EP0465769B1 - Apparatus for through-flow treatment of web-shaped material - Google Patents

Abstract

In a sieve drum device with, arranged on the front end, a fan (6) for creating the suction draught through the sieve drum surface, a dynamic pressure cover (13) is usually arranged in front of the sieve drum jacket (5). This dynamic pressure cover creates in the dynamic pressure space in front of the dynamic pressure cover (13) the dynamic pressure necessary for the uniform treatment of the material web (10). In order to be able optimally to treat material webs (10, 10') of different width on the sieve drum (5), the dynamic pressure cover (13) is either completely removable in the region of the narrower material width (10') or provided with an opening mechanism (22-26), or the dynamic pressure cover (13) is assigned an additional parallel sieve cover (14) which is displaceable towards the dynamic pressure cover. The holes (17, 20, 21) of the dynamic pressure cover (13) and sieve cover (14) are arranged in relation to one another in such a manner that, on displacement by approximately one hole spacing, the majority of the holes of the dynamic pressure cover can be closed by the webs of the holes of the sieve cover, in order to be able to dry the material in the remaining part. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a device for flowing treatment of web-like textile material, fleece, paper, tissue or the like. With a liquid, but in particular gaseous treatment agent circulated in the overall device by a fan with a suction-trapped flow from the outside inwards , permeable drum with bottoms on the front as a transport element for the web-like material, which is assigned a drum-axially parallel storage cover with perforation holes across the working width of the drum, across the working width of the drum, to form the treatment agent storage space in front of the treatment room. Permeability is less than that of the drum.

A screen drum construction of this type is known. The stowage cover is necessary in order to distribute the circulated fluid in front of the treatment room, in which the sieve drum is rotatably mounted, evenly over the working width, so that it then flows perpendicularly to the surface of the sieve drum in equal amounts of air flow from the sieve drum. This results in an equal temperature distribution over the working width of the screening drum.

The sieve drum jacket can be made from a perforated sheet metal, through which a braided sieve can optionally be looped through the perforation to even out the air flow. The air permeability of this sheet metal jacket is limited to about 45% of the entire surface of the drum because of the webs between the holes necessary for the stability of the jacket. The drums are better, the casing of which is composed of radially extending metal strips. These drums, which are permeable up to 96%, are used in particular for drying paper and nonwovens.

When using the screen drum controls, webs of different widths must be treated. To the air flow on the To limit the width of the web, it is known to cover the edge areas of the drum not covered by the web with an air-impermeable cloth. This type of use is too expensive, especially if the working width changes quickly. It is also known from DE-A-19 00 496 to limit the inflow area to the working width by means of walls arranged outside the sieve drum and sealing against the storage ceiling. According to FR-A-21 51 230 it is also possible to change the permeability of a storage ceiling by displacing a second perforated plate arranged parallel to the storage ceiling laterally relative to the storage ceiling in such a way that at least some of the perforation holes in the storage ceiling are displaced through the sheet is covered. So you can z. B. close a second drying section of a dryer to reduce the performance of the dryer. However, it is not possible to increase the drying capacity of a drying section by means of this device. With the construction according to DE-A-16 35 263, on the other hand, it is possible to concentrate the drying performance on one strip by adjusting the working width of the screen drum through walls or cover plates on the inside of the screen drum. However, this adjustment option is only limited to a small measure of the entire working width, in particular only the edge areas can be covered in order to be able to use the center of the drum. It is bad if, for example, only one edge strip on the outer edge of the sieve drum is to remain open, but the remaining area of the sieve drum has to be closed.

Such a case arises, for example, when drying nonwovens, paper or tissue, which when starting production at the same very high speed of e.g. 600 m / sec and more to the account system. However, the production of this product cannot begin in the full working width of 2 - 5 m because the web first has to be threaded around the many rollers and through the different treatment units of the continuous system. Given the high delivery speed, this is only possible with a narrow belt that has to run on the operating side of the continuous system. But even this narrow web must be delivered dry and thus solidified by the drying system, because otherwise the goods cannot be manipulated, or at least cannot be threaded into the system.

