EP0478467A1 - Installation for handling and calibrating articles, especially shellfish and more particulary oysters - Google Patents

Installation for handling and calibrating articles, especially shellfish and more particulary oysters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0478467A1
EP0478467A1 EP91402610A EP91402610A EP0478467A1 EP 0478467 A1 EP0478467 A1 EP 0478467A1 EP 91402610 A EP91402610 A EP 91402610A EP 91402610 A EP91402610 A EP 91402610A EP 0478467 A1 EP0478467 A1 EP 0478467A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
articles
conveyor
roller
bucket
installation according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP91402610A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michel Alix
Jean-Claude Rollet
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TUYAUTERIE CHAUDRONNERIE DU COTENTIN
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TUYAUTERIE CHAUDRONNERIE DU COTENTIN
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Publication of EP0478467A1 publication Critical patent/EP0478467A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/16—Sorting according to weight
    • B07C5/18—Sorting according to weight using a single stationary weighing mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C2501/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material to be sorted
    • B07C2501/0081—Sorting of food items

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation for handling and calibrating articles; it applies in particular, but not exclusively, to an installation for the treatment of shellfish, and in particular for that of oysters.
  • oysters are sold by categories, or classes, which are defined essentially as a function of their weight and dimensions.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by providing an installation for handling and calibrating articles of a simple design, and consequently inexpensive, while being very reliable.
  • the installation according to the invention has the particularity of presenting an entry station which comprises: means, such as a roller, for transporting the articles individually; means for delivering the articles in a substantially aligned manner to the inlet of said roller, a conveyor provided at the outlet of the roller for successively and individually receiving the articles from said roller; and means for controlling in time the unitary passage of the articles from the roller to the conveyor.
  • an entry station which comprises: means, such as a roller, for transporting the articles individually; means for delivering the articles in a substantially aligned manner to the inlet of said roller, a conveyor provided at the outlet of the roller for successively and individually receiving the articles from said roller; and means for controlling in time the unitary passage of the articles from the roller to the conveyor.
  • the means for delivering the articles in a substantially aligned manner at the inlet of the roller are of the gravity type.
  • the conveyor may include unitary support means for the articles, for example of the bucket type or the like.
  • the means for controlling over time the unitary passage of the articles from the roller to the conveyor comprise: a detector of the presence of an article in the vicinity of the outlet of the roller, and controlled means by the detector and arranged to allow the passage of said article on the conveyor only at a predetermined rate with respect to the passage of the preceding article, in synchronism with the speed of the conveyor.
  • the means which are controlled by the detector they are for example constituted by a clutch controlling the stopping and the circulation of the roller.
  • the presence of the article in the vicinity of the outlet of the roller can be detected in any suitable manner, for example by a detector of the mechanical probe type or of the optical type.
  • the weighing station can be arranged at the outlet from the conveyor, and said weighing station is then remarkable in that it comprises a unitary weighing pan for articles coming from the conveyor; memory means for storing the weight of the articles weighed successively; conveyor means for receiving the items from the transporter individually and for moving these items individually to the weighing pan; ejector means controlled by the memory means for selectively directing each article present on the conveyor means towards one of a plurality of receptacles according to its weight.
  • the weighing plate and some of the ejector means are elements of the slide, the continuity of which they break.
  • the ejector means may comprise a plurality of hatches, each associated with a jack, each jack causing the opening of its associated hatch under the control of the memory means when the bucket-bucket support assembly which transports the article in front, by its weight, being directed towards the container associated with said actuator and with said hatch passes overhanging said hatch.
  • the speed of movement of the conveyor means is in synchronism with that of the conveyor.
  • Each bucket-bucket support assembly can advantageously be fixed to the chain device by two horizontal fingers provided externally at the bottom and front of each support, each finger simultaneously constituting the connecting axis between two successive links of a chain and said two fingers forming a horizontal axis around which the support is free to pivot.
  • each of the two wings of said support being crossed in its upper part by a horizontal pivot which is carried at its upper part each side of the bucket associated with said support so that said bucket free to oscillate relative to its support around the horizontal axis that constitute the two pivots.
  • the memory means can be arranged to total the weights of the weighed articles belonging to the same category and transported to the same support. Said memory means can also be arranged to stop the spillage of articles in a container when the total weight of the articles already spilled in said container reaches a predetermined value.
  • the oysters after their harvest, and preferably after having undergone at least a washing and pre-sorting treatment, in order to be rid of waste, empty shells or oysters which cannot be marketed because of their too small size, are placed in bulk in a feed hopper (1) from which they are taken up, almost randomly, by an auxiliary conveyor (2), for example an elevating conveyor of the type with transverse pallets (3).
  • an auxiliary conveyor (2) for example an elevating conveyor of the type with transverse pallets (3).
  • the oysters At the exit of the transporter (2), that is to say from the upper part of said elevator in the case shown, the oysters, as shown by the arrow (4), fall into an inclined chute (5), straight or angled, to be discharged onto another auxiliary conveyor (6), for example a horizontal conveyor belt.
  • This conveyor (6) has for example a length slightly less than one meter, a width of a few centimeters and a speed adjusted so that the oysters are driven in (7) being approximately aligned, without however being possible here. to create regular spacing between them.
  • the oysters are delivered to a straight inclined chute (8) for alignment, with a V-profile whose length is approximately 50 cm, along which they slide by gravity at (9 ) by being arranged online.
  • the oysters come up against a roller (10) with a horizontal axis (11) arranged transversely to the direction (9) in which the oysters slide upstream .
  • the periphery of the roller (10) is rough and provided with teeth (12) so that the oysters which, one after the other, abut on the roller are then entrained by the teeth (12) of the latter, then pass over said roller to finally fall one by one, as shown schematically by the arrow (13), in a bucket (14) whose role will be described below.
  • the oysters are then delivered to the unit by the roller (10) on a main conveyor (15) which receives the oysters successively and to the unit.
  • the conveyor (15) is an oblique elevator and is equipped with buckets (14) or the like suitable for each receiving a single oyster.
  • the installation includes means for controlling in time the unitary and clocked passage of the oysters from the roller (10) to the main transporter (15).
  • the roller (10) is driven by an electric motor (16) on the output shaft (17) which is interposed a clutch (18), for example electromagnetic, controlling the stop and the rotation of the roller (10).
  • the clutch (18) cooperates with a detector shown diagrammatically at (19) which is arranged to detect the passage of an oyster at the outlet of the roller (10).
  • This detector (19) is for example a mechanical probe or a detector of the optical type with photoelectric cell.
  • the detector (19) is therefore able to control the stopping of the roller (10), by opening the clutch (18), as soon as it detects the passage of an oyster at the outlet of this roller, either because the feeler touches an oyster, either because the oyster passes through the radius of the cell.
  • the detected oyster ends its fall by gravity in a bucket (14) of the main conveyor (15) while the roller (10) stops, thus stopping the next oyster.
  • the purpose of this order to stop the roller (10) is to prevent two successive oysters from being delivered to the transporter (15) too closely together over time.
  • the control of the restarting of the roller (10) is carried out automatically after a predetermined period of time following the previous restarting, this period of time, of the order of a few tenths of a second, corresponding to the time interval which separates the passage of two successive buckets (14) from the conveyor (15) in line with the exit of the roller (10).
  • the operating cycle of the roller (10) therefore depends on the speed of circulation of the conveyor (15) and the spacing of the buckets (14), and said cycle is therefore in synchronism with the speed of the conveyor (15).
  • any other arrangement could be provided to ensure with certainty the unit supply of oysters from the roller (10), the spacing of which is not clocked, in the buckets (14) of the main conveyor (15) , where conversely the timing is perfect since the cups (14) are regularly spaced there.
  • the clutch (18) could be disengaged when detecting the fall of an oyster at the exit of the roller (10), the latter therefore stopping after the oyster has fallen.
  • a timed relay would cause, after a predetermined period of time following the stopping of the roller (10), the closing of the electrical circuit of the clutch (18), which would put the roller (10) back in rotation.
  • the oysters are delivered to the unit and in a clocked manner to a weighing calibration system (49).
  • the oysters fall one by one, always in rhythm, as shown schematically by the arrow (20), on a conveyor (21) also equipped with buckets (22) each of which is suitable for receiving an oyster.
  • the speed of travel (23) of the conveyor (21) is in synchronism with that of the main conveyor (15), namely that the step - or interval separating two successive buckets, respectively (14) and (22) - is traversed according to exactly the same time by the conveyor (15) and respectively the conveyor (21 ).
  • the oysters transported individually by the transporter (15) are deposited one by one, each in a bucket (22) of the conveyor (21), so that each bucket (22) receives one and only one oyster.
  • the conveyor (21) consists of a device with two parallel chains (24), each arranged in a loop and both driven in the same movement by sprockets (25), themselves rotated by an electric motor ( 26), and a fixed slide (27) centered between and under the two chains (24), slide which extends at least under the upper horizontal strands of the loops (24).
  • Each of the buckets (22) equipping the conveyor (21) is driven by the two chains (24) by means of a support (28), metal or plastic, U-shaped whose sole (29) carries under its underside a central pad (30) by which the bucket support is supported on the slide (27), and by which the sliding of said support along the slide is facilitated, and each of the two wings (31) is crossed in its upper part by a horizontal pivot (32) which carries at its upper part each flank (48) of the bucket (22), so that said bucket is free to oscillate, relative to its support (28), around of the horizontal axis that constitute the two pivots (32) so that the oyster transported by the bucket (22) has its center of gravity placed below the vertical of this axis.
  • a horizontal finger (outside of each of its supports (28) is provided at the bottom and front of each support (28). 33) which simultaneously constitutes the connecting axis between two successive links (34) of a chain (24).
  • each support (28) is driven in displacement by its two fingers (33) caught between the two chains (24), while simultaneously preserving complete freedom of pivoting around the horizontal axis that constitute the two fingers (33).
  • the two parallel chains (24) drive all the buckets (22) in the same translational movement, each bucket (22), free to oscillate relative to its support (28) around the axis (32), being driven by said support, of which it is integral, by the axis (33) around which the support (28) is also free to oscillate, the bucket assembly (22) - bucket support (28) sliding by its pad central (30) on the slide (27) centered between and under the upper horizontal strands of the two chains (24).
  • each bucket (22) passes over the plate (35) of an electric load cell (36) which, before taring, allows the measurement of the weight of the oyster to within a few grams.
  • This plate (35) is advantageously arranged in alignment with the slide (27), of which it constitutes one of the portions.
  • the weight of each oyster is recorded in a central memory unit (37) which, in addition, controls the various elements of the weighing station (49), as described below.
  • a jack (38), pneumatic, hydraulic or electric causes the opening of 'an associated hatch (39) which also breaks the continuity of the slide (27) on which the bucket supports (28) slide.
  • a bucket support (28) passes over a hatch which then opens under the control of the unit (37), it rocks by gravity around its axis (33) and the bucket (22), which itself swings around its axis (32), drops the oyster which it transports ( Figure 4) on a transverse conveyor belt (40) which discharges the oyster from the side in a receptacle (41) oysters, which can be a pouch, a bag or a basket.
  • a position detector (42) sends to the central unit (37) an electrical signal for the position of the weighed oyster.
  • the unit (37) then simultaneously processes the “weight” and “position” data of the different oysters then in place on the conveyor (21) and it causes the actuators (38) which open the hatches (39) causing the tilting buckets (22) and the fall of the oysters according to their weight, that is to say their size.
  • the first cylinder (38a) ( Figure 1) corresponds for example to oysters of size 1, the second cylinder (38b) to oysters of size 2, the third cylinder (38c) to oysters of size 3, and so on.
  • the oysters calibrated as just said are therefore sent by gravity from the transverse belts (40) into that of their container (41a, 41b, 41c) which corresponds to them in the calibration plane.
  • each container for receiving oysters of the same size is provided with a flap (43) for stopping the oysters from spilling into the container (41) concerned.
  • This component makes it possible to stop the filling of a container (41) when the total weight of the oysters dropped therein has reached a value previously given and fixed to the central unit (37).
  • a jack (44) whose position of the rod (45) is controlled by the unit (37). This device allows the operator to remove the full container (41) and replace it with an empty container.
  • each of the buckets (22) equipping the conveyor (21) is driven by the two chains (24) by means of a support (128), metallic or plastic, in the form of a rectangular frame whose long sides or sides (131) extend parallel to the drive chains (24), the lower edges (131a) of these sides (131) constituting the pads allowing the sliding of the frame support (128), and of the bucket ( 22) that it contains, on two horizontal slides (27) which also extend parallel to the drive chains (24).
  • the frame support (128) consists exclusively of its four vertical walls, that is to say that it is hollow and open at its base and at its top.
  • a pit (23) separates the two slides (27) to allow free passage of the bottom of the bucket (22), which extends well beyond the lower part of its support (128).
  • each flank (131) of the frame support (128) is crossed by a horizontal pivot (32) which each flank (48) of the bucket (22) carries at its upper part so that said bucket is free to oscillate relative to the frame support (128), around the horizontal axis which constitute the two pivots (32), and that the oyster transported by the bucket (22) has its center of gravity placed under the vertical of this horizontal axis.
  • each frame support (128) is provided by an axis (33) which passes through said frame support and which is taken at each of its ends in a recess (54) defined by the connection between two links (34) successive of a chain (24).
  • the axis (33) passes through each flank (131) of the frame support (128) by penetrating an oblong lumen (50) formed near the upper front corner of said flank.
  • the oblong lumen (50) extends essentially vertically by having a width equal to about one and a half times the diameter of the axis (33) and a height of the order of two and a half times said diameter of the axis (33).
  • the two parallel chains (24) drive all the buckets (22) in the same translational movement (23), each bucket (22), free to oscillate relative to its frame support (128) around the axis (32), being driven by said frame support, of which it is integral, by the axis (33) around which the frame support (128) is also free to oscillate, the bucket assembly (22) - support- frame (128) sliding on the two slides (27) placed under the lateral pads (131a) of said support (128).
  • each bucket (22) passes over the plate (35) of the electric load cell (36) which, before taring, makes it possible to measure the weight of the oyster to within a few grams.
  • This plate (35) is advantageously arranged in alignment with the slides (27), of which it then constitutes one of the portions.
  • connection between the horizontal drive axis (33) of each frame support (128) and said support is provided and completed on each side (131) of said frame support by a plastic bar (51) which allows a double articulation between the axis (33) of the support drive (128) and said support (128).
  • the bar (51) is terminated by two bulges, respectively (51a) and (51b), which are each pierced with an orifice crossed, the first, by the axis (33) and, the second, by a finger (52) which extends horizontally and outside the sidewall (131).
  • the two lateral bars (51) allow a drive of the frame support (128) while eliminating the parasitic friction forces between the drive axis (33) and the frame support (128).
  • the weight of each oyster measured by the weighing scale (36) is recorded in the central unit (37) with memory.
  • an electric actuator (55) whose rod (56) is normally retracted causes the bucket (22) to tilt about its axis of oscillation (32), thus allowing the oyster it contains to be evacuated into a pit (53) located between the two slides (27) and its recovery, either in a chute, or by a conveyor belt (40), which will pour the oyster into a pouch, a bag or a basket, as has been seen previously.
  • Each container will thus receive oysters of the same size.
  • the tilting of the bucket (22) is obtained by means of a tongue (57) which is mounted against a side (48) of the bucket, inside the latter, and which is retained against this side by the 'axis (32) and a screw (58).
  • the stop (59) thus no longer blocks the passage of the tongues (57) and it will then be only on new instruction from the central unit (37) and energization of the jack (55) that the stop will be active again. when the oyster contained in the support-bucket assembly which has the desired size.

