EP0079880B1 - Retaining structure - Google Patents

Retaining structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0079880B1
EP0079880B1 EP82890167A EP82890167A EP0079880B1 EP 0079880 B1 EP0079880 B1 EP 0079880B1 EP 82890167 A EP82890167 A EP 82890167A EP 82890167 A EP82890167 A EP 82890167A EP 0079880 B1 EP0079880 B1 EP 0079880B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support structure
anchoring members
finished parts
structure according
filling
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82890167A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0079880A3 (en
EP0079880A2 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Dr. Schwarz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ebenseer Betonwerke Te Wenen GmbH
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Schwarz Gerhard Dipl-Ing Dr
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Priority claimed from AT248279A external-priority patent/AT362234B/en
Priority claimed from AT487681A external-priority patent/AT380288B/en
Application filed by Schwarz Gerhard Dipl-Ing Dr filed Critical Schwarz Gerhard Dipl-Ing Dr
Publication of EP0079880A2 publication Critical patent/EP0079880A2/en
Publication of EP0079880A3 publication Critical patent/EP0079880A3/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0225—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill
    • E02D29/0233—Retaining or protecting walls comprising retention means in the backfill the retention means being anchors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a supporting structure consisting of anchoring members arranged on at least one outside of the building, which come to the face and come with a backfill covering the backfill, and from these prefabricated parts in the form of closed loops which extend essentially horizontally into the backfill to form an anchor.
  • Such support structures are known from DE-A-2 805 096.
  • the loop-shaped anchoring members either enclose the finished parts or they are embedded therein, the prefabricated parts or the like in this case for guiding and holding the anchoring members. have positive brackets.
  • the object of the invention is first of all to design the prefabricated parts used for such supporting structures in such a way that they simplify and facilitate the laying of the anchoring elements and ensure that only visible surfaces of the prefabricated parts, but no anchoring elements themselves, are exposed on the air side of the structure, the latter being good Protected, invisible and fully shielded from the prefabricated parts, only run inside the building. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to use the anchoring members to ensure that the structure is constantly and effectively drained, thereby reducing the risk of slipping.
  • anchoring members which are laid in a pourable, preferably granular, or in a solid, water-conductive material forming a strand, each wrap around a component of each prefabricated part facing the backfill and arranged behind the visible surface.
  • curved shells can be provided, which are likewise wrapped around by the anchoring members, or it can be on the opposite outside of the structure, e.g. a dam, wall or the like, prefabricated parts laid as an anchor.
  • the finished parts are designed in the form of boxes open at the top and on their longitudinal side directed against the backfill, and are designed in the floor area with upwardly projecting parts which are wrapped around by the anchoring members.
  • This design of the prefabricated parts makes it possible to integrate the prefabricated loops in each backfill layer particularly easily into the prefabricated groups of prefabricated parts, the visible surfaces of these prefabricated parts remaining completely unaffected by these anchoring members.
  • Figures 1 to 3 show different structures in which the prefabricated parts 1 embody a closed visible surface of the backfill material 6.
  • the anchoring members 2 are each loosely guided in the form of circumferentially closed loops around a round-shaped component 1 ′ of each prefabricated part 1 facing the backfill 6, arranged behind the visible surface, and around anchors 4 embedded in the backfill material 6.
  • anchoring members 2 can be anchored to only one prefabricated part 1, but also several, e.g. Wrap around groups or pairs of such finished parts, as indicated by dashed lines.
  • the individual prefabricated parts 1 can also be looped around by several anchoring members 2.
  • the anchors 4 provided for anchoring the anchoring members 2 in the backfill 6 can in principle be of any design, e.g. also consist of prefabricated concrete parts, which are wrapped by the anchoring members 2, remain invisible and can therefore be arranged in any shape, size and number, because they only serve the purpose of holding the anchoring members 2 in the backfill material.
  • Fig. 2 shows C-shaped precast concrete parts 1, in which the legs facing the backfill 6 lie directly on top of each other and thus embody a closed, erosion-proof cover of the backfill 6 together with the webs facing the visible surface.
  • the anchoring members 2 can easily be anchored to the protrusions 1 'of the legs projecting into the backfill 6 by looping these protrusions 1'.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in contrast, angularly profiled prefabricated parts 1, the vertically upright legs of which are spaced apart from one another in the horizontal plane, which can be bridged, for example, with plates 10, mats, nonwovens or coarse fillings, in order to achieve a desirable closed armoring of the backfill material 6.
  • the lying legs of these angular prefabricated parts 1 serve as in turn for fastening the anchoring members 2 by means of the projections 1 '.
  • the anchors 4 used to anchor the anchoring members 2 are arranged inside the building against erosion, but also against other dangers, such as, for example, also against willful damage.
  • the external prefabricated parts 1 are designed in the form of elongated boxes which are open on both sides and with components 1 'projecting upwards from the ground, which are wrapped around by the anchoring members 2.
  • the anchors 4 embedded in the backfill material 6 for the loop-shaped anchoring members 2 consist of curved shells.
  • the prefabricated parts 1 lie in a chessboard-like manner with their end faces on top of each other and their position can also be varied as desired in the transverse direction of the building and can be adapted to different slopes.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pair of associated prefabricated parts 1 which are designed in mirror image, each of which carries half of a semicircular profiled projection 1 '. If these prefabricated parts 1 are laid in a mirror-image arrangement, as shown in FIG. 6, the projections 1 ′ complement each other as shown and can be looped around by the anchoring member 2. Thanks to their design, these prefabricated parts 1 can be manufactured in a particularly efficient manner, it also being possible to provide recesses 1 "in the upright legs of these angularly profiled prefabricated parts 1", in which - as FIG. 7 shows in a front view of the building - the backfill material 6 advantageously emerged and can be covered with vegetation.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Stützbauwerk, bestehend aus an zumindest einer Bauwerksaussenseite angeordneten, an deren Sichtfläche zutagetretenden, eine Hinterfüllung verkleidenden Betonfertigteilen und aus an diesen Fertigteilen in Form umfanggeschlossener Schlaufen geführten, sich im wesentlichen horizontal in die Hinterfüllung zu einem Anker erstreckenden Verankerungsgliedern.The invention relates to a supporting structure consisting of anchoring members arranged on at least one outside of the building, which come to the face and come with a backfill covering the backfill, and from these prefabricated parts in the form of closed loops which extend essentially horizontally into the backfill to form an anchor.