A covering of the sieve drum working width on this narrow belt is not possible with the known devices, which is why the industry has started with the full working width so that the web is dried according to regulations. Then, however, the web is cut apart except for a small remainder, the wide part of the Subsequently, the web of goods moved away into the basement as waste so that only the remaining narrow belt could be threaded into the system. This process at the beginning of production is therefore associated with a high loss. However, it is also not possible to produce and dry only the narrow belt because the belt on the drum does not dry when the working width is open. The faulty air is too large for effective drying to be possible in the heat treatment chamber. As a result, the narrow, non-pre-consolidated tape would not be manipulable after passing through the heat treatment device. It does not have the necessary strength and tears.

The invention is therefore based on the object to develop a device with which the aforementioned disadvantages can be eliminated. The aim is to be able to fully dry even a narrow strip on the heat treatment drum and thereby solidify it. Thus, the system can be threaded without problems, without having to drive the large material losses that have arisen so far.

Starting from the device of the type mentioned initially, the invention provides, in order to achieve the object, that the storage ceiling has a partial area which is provided with a device for increasing the permeability. To start up the system, the working width of the sieve drum should not be reduced by e.g. inner cover plates are limited in their flow area, but the effective or the particularly effective opening width of the baffle is opened to concentrate the flowing air in the necessary width more.

It is avoided that a e.g. telescopic sheet metal is pulled to prevent the supply air flow, instead a partial area of the storage ceiling is rendered ineffective as a storage ceiling. This is possible by moving this partial area of the storage ceiling over the neighboring one, as a result of which there is no longer any storage ceiling in the partial area, or by providing the storage ceiling in the partial area with a device for increasing the air permeability. This can advantageously consist of pivotable flaps which can be set up in this partial area to open the storage ceiling.

Another solution is advantageous if the stowage cover is at least partially arranged parallel to and parallel to the axis of the sieve cover, the perforation holes of which are larger in cross-section in the direction of displacement up to at most equal to that of the stowage cover. In order to concentrate the supply air flow, a screen plate, which also has a perforation, is only slightly displaced over the storage ceiling, so that, with a limited working width, only the unneeded holes are covered by this additional screen cover will. For example, the screen plate only shifts by less than one hole pitch.

In the first example mentioned, it is intended to leave the perforation of the storage ceiling in the previously known manner and only to partially enlarge the perforation of the screen ceiling in accordance with the displacement dimension. It should be noted that after threading the narrow belt into the overall system, the web does not suddenly run over the entire working width, but can only slowly reach this working width. Consequently, the stowage ceiling must not suddenly become permeable to air over its working width, rather the active holes in the stowage ceiling may only open with increasing working width.

An improved solution to the basic idea according to the invention, in which the actual storage cover is arranged with a second sieve cover aligned parallel to and axially parallel to it, the perforation holes in the storage cover should now also be in addition to those in the sieve cover in cross-section in the direction of displacement in one The edge area of the ceiling can be many times larger than it would correspond to the flow cross-section of the holes required to form a storage ceiling. This has the advantage that in the area of the sieve drum in which the narrow belt runs around the drum there is a large free cross-section in the stowage ceiling, so that with other perforation holes covered over the working width of the stowage cover through this large, free opening 100% of the incoming, stowed air can also reach the screening drum. A 100% drying process of just this narrow strip is the result of this measure.

If the web is now fed into the entire system as a narrow belt, the production of the web can slowly be expanded to the intended web width. At the same time, only a slight displacement of the screen cover relative to the storage ceiling then causes the corresponding air to flow to the screen drum in accordance with the increase in the working width.

The arrangement and the respective size of the perforation in both the screen and in the storage ceiling are to be dimensioned such that 100% of the inflowing air quantity can flow through the open perforation holes against the drum. If only the narrow band has to be dried, the holes to be provided in the area of this band are to be provided with the largest cross-section, while the remaining holes are automatically covered. If the working width is increased after the device has finally been started up, the perforation cross-section of the holes in the storage ceiling must be reduced overall in accordance with the increase in the number of holes, so that 100% of the inflowing air can now flow over the larger area to the sieve drum. Ultimately, the previously common ram air should flow evenly over the working width over the entire working width of the screening drum, in that all holes now have a uniform opening cross-section over the working width of the storage and screen ceiling.

