EP0465688B1 - Four de fusion de verre adapté en particulier à la vitrification de déchets - Google Patents

Four de fusion de verre adapté en particulier à la vitrification de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0465688B1
EP0465688B1 EP90113030A EP90113030A EP0465688B1 EP 0465688 B1 EP0465688 B1 EP 0465688B1 EP 90113030 A EP90113030 A EP 90113030A EP 90113030 A EP90113030 A EP 90113030A EP 0465688 B1 EP0465688 B1 EP 0465688B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glass
electrode
gall
melting furnace
furnace
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90113030A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0465688A1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Pieper
Hartmut Dr. Zschocher
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beteiligungen Sorg GmbH and Co KG
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Beteiligungen Sorg GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Beteiligungen Sorg GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Beteiligungen Sorg GmbH and Co KG
Priority to ES90113030T priority Critical patent/ES2045666T3/es
Priority to DK90113030.2T priority patent/DK0465688T3/da
Priority to DE90113030T priority patent/DE59002761D1/de
Priority to EP90113030A priority patent/EP0465688B1/fr
Priority to AT90113030T priority patent/ATE94715T1/de
Publication of EP0465688A1 publication Critical patent/EP0465688A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0465688B1 publication Critical patent/EP0465688B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/03—Electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glass melting furnace according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a glass melting furnace of the type mentioned is known from DE 38 41 918 C1. With this glass melting furnace it has been shown in practice that the furnace parts which come into contact with glass bile are subject to very high wear.
  • This glass bile contains calcium sulfate and calcium chloride salts as well as other salts and is therefore extremely aggressive against the refractory material of the furnace, against normal heat-resistant steel and also against molybdenum, which is usually used as an electrode material. The aggressiveness is further increased by high temperatures and by gases and vapors rising from the glass bile.
  • the molten glass melted from waste materials is usually relatively aggressive towards conventional refractory materials, although this can be countered by using particularly high-quality refractory material.
  • This refractory material in turn complicates the use of wall and / or floor electrodes because it generally has a relatively high electrical conductivity itself, which would disadvantageously lead to high currents and a high level of heat in the walls and bottom of the furnace instead of in the glass melt.
  • an electrode for a glass melting furnace which is inserted into the glass melt from above and in which the electrode shaft as a coaxial tube with an inner tube made of a metal which represents a good electrical conductor and with an outer tube made of a mechanical resistant, heat-resistant metal is formed.
  • this electrode also shows strong signs of corrosion, particularly in the electrode part lying in the glass bile, so that premature electrode breaks can easily occur here.
  • the electrode and other furnace wear that occurs and the consequently frequently required repairs mean that the economic operation of the glass melting furnace is put into question.
  • each electrode is attached to a hollow electrode holder which carries a cooling medium and ends above the glass gall mirror and is guided from above through the glass gall layer into the glass melt and that each The electrode is made in two parts with an upper part made of pure chrome or oxide-dispersed steel in the glass gall layer and with an lower part made of molybdenum, platinum, tungsten or their alloys in the glass melt.
  • cooling medium passed through the electrode holder is a gas or gas mixture, preferably air.
  • These cooling media have the advantage that they are easy to handle and that they contribute to safe furnace operation, because in the event of leakage the cooling medium entering the furnace can be easily removed with the furnace exhaust gases, for example in Contact with the glass bile would cause explosions in the oven.
  • the electrode holder and the upper electrode part as well as the upper electrode part and the lower electrode part are detachably connected to one another, preferably screwed to one another by means of opposite thread ends.
  • the invention provides that the upper electrode part is hollow at least over part of its length and can also be flowed through by the cooling medium flowing through the electrode holder. This in particular extends the life of the upper electrode part, which is exposed to particularly strong aggressive influences.
  • a further embodiment of the invention provides that at least the parts of the lower furnace and / or upper furnace that come into contact with the glass bile while the furnace is in operation consist of refractory material containing chromium oxide. This measure makes the material erosion in the interior of the furnace more uniform, which means that despite the different aggressiveness of the glass melt and glass bile, the service life is roughly the same as that of these furnace components in contact with both media is reached.
  • the surfaces of the refractory material that come into contact with the glass bile during operation of the furnace are provided with a covering made of chromium or oxide-dispersed steel. This gives the furnace components that come into contact with the glass bile a special protection against corrosion and erosion, which ensures a longer service life of the furnace components concerned.
  • Comparable measures can be provided according to subclaims 11 and 12 for the area of the extraction device for the glass bile, as a result of which wear is also reduced and a longer service life is achieved. In addition, this ensures a sufficiently high level of accuracy in maintaining the layer thickness of the glass bile without an immediate thickness measurement, which is very important for furnace operation.