Abstract

The present invention relates to an installation for handling and calibrating articles, such as shellfish in particular. Said installation, which comprises an input station, a weighing station (19) and an output station, is characterised in that the input station comprises: means, such as a roller (10), for conveying the articles one by one; means (1, 3, 5, 6, 8) for delivering the articles more or less in line to the entrance of said roller; a conveyor (15) at the output of the roller (10) for taking the articles arriving from said roller one by one in succession; and means (18, 19) for causing the articles to move one by one over time from the roller (10) to the conveyor (15). Applicable in particular to the calibration of oysters. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention est relative à une installation pour effectuer la manutention et le calibrage d'articles ; elle s'applique en particulier, mais non exclusivement, à une installation pour le traitement de coquillages, et notamment pour celui des huîtres.The present invention relates to an installation for handling and calibrating articles; it applies in particular, but not exclusively, to an installation for the treatment of shellfish, and in particular for that of oysters.

On sait en effet que, dans cette application spécifique, les huîtres sont vendues par catégories, ou classes, qui sont définies en fonction essentiellement de leur poids et de leurs dimensions.We know indeed that, in this specific application, oysters are sold by categories, or classes, which are defined essentially as a function of their weight and dimensions.

Actuellement, les coquillages, et en particulier les huîtres, sont traités de manière soit entièrement manuelle, soit semi-automatique, soit totalement automatique. Les opérations exclusivement manuelles sont fastidieuses et coûteuses en main d'oeuvre, de sorte qu'on a cherché à améliorer ces opérations, notamment sur le plan économique, en les automatisant. On a tenté ainsi de réaliser le tri pondéral des coquillages en plaçant ceux-ci à l'unité sur un support qui, à partir d'un poids donné du coquillage, bascule pour décharger celui-ci en un endroit approprié. Toutefois, ce système n'est pas très fiable et il ne donne donc pas entière satisfaction. Quant aux systèmes totalement automatiques, ils présentent des inconvénients qui résident essentiellement dans leur complexité, leur manque de fiabilité et leur coût élevé.Currently, shellfish, and in particular oysters, are processed either entirely manually, or semi-automatically, or fully automatically. The exclusively manual operations are tedious and costly in manpower, so that one sought to improve these operations, in particular on the economic level, by automating them. An attempt has therefore been made to sort the seashells by placing them individually on a support which, from a given weight of the shell, tilts to discharge the latter in an appropriate place. However, this system is not very reliable and therefore it is not entirely satisfactory. As for fully automatic systems, they have drawbacks which lie mainly in their complexity, their lack of reliability and their high cost.