There is a distance in the treatment room between the storage ceiling and the sieve drum. Because the sieve drum jacket is not covered, there is a great risk that the air flowing through the respectively open area of the storage ceiling will be sucked transversely into the area of the sieve drum that is not covered by the material. In order to prevent this as far as possible, the invention further provides that one or a plurality of radially directed walls are arranged round and at a short distance around the drum between the storage ceiling and the drum. Such walls prevent axially directed incorrect ventilation of the drum.

Furthermore, it is expedient to provide on the device a device which measures the width of the incoming material, which is functionally connected to the device for increasing the permeability, in order thereby to exactly adjust the width of the material running onto the screen drum with the position of the screen cover in relation to the storage cover and thus to be precisely coordinated with the open inflow openings.

Figur 1

einen Schnitt quer durch eine Siebtrommelvorrichtung mit der Siebtrommel im Längsschnitt,

Figur 2

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung mit Klappenverstellmechanismus,

Figur 3

Seitenansicht des Klappenverstellmechanismus nach Figur 2,

Figur 4

einen Schnitt ähnlich dem nach Figur 1,

Figur 5

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung des Siebtrommelmantels mit zugeordneter Staudecke mit sich über die gesamte Arbeitsbreite der Trommel erstreckendem Gut,

Figur 6

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung gemäß Figur 5 mit nach links verschobener Siebdecke, derart, daß die auf der rechten Seite angeordneten Löcher der Staudecke von der Siebdecke abgedeckt sind,

Figur 7

eine Ausschnittvergrößerung der Siebtrommel mit zugeordneter Staudecke anderer Konstruktion und nur teilweise mit Gut bedeckter Siebtrommel und

Figur 8

die Staudeckenkonstruktion nach Figur 7, jedoch mit einer über die Arbeitsbreite insgesamt vom zu behandelnden Gut bedeckten Siebtrommel.

In the drawing, embodiments of the device according to presented the invention. On the basis of these examples, further inventive details are to be explained in detail, which are then also of inventive importance in connection with the basic construction. Show it:

Figure 1

2 shows a section across a screening drum device with the screening drum in longitudinal section,

Figure 2

a cut-out enlargement with flap adjustment mechanism,

Figure 3

Side view of the flap adjustment mechanism according to Figure 2,

Figure 4

2 shows a section similar to that according to FIG. 1,

Figure 5

an enlargement of the section of the sieve drum jacket with an associated storage cover with goods extending over the entire working width of the drum,

Figure 6

5 shows an enlarged section according to FIG. 5 with the screen cover shifted to the left, such that the holes on the right side of the storage cover are covered by the screen cover,

Figure 7

an enlarged section of the screen drum with associated storage cover of a different construction and only partially covered with a well covered screen drum and

Figure 8

the stowage ceiling construction according to Figure 7, but with a sieve drum covered over the entire working width of the material to be treated.

1 and 4 consists of a rectangular housing 1, which is divided by an intermediate wall 2 into a treatment room 3 and a fan room 4. In the treatment room 3 a sieve drum 5 and a fan 6 is rotatably mounted concentrically to this in the fan room 4. Of course, the fan space can also be arranged in a separate fan housing, not shown here, which is separated from it. In any case, the fan inserts the inside of the screen drum 5 via its open end face. The drum construction is also on a wet treatment device, which are also used only for suctioning off liquid or for the needling of nonwovens may, subject to registration. The overall construction must then be adjusted accordingly.

According to FIGS. 1 and 4, heating units 7 are arranged above and below the fan 6, which consist of pipes through which heating medium flows. In general, the sieve drums are constructed with the shell structure of only a very large diameter, which is only of interest here, up to 96% air-permeable. During heat treatment, the screening drum 5 is covered with the textile material or paper 10 to be treated over almost the entire circumferential surface (FIGS. 4, 8). In the area of the support and the re-acceptance of the goods, however, the drum must be shielded from the inside against the suction that prevails from the inside. Therefore, the inner cover 8 is shown in Figures 1 and 4, which, however, could also be arranged stationary in this embodiment at the level of the drum axis. A fine-meshed sieve 9, which is only shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, is looped around the outside of the drum 5 and is fastened to the two bases 11 and 12 on the end face of the drum.