Solche Stützbauwerke sind aus der DE-A-2 805 096 bekannt. Bei diesen vorbekannten Bauwerken schliessen die schlaufenförmig geführten Verankerungsglieder die Fertigteile entweder aussenumfassend ein oder sie sind darin eingebettet, wobei die Fertigteile in diesem Fall zur Führung und Halterung der Verankerungsglieder Ausnehmungen od.dgl. formschlüssige Halterungen aufweisen.Such support structures are known from DE-A-2 805 096. In these previously known structures, the loop-shaped anchoring members either enclose the finished parts or they are embedded therein, the prefabricated parts or the like in this case for guiding and holding the anchoring members. have positive brackets.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es zunächst, die für sölche Stützbauwerke verwendeten Fertigteile derart zu gestalten, dass sie die Verlegung der Verankerungsglieder vereinfachen und erleichtern sowie dafür sorgen, dass an der Luftseite des Bauwerkes lediglich Sichtflächen der Fertigteile, jedoch keine Verankerungsglieder selbst zutagetreten, welch letztere gut geschützt, unsichtbar und von den Fertigteilen voll abgeschirmt lediglich innerhalb des Bauwerkes verlaufen. Weiters ist es ein Ziel der Erfindung, mit Hilfe der Verankerungsglieder dafür zu sorgen, dass das Bauwerk ständig und wirksam entwässert wird und sich dadurch die Gefahr von Rutschungen verringert.The object of the invention is first of all to design the prefabricated parts used for such supporting structures in such a way that they simplify and facilitate the laying of the anchoring elements and ensure that only visible surfaces of the prefabricated parts, but no anchoring elements themselves, are exposed on the air side of the structure, the latter being good Protected, invisible and fully shielded from the prefabricated parts, only run inside the building. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to use the anchoring members to ensure that the structure is constantly and effectively drained, thereby reducing the risk of slipping.