La présente invention a pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en fournissant une installation de manutention et de calibrage d'articles d'une conception simple, et par conséquent peu onéreuse, tout en étant très fiable.The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by providing an installation for handling and calibrating articles of a simple design, and consequently inexpensive, while being very reliable.

A cet effet, l'installation selon l'invention a pour particularité de présenter un poste d'entrée qui comporte : des moyens, tel un rouleau, pour transporter les articles à l'unité; des moyens pour délivrer les articles de façon sensiblement alignée à l'entrée dudit rouleau, un transporteur prévu à la sortie du rouleau pour recevoir successivement et à l'unité les articles provenant dudit rouleau; et des moyens pour commander dans le temps le passage unitaire des articles du rouleau au transporteur. Ainsi, dans l'installation selon l'invention, on assure automatiquement la fourniture non seulement unitaire, mais aussi cadencée, des articles sur le transporteur, en vue de leur traitement ultérieur.To this end, the installation according to the invention has the particularity of presenting an entry station which comprises: means, such as a roller, for transporting the articles individually; means for delivering the articles in a substantially aligned manner to the inlet of said roller, a conveyor provided at the outlet of the roller for successively and individually receiving the articles from said roller; and means for controlling in time the unitary passage of the articles from the roller to the conveyor. Thus, in the installation according to the invention, there is automatically provided not only unitary, but also clocked, of the articles on the conveyor, with a view to their further processing.

Avantageusement, les moyens pour délivrer les articles de façon sensiblement alignée à l'entrée du rouleau sont du type gravitaire.Advantageously, the means for delivering the articles in a substantially aligned manner at the inlet of the roller are of the gravity type.

Le transporteur peut comporter des moyens de support unitaire des articles, par exemple du type à godet ou analogue.The conveyor may include unitary support means for the articles, for example of the bucket type or the like.

Suivant un mode de réalisation préféré de l'invention, les moyens pour commander dans le temps le passage unitaire des articles du rouleau au transporteur comportent: un détecteur de la présence d'un article au voisinage de la sortie du rouleau, et des moyens commandés par le détecteur et agencés pour ne permettre le passage dudit article sur le transporteur que suivant une cadence prédéterminée par rapport au passage de l'article précédent, en synchronisme avec la vitesse du transporteur.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the means for controlling over time the unitary passage of the articles from the roller to the conveyor comprise: a detector of the presence of an article in the vicinity of the outlet of the roller, and controlled means by the detector and arranged to allow the passage of said article on the conveyor only at a predetermined rate with respect to the passage of the preceding article, in synchronism with the speed of the conveyor.

Quant aux moyens qui sont commandés par le détecteur, ils sont par exemple constitués par un embrayage commandant l'arrêt et la circulation du rouleau. Enfin, la présence de l'article au voisinage de la sortie du rouleau peut être détectée de toute manière appropriée, par exemple par un détecteur du type à palpeur mécanique ou du type optique.As for the means which are controlled by the detector, they are for example constituted by a clutch controlling the stopping and the circulation of the roller. Finally, the presence of the article in the vicinity of the outlet of the roller can be detected in any suitable manner, for example by a detector of the mechanical probe type or of the optical type.

Suivant une autre particularité de l'invention, le poste de pesée peut être disposé à la sortie du transporteur, et ledit poste de pesée est alors remarquable en ce qu'il comprend un plateau de pesage unitaire des articles provenant du transporteur; des moyens à mémoire pour mémoriser le poids des articles pesés successivement ; des moyens convoyeurs pour recevoir à l'unité les articles provenant du transporteur et pour déplacer ces articles à l'unité jusqu'au plateau de pesage; des moyens éjecteurs commandés par les moyens à mémoire pour diriger sélectivement chaque article présent sur les moyens convoyeurs vers l'un d'une pluralité de récipients en fonction de son poids.According to another particular feature of the invention, the weighing station can be arranged at the outlet from the conveyor, and said weighing station is then remarkable in that it comprises a unitary weighing pan for articles coming from the conveyor; memory means for storing the weight of the articles weighed successively; conveyor means for receiving the items from the transporter individually and for moving these items individually to the weighing pan; ejector means controlled by the memory means for selectively directing each article present on the conveyor means towards one of a plurality of receptacles according to its weight.

Avantageusement, les moyens convoyeurs qui reçoivent à l'unité les articles provenant du transporteur et qui déplacent ces articles à l'unité jusqu'au plateau de pesage comprennent une pluralité d'ensembles godet-support de godet entraînés par un dispositif à chaînes parallèles et disposées en boucles, chaque ensemble reposant en outre sur une glissière placée entre et sous les brins supérieurs des chaînes et le long de laquelle il se déplace lors de son entraînement par le dispositif.Advantageously, the conveyor means which receive the items from the transporter individually and which move these items individually to the weighing platform comprise a plurality of bucket-bucket support assemblies driven by a parallel chain device and arranged in loops, each assembly also resting on a slide placed between and under the upper strands of the chains and along which it moves during its training by the device.

Suivant un mode de réalisation préférée, on prévoit que le plateau de pesage et certains des moyens éjecteurs sont des éléments de la glissière, dont ils rompent la continuité.According to a preferred embodiment, provision is made for the weighing plate and some of the ejector means to be elements of the slide, the continuity of which they break.

Les moyens éjecteurs peuvent comprendre une pluralité de trappes, associées chacune à un vérin, chaque vérin provoquant l'ouverture de sa trappe associée sous la commande des moyens à mémoire lorsque l'ensemble godet-support de godet qui transporte l'article devant, de par son poids, être dirigé vers le récipient associé audit vérin et à ladite trappe passe en surplomb de ladite trappe.The ejector means may comprise a plurality of hatches, each associated with a jack, each jack causing the opening of its associated hatch under the control of the memory means when the bucket-bucket support assembly which transports the article in front, by its weight, being directed towards the container associated with said actuator and with said hatch passes overhanging said hatch.

Suivant une autre réalisation avantageuse, la vitesse de déplacement des moyens convoyeurs est en synchronisme avec celle du transporteur.According to another advantageous embodiment, the speed of movement of the conveyor means is in synchronism with that of the conveyor.

Chaque ensemble godet-support de godet peut être avantageusement fixé au dispositif à chaînes par deux doigts horizontaux prévus extérieurement en partie basse et avant de chaque support, chaque doigt constituant simultanément l'axe de liaison entre deux maillons successifs d'une chaîne et lesdits deux doigts formant un axe horizontal autour duquel le support est libre de pivoter.Each bucket-bucket support assembly can advantageously be fixed to the chain device by two horizontal fingers provided externally at the bottom and front of each support, each finger simultaneously constituting the connecting axis between two successive links of a chain and said two fingers forming a horizontal axis around which the support is free to pivot.

Quant aux supports de godet, ils peuvent chacun être en forme de U, chacune des deux ailes dudit support étant traversée en sa partie supérieure par un pivot horizontal que porte à sa partie supérieure chaque flanc du godet associé audit support en sorte que ledit godet est libre d'osciller relativement à son support autour de l'axe horizontal que constituent les deux pivots.As for the bucket supports, they can each be U-shaped, each of the two wings of said support being crossed in its upper part by a horizontal pivot which is carried at its upper part each side of the bucket associated with said support so that said bucket free to oscillate relative to its support around the horizontal axis that constitute the two pivots.

Enfin, les moyens à mémoire peuvent être agencés pour totaliser les poids des articles pesés appartenant à une même catégorie et transportés jusqu'à un même support. Lesdits moyens à mémoire peuvent aussi être agencés pour arrêter le déversement des articles dans un récipient lorsque le poids total des articles déjà déversés dans ledit récipient atteint une valeur prédéterminée.Finally, the memory means can be arranged to total the weights of the weighed articles belonging to the same category and transported to the same support. Said memory means can also be arranged to stop the spillage of articles in a container when the total weight of the articles already spilled in said container reaches a predetermined value.