A storage ceiling 13 is arranged around the drum 5 between the housing wall 1 and the intermediate wall 2. In the case of a row arrangement with several sieve drums, the stowage cover extends horizontally; in the case of a single-drum device, the stowage cover can also extend around the drum at a constant distance.

In the sieve drum device according to the application is about a possibility to dry a web 10 'with a smaller web width within a short time without the sieve drum 5 must be provided with a complex construction to limit the air permeability to the width of the web . There are several options for this, all of which focus only on the design of the storage ceiling 13. According to Figure 1, this storage blanket 13, which also extends over the entire working width of the screen drum 5, in the area where the narrow web 10 'on the screen drum rests and should be treated there, from circular segments 13 ', which in the case of the treatment of the web 10' moved radially outward from their normal functional position and then pushed parallel to the axis of the sieve drum over the fixed storage ceiling 13. This creates in the area of the web 10 'a free of the storage area 13˝, so that now accelerated from the fan 6 via the heating device 7 treatment air flow essentially through this ring slot (13˝) and the web 10' will be treated more intensely, so that a quick drying can be expected. Of course, the storage ceiling segments 13 'can also be replaced by a second circular radially outwardly offset storage ceiling, which then pushes in a ring over the storage ceiling 13.

A device can also be arranged in the free annular surface 13 ', with which the air permeability of the storage ceiling 13 can be increased if necessary. According to the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 2 and 3, this consists of circular, pivotable flaps 22 which can be set up in this partial area to open the storage ceiling. For this purpose, the stowage ceiling 12 - as can be seen from FIG. 2 - is bent upward into a flange in the region of the support of the web 10 '. The respective axis 24 of a flap 22 is mounted in the flanges and is pivotally attached to this axis 24. The lever mechanism 25 is used for pivoting and can be connected in a simple manner to a corresponding gear for the simultaneous actuation of all flaps 22 around the drum 5. In the event of an opening, that is, the drying of the web 10 ', the flaps 22 are set up, as can be seen from Fig. 2. If, on the other hand, a fabric web 10 is dried, as can be seen in FIG. 4, which thus extends over the entire working width of the drum 5, the flaps 22 are pivoted by 90 ° and are therefore partially superimposed according to FIG. So that air also flows through this area of the storage ceiling in this case, the flaps 22 are provided with a perforation 23 such that the air permeability corresponds to that of the other storage ceiling 13. The flaps are according to Figure 3 at the outer ends of the Surface kinked in order to achieve better positioning of the flaps when closed. To open the flap mechanism, the levers 25 are then to be pivoted in the direction of the arrows 26.

In addition to the normal stowage cover 13, in the device shown in FIGS. 4-8, a sieve cover 14 is also connected in parallel and directly assigned to it. According to FIG. 4, the screen blanket leaves an area on the operating side (drive side of the drum 5); however, the screen cover 14 can also run through according to the dashed line. The two ceilings 13 and 14 are arranged to be displaceable relative to one another. The displacement serves to change the flow area of the storage ceiling 13 or to open and close the flow openings of the storage ceiling. The aim is to let the air accelerated by the fan pass through the stowage ceiling only where the air can also hit a material 10, 10 'lying on the drum 5. The remaining part of the openings of the screen and dam ceilings should be closed.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4, on the left side (drive side), the area of the storage cover 13 without the screen cover 14, to which the narrow strip of material 10 'according to FIG. 7 is located Drum 5 is assigned. Only this strip of material should be dried, while the remaining area of the drum remains unused. Therefore, according to FIG. 6, the remaining holes in the storage cover 13 are covered by the webs of the holes in the screen cover 14. Of course, the screen cover 14 can also extend in the left area over the storage ceiling. It is then only necessary to align the holes in the storage ceiling with those of the screen ceiling. If the screen cover is shifted to the right (arrow 15), the through openings 21 of the storage cover 13 are opened successively until the shift position according to FIG. 5 is reached and all openings are therefore permeable. Accordingly, in FIG. 5 the material web 10 also extends over the entire working width of the screening drum 5.