Erfindungsgemäss werden diese Aufgaben dadurch gelöst, dass die in einem schüttfähigen, vorzugsweise körnigen, oder in einem festen, einen Strang bildenden wasserleitfähigen Material verlegten Verankerungsglieder jeweils einen der Hinterfüllung zugewendeten, hinterseitig der Sichtfläche angeordneten Bestandteil jedes Fertigteiles umschlingen.According to the invention, these objects are achieved in that the anchoring members, which are laid in a pourable, preferably granular, or in a solid, water-conductive material forming a strand, each wrap around a component of each prefabricated part facing the backfill and arranged behind the visible surface.

Alternativ können als im Hinterfüllungsmaterial eingebettete Anker bogenförmig gestaltete Schalen vorgesehen sein, die von den Verankerungsgliedern gleichfalls umschlungen werden, oder es können an der gegenüberliegenden Aussenseite des Bauwerkes, z.B. eines Dammes, Walles od.dgl., verlegte Fertigteile als Anker vorgesehen sein.Alternatively, as anchors embedded in the backfill material, curved shells can be provided, which are likewise wrapped around by the anchoring members, or it can be on the opposite outside of the structure, e.g. a dam, wall or the like, prefabricated parts laid as an anchor.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Erfindungsgegenstandes sind die Fertigteile in Form oben und an ihrer gegen die Hinterfüllung gerichteten Längsseite offener Kästen ausgebildet und im Bodenbereich mit aufwärtsragenden Teilen gestaltet, die von den Verankerungsgliedern umschlungen werden.According to a preferred embodiment of the subject matter of the invention, the finished parts are designed in the form of boxes open at the top and on their longitudinal side directed against the backfill, and are designed in the floor area with upwardly projecting parts which are wrapped around by the anchoring members.

Diese Gestaltung der Fertigteile ermöglicht es, die vorgefertigten Schlaufen in jeder Hinterfüllungsschicht besonders einfach in die vorverlegten Fertigteilscharen einzubinden, wobei die Sichtflächen dieser Fertigteile von diesen Verankerungsgliedern völlig unbeeinflusst bleiben.This design of the prefabricated parts makes it possible to integrate the prefabricated loops in each backfill layer particularly easily into the prefabricated groups of prefabricated parts, the visible surfaces of these prefabricated parts remaining completely unaffected by these anchoring members.

Weitere Erfindungsmerkmale sind in Ansprüchen 5 bis 8 enthalten. Der besseren Verständlichkeit wegen ist die Erfindung nachstehend an Hand der Zeichnungen erläutert, wobei verschiedene Ausführungsbeispiele erfindungsgemässer Stützbauwerke zu veranschaulichen sind. Im einzelnen zeigen die

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf eine fertigverlegte Schicht eines erfindungsgemässen Stützbauwerkes,
  • Fig. 2 und 3 zeigen schematische Querschnitte durch solche Stützbauwerke,
  • Fig. 4 stellt schaubildlich ein erfindungsgemässes Bauwerk während dessen Herstellung dar,
  • Fig. 5 zeigt gleichfalls schaubildlich in grösserem Massstab einen einzelnen Fertigteil eines solchen Bauwerkes,
  • Fig. zeigt eine Variante solcher Fertigteile schaubildlich und
  • Fig.7 ist die Vorderansicht eines aus solchen Fertigteilen nach Fig. 6 hergestellten Bauwerkes.
Further features of the invention are contained in claims 5 to 8. For the sake of clarity, the invention is explained below with reference to the drawings, various exemplary embodiments of support structures according to the invention being illustrated. In detail show the
  • 1 is a plan view of a finished layer of a support structure according to the invention,
  • 2 and 3 show schematic cross sections through such support structures,
  • 4 shows a structure according to the invention during its manufacture,
  • 5 also shows, on a larger scale, a single prefabricated part of such a structure,
  • Fig. Shows a variant of such finished parts graphically and
  • Fig. 7 is the front view of a structure made of such prefabricated parts according to Fig. 6.

