Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
  • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
  • A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
  • A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
  • A01G25/026—Apparatus or processes for fitting the drippers to the hoses or the pipes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
  • B26F—PERFORATING; PUNCHING; CUTTING-OUT; STAMPING-OUT; SEVERING BY MEANS OTHER THAN CUTTING
  • B26F1/00—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor
  • B26F1/0015—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor specially adapted for perforating tubes
  • B26F1/0061—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor specially adapted for perforating tubes whereby the tube moves axially or radially
  • B26F1/0069—Perforating; Punching; Cutting-out; Stamping-out; Apparatus therefor specially adapted for perforating tubes whereby the tube moves axially or radially and the tool travels with the tube
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
  • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/02—Preparation of the material, in the area to be joined, prior to joining or welding
  • B29C66/024—Thermal pre-treatments
  • B29C66/0242—Heating, or preheating, e.g. drying
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
  • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
  • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
  • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
  • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
  • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
  • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
  • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
  • B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
  • B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
  • B29C66/5324—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length
  • B29C66/53241—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles
  • B29C66/53242—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars said single elements being substantially annular, i.e. of finite length said articles being tubular and said substantially annular single elements being of finite length relative to the infinite length of said tubular articles said single elements being spouts, e.g. joining spouts to tubes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
  • B29C66/61—Joining from or joining on the inside
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
  • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
  • B29C65/14—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using wave energy, i.e. electromagnetic radiation, or particle radiation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
  • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
  • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
  • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
  • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
  • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
  • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
  • B29L2023/00—Tubular articles
  • B29L2023/22—Tubes or pipes, i.e. rigid
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
  • Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49428—Gas and water specific plumbing component making
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T29/00—Metal working
  • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
  • Y10T29/49826—Assembling or joining

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for the continuous production of an irrigation hose according to the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out this method according to claim 8.
• tubes which ent of the rows of plants are designed in length and are provided in * regular intervals with small openings from which water can escape dropwise, which is fed from a central supply of water in the hoses.
• valve elements for example, are arranged on the inside of a long hose below the openings, which drip elements are distributed over a wide pressure range. " Let a uniform amount of water pass through per unit of time. Such drip elements have a membrane which, depending on the water pressure, narrows a meandering passage more or less.
• the drip elements known from this document are welded to the inside of the hose. In order to improve the connection of the drip elements with the hose, this document provides for the hose to be thickened in the area of the drip elements.
• the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method and a device for the continuous production of an irrigation hose of the type specified in US Pat. No. 4,817,875, which enables simple, inexpensive and high-quality production of such an irrigation hose.
• the tube is perforated at regular intervals to produce inlet openings, that the tube is subsequently heated up again at least in the area of the perforations and that it is then connected to the heated perforation points, a drip element is pressed into the surface of the inner tube and connected to the inner tube.
• the inner hose and drip elements are then welded to an outer hose, into which outer outlet openings are finally made at the locations of the drip elements.
• An irrigation hose manufactured in this way is able to hold the introduced drip elements firmly and securely.
• By welding the drip elements both double safety against leakage is guaranteed on the inner hose as well as on the outer hose.
• the method according to the invention does not require any special design of a depression in the inner tube, since this depression is produced by the drip element even when it is applied to the inner tube. Tolerance problems are thus excluded.
• the perforation of the inner tube is preferably carried out at the points at which the drip elements are to be applied by means of a perforation stamp running at the speed of the tube.
• a perforation stamp running at the speed of the tube.
• at least the perforation point is heated by a heat radiator or hot air, two heat sources being provided in a special embodiment of the invention, which take over the heating of the perforation point in succession. Both heating sources move over a predetermined distance, preferably at the same speed as the inner hose.
• the perforation points can therefore be heated up to just before the location of the application of the drip elements to such an extent that when the trop elements, which are also preheated, are applied, the lower edge of the drip elements can be welded directly to the inner tube.
• an inner mandrel is provided in the interior of the inner tube, which is flat in the area of the location at which the drip elements are applied to the inner tube, corresponding to the plane of the edge of the 'drip elements in order to generate a compressive force between the pressed drip elements and the inner tube.
• the inner mandrel can have a recess in this area, into which the perforation punch can briefly enter after the inner tube has been pierced.
• the outer tube is preferably applied with the aid of a second crosshead with the use of a vacuum in order to ensure that the outer tube is well attached to the inside
• the method according to the invention and the associated device enable the production of an irrigation hose at speeds of up to more than 30 m per minute.