As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the holes in the storage ceiling 13 are consistently large, in particular such that the desired dynamic pressure is created in the storage space. The holes in the sieve cover 14 increase in sections to the left in cross section, and only in the direction of displacement 16. If the sieve cover 14 is moved to the left (arrow 16), the through holes arranged on the far right first close, then the next group, etc., while the holes on the storage ceiling 13 arranged further to the left remain open because of the elongated holes 17. The openings of the elongated holes 17 can also become continuously larger.

The special idea according to FIGS. 7 and 8 is also more advantageous. There, the perforation holes in the baffle cover 13 as well as in the screen cover 14 are different in their passage cross section. The aim here is to always achieve the 100% permeability to the treatment air through the respectively remaining, open holes in the blankets, which would be necessary if the screen drum 5 were completely covered with the material 10 according to FIG. 5. Therefore, the elongated holes 17 in Figure 7 in the area of the narrow gutter 10 'are very large. There is a lot of air flowing through the narrow, open sieve cover and thus treats the material 10 'optimally, ie that it is dry after the sieve drum 5 rotates is delivered. The holes outside the area of Gutbahn 10 'are closed again.

A transverse ventilation of the air flowing in the axial direction to the open flow surface of the screen drum 5 is prevented by walls 18 which extend from the stowage ceiling 14 to approximately the screen drum surface. So only a radially directed flow can arise.

If the solid web 10 'which has solidified after drying is now threaded into the overall system, normal production can begin. The web is slowly widened to the working width of the screening drum. The width of the Gutbahn 10 'is scanned at the inlet of the screening drum. Correspondingly, the screen cover 14 moves in the direction of arrow 19. The adjacent elongated holes then gradually open, which are less large in cross section, because when the following holes 17 are fully opened, the total air must be distributed over a larger area of the screen drum. If the sieve drum according to FIG. 8 is then completely covered with the material 10, the air flows uniformly across the width onto the material with the same-sized through openings of the sieve cover and the storage cover (see enlarged sections corresponding to the circular sections in FIG. 8).

It can be seen that to open the holes over the working width or to close them accordingly, only a slight displacement of the screen cover 14 relative to the storage cover 13 is possible. It depends on the hole configuration of the ceilings. The displacement range is therefore less or slightly more than just a hole division.

Claims (29)

