EP0469008A1

EP0469008A1 - A wall.

Info

Publication number: EP0469008A1
Application number: EP90906117A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Rolf Hoelzer
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1989-04-22
Filing date: 1990-04-19
Publication date: 1992-02-05
Anticipated expiration: 2010-04-19
Also published as: DE3913335A1; DE59002401D1; EP0469008B1; AU5427890A; WO1990012927A1

Abstract

Un mur (10) de soutènement d'escarpements comprend des éléments en auge (12) dont les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) sont pourvues de rainures verticales d'accrochage (30.1, 30.2) dans lesquelles sont insérées des chevilles d'accrochage (33) de poutres d'encerclement (14) fabriquées séparément. Des bandes (15) d'un tissu minéral enroulées autour des poutres d'encerclement (14) s'étendent horizontalement en arrière, pénétrant dans le sol. Des éléments en auge supplémentaires (12.2) sont posés sur les parois latérales (22.1, 22.2) d'éléments en auge séparés par des écartements intermédiaires (24). Des poutres (16) de support dans le sol peuvent être posées sous ces éléments en auge supplémentaires, derrière ceux-ci. Des poutres supérieures de recouvrement (17) peuvent comprendre des branches de soutènement (69).An escarpment retaining wall (10) comprises trough elements (12), the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of which are provided with vertical hooking grooves (30.1, 30.2) in which are inserted hooking pegs ( 33) of surrounding beams (14) manufactured separately. Strips (15) of a mineral fabric wrapped around the encircling beams (14) extend horizontally backwards, penetrating the ground. Additional trough elements (12.2) are placed on the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of trough elements separated by intermediate spacings (24). Ground support beams (16) can be placed under these additional trough elements, behind them. Upper covering beams (17) may include supporting branches (69).

Description

Name: Wall Description:

The invention relates to a wall made of reinforced

Precast concrete parts with anchoring on the back with the aid of rot-proof geotextile webs, which are designed as white-flexible holding webs and which are compatible with the

Precast concrete parts are connected by wrapping. Such walls are needed. when larger eroreior areas have to be filled up and a very steep boundary is required for reasons of space, which no longer detonates from the angles of repose of the earth material. This is often the case with residential and commercial properties, in which peripheral areas of property are later filled. For such purposes, small retaining walls are usually built from trough elements. A solution according to DE-A1 3530049 shows trough elements designed in a certain way, which are anchored in the soil compacted behind the slope stone by a geotextile sheet laid around the rear wall. This solution, which was previously only used for small heights, small forces and small structures, does not meet the requirements that are required, for example, when building traffic routes and high, distributed embankments. If you are on a

existing, with usual embankment embankment wants to build a wider road without further land consumption, you can make the embankments correspondingly steeper by installing soft, flexible holding tracks, which are referred to as geotextile tracks. The layers of earth between the individual layers of the geotextile must be secured against slipping. This is already

proposed (DE-A1 3532641) to move a geotextile web in its front end region and thereby

To form bulk material cells. With these

Bulk material cells can also be the stem

various types of precast concrete can be connected. Such solutions are for large-scale use in Verkenrswegebat for various reasons not yet

have been used because these also require considerable expenditure in processing, especially since the

Bulk cells only in very careful manual

Small work can be made. In addition, when using earth material for training the

Geotextile webs wrapped around the outer beads of a DZW upholstery wall. when using this construction

Connection with pre-shielded precast concrete parts during installation and especially also in the long term

After compaction or repositioning, larger movements in the horizontal and vertical directions are to be expected, which have a disadvantageous effect on the travel routes - rail or road. Solutions with non-dimensionally stable components do not meet today's needs in traffic route construction, especially when widening existing road embankments, where the existing embankment foot must not change and the planting of the embankment area in front of the distributed embankment area should also be preserved.

The invention has for its object to propose a construction for supporting structures that meet the needs in the construction of traffic routes even at great heights and high loads from earth pressure and traffic loads, with a good compression of the bulk material should be made possible to largely later settling to exclude. According to the invention, the following features are pre-envisaged - which form the front side of the prefabricated concrete parts as one piece, at least to the rear and top

partially, open trough elements formed;

- The side walls of the trough elements have hanging grooves open on the inside;

- Each trough element is at least one horizontal, parallel to the front wall, with its ends in the

Hooking grooves engaging, provided as a reinforced concrete beam wrapping beam provided;

- only the wrap bars are from the

Wrapped in geotextile;

- The openings from the top and back of the

Trough elements extend at least in the

Entry area of the wrap bar and in

Export area of the geotextile.