On comprendra bien l'invention à la lecture du complément de description qui va suivre et en référence au dessin annexé qui fait partie de la description et dans lequel :

  • la Figure 1 est une vue schématique en élévation d'une installation établie selon un mode de réalisation préférée de l'invention ;
  • la Figure 2 est une vue en plan de l'installation de la Figure 1;
  • la Figure 3 est une vue de détail, en vue de côté, d'une première variante du dispositif de pesée des huîtres à l'unité et du dispositif d'expédition sélective des huîtres calibrées;
  • la Figure 4 est une vue selon la ligne IV-IV du dispositif d'expédition sélective des huîtres calibrées dans les récipients disposés en bout de l'installation, le godet étant représenté dans sa position de déversement; et
  • la Figure 5 est une vue de dessus d'une première variante des moyens convoyeurs associés au dispositif de pesée;
  • les Figures 6 et 7 représentent, respectivement en vue de côté et en vue de dessus, une seconde variante des moyens convoyeurs associés au dispositif de pesée; et
  • les figures 8a et 8 b représentent, en vue de côté, une seconde variante d'expédition sélective des huîtres calibrées après pesée, respectivement hors fonctionnement et en fonctionnement.
The invention will be clearly understood on reading the additional description which follows and with reference to the appended drawing which forms part of the description and in which:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic elevational view of an installation established according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the installation of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a detail view, in side view, of a first variant of the weighing device for single oysters and the selective shipping device for calibrated oysters;
  • Figure 4 is a view along line IV-IV of the selective shipping device for calibrated oysters in the containers arranged at the end of the installation, the bucket being shown in its pouring position; and
  • Figure 5 is a top view of a first variant of the conveyor means associated with the weighing device;
  • Figures 6 and 7 show, respectively in side view and in top view, a second variant of the conveyor means associated with the weighing device; and
  • Figures 8a and 8b show, in side view, a second variant of selective shipment of oysters calibrated after weighing, respectively when not in operation and in operation.

La description qui va suivre sera faite dans l'application préférée, mais non limitative, aux traitements de manutention unitaire et de calibrage pondéral des huîtres.The description which follows will be given in the preferred, but not limiting, application for unit handling and weight calibration of oysters.

Les huîtres, après leur récolte, et de préférence après avoir subi au moins un traitement de lavage et de tri préalable, pour être débarassées des déchets, des coquilles vides ou des huîtres non commercialisables en raison de leur trop faible taille, sont placées en vrac dans une trémie d'alimentation (1) à partir de laquelle elles sont prélevées, de manière quasi-aléatoire, par un transporteur auxiliaire (2), par exemple un transporteur élévateur du type à palettes transversales (3). A la sortie du transporteur (2), c'est-à-dire depuis la partie haute dudit élévateur dans le cas représenté, les huîtres, comme schématisé par la flèche (4), tombent dans une goulotte inclinée (5), droite ou coudée, pour être déversées sur un autre transporteur auxiliaire (6), par exemple un transporteur horizontal à courroie. Ce transporteur (6) a par exemple une longueur légèrement inférieure à un mètre, une largeur de quelques centimètres et une vitesse réglée de telle façon que les huîtres sont entraînées en (7) en étant approximativement alignées, sans toutefois qu'il soit possible ici de créer un espacement régulier entre elles. A la sortie du transporteur (6), les huîtres sont délivrées à une goulotte inclinée rectiligne (8) d'alignement, à profil en V dont la longueur est d'environ 50 cm, le long de laquelle elles glissent par gravité en (9) en étant disposées en ligne. A la sortie de la goulotte (8), où leur alignement a donc été parfait, les huîtres viennent buter sur un rouleau (10) d'axe (11) horizontal disposé transversalement à la direction (9) selon laquelle les huîtres glissent en amont. Ce rouleau (10), d'environ 50 mm de diamètre, tourne autour de son axe de symétrie longitudinal (11). La périphérie du rouleau (10) est rugueuse et munie de dents (12) de sorte que les huîtres qui, les unes après les autres, viennent buter sur le rouleau se trouvent ensuite entraînées par les dents (12) de celui-ci, puis passent par-dessus ledit rouleau pour enfin tomber une à une, comme schématisé par la flèche (13), dans un godet (14) dont le rôle va être décrit ci-après.The oysters, after their harvest, and preferably after having undergone at least a washing and pre-sorting treatment, in order to be rid of waste, empty shells or oysters which cannot be marketed because of their too small size, are placed in bulk in a feed hopper (1) from which they are taken up, almost randomly, by an auxiliary conveyor (2), for example an elevating conveyor of the type with transverse pallets (3). At the exit of the transporter (2), that is to say from the upper part of said elevator in the case shown, the oysters, as shown by the arrow (4), fall into an inclined chute (5), straight or angled, to be discharged onto another auxiliary conveyor (6), for example a horizontal conveyor belt. This conveyor (6) has for example a length slightly less than one meter, a width of a few centimeters and a speed adjusted so that the oysters are driven in (7) being approximately aligned, without however being possible here. to create regular spacing between them. At the exit of the conveyor (6), the oysters are delivered to a straight inclined chute (8) for alignment, with a V-profile whose length is approximately 50 cm, along which they slide by gravity at (9 ) by being arranged online. At the exit of the chute (8), where their alignment has therefore been perfect, the oysters come up against a roller (10) with a horizontal axis (11) arranged transversely to the direction (9) in which the oysters slide upstream . This roller (10), about 50 mm in diameter, rotates around its longitudinal axis of symmetry (11). The periphery of the roller (10) is rough and provided with teeth (12) so that the oysters which, one after the other, abut on the roller are then entrained by the teeth (12) of the latter, then pass over said roller to finally fall one by one, as shown schematically by the arrow (13), in a bucket (14) whose role will be described below.

C'est à partir de ce rouleau (10) que commence vraiment le traitement unitaire des huîtres.It is from this roller (10) that the unitary processing of oysters really begins.

Les huîtres sont ensuite délivrées à l'unité par le rouleau (10) sur un transporteur principal (15) qui reçoit les huîtres successivement et à l'unité. Par exemple, le transporteur (15) est un élévateur oblique et il est équipé de godets (14) ou analogues propres à recevoir chacun une seule huître.The oysters are then delivered to the unit by the roller (10) on a main conveyor (15) which receives the oysters successively and to the unit. For example, the conveyor (15) is an oblique elevator and is equipped with buckets (14) or the like suitable for each receiving a single oyster.

Pour assurer en toute certitude la fourniture d'une seule huître à la fois au transporteur (15), l'installation comporte des moyens pour commander dans le temps le passage unitaire et cadencé des huîtres depuis le rouleau (10) jusqu'au transporteur principal (15).To ensure with certainty the supply of only one oyster at a time to the transporter (15), the installation includes means for controlling in time the unitary and clocked passage of the oysters from the roller (10) to the main transporter (15).

Dans le mode de réalisation adopté, le rouleau (10) est entraîné par un moteur électrique (16) sur l'arbre de sortie (17) duquel est interposé un embrayage (18), par exemple électromagnétique, commandant l'arrêt et la rotation du rouleau (10). L'embrayage (18) coopère avec un détecteur schématisé en (19) qui est agencé pour détecter le passage d'une huître à la sortie du rouleau (10). Ce détecteur (19) est par exemple un palpeur mécanique ou un détecteur du type optique à cellule photoélectrique. Le détecteur (19) est donc apte à commander l'arrêt du rouleau (10), par ouverture de l'embrayage (18), dès qu'il détecte le passage d'une huître à la sortie de ce rouleau, soit parce que le palpeur touche une huître, soit parce que l'huître passe dans le champ du rayon de la cellule. A cet instant, l'huître détectée termine sa chute par gravité dans un godet (14) du transporteur principal (15) tandis que le rouleau (10) s'arrête, stoppant ainsi l'huître suivante.In the adopted embodiment, the roller (10) is driven by an electric motor (16) on the output shaft (17) which is interposed a clutch (18), for example electromagnetic, controlling the stop and the rotation of the roller (10). The clutch (18) cooperates with a detector shown diagrammatically at (19) which is arranged to detect the passage of an oyster at the outlet of the roller (10). This detector (19) is for example a mechanical probe or a detector of the optical type with photoelectric cell. The detector (19) is therefore able to control the stopping of the roller (10), by opening the clutch (18), as soon as it detects the passage of an oyster at the outlet of this roller, either because the feeler touches an oyster, either because the oyster passes through the radius of the cell. At this instant, the detected oyster ends its fall by gravity in a bucket (14) of the main conveyor (15) while the roller (10) stops, thus stopping the next oyster.

Le but de cette commande de l'arrêt du rouleau (10) est d'éviter que deux huîtres successives soient délivrées au transporteur (15) de manière trop rapprochée dans le temps. La commande de la remise en marche du rouleau (10) est effectuée automatiquement après un laps de temps prédéterminé suivant la remise en marche précédente, ce laps de temps, de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de seconde, correspondant à l'intervalle de temps qui sépare le passage de deux godets successifs (14) du transporteur (15) au droit de la sortie du rouleau (10). Le cycle de fonctionnement du rouleau (10) dépend donc de la vitesse de circulation du transporteur (15) et de l'espacement des godets (14), et ledit cycle est donc en synchronisme avec la vitesse du transporteur (15).The purpose of this order to stop the roller (10) is to prevent two successive oysters from being delivered to the transporter (15) too closely together over time. The control of the restarting of the roller (10) is carried out automatically after a predetermined period of time following the previous restarting, this period of time, of the order of a few tenths of a second, corresponding to the time interval which separates the passage of two successive buckets (14) from the conveyor (15) in line with the exit of the roller (10). The operating cycle of the roller (10) therefore depends on the speed of circulation of the conveyor (15) and the spacing of the buckets (14), and said cycle is therefore in synchronism with the speed of the conveyor (15).