Die Figuren 1 bis 3 zeigen verschiedene Bauwerke, bei denen die Fertigteile 1 eine geschlossene Sichtfläche des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 verkörpern. Die Verankerungsglieder 2 sind in Form umfanggeschlossener Schlaufen jeweils lose um einen der Hinterfüllung 6 zugewendeten, hinterseitig der Sichtfläche angeordneten rund gestalteten Bestandteil 1' jedes Fertigteiles 1 und um im Hinterfüllungsmaterial 6 eingebettete Anker 4 geführt. Selbstverständlich können solche Verankerungsglieder 2 statt an jeweils nur einem Fertigteil 1 verankert zu sein, auch mehrere, z.B. Gruppen oder Paare solcher Fertigteile umschlingen, wie dies gestrichelt angedeutet ist. Anderseits können auch die einzelnen Fertigteile 1 von jeweils mehreren Verankerungsgliedern 2 umschlungen sein.Figures 1 to 3 show different structures in which the prefabricated parts 1 embody a closed visible surface of the backfill material 6. The anchoring members 2 are each loosely guided in the form of circumferentially closed loops around a round-shaped component 1 ′ of each prefabricated part 1 facing the backfill 6, arranged behind the visible surface, and around anchors 4 embedded in the backfill material 6. Of course, such anchoring members 2 can be anchored to only one prefabricated part 1, but also several, e.g. Wrap around groups or pairs of such finished parts, as indicated by dashed lines. On the other hand, the individual prefabricated parts 1 can also be looped around by several anchoring members 2.

Die zur Verankerung der Verankerungsglieder 2 in der Hinterfüllung 6 vorgesehenen Anker 4 können grundsätzlich beliebig gestaltet sein, z.B. gleichfalls aus Betonfertigteilen bestehen, die von den Verankerungsgliedern 2 umschlungen werden, unsichtbar bleiben und deshalb in beliebiger Form, Grösse und Anzahl angeordnet werden können, weil sie nur dem Zweck dienen, die Verankerungsglieder 2 im Hinterfüllungsmaterial festzuhalten.The anchors 4 provided for anchoring the anchoring members 2 in the backfill 6 can in principle be of any design, e.g. also consist of prefabricated concrete parts, which are wrapped by the anchoring members 2, remain invisible and can therefore be arranged in any shape, size and number, because they only serve the purpose of holding the anchoring members 2 in the backfill material.

Fig. 2 zeigt C-förmig profilierte Betonfertigteile 1, bei denen die zur Hinterfüllung 6 weisenden Schenkel unmittelbar aufeinanderliegen und solcherart mit den zur Sichtfläche weisenden Stegen gemeinsam eine geschlossene, erosionssichere Abdeckung der Hinterfüllung 6 verkörpern. Die Verankerungsglieder 2 können unschwer an den Vorsprüngen 1' der in die Hinterfüllung 6 ragenden Schenkel durch Umschlingen dieser Vorsprünge 1' verankert werden.Fig. 2 shows C-shaped precast concrete parts 1, in which the legs facing the backfill 6 lie directly on top of each other and thus embody a closed, erosion-proof cover of the backfill 6 together with the webs facing the visible surface. The anchoring members 2 can easily be anchored to the protrusions 1 'of the legs projecting into the backfill 6 by looping these protrusions 1'.