The division of the essential wall components into two separate, easily assembled prefabricated concrete parts and the wrapping of an initially loose concrete beam with the respective geotextile sheet result in opposite

annular elements great advantages. The large trough elements, which are open in wide areas, can be easily formworked, formwork and concreted and have great stability even in longer lengths of more than 2.50 m, so that they can be transported, easily moved, aligned and with those that are attached, preferably with the

Wrapping beams provided with geotextile are dimensionally stable connected to advertise. The wrapping beam can be given the shapes suitable for hanging and embedding the geotextile banners according to the respective needs. When moving, you can insert the fill at the bottom below the beam and compact it perfectly, without the trough elements and

Move the wrap bar so that the geotextile can then be inserted, spread and tensioned properly and then the other layers of the earth without

Applying, installing and compressing damage to the geotextile webs, the loop beam and possibly other components in turn acting as a stop for the

Serve to limit the next layer of earth.

The geotextile webs can be led straight out without having to be deflected at sharp edges. This can significantly increase the risk of damage

be reduced and the bearing surfaces of the

Geotextile webs can be compacted perfectly beforehand in order to largely rule out later settlement.

The openings in the back and top allow the wrapping beams and the geotextile sheets, which are already from the concrete plant to the

Drawbars can be raised.

Areas with a trough element and wrap bar expediently change to adjacent areas without this training, but into which after

advantageous development of the invention on the back Earth beams can be inserted so that large honing is available without interruption through inserted geotextile sheets for the installation of the bulk material. The front area of the trough can contain humus

Topsoil material that is poured loose and optimal conditions for the later permanent

Greening offers. By inserting separate beams, the beams can be positioned at favorable locations in the trough without causing any difficulties in production and so one can create relatively light trough elements for the large-scale conditions, which nevertheless meet all security requirements.

Front wall and side walls as well as bottom wall can

Stability needs and the accommodation of the desired floor material accordingly

different inclinations and lengths can be designed according to the sub-claims.

If you form the wrap bar in cross-section approximately triangular with rounded edges, you can form a hem flap on the front of the geotextile web and still get kink-free removal of the geotextile web on one level, which is the processing and

Strength conditions of the entire structure is particularly good, because you are not at a distance corresponding to the height of the beam to one below Geotextile the upper loop part in the

Bulk material needs to be secured. This avoids small dumping heights and the use of only

small-grained, narrowly graded ero material, as is required for geotextile sheets laid with a low abstano. It is particularly advantageous if the

Cross-section of the wrap bar as a right-angled triangle with a long catheter lying approximately at the level of the inner surface of the base wall of the trough element, because the layers of bulk material to be compacted are then supported on the bottom walls of the trough elements and the geotextile webs can be spread out directly above them.

If, according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, preferably in recesses in the rear upper corners of the side walls of the trough elements, earth bars are inserted through the intermediate areas immediately below the bottom walls of the trough elements to be placed above them, a high rear boundary is created, at which this becomes apparent compressing bulk material so that a

Favorable course of the embankment occurs up to the front upper edge of the next lower loop beam.

Further details, advantages, features and aspects of the invention are also dealt with in the further claims and the following, with reference to the drawings

Description part treated. An embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings.

Show it:

Fig. 1 is a partially schematic oblique view of

Partial areas of precast concrete

formed wall, back-anchored with geotextile membranes, whereby the earth material is not shown, two fields are complete in the lower area and the two adjacent fields are partially shown, the area to the exposed prefabricated concrete parts is omitted for clarity and in the upper part the precast concrete parts for an upper end the wall are shown.

Fig. 2 shows a vertical section through the wall along the

Line 2-2 in Figs. 3 and 4

Fig. 3 is a front view of a portion of a wall and

Fig. 4 shows the top view of the partial area of the wall

Fig. 3 The structure of the wall can be seen in particular from FIGS. 1 and 2 above, only the supporting and supporting parts without gas soil, the compacted bulk materials and the planting materials being shown here.