Bien entendu, on pourrait prévoir tout autre agencement permettant d'assurer en toute certitude la fourniture unitaire des huîtres provenant du rouleau (10), dont l'espacement n'est pas cadencé, dans les godets (14) du transporteur principal (15), où à l'inverse le cadencement est parfait puisque les godets (14) y sont régulièrement espacés. Par exemple, l'embrayage (18) pourrait être débrayé lors de la détection de la chute d'une huître à la sortie du rouleau (10), celui-ci s'arrêtant donc après la chute de l'huître. Dans ce cas, un relais temporisé provoquerait, après un laps de temps prédéterminé suivant l'arrêt du rouleau (10), la fermeture du circuit électrique de l'embrayage (18), ce qui remettrait le rouleau (10) en rotation.Of course, any other arrangement could be provided to ensure with certainty the unit supply of oysters from the roller (10), the spacing of which is not clocked, in the buckets (14) of the main conveyor (15) , where conversely the timing is perfect since the cups (14) are regularly spaced there. For example, the clutch (18) could be disengaged when detecting the fall of an oyster at the exit of the roller (10), the latter therefore stopping after the oyster has fallen. In this case, a timed relay would cause, after a predetermined period of time following the stopping of the roller (10), the closing of the electrical circuit of the clutch (18), which would put the roller (10) back in rotation.

A la sortie haute (15a) du transporteur (15), les huîtres sont délivrées à l'unité et de manière cadencée à un système (49) de calibrage par pesage.At the high outlet (15a) of the conveyor (15), the oysters are delivered to the unit and in a clocked manner to a weighing calibration system (49).

A cette fin, depuis la sortie (15a) du transporteur (15), les huîtres tombent une à une, toujours en cadence, comme schématisé par la flèche (20), sur un convoyeur (21) équipé lui aussi de godets (22) qui, chacun, sont aptes à recevoir une huître. La vitesse du défilement (23) du convoyeur (21) est en synchronisme avec celle du transporteur principal (15), à savoir que le pas -ou intervalle séparant deux godets successifs, respectivement (14) et (22)- est parcouru selon exactement le même temps par le transporteur (15) et respectivement le convoyeur (21). Ainsi, les huîtres transportées à l'unité par le transporteur (15) sont déposées une à une, chacune dans un godet (22) du convoyeur (21), en sorte que chaque godet (22) reçoive une et une seule huître.To this end, from the outlet (15a) of the conveyor (15), the oysters fall one by one, always in rhythm, as shown schematically by the arrow (20), on a conveyor (21) also equipped with buckets (22) each of which is suitable for receiving an oyster. The speed of travel (23) of the conveyor (21) is in synchronism with that of the main conveyor (15), namely that the step - or interval separating two successive buckets, respectively (14) and (22) - is traversed according to exactly the same time by the conveyor (15) and respectively the conveyor (21 ). Thus, the oysters transported individually by the transporter (15) are deposited one by one, each in a bucket (22) of the conveyor (21), so that each bucket (22) receives one and only one oyster.

Le convoyeur (21) se compose d'un dispositif à deux chaînes (24) parallèles, disposées chacune selon une boucle et entraînées toutes deux selon un même mouvement par des pignons (25), eux-mêmes mis en rotation par un moteur électrique (26), et d'une glissière fixe (27) centrée entre et sous les deux chaînes (24), glissière qui s'étend au moins sous les brins horizontaux supérieurs des boucles (24).The conveyor (21) consists of a device with two parallel chains (24), each arranged in a loop and both driven in the same movement by sprockets (25), themselves rotated by an electric motor ( 26), and a fixed slide (27) centered between and under the two chains (24), slide which extends at least under the upper horizontal strands of the loops (24).

Chacun des godets (22) équipant le convoyeur (21) est entraîné par les deux chaînes (24) par l'intermédiaire d'un support (28), métallique ou en matière plastique, en forme de U dont la semelle (29) porte sous sa face inférieure un patin central (30) par lequel le support de godet s'appuie sur la glissière (27), et grâce auquel le glissement dudit support le long de la glissière est facilité, et dont chacune des deux ailes (31) est traversée en sa partie supérieure par un pivot (32) horizontal que porte à sa partie supérieure chaque flanc (48) du godet (22), en sorte que ledit godet est libre d'osciller, relativement à son support (28), autour de l'axe horizontal que constituent les deux pivots (32) de manière que l'huître transportée par le godet (22) ait son centre de gravité placé sous la verticale de cet axe.Each of the buckets (22) equipping the conveyor (21) is driven by the two chains (24) by means of a support (28), metal or plastic, U-shaped whose sole (29) carries under its underside a central pad (30) by which the bucket support is supported on the slide (27), and by which the sliding of said support along the slide is facilitated, and each of the two wings (31) is crossed in its upper part by a horizontal pivot (32) which carries at its upper part each flank (48) of the bucket (22), so that said bucket is free to oscillate, relative to its support (28), around of the horizontal axis that constitute the two pivots (32) so that the oyster transported by the bucket (22) has its center of gravity placed below the vertical of this axis.

Pour l'entraînement des supports de godet (28) par l'intermédiaire des chaînes (24), on prévoit en partie basse et avant de chaque support (28), extérieurement à chacune de ses deux ailes (31), un doigt horizontal (33) qui simultanément constitue l'axe de liaison entre deux maillons (34) successifs d'une chaîne (24).For driving the bucket supports (28) via the chains (24), a horizontal finger (outside of each of its supports (28) is provided at the bottom and front of each support (28). 33) which simultaneously constitutes the connecting axis between two successive links (34) of a chain (24).

Ainsi chaque support (28) est entraîné en déplacement par ses deux doigts (33) pris entre les deux chaînes (24), en conservant simultanément une totale liberté de pivotement autour de l'axe horizontal que constituent les deux doigts (33).Thus each support (28) is driven in displacement by its two fingers (33) caught between the two chains (24), while simultaneously preserving complete freedom of pivoting around the horizontal axis that constitute the two fingers (33).

En résumé, les deux chaînes parallèles (24) entraînent tous les godets (22) dans un même mouvement de translation, chaque godet (22), libre d'osciller relativement à son support (28) autour de l'axe (32), étant entraîné par ledit support, dont il est solidaire, par l'axe (33) autour duquel le support (28) est aussi libre d'osciller, l'ensemble godet (22)-support de godet (28) glissant par son patin central (30) sur la glissière (27) centrée entre et sous les brins horizontaux supérieurs des deux chaînes (24).In summary, the two parallel chains (24) drive all the buckets (22) in the same translational movement, each bucket (22), free to oscillate relative to its support (28) around the axis (32), being driven by said support, of which it is integral, by the axis (33) around which the support (28) is also free to oscillate, the bucket assembly (22) - bucket support (28) sliding by its pad central (30) on the slide (27) centered between and under the upper horizontal strands of the two chains (24).

En début du convoyeur (21), après avoir reçu une huître délivrée par le transporteur (15), chaque godet (22) passe sur le plateau (35) d'un peson électrique (36) qui, préalablement taré, permet de mesurer le poids de l'huître à quelques grammes près. Ce plateau (35) est avantageusement disposé dans l'alignement de la glissière (27), dont il constitue l'une des portions.At the start of the conveyor (21), after having received an oyster delivered by the transporter (15), each bucket (22) passes over the plate (35) of an electric load cell (36) which, before taring, allows the measurement of the weight of the oyster to within a few grams. This plate (35) is advantageously arranged in alignment with the slide (27), of which it constitutes one of the portions.

Le poids de chaque huître est enregistrée dans une unité centrale (37) à mémoire qui, en outre, commande les divers éléments du poste de pesage (49), comme décrit ci-après.The weight of each oyster is recorded in a central memory unit (37) which, in addition, controls the various elements of the weighing station (49), as described below.

Lorsque l'huître a été pesée sur le plateau (35), et que la donnée "poids" a été saisie par l'unité centrale (37), un vérin (38), pneumatique, hydraulique ou électrique, provoque l'ouverture d'une trappe associée (39) qui rompt aussi la continuité de la glissière (27) sur laquelle glissent les supports de godet (28). Lorsqu'un support de godet (28) passe au dessus d'une trappe qui s'ouvre alors sous la commande de l'unité (37), il bascule par gravité autour de son axe (33) et le godet (22), qui lui-même bascule autour de son axe (32), laisse tomber l'huître qu'il transporte (Figure 4) sur un tapis transporteur transversal (40) qui évacue l'huître par le côté dans un récipient (41) de réception des huîtres, qui peut être un pochon, un sac ou un panier.When the oyster has been weighed on the pan (35), and the "weight" data has been entered by the central unit (37), a jack (38), pneumatic, hydraulic or electric, causes the opening of 'an associated hatch (39) which also breaks the continuity of the slide (27) on which the bucket supports (28) slide. When a bucket support (28) passes over a hatch which then opens under the control of the unit (37), it rocks by gravity around its axis (33) and the bucket (22), which itself swings around its axis (32), drops the oyster which it transports (Figure 4) on a transverse conveyor belt (40) which discharges the oyster from the side in a receptacle (41) oysters, which can be a pouch, a bag or a basket.