• the hose produced is insensitive to handling and can also be used under harsh operating conditions.
• Fig. 4 shows a cooling station and a further caterpillar take-off Fig. 5 a reel
• FIG. 6 is a side view of an inner mandrel
• Fig. 9 shows a longitudinal section through an irrigation hose.
• a device for producing an irrigation hose according to the invention is shown in Figures 1-5.
• the first part of the system in the process consists of a single-screw extruder 2, to which the tube material, in particular PE, is fed via an insertion funnel 8.
• the extruder 2 leads to a crosshead 3, which is followed by a vacuum calibration tank 4.
• the calibration tank 4 arranged on a frame 12 can be laterally displaced via rollers 11 and separated from the crosshead 3.
• Such a device for producing a smooth PE pipe is designed in a conventional manner.
• the extrusion produces a smooth, thin-walled PE pipe with a wall thickness of about 0.5 ⁇ p.
• This is drawn with a caterpillar haul-off 16 and the * Bank of Figure 2 - and supplied forier- point heater. 13.
• the caterpillar take-off essentially consists of belts 15 and 18 driven in opposite directions via a drive 14.
• the caterpillar take-off 16 connects to the vacuum calibration tank 4.
• the hose 31, which has already cooled down, is now fed to the perforating and point heating device 13.
• At the entrance of the treatment section there is a measuring roller 20 which detects the movement of the hose 31, in particular its speed.
• the perforating device which is not shown here.
• the perforating device has a lever arm, at the free end of which a needle is arranged, which can be guided at right angles to the hose via a parallel mechanism during the entire movement of the lever arm.
• the lever arm movement is synchronized with the withdrawal speed of the hose, so that the needle can enter the hose at right angles in the axial direction of the hose with almost no relative movement between the hose and the needle. Even with a high take-off speed of more than 30 m per minute, an exact perforation can take place in this way without interrupting the movement of the hose.
• the perforation cycle is adjustable and is derived from the measuring roller 20.
• the perforation distances are, for example, 50 cm.
• the hose is reheated in the area of the perforations.
• two heating sources 21 and 22 are provided, which are guided along a guide rod 23 parallel to the hose.
• the movement of the heating sources is effected via a drive 24.
• the speed of movement of the heating sources 21 and 22 is likewise derived from the measuring roller 20, so that the heating of the hose at the perforation points can take place without relative movement between the heating source and the hose.
• the second heating source 22 takes over the further heating of a perfo ration point, during which the heating source 21 accelerates back to the next perforation point and then heats it up along its movement path. Due to the successive heating of the hose at the perforation points by two heating sources 21 and 22, continuous heating is possible over the entire path of movement of the heating sources without the hose being cooled in between.
• the heating can take place both by radiant heat and by hot air.
• Hot air is preferably used.
• the dropper insert device 1 connects to the end of the heating section.
• the drip elements used are transferred from a storage container via a vibrating conveyor device 26 and a feed channel 25 to the dropper insertion device 1.
• a position detection system ensures that the individual droppers are fed to the withdrawable unit in the correct vertical orientation.
• the funding is preferably provided by means of a conveyor belt and an inclined plane.
• the dropper insert device takes the drip elements into a magazine with pneumatic transverse transport, which positions the dropper exactly over the hose on a heating mirror. This results in preheating of the drip elements.
• the tappet pushes the dropper from the heating mirror over an inclined plane onto the hose, so that the drip element sinks into the hose.
• an inner mandrel is used within the hose, which is flattened in the area of the application of the drip elements corresponding to the surface edge of the drip element. This inner mandrel is held by the extrusion head.
• the inner mandrel used also preferably has an elongated hole in the area of the perforating device, into which the needle of the perforating device can enter during perforation.
• the drip elements are pressed into the hose to such an extent that they only protrude about 0.5 - 1 mm at the apex of the hose.
• the hose 31 is pulled further via a caterpillar take-off 17 with two belts 28 and 29 moved in the same direction via a drive 27.
• the entire hose is passed through a heating station 19 which has a plurality of heating inserts 32.
• the inner tube is preheated to a temperature with which it can be introduced into a second extruder 5.
• the second extruder 5 shown in FIG. 5 also has a feed hopper 33 and a crosshead 6.
• the outer Hose around the inner hose emerging from the heating station 19 with the drip elements Vacuum calibration enables the outer jacket to be drawn on the inner tube particularly well and the slightly protruding drip elements to be shaped well.