Such a wall 10 is erected on foundations 11 made in the usual manner at the bottom and is filled in layers with the earth material. Trough elements 12, UmscniingungsbaiKen 14, Geotextilbahnen 15, Erdbalken 16 and connecting beam 17 are used.

The trough elements 12 have a bottom wall 20, a front wall 21 which is inclined outwards at the front, and a liner

Side wall 22.1 and a right side wall 22.2. They have a length of 23. The Funcamente 11 only need a length corresponding to the length 23 of the individual

Trough elements 12 and a sufficient depth to be introduced into the ground because the intermediate areas 24 - as can be seen particularly well from FIG. 1 - are filled with earth material and the contact of the earth material with the grown soil also remains directly in front.

The bottom wall 20 has a depth 25 which is a few dm,

is, for example, approximately 0.6 m if the length 23 is approximately 3 m. The height 26 of the side walls, calculated from the base and support surface 27 of the trough element 12, is advantageously approximately 0.60 m. The trough elements are manufactured as one-piece precast concrete parts with steel reinforcement and are shaped in the required manner so that they can be easily poured and removed from the mold in manageable forms. An angle 28 is formed between the bottom wall 20 and the front wall 12, which is approximately 100 °, which is useful for accommodating sufficient potting soil and favorable planting, as well as a suitable inclination of the plant soil and a favorable front view. The side walls 22.1 and 22.2 are integrally connected to the front wall 21 and the bottom wall 20, so that there is a stable, torsion-resistant trough. The side walls have a thickness 31, which results in the front and central area from the loads occurring and in the rear area from the size of the required

Angling between the individual components of the wall 10 results if the individual trough elements 12 are set up polygonally according to the curvature of the traffic route.

As can be seen, the side walls 22.1 and 22.2 each have an upwardly open hook-in groove 30.1 and 30.2. These lie - as in particular from FIG. 2

can be seen - approximately in the middle of the bottom wall 20 and have a width 32 which corresponds to the thickness of the suspension pin 33 of the loop beam 14. they are

embedded at right angles to the bottom wall 20 and to the inner surfaces 34 of the side wall 22.1 or 22.2, the depth 35 being dimensioned such that the contact surface areas where the forces between the wrapping beam 14 and the trough walls support each other in the event of ellen loads. The side walls 22.1 and 22.2 are each provided with a bevel 38 in their front area from the upper support surface 36 to the upper edge 37 of the front wall 12, which corresponds approximately to the course of the surface of the planting soil. The side walls 22.1 and 22.2 are each provided in the region of their rear upper corner 39 with an insertion recess 40 which has a support surface 41 of width 42 and a front support surface 43 of height 44 and which in the exemplary embodiment is at right angles with a horizontal one

Aufiagefläcne 41 and vertical support surface 43 is designed. As can be seen from the figures, the earth bars 16 are loosely inserted into these insertion recesses 40.

The wrap bar 14 has an overall length 46, which corresponds to the inner spacing of the groove base walls 49 of the hanging grooves 30.1 and 30.2. It has a profile 50 of approximately the shape of a cross-section over the part of the inner surfaces 34 between the inner walls 34.1 and 22.2

right triangle, the long catheter 52 approximately horizontal, the short catheter 53 vertical and the

Hypotenuse 54 lie at an angle. The corners of the triangle or the edges of the wrap bar 14 are rounded off with radii 55. The design is such that, owing to the design of the hanging grooves 30.1 and 30.2 with a groove bottom 56 at a short distance from the inside surface 57 of the wall 20 of the looping straps 14 is at a short distance of a few mm from the inner surface 57. At its two ends it has the mounting pegs 33, the width of which corresponds to the width 32 of the mounting grooves 30.1 and 30.2 with corresponding mounting play, so that the rear vertical contact surfaces 60 lie well against the wall walls 61 and can transmit the holding forces.

As can be seen from the drawings, the

Wrapping bar 14 from geotextile webs 15

entwined. It will be appropriate for each

Wrapping bar 14 uses two geotextile strips 15.1. These are equipped with front hem flaps 65 for the wrap bar 14. The hem flap 65 can be formed by a seam 67 or by double laying.