Au surplus, un détecteur de position (42) envoie vers l'unité centrale (37) un signal électrique de position de l'huître pesée. L'unité (37) traite alors simultanément les données "poids" et "position" des différentes huîtres alors en place sur le convoyeur (21) et elle provoque la manoeuvre des vérins (38) qui ouvrent les trappes (39) provoquant le basculement des godets (22) et la chute des huîtres en fonction de leur poids, c'est-à-dire de leur calibre. Le premier vérin (38a) (figure 1) correspond par exemple aux huîtres de calibre 1, le deuxième vérin (38b) aux huîtres de calibre 2, le troisième vérin (38c) aux huîtres de calibre 3, et ainsi de suite.In addition, a position detector (42) sends to the central unit (37) an electrical signal for the position of the weighed oyster. The unit (37) then simultaneously processes the “weight” and “position” data of the different oysters then in place on the conveyor (21) and it causes the actuators (38) which open the hatches (39) causing the tilting buckets (22) and the fall of the oysters according to their weight, that is to say their size. The first cylinder (38a) (Figure 1) corresponds for example to oysters of size 1, the second cylinder (38b) to oysters of size 2, the third cylinder (38c) to oysters of size 3, and so on.

En tous endroits voulus, les huîtres calibrées comme il vient d'être dit sont donc envoyées par gravité depuis les tapis transversaux (40) dans celui de leur récipient (41a, 41b, 41c) qui leur correspond au plan du calibrage.In all desired locations, the oysters calibrated as just said are therefore sent by gravity from the transverse belts (40) into that of their container (41a, 41b, 41c) which corresponds to them in the calibration plane.

Selon une autre caractéristique également avantageuse, l'ouverture de chaque récipient de réception des huîtres d'un même calibre est munie d'un volet (43) d'arrêt de déversement des huîtres dans le récipient (41) concerné. Ce volet permet d'arrêter le remplissage d'un récipient (41) lorsque le poids total des huîtres tombées dans celui-ci a atteint une valeur préalablement donnée et fixée à l'unité centrale (37). Pour la manoeuvre de chaque volet (43), on peut par exemple prévoir un vérin (44) dont la position de la tige (45) est commandée par l'unité (37). Ce dispositif permet à l'opérateur d'enlever le récipient (41) plein et de la remplacer par un récipient vide.According to another equally advantageous characteristic, the opening of each container for receiving oysters of the same size is provided with a flap (43) for stopping the oysters from spilling into the container (41) concerned. This component makes it possible to stop the filling of a container (41) when the total weight of the oysters dropped therein has reached a value previously given and fixed to the central unit (37). For the operation of each flap (43), one can for example provide a jack (44) whose position of the rod (45) is controlled by the unit (37). This device allows the operator to remove the full container (41) and replace it with an empty container.

Dans la description qui précède, il a été détaillé une installation comportant une seule ligne de manutention et de calibrage des huîtres. Il est bien clair toutefois que l'on pourrait prévoir une installation comportant plus d'une telle ligne de tri, les lignes de tri étant alors juxtaposées et s'étendant parallèlement l'une à l'autre, certains des éléments ci-dessus décrits pouvant au surplus être communs aux diverses lignes.In the foregoing description, an installation has been detailed comprising a single line for handling and calibrating oysters. It is quite clear, however, that an installation could be provided comprising more than one such sorting line, the sorting lines then being juxtaposed and extending parallel to each other, some of the elements described above. may also be common to the various lines.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée au mode de réalisation, non plus qu'au mode d'application, qui ont été décrits ; on pourrait au contraire concevoir diverses variantes sans sortir pour autant de son cadre.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment, nor to the mode of application, which have been described; on the contrary, we could conceive of various variants without departing from its framework.

Pour premier exemple, chacun des godets (22) équipant le convoyeur (21) est entraîné par les deux chaînes (24) par l'intermédiaire d'un support (128), métallique ou en matière plastique, en forme de cadre rectangulaire dont les grands côtés ou flancs (131) s'étendent parallèlement aux chaînes (24) d'entraînement, les bords inférieurs (131a) de ces flancs (131) constituant les patins permettant le glissement du support-cadre (128), et du godet (22) qu'il contient, sur deux glissières horizontales (27) qui s'étendent également parallèlement aux chaînes (24) d'entraînement.For the first example, each of the buckets (22) equipping the conveyor (21) is driven by the two chains (24) by means of a support (128), metallic or plastic, in the form of a rectangular frame whose long sides or sides (131) extend parallel to the drive chains (24), the lower edges (131a) of these sides (131) constituting the pads allowing the sliding of the frame support (128), and of the bucket ( 22) that it contains, on two horizontal slides (27) which also extend parallel to the drive chains (24).

Le support-cadre (128) est constitué exclusivement de ses quatre parois verticales, c'est-à-dire qu'il est creux et ouvert à sa base et à son sommet. Une fosse (23) sépare les deux glissières (27) pour permettre le libre passage du fond du godet (22), qui déborde largement en partie inférieure de son support (128).The frame support (128) consists exclusively of its four vertical walls, that is to say that it is hollow and open at its base and at its top. A pit (23) separates the two slides (27) to allow free passage of the bottom of the bucket (22), which extends well beyond the lower part of its support (128).

Légèrement sous le point de croisement de ses diagonales, chaque flanc (131) du support-cadre (128) est traversé par un pivot (32) horizontal que porte à sa partie supérieure chaque flanc (48) du godet (22) de sorte que ledit godet est libre d'osciller relativement au support-cadre (128), autour de l'axe horizontal que constituent les deux pivots (32), et que l'huître transportée par le godet (22) ait son centre de gravité placé sous la verticale de cet axe horizontal.Slightly below the crossing point of its diagonals, each flank (131) of the frame support (128) is crossed by a horizontal pivot (32) which each flank (48) of the bucket (22) carries at its upper part so that said bucket is free to oscillate relative to the frame support (128), around the horizontal axis which constitute the two pivots (32), and that the oyster transported by the bucket (22) has its center of gravity placed under the vertical of this horizontal axis.

L'entraînement de chaque support-cadre (128) est assuré par un axe (33) qui traverse ledit support-cadre et qui est pris à chacune de ses extrémités dans un évidement (54) défini par la liaison entre deux maillons (34) successifs d'une chaîne (24).The drive of each frame support (128) is provided by an axis (33) which passes through said frame support and which is taken at each of its ends in a recess (54) defined by the connection between two links (34) successive of a chain (24).

L'axe (33) traverse chaque flanc (131) du support-cadre (128) en pénétrant une lumière oblongue (50) pratiquée près de l'angle supérieur avant dudit flanc.The axis (33) passes through each flank (131) of the frame support (128) by penetrating an oblong lumen (50) formed near the upper front corner of said flank.

La lumière oblongue (50) s'étend essentiellement de manière verticale en ayant une largeur égale à environ une fois et demie le diamètre de l'axe (33) et une hauteur de l'ordre de deux fois et demie ledit diamètre de l'axe (33).The oblong lumen (50) extends essentially vertically by having a width equal to about one and a half times the diameter of the axis (33) and a height of the order of two and a half times said diameter of the axis (33).

Ainsi, les deux chaînes parallèles (24) entraînent tous les godets (22) dans un même mouvement de translation (23), chaque godet (22), libre d'osciller relativement à son support-cadre (128) autour de l'axe (32), étant entraîné par ledit support-cadre, dont il est solidaire, par l'axe (33) autour duquel le support-cadre (128) est aussi libre d'osciller, l'ensemble godet (22) - support-cadre (128) glissant sur les deux glissières (27) placées sous les patins latéraux (131a) dudit support (128).Thus, the two parallel chains (24) drive all the buckets (22) in the same translational movement (23), each bucket (22), free to oscillate relative to its frame support (128) around the axis (32), being driven by said frame support, of which it is integral, by the axis (33) around which the frame support (128) is also free to oscillate, the bucket assembly (22) - support- frame (128) sliding on the two slides (27) placed under the lateral pads (131a) of said support (128).

En début du convoyeur (21), après avoir reçu une huître délivrée par le transporteur (15), chaque godet (22) passe sur le plateau (35) du peson électrique (36) qui, préalablement taré, permet de mesurer le poids de l'huître à quelques grammes près.At the start of the conveyor (21), after having received an oyster delivered by the transporter (15), each bucket (22) passes over the plate (35) of the electric load cell (36) which, before taring, makes it possible to measure the weight of the oyster to within a few grams.