Fig.3 zeigt hingegen winkelförmig profilierte Fertigteile 1, deren senkrecht aufrechtstehende Schenkel voneinander Abstände in horizontaler Ebene aufweisen, die beispielsweise mit Platten 10, Matten, Vliesen oder Grobsteinschüttungen überbrückt werden können, um eine wünschenswert geschlossene Panzerung des Hinterfüllungsmateriales 6 zu erzielen. Die liegenden Schenkel dieser winkelförmigen Fertigteile 1 dienen wiederum zur Befestigung der Verankerungsglieder 2 mittels der Vorsprünge 1'.3 shows, in contrast, angularly profiled prefabricated parts 1, the vertically upright legs of which are spaced apart from one another in the horizontal plane, which can be bridged, for example, with plates 10, mats, nonwovens or coarse fillings, in order to achieve a desirable closed armoring of the backfill material 6. The lying legs of these angular prefabricated parts 1 serve as in turn for fastening the anchoring members 2 by means of the projections 1 '.

In allen diesen Fällen sind die zur Verankerung der Verankerungsglieder 2 dienenden Anker 4 im Inneren des Bauwerkes gegen Erosion, aber auch gegen sonstige Gefahren, wie etwa auch gegen mutwillige Beschädigungen geschützt, angeordnet.In all of these cases, the anchors 4 used to anchor the anchoring members 2 are arranged inside the building against erosion, but also against other dangers, such as, for example, also against willful damage.

In den Fig. 4 und 5 ist eine weitere Ausführungsvariante dargestellt, derzufolge die aussenliegenden Fertigteile 1 in Form zweiseitig offener länglicher Kästen und mit vom Boden aufwärts vorspringenden Bestandteilen 1' gestaltet sind, die von den Verankerungsgliedern 2 umschlungen werden. Die im Hinterfüllungsmaterial 6 eingebetteten Anker 4 für die schlaufenförmig geführten Verankerungsglieder 2 bestehen aus bogenförmig gestalteten Schalen. Die Fertigteile 1 liegen schachbrettartig gegeneinander versetzt mit ihren Stirnseiten aufeinander und ihre Lage ist in Querrichtung des Bauwerkes gleichfalls beliebig variierbar und verschiedenen Hangneigungen anpassbar.4 and 5 show a further embodiment variant, according to which the external prefabricated parts 1 are designed in the form of elongated boxes which are open on both sides and with components 1 'projecting upwards from the ground, which are wrapped around by the anchoring members 2. The anchors 4 embedded in the backfill material 6 for the loop-shaped anchoring members 2 consist of curved shells. The prefabricated parts 1 lie in a chessboard-like manner with their end faces on top of each other and their position can also be varied as desired in the transverse direction of the building and can be adapted to different slopes.

Eine Variante dieser Ausführungsform der Fertigteile 1 zeigen die Fig. 6 und 7. Die Fig. 6 zeigt schaubildlich ein Paar zusammengehöriger, spiegelbildlich gestalteter Fertigteile 1, von denen jeder die Hälfte eines halbkreisförmig profilierten Vorsprunges 1' trägt. Werden diese Fertigteile 1 in spiegelbildlicher Anordnung verlegt, wie dies die Fig. 6 zeigt, ergänzen sich die Vorsprünge 1' wie dargestellt und können vom Verankerungsglied 2 schlaufenförmig umschlungen werden. Diese Fertigteile 1 können dank ihrer Gestaltung besonders rationell gefertigt werden, wobei auch noch die Möglichkeit besteht, in den aufrechten Schenkeln dieser winkelförmig profilierten Fertigteile 1 Ausnehmungen 1" vorzusehen, in denen - wie die Fig. 7 in einer Vorderansicht des Bauwerkes zeigt - das Hinterfüllungsmaterial 6 vorteilhaft zutagetritt und mit einem Bewuchs versehen werden kann.A variant of this embodiment of the prefabricated parts 1 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. FIG. 6 shows a pair of associated prefabricated parts 1 which are designed in mirror image, each of which carries half of a semicircular profiled projection 1 '. If these prefabricated parts 1 are laid in a mirror-image arrangement, as shown in FIG. 6, the projections 1 ′ complement each other as shown and can be looped around by the anchoring member 2. Thanks to their design, these prefabricated parts 1 can be manufactured in a particularly efficient manner, it also being possible to provide recesses 1 "in the upright legs of these angularly profiled prefabricated parts 1", in which - as FIG. 7 shows in a front view of the building - the backfill material 6 advantageously emerged and can be covered with vegetation.