The earth beam 16 is a rectangular prismatic reinforced concrete beam with approximately the cross-sectional dimensions of the

Insert recess 40 formed as shown in the drawings. The end bar 17 fits into the same

Insert recesses 40, however, has a small horizontal leg 66 and a front as the bottom wall

Earth support leg 69.

The installation of the precast concrete elements and the construction of the wall proceed as follows. if the foundations 11 have a corresponding size,

appropriate distance and corresponding sales in

Gelänoe are poured and hardened, the bottom trough elements 12.1 are placed on them without teeth. The trough elements 12 already contain the inserted wrap bars 14 from the manufacture

Wrapping bars 14 are useful already with the

Geotextile webs 15 provided. As can be seen from FIG. 1 above, these can be formed in the form of two geotextile spell tires 15.1 lying side by side. They are led around the respective wrapping beam 14 and unconditionally sewn or loosely laid around in the seam 67 and expediently lie in the trough element 12. If some of the bottom trough elements 12.1 are laid next to one another with the spacing or intermediate areas 24 so that above the

Between the intermediate area 24 a further trough element 12.2 can be placed on the support surfaces 36 of the side walls 22.1 and 22.2 at a distance from each other trough elements 12, the first position of the to be compressed

Bulk material filled up to the level of the inner surfaces 57 of the bottom wall 20 and compacted. Then the geotextile spans 15, which have a sufficient length for anchoring, are ejected on this first compacted bulk material layer and correspondingly secured against displacement, for example with nails. The upper part 15.2 of the geotextile web can also be immediately designed to be smooth because the wrap bar 14 is a corner with a rear edge with rounded edges habenoes drelecκsorofil. Now weroer the

Earth beams 16 from side wall 22.2 to side wall 22.1 benaonDarter trough elements 12 are inserted into the insertion recesses 40 and the trough elements 12.2 to be placed over them are placed, as can be seen from FIG. 1. Now, on the geotextile webs 15, 15.1 and 15.2, up to the height of the inner surfaces 57 of the bottom walls 20 or trough elements 12.2 of the bulk material to be compressed, which are to be compressed, can be introduced and compressed in a scanner if necessary. Bulk materials with larger constituents can also be used and only need it in the area of

Geotextiloannen debris material to be introduced with finer grain. It is spoiled accordingly, the bulk material being able to be properly supported on the wrap bars 14 of one of the fields and only slightly higher, but each slightly offset behind the earth bars 16 of the other fields and the back surfaces 62 of the bottom walls 20 of the upper trough elements 12.2 during compaction . Here, a slope angle is automatically set, which is defined by the connecting line 70 between the front upper edge of the bottom

Umbingungsbalkens 14 and the rear lower edge of the overlying earth beam 16 ausbiltdet and the

corresponds to the natural slope angle of the commonly used, compacted bulk goods, without having to move forward into the planting area 71 of compacted earth materials

leak essential components. If the corresponding horizontal layer is sufficiently compacted, the Geotextile webs 15 of the next floor can be spread out, secured and covered in the manner described above with difficulty. This means that geotextile sheets can quickly be inserted without any threading through any contactor in the back of components or wraps around solid part walls of troughs and without the introduction of bulk material

Recording rooms of geotextile membranes allow the construction of the wall 10. The wall 10 is secured by the geotextile webs 15 against evacuation after the front, slight displacements of the support areas being possible. Likewise, minor subsidence of the foundations does not in any way impair the stability of the wall construction. The wall 10 can follow the usual curves in accordance with sensibly laid polygonal trains, since it is built up from many individual prefabricated concrete parts, although these can be of relatively large dimensions, with the rear widening of the side walls at all

occurring bends ensure adequate support of the higher troughs. The components can be as large as possible for a sensible transport

Dimensions well made and easy to install. The components are easy to manufacture, easy to transport and to move, and ensure the permanent construction of steep walls and thus steep slope protection. The summary printed below is part of the disclosure of the invention:

The wall (10) for steep slopes consists of

Trough elements (12), the side walls (22.1, 22.2)

have vertical hook-in grooves (30.1, 30.2) into which the hook-in pins (33) are made separately

Wrapping bars (14) are inserted. To the

Wrapping bars (14) are placed geotextile webs (15) which are led out approximately horizontally backwards into the ground. On the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of spaced areas (24)

Trough elements (12.1) become additional ones

Trough elements (12.2) attached. Earth beams (16) can be inserted under these at the rear. Upper end beams (17) can have earth support legs (69).