Ce plateau (35) est avantageusement disposé dans l'alignement des glissières (27), dont il constitue alors l'une des portions.This plate (35) is advantageously arranged in alignment with the slides (27), of which it then constitutes one of the portions.

De plus, pour éliminer les forces de frottement parasites qui risqueraient d'altérer toute mesure de poids au passage sur le plateau du peson, la liaison entre l'axe horizontal d'entraînement (33) de chaque support-cadre (128) et ledit support est assurée et complétée sur chaque flanc (131) dudit support-cadre par une barrette en plastique (51) qui permet une double articulation entre l'axe (33) d'entraînement du support (128) et ledit support (128).In addition, to eliminate the parasitic friction forces which would risk altering any measurement of weight when passing over the scale, the connection between the horizontal drive axis (33) of each frame support (128) and said support is provided and completed on each side (131) of said frame support by a plastic bar (51) which allows a double articulation between the axis (33) of the support drive (128) and said support (128).

Pour cela, la barrette (51) est terminée par deux renflements, respectivement (51a) et (51b), qui sont chacun percé d'un orifice traversé, le premier, par l'axe (33) et, le second, par un doigt (52) qui s'étend horizontalement et à l'extérieur du flanc (131). En pivotant librement autour de leurs axes (33) et (52), les deux barrettes latérales (51) permettent un entraînement du support-cadre (128) tout en éliminant les forces de frottement parasites entre l'axe d'entraînement (33) et le support-cadre (128).For this, the bar (51) is terminated by two bulges, respectively (51a) and (51b), which are each pierced with an orifice crossed, the first, by the axis (33) and, the second, by a finger (52) which extends horizontally and outside the sidewall (131). By pivoting freely around their axes (33) and (52), the two lateral bars (51) allow a drive of the frame support (128) while eliminating the parasitic friction forces between the drive axis (33) and the frame support (128).

Comme il a été vu précédemment, le poids de chaque huître mesuré par le peson (36) est enregistré dans l'unité centrale (37) à mémoire.As seen previously, the weight of each oyster measured by the weighing scale (36) is recorded in the central unit (37) with memory.

Pour second exemple de variante, lorsque l'huître a été pesée par le peson (36) et que la donnée "poids" a été saisie par l'unité centrale (37), un vérin électrique (55) dont la tige (56) est normalement rentrée provoque le basculement du godet (22) autour de son axe d'oscillation (32), permettant ainsi l'évacuation de l'huître qu'il contient dans une fosse (53) située entre les deux glissières (27) et sa récupération, soit dans une goulotte, soit par un tapis transporteur (40), qui déversera l'huître dans un pochon, un sac ou un panier, comme il a été vu précédemment.For a second example of a variant, when the oyster has been weighed by the load cell (36) and the "weight" datum has been entered by the central unit (37), an electric actuator (55) whose rod (56) is normally retracted causes the bucket (22) to tilt about its axis of oscillation (32), thus allowing the oyster it contains to be evacuated into a pit (53) located between the two slides (27) and its recovery, either in a chute, or by a conveyor belt (40), which will pour the oyster into a pouch, a bag or a basket, as has been seen previously.

Chaque récipient recevra ainsi des huîtres d'un même calibre.Each container will thus receive oysters of the same size.

Le basculement du godet (22) est obtenu à l'aide d'une languette (57) qui est montée contre un flanc (48) du godet, à l'intérieur de celui-ci, et qui est retenue contre ce flanc par l'axe (32) et une vis (58).The tilting of the bucket (22) is obtained by means of a tongue (57) which is mounted against a side (48) of the bucket, inside the latter, and which is retained against this side by the 'axis (32) and a screw (58).

Pour parvenir à ce basculement, la tige (56) du vérin (55), sur l'ordre de l'unité centrale (37), est sortie juste avant le passage de l'ensemble support (128) - godet (22) dont l'huître doit être évacuée, ladite tige provoquant alors la descente d'une butée (59) coudée à angle droit qui provoque le pivotement progressif de la languette (57) et par suite le pivotement du godet à laquelle cette languette est assujettie.To achieve this tilting, the rod (56) of the jack (55), on the order of the central unit (37), came out just before the passage of the support (128) - bucket (22) assembly the oyster must be evacuated, said rod then causing the descent of a stop (59) bent at a right angle which causes the progressive pivoting of the tongue (57) and consequently the pivoting of the bucket to which this tongue is subject.

Après déversement de l'huître, la tension du vérin (55) est coupée, la tige (56) dudit vérin remonte et l'électrobutée (59) bascule autour de son axe (60), comme il est indiqué par la flèche (61), sous l'effet du contrepoids (62).After the oyster has been spilled, the tension of the jack (55) is cut, the rod (56) of the jack goes up and the electrobut (59) rocks around its axis (60), as indicated by the arrow (61 ), under the effect of the counterweight (62).

La butée (59) ne fait ainsi plus barrage au passage des languettes (57) et ce ne sera ensuite que sur nouvelle instruction de l'unité centrale (37) et mise sous tension du vérin (55) que la butée sera de nouveau active lorsque l'huître contenue dans l'ensemble support-godet qui se présente a le calibre souhaité.The stop (59) thus no longer blocks the passage of the tongues (57) and it will then be only on new instruction from the central unit (37) and energization of the jack (55) that the stop will be active again. when the oyster contained in the support-bucket assembly which has the desired size.

Claims (16)