Claims (8)

1. Support structure comprising concrete finished parts (1) which are arranged on at least one external face of the structure, are visible at its exposed face and cover a back-filling, and anchoring members (2) which are loosely guided in the form of closed loops on these finished parts and extend substantially horizontally into the back-filling towards an anchor, characterised in that each of the anchoring members (2) positioned in a pourable, preferably granular, waterconductive material or in a solid water-conductive material forming a slab encircles a component (1') of each finished part (1), which component is arranged at the back of the exposed face and faces the back-filling (6).
2. Support structure according to claim 1, characterised in that there are provided as anchors embedded in the back-filling material arc- shaped shells (4) which are likewise encircled by the anchoring members (2).
3. Support structure according to claim 1, characterised in that finished parts (1) positioned on the opposed external face of the structure, for example a dike, embankment, or the like, (1) are provided as anchors.
4. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the finished parts (1) are designed in the form of boxes that are open at the top and along their long side facing the back-filling (6) and have, in the base region, upwardly projecting parts (1') which are encircled by the anchoring members (2).
5. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the finished parts (1) lie on top of one another with their front edge regions off-set with respect to one another in the manner of a chess board, it being possible to vary their position with respect to one another as desired in the transverse direction of the structure.
6. Support structure according to claim 1, characterised in that horizontal legs, extending into the back-filling material (6), of finished parts to be positioned in pairs and having, for example, an angular profile have upwardly projecting protrusions (1') which, in the case of mirror-image arrangement in pairs of such finished parts (1), together form a preferably approximately semicircular protrusion for anchoring the anchoring members (2) guided in the manner of a loop.
7. Support structure according to claim 6, characterised in that upright legs forming the exposed face of finished parts (1) having, for example, an angular profile have cut-away portions (1") in which the back-filling material (6) is visible at the exposed face.
8. Support structure according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the anchoring members (2) and the slabs consisting of water-permeable material that surround them are inclined downwards to one open side of the structure and flow out at this open side or, in the case of structures, such as bank protection structures or dikes, having an external face washed at least occasionally by water, are inclined downwards to the opposed open side of the structure or to an outlet shaft and/or channel arranged inside the structure.
EP82890167A 1979-04-04 1982-11-12 Retaining structure Expired EP0079880B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT248279A AT362234B (en) 1978-05-29 1979-04-04 HIGH PRESSURE CENTRIFUGAL PUMP UNIT
AT487681A AT380288B (en) 1981-11-12 1981-11-12 CONSTRUCTION, PREFERABLY STUETZMAUER, DAMM OD. DGL.
AT4876/81 1981-11-12
AT24/82 1982-01-05

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0079880A2 EP0079880A2 (en) 1983-05-25
EP0079880A3 EP0079880A3 (en) 1983-08-03
EP0079880B1 true EP0079880B1 (en) 1986-09-17

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2805096A1 (en) * 1977-02-09 1978-08-10 Ebenseer Betonwerke Gmbh STRUCTURE, PREFERABLY RETAINING WALL, DAM OR DGL.

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3913335A1 (en) * 1989-04-22 1990-10-25 Rolf Hoelzer WALL

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0079880A3 (en) 1983-08-03
EP0079880A2 (en) 1983-05-25

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