Reference symbol list:

10 wall 50 profile

11 foundation 52 long cathete

12 trough element 53 short cathete

12.1 "54 hypotenuse

12.2 "55 radius

14 looping alkene 56 groove base

15 geotextile membrane 57 inner surface

15.1 "strip 60 contact surface

15.2 "part 61 groove wall

16 earth bars 62 back surface

17 A connection bar 65

20 bottom wall hem flap

21 front wall 67 seam

22.1 left side wall 68 horizontal leg

22.2 Right side wall 69 Earth support leg

23 Length 70 connecting line

24 intermediate area 71 planting areas

25 depth

26 height

27 base and contact surface

28 angles

30.1 Hook-in groove

30.2 "

31 thickness

32 width

33 hooks

34 inner surface

35 depth

36 contact surface

37 top edge

38 AD bevel

39 upper corner

40 insert recess

41 support sheet

42 width

43 support surfaces

44 sounds

46 total length of 14

49 groove base wall

Claims

Expectations :

1 .

Wall made of reinforced concrete prefabricated parts with rear

Anchoring with the help of rot-proof, as

soft-flexible holding tracks designed geotextile tracks, which are connected to the precast concrete elements by wrapping,

marked by

following features:

- The precast concrete parts forming the front are formed as one-piece, nacn rear and top at least partially, open trough elements (12);

- The side walls (22.1, 22.2) of the trough elements (12) have hanging grooves (30.1, 30.2) which are open on the inside;

- per trough element (12) is at least one horizontal,

parallel to the front wall (21), with its

Ends (33) into the hook-in grooves (30.1, 30.2)

engaging wrapping beam (14) provided as a reinforced concrete beam;

- Only the wrap bar (14) are from the

Looped geotextile sheets (15);

- The openings from the top and back of the

Trough elements (12) extend at least in the

Insertion area of the wrap bar (14) and in

Execution area of the geotextile (15).

2. Wall according to claim 1,

characterized ,

aaß the wrap bar (14) in cross section has a triangular profile (50) with rounded edges (55).

3. Wall according to claim 2,

characterized ,

that the cross-section (50) is approximately rectangular

Triangle with an approximately horizontal bottom

Catheter (52) and the wrap bar (14) only around what is required for the geotextile web (15)

Match (56/57) or the inner surface (57) of the

Bottom wall (20) of the trough element (12).

4. Wall according to at least one of the previous claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

that the wrap bar (14) at its ends hinge pin (33) with rear vertical

Has contact surfaces (60).

5. Wall according to at least one of the other claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

that between the side walls (22.1, 22.2)

spaced trough elements (12) separately manufactured earth beams (16) are inserted.

6th wall after one of the first Ansorücne,

characterized ,

that the earth beams (16) are rectangular prismatic and the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of the

Have trough elements (12) in the rear upper corners (39) insert recesses (40), the size of which corresponds approximately to the cross section of the earth beams (16).

7. Wall according to at least one of the other claims,

characterized ,

that the trough elements (12) have flat bottom walls (20) and essentially vertically standing molded side walls (22.1, 22.2) and front walls (21) which are inclined upwards outwards.

8. Wall according to at least one of the other claims,

characterized ,

that the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of the trough elements (12) are wider at the rear than at the front.

9. Wall according to at least one of the other claims, d a d u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

that the bottom walls (20) of the trough elements (12) extend at least over part of the depth (25) of the side walls (22.1, 22.2).

10. Wall according to at least one of the previous claims, c a o u r c h g e k e n n z e i c h n e t,

that the bottom walls (20) over the entire

Extend depth (25) of the side walls (22.1, 22.2).

11. Wall according to at least one of the other claims,

characterized ,

that the geotextile (15) one

Wrapping bar (14) wrapping around

has prefabricated hem flap (65).

12. Wall according to at least one of the other claims,

characterized ,

that the uppermost earth beams are designed as end beams (17) in such a way that they each have a short bottom wall part lying over the side walls (22.1, 22.2) of the trough elements (12) as a horizontal leg (68) and an upstanding earth support leg (69 which is inclined outward at the front at the top ) exhibit.