Installation pour la manutention et le calibrage d'articles, tels notamment des coquillages, et plus particulièrement des huîtres, comportant un poste d'entrée, un poste de pesée (49) et un poste de sortie, caractérisée en ce que le poste d'entrée comporte : des moyens, tel un rouleau (10), pour transporter les articles à l'unité; des moyens (1-2-5-6-8) pour délivrer les articles de façon sensiblement alignée à l'entrée dudit rouleau; un transporteur (15) prévu à la sortie du rouleau (10) pour recevoir successivement et à l'unité les articles provenant dudit rouleau; et des moyens (18, 19) pour commander dans le temps le passage unitaire des articles du rouleau (10) au transporteur (15).Installation for handling and calibrating articles, such as shellfish, and more particularly oysters, comprising an entry station, a weighing station (49) and an exit station, characterized in that the entry comprises: means, such as a roller (10), for transporting the articles individually; means (1-2-5-6-8) for delivering the articles substantially aligned to the inlet of said roller; a conveyor (15) provided at the outlet of the roller (10) for successively and individually receiving the articles coming from said roller; and means (18, 19) for controlling in time the unitary passage of the articles from the roller (10) to the conveyor (15). Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour délivrer les articles à l'unité à l'entrée du rouleau (10) sont du type gravitaire.Installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for delivering the articles to the unit at the inlet of the roller (10) are of the gravity type. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 et 2, caractérisée en ce que le transporteur (15) comporte des moyens (14) de support unitaire des articles, ces moyens étant du type à godet ou analogue.Installation according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the conveyor (15) comprises means (14) for unitary support of the articles, these means being of the bucket type or the like. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour commander dans le temps le passage unitaire des articles du rouleau (10) au transporteur (15) comportent: un détecteur (19) de la présence d'un article au voisinage de la sortie du rouleau (10) et des moyens (18) commandés par le détecteur (19) et agencés pour ne permettre le passage dudit article sur le transporteur (15) que suivant une cadence prédéterminée par rapport au passage de l'article précédent, en synchronisme avec la vitesse du transporteur (15).Installation according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the means for controlling over time the unitary passage of the articles from the roll (10) to the conveyor (15) comprise: a detector (19) of the presence of a article in the vicinity of the outlet of the roller (10) and means (18) controlled by the detector (19) and arranged to allow the passage of said article on the conveyor (15) only at a predetermined rate relative to the passage of the previous article, in synchronism with the speed of the conveyor (15). Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que les moyens commandés par le détecteur (19) sont constitués par un embrayage (18) commandant l'arrêt et la circulation du rouleau (10).Installation according to claim 4, characterized in that the means controlled by the detector (19) consist of a clutch (18) controlling the stopping and circulation of the roller (10). Installation selon l'une des revendications 4 et 5, caractérisée en ce que le détecteur (19) est du type à palpeur mécanique ou optique.Installation according to one of claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the detector (19) is of the type with mechanical or optical probe. Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que la périphérie du rouleau (10) est rugueuse et munie de dents (12).Installation according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the periphery of the roller (10) is rough and provided with teeth (12). Installation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que le poste de pesée (49) des articles est disposé à la sortie du transporteur (15) et en ce que ledit poste de pesée comporte: un plateau (35-36) de pesage unitaire des articles provenant du transporteur (15) ; des moyens à mémoire (37) pour mémoriser le poids des articles pesés successivement; des moyens convoyeurs (21) pour recevoir à l'unité les articles provenant du transporteur (15) et pour déplacer ces articles à l'unité jusqu'au plateau de pesage (35-36) ; des moyens éjecteurs (38, 39) commandés par les moyens à mémoire (37) pour diriger sélectivement chaque article présent sur les moyens convoyeurs (21) vers l'un d'une pluralité de récipients (41) en fonction de son poids.Installation according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the weighing station (49) of the articles is arranged at the outlet from the conveyor (15) and in that said weighing station comprises: a tray (35-36 ) unit weighing of articles from the transporter (15); memory means (37) for storing the weight of the articles weighed successively; conveyor means (21) for individually receiving the articles from the conveyor (15) and for moving these articles individually to the weighing pan (35-36); ejector means (38, 39) controlled by the memory means (37) for selectively directing each article present on the conveyor means (21) towards one of a plurality of containers (41) according to its weight. Installation selon la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que les moyens convoyeurs (21) pour recevoir à l'unité les articles provenant du transporteur (15) et pour déplacer ces articles à l'unité jusqu'au plateau de pesage (35-36) comprennent une pluralité d'ensembles godet (22)-support de godet (28) entraînés par un dispositif à chaînes (24) parallèles et disposées en boucles, chaque ensemble (22-28) reposant en outre sur une glissière (27) placée entre et sous les brins supérieurs des chaînes et le long de laquelle il se déplace lors de son entraînement par le dispositif (24).Installation according to claim 8, characterized in that the conveyor means (21) for individually receiving the articles coming from the conveyor (15) and for moving these articles individually to the weighing pan (35-36) comprise a plurality of bucket assemblies (22) - bucket support (28) driven by a chain device (24) parallel and arranged in loops, each assembly (22-28) further resting on a slide (27) placed between and under the upper strands of the chains and along which it moves during its drive by the device (24). Installation selon la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que le plateau de pesage (35-36) et certains des moyens éjecteurs (38, 39) sont des éléments de la glissière (27), dont ils rompent la continuité.Installation according to claim 9, characterized in that the weighing pan (35-36) and some of the ejector means (38, 39) are elements of the slide (27), the continuity of which they break. Installation selon les revendications 9 et 10, caractérisée en ce que les moyens éjecteurs (38, 39) comprennent une pluralité de trappes (39), associées chacune à un vérin (38), chaque vérin provoquant l'ouverture de sa trappe associée sous la commande de l'unité (37) lorsque l'ensemble godet (22)-support de godet (28) qui transporte l'article devant, de par son poids, être dirigé vers le récipient (41) associé audit vérin et à ladite trappe passe en surplomb de ladite trappe.Installation according to claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the ejector means (38, 39) comprise a plurality of hatches (39), each associated with a jack (38), each jack causing the opening of its associated hatch under the control of the unit (37) when the bucket (22) - bucket support (28) assembly which transports the article must, by its weight, be directed towards the container (41) associated with said jack and said hatch passes overhanging said hatch. Installation selon l'une des revendications 8 à 11, caractérisée en ce que la vitesse de déplacement des moyens convoyeurs (21) est en synchronisme avec celle du transporteur (15).Installation according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that the speed of movement of the conveyor means (21) is in synchronism with that of the conveyor (15). Installation selon l'une des revendications 9 à 12, caractérisée en ce que chaque ensemble godet (22)-support de godet (28) est fixé au dispositif à chaînes (24) qui l'entraîne par deux doigts horizontaux (33) prévus extérieurement en partie basse et avant de chaque support (28), chaque doigt (33) constituant simultanément l'axe de liaison entre deux maillons (34) successifs d'une chaîne (24) et lesdits deux doigts formant un axe horizontal autour duquel le support (28) est libre de pivoter.Installation according to one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that each bucket (22) - bucket support (28) assembly is fixed to the chain device (24) which drives it by two horizontal fingers (33) provided externally in the lower and front part of each support (28), each finger (33) simultaneously constituting the connecting axis between two successive links (34) of a chain (24) and said two fingers forming a horizontal axis around which the support (28) is free to pivot. Installation selon l'une des revendications 9 à 13, caractérisée en ce que chaque support de godet (28) est en forme de U, chacune des deux ailes (31) dudit support étant traversée en sa partie supérieure par un pivot (32) horizontal que porte à sa partie supérieure chaque flanc (48) du godet (22) associé audit support en sorte que ledit godet est libre d'osciller relativement à son support (28) autour de l'axe horizontal que constituent les deux pivots (32).Installation according to one of claims 9 to 13, characterized in that each bucket support (28) is U-shaped, each of the two wings (31) of said support being traversed in its upper part by a pivot (32) horizontal that carries at its upper part each side (48) of the bucket (22) associated with said support so that said bucket is free to oscillate relative to its support (28) around the horizontal axis that constitute the two pivots (32) . Installation selon l'une des revendications 8 à 14, caractérisée en ce que les moyens à mémoire (37) sont agencés pour totaliser les poids des articles pesés appartenant à une même catégorie et transportés jusqu'à un même support (41).Installation according to one of claims 8 to 14, characterized in that the memory means (37) are arranged to total the weights weighed items belonging to the same category and transported to the same support (41). Installation selon la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que les moyens à mémoire (37) sont agencés pour arrêter le déversement des articles dans un récipient (41) lorsque le poids total des articles déjà déversés dans ledit récipient atteint une valeur prédéterminée.Installation according to claim 15, characterized in that the memory means (37) are arranged to stop the spillage of the articles in a container (41) when the total weight of the articles already spilled in the said container reaches a predetermined value.
EP91402610A 1990-09-28 1991-09-30 Installation for handling and calibrating articles, especially shellfish and more particulary oysters Withdrawn EP0478467A1 (en)

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FR9011961 1990-09-28
FR9011961A FR2667300B1 (en) 1990-09-28 1990-09-28 INSTALLATION FOR THE HANDLING AND CALIBRATION OF ARTICLES, ESPECIALLY SHELLS, AND ESPECIALLY OYSTERS.

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042197A1 (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-10-01 Octa Technologies Pty. Ltd. A shell feeder apparatus
AU724869B2 (en) * 1997-03-21 2000-10-05 Octa Technologies Pty Ltd A shell feeder apparatus
FR2792555A1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2000-10-27 Sarl Hardouin Joel Machine for grading oysters has conveyor belt with position sensors to synchronise operation of weight sensors for grading
EP1353155A1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-15 Tuyauterie Chaudronnerie du Contentin S.A. Method and apparatus for continuous weighing of articles and corresponding installation for calibrating shellfish
FR3052149A1 (en) * 2016-06-02 2017-12-08 Bira PROCESS FOR PACKAGING SEAFOOD BY AN INDIVIDUAL WEIGHING OF EACH PRODUCT

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3645394A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-02-29 Goodale Mfg Co Inc Apparatus for sorting and grading cut flowers
FR2549395A1 (en) * 1983-07-22 1985-01-25 Pierre Daniel Separation and individual weighing of solid bodies (oysters, pieces of fruit, etc.)
GB2167211A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-05-21 British Cast Iron Res Ass Article recognition and handling system
DE3906084A1 (en) * 1988-03-01 1989-09-07 Kone Oy METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PARALLEL ALIGNING OF TIMBER

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3645394A (en) * 1970-09-21 1972-02-29 Goodale Mfg Co Inc Apparatus for sorting and grading cut flowers
FR2549395A1 (en) * 1983-07-22 1985-01-25 Pierre Daniel Separation and individual weighing of solid bodies (oysters, pieces of fruit, etc.)
GB2167211A (en) * 1984-10-18 1986-05-21 British Cast Iron Res Ass Article recognition and handling system
DE3906084A1 (en) * 1988-03-01 1989-09-07 Kone Oy METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PARALLEL ALIGNING OF TIMBER

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998042197A1 (en) * 1997-03-21 1998-10-01 Octa Technologies Pty. Ltd. A shell feeder apparatus
AU724869B2 (en) * 1997-03-21 2000-10-05 Octa Technologies Pty Ltd A shell feeder apparatus
FR2792555A1 (en) * 1999-04-20 2000-10-27 Sarl Hardouin Joel Machine for grading oysters has conveyor belt with position sensors to synchronise operation of weight sensors for grading
EP1353155A1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-15 Tuyauterie Chaudronnerie du Contentin S.A. Method and apparatus for continuous weighing of articles and corresponding installation for calibrating shellfish
FR2838515A1 (en) * 2002-04-11 2003-10-17 Tuyauterie Chaudronnerie Du Co METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WEIGHING CONTINUOUS ARTICLES, AND CORRESPONDING INSTALLATION FOR CALIBRATING SHELLS, ESPECIALLY OYSTERS
FR3052149A1 (en) * 2016-06-02 2017-12-08 Bira PROCESS FOR PACKAGING SEAFOOD BY AN INDIVIDUAL WEIGHING OF EACH PRODUCT

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Publication number Publication date
FR2667300A1 (en) 1992-04-03
FR2667300B1 (en) 1992-11-27

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