1. Device for continuous through-flowing treatment of web-shaped textile material, fleece, paper, tissue (10) or the like with a fluid or gaseous treatment agent circulated in the entire device by a blower (6), and with a transporting member for the web-shaped material which comprises a screen drum (5) through which the treatment agent flows from the exterior inwards, is subjected to suction draught, and has bases (11) at the end faces, there being associated with said drum, in order to produce the pressure build-up chamber, a preceding pressure cover (13), coaxial with said drum and extending across the working width of said screen drum (5), and having, distributed transversely across the working width of the drum (5), perforation holes whose permeability to the treatment agent is less than that of the drum (5), characterised in that the pressure cover (13) has a partial area (13˝) which is provided with an arrangement for increasing the permeability.
2. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the arrangement in the partial area (13˝) effects a 100% opening of the pressure cover (13).
3. Device according to claim 1, characterised in that the arrangement comprises pivotal flaps (22), which may be placed in an open position in order to open the pressure cover (13) in this partial area (13˝).
4. Device according to claim 3, characterised in that the flaps (22) are perforated (23) over their surface.
5. Device according to claim 4, characterised in that the perforation (23) of the flaps (22) is so designed that the air-permeability of the flaps (22), which are oriented parallel to the pressure cover (13), thus directed in a closing direction, is equal to that of the rest of the pressure cover (13).
6. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the arrangement comprises pressure covers (13′, 13˝) displaceable towards one another and one over the other.
7. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that a portion (13′) of the pressure cover (13) is disposed so as to be displaceable as a whole laterally out of the partial area (13˝) , the partial area (13˝) thereby being open as a whole.
8. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that there is associated at least partly with the pressure cover (13) a parallel screen cover (14), which is displaceable directly towards and coaxially with said pressure cover (13), the perforation holes (17) in said screen cover (14) in the direction of displacement being greater or up to a maximum of equally large with those in the pressure cover (13).
9. Device according to claim 6, characterised in that there is associated with the actual pressure cover (13) a parallel-oriented second screen cover (14) which is displaceable coaxial with and directly towards said pressure cover (13), and in that the perforation holes (17, 20) in the pressure cover (13) and in the screen cover (14) are, in the direction of displacement and in a lateral region of the covers, larger in cross-section by a multiple than those corresponding to the necessary flow cross-section of the holes (21) in order to form a simple pressure cover (13).
10. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the perforation holes (17) in the screen cover (14) have a cross-section which differs across the working width.
11. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that the perforation holes (17) of the screen cover (14) and pressure cover (13) are of varying cross-section across the working width.
12. Device according to claim 10, characterised in that the perforation holes (17) of the screen cover (14) reduce in cross-section towards one outer edge of the screen cover (14) (Figs. 5, 6).
13. Device according to claim 11, characterised in that the perforation holes (17, 20) of the screen cover (14) and of the pressure cover (13) reduce in cross-section towards one outer edge of the cover.
14. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the perforations of the screen cover reduce continuously in cross-section.
15. Device according to claim 13, characterised in that the perforation holes of the screen cover and of the pressure cover reduce continuously in cross-section.
16. Device according to claim 12, characterised in that the perforation holes (17) of the screen cover (14) reduce in cross-section by sections.
17. Device claim 13, characterised in that the perforation holes (17, 20) of the screen cover (14) and of the pressure cover (13) reduce in cross-sections by sections.
18. Device according to claim 8, characterised in that a region of the pressure cover remains uncovered by the screen cover (14) (Fig. 4).
19. Device according to claim 18, characterised in that the region of the pressure cover remaining free is provided on the side facing away from the blower (6), or on the drive side of the drum (5).
20. Device according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that the portion of the screen cover (14) adjacent to the region of the drum (5) remaining free of the screen cover (14) has the larger perforation holes (17), and thus the perforation holes reduce slowly in cross-section towards the outer edge of the screen cover (14) associated with the blower (6), until at most the cross-section of the holes (21) of the pressure cover (13).
21. Device according to claims 18-20, characterised in that the perforation holes of the pressure cover in the region remaining free of the screen cover are larger in cross-section than the remaining holes across the working width of the pressure cover.
22. Device according to claim 21, characterised in that the screen cover (14) extends across the entire pressure cover (13), i.e. also across the region with the larger perforation holes of the pressure cover (13), and the webs of the screen cover (14), during displacement of the screen cover in order to open the other holes (21) of the pressure cover (13), partly close the larger holes (20) of the pressure cover (13) (Fig. 8).
23. Device according to claim 9, characterised in that, on the side facing away from the blower (6), or on the drive side of the drum (5), both the pressure (13) and the screen cover (14) are provided with perforation holes (17, 20) which are large in the direction of displacement, and thus the perforation holes decrease slowly in cross-section towards the outer edge of the screen cover (14) associated with the blower (6), until at most to the cross-section of the smallest holes (21) of the pressure cover (13).
24. device according to claim 22 or 23, characterised in that when there are flush holes (17, 20) with the large cross-section on one side, preferably the drive side of the device, the holes of the remaining area of the cover are covered off from one another, and thus are closed to the flow (Fig. 7).
25. Device according to claim 24, characterised in that, when the screen cover (14) is displaced (19) out of the position with flush large holes (17, 20) and thus there is reduction of the flow cross-sections, the perforation holes following towards the blower side, and which mutually cover one another, are successively opened.
26. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the range of displacement of the screen cover (14) relative to the pressure cover (13) is of dimensions of less than or slightly more than one hole interval.
27. Device according to claim 26, characterised in that, after termination of the displacement of the screen cover by less than one hole interval, the free flow cross-section of all the holes (17, 20) of the pressure (13) and screen cover (14), which are disposed one over the other, is of equal size across the surface of the pressure cover (13).
28. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that there are attached to the pressure cover (13) between the pressure cover (13) and the drum (5) one, or a plurality of spaced-apart radially-oriented partitions (18) around the drum (5) and at a small spacing therefrom.
29. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterised in that there is provided on the device an arrangement for measuring the strip width of the inflowing material (10, 10′), said arrangement being functionally connected with the arrangement for increasing the permeability.

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