• the crosshead has a seal to the rear, which enables the vacuum to be applied.
• a water bath 7 connects to the crosshead 6 in which the finished double hose is cooled.
• Another caterpillar take-off 34 ensures further transport.
• the outer tube is perforated by a drilling device in the middle above the drip element.
• a monitoring device 9 registers whether the hole has been drilled at the correct point and emits an error signal if too many or too few work cycles have taken place.
• a measuring and cutting device 10 cuts off the hose produced according to the set length.
• a double reel 35 with a layer winder winds up the hose.
• All process steps are preferably controlled and synchronized by a process computer.
• This process computer is freely programmable, so that the method can be easily adapted to changing requirements. This also enables extensive monitoring of the " quality of the introduction of the drip elements into the inner hose and its sheathing by the outer hose.
• Fig. 6 shows an inner mandrel, which serves to support the inner tube during the application of the drip elements to the tube.
• the inner mandrel is held by the extrusion head of the first extruder.
• the in- nendorn 36 On its top, the in- nendorn 36 on a flat, over which the top of the hose can slide with attached drip elements.
• the mandrel 36 In the area where the drip elements are placed on the inner tube, the mandrel 36 has lateral support plates 37, 43, of which the support plate 37 can be seen in FIG. 6.
• This support plate 37 has an elevated upper edge 40 in the area of the application of the drip elements, which serves for better molding of the inner tube, as is clearly shown in FIG. 8.
• the mandrel also has lateral pressure pieces 38 and 39 which are arranged in pairs and which alternately press outwards to one or the other side of the mandrel. These thrust pieces are spring-loaded and support the inner hose.
• Fig. 7 shows a mandrel of Fig. 6 in supervision. It is clearly shown that the pressure pieces 38 and 39 are directed laterally across the mandrel. The glide path 42 begins shortly before the point at which the drip elements are placed on the inner tube and extends to the end of the mandrel.
• the inner mandrel has a recess 41 into which the needle of the perforation device can be inserted.
• FIG 8 shows the cross-sectional view of a finished piece of hose in the area of a drip element.
• the inner tube 44 is welded to the outer tube 45 almost over the entire circumference.
• a drip element 48 between the inner hose 44 and the outer hose 45.
• the number 50 denotes the opening of the inner hose punched through the perforation device.
• the outer tube also has an opening, which is indicated by the number 51.
• the drip element is designed in a manner known per se, and in particular has a membrane 49 which effects a pressure regulation of the water passing through the opening 50, the drip element 48 and the outer opening 51.
• the inner mandrel 36 has been drawn in FIG. 8 to illustrate the manner in which the drip element 48 is applied to the inner tube 44.
• the inner tube 44 is formed around the support plates 37 and 43. 8 shows, however, shortened support plates 37 and 43, which are provided outside the area where the drip elements are applied, in order to reduce the overall friction of the mandrel in the interior of the hose.
• pressure pieces 38 and 39 which have pressure balls 46 and 47 at their ends, which press laterally against the inner hose.
• This arrangement is shown in FIG. 8 only for clarification, while it is actually located at a point on the inner mandrel at which no outer hose has yet been drawn onto the inner hose.
• the support plates 37 and 43 and the pressure pieces 38 and 39 in connection with the pressure balls 46 and 47 make it possible for the inner hose to lie particularly well against the drip elements 48 and thus enable the inner hose 44 and the drip element 48 to be welded over a large area . This greatly increases the security against leakage losses. - 13 -
• FIG. 9 shows a tube section in the area of a drip element in a cross-sectional view.
• the drip element 48 is welded to the inner tube 44 and the outer tube 45 at all edges.
• the passage of the water from the hose to the outside takes place via the opening 50, the interior of the drip element 48 with the membrane 49, which serves to regulate the pressure, and the outer opening 51.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Soil Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Environmental Sciences (AREA)
• Forests & Forestry (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
• Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=6402727

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (6)

Families Citing this family (5)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1990
  • 1990-03-21 DE DE4009061A patent/DE4009061A1/de active Granted
• 1991
  • 1991-03-15 DE DE91DE9100228T patent/DE4190623D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-03-15 AU AU74429/91A patent/AU7442991A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1991-03-15 WO PCT/DE1991/000228 patent/WO1991014549A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1991-03-15 EP EP91905114A patent/EP0473741A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1991-03-15 US US07/778,883 patent/US5255434A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1991-03-19 IL IL9759191A patent/IL97591A/en not_active IP Right Cessation

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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