  • thermocouple Glass melting furnaces of the type mentioned at the outset are usually equipped with at least one thermocouple which is arranged in the upper furnace and is used for temperature measurement.
  • the thermocouple has a thermocouple protection tube made of chrome or oxide-dispersed steel, thereby protecting the Thermocouple against the aggressive glass bile and from this rising gases and vapors is guaranteed.
  • the exemplary embodiment of the glass melting furnace 1 shown here partly in a cross section consists of an essentially trough-shaped lower furnace 10 and an upper furnace 11 arranged above it and closing the glass melting furnace 1 upwards.
  • the glass melting furnace 1 is in operation in the furnace 10 a glass melt 12, which largely fills the furnace 10.
  • Above the glass melt level 12 ' is a glass gall layer 13, the level 13' of which is just below the upper edge of the lower furnace 10.
  • the lower furnace 10 and the upper furnace 11 consist, as is known per se, of molded blocks made of refractory material, which are not shown in detail here.
  • the necessary thermal energy of the furnace 1 has a plurality of electrodes, of which an electrode 3 is shown here by way of example.
  • the electrode 3 has an elongated cylindrical shape and extends through the glass gall layer 13 into the glass melt 12.
  • the electrode 3 is connected to an electrode holder 2, which from the outside through the upper furnace 11 by means of an electrically insulating through-shape stone 11 'into the interior of the glass melting furnace 1 is guided.
  • the electrode holder 2 itself ends just above the glass bile mirror 13 'and is detachably connected there, preferably screwed, to the electrode 3.
  • the electrode 3 consists of two parts, namely a larger lower electrode part 30 and a shorter upper electrode part 30 '.
  • the length of the upper electrode part 30 ' is dimensioned such that it essentially corresponds to the thickness of the glass gall layer 13, while the length of the lower electrode part 30 is approximately 2/3 of the depth of the glass melt 12.
  • the upper electrode part 30 ', which lies within the glass gall layer 13, consists of pure chromium or oxide-dispersed steel, while the lower electrode part 30, which is in the glass melt 12, consists of molybdenum, platinum, tungsten or their alloys.
  • the electrode holder 2 which consists, for example, of steel, a power connection block 24 is attached, via which the electric current required for heating the glass melt in the glass melting furnace 1 can be supplied by means of a power cable 25.
  • the electrode holder 2 consists of a coaxial tube, which enables cooling of the electrode holder 2.
  • the electrode holder 2 has a cooling medium inlet connection 41 and a cooling medium outlet connection 42 outside the glass melting furnace 1.
  • the upper furnace 10 in the region of the glass bile layer 13 has a metallic cladding 5 on its inside, which is made of pure Chromium or oxide-dispersed steel.
  • FIG. 1 also shows a thermocouple protection tube 6, which is guided through the top of the upper furnace 11 and can be displaced in its height, and surrounds a thermocouple for detecting the temperatures within the glass melting furnace 1.
  • This protective tube 6 also consists of pure chromium or oxide-dispersed steel and protects the thermocouple against the aggressive influences the glass bile layer 13 and the gases and vapors above it.
  • FIG. 2 of the drawing shows the electrode 3 and the associated electrode holder 2 in detail.
  • the electrode holder 2 essentially consists of a coaxial tube 20 which consists of an inner tube 21, e.g. made of copper, and an outer tube 22, e.g. made of steel.
  • the electrode holder 2 is designed in a straight line over most of its length and is only bent downward in its end region 2 ′, which is on the right in FIG. 2, inside the furnace.
  • the outer tube 22 is shortened, so that the inner tube 21 is accessible from the outside.
  • a power cable 25 for power supply is connected in an electrically conductive manner to the inner tube 21 by means of a power connection block 24.
  • a cooling medium tube 4 runs through the hollow interior 23 of the coaxial tube 20 and is led out of the electrode holder 2 at the left end thereof.
  • the cooling medium for example air
  • the cooling medium can be fed into the cooling medium pipe 4 in the sense of the flow arrow 43 via an inlet connection 41.
  • the return of the cooling medium takes place through the space between the outside of the cooling medium tube 4 and the inside of the inner tube 41 of the coaxial tube 20.
  • Via a radial end at the outer end of the furnace The heated, returning cooling medium can be drawn off in the direction of the flow arrow 44 in the direction of the outlet connection 42 attached to the electrode holder 2.
  • the electrode 3 consists of the upper electrode part 30 'and the lower electrode part 30.
  • Both the upper electrode part 30' and the lower electrode part 30 are designed as cylindrical rods and can be detached from one another by means of two opposite thread ends 37 and 37 ' screwed.
  • the inner end 2 'of the electrode holder 2 is formed with a threaded end 28, here an internal thread, into which an opposite thread end 38' provided on the upper electrode part 30 ', here with an external thread, can be screwed.
  • the electrode holder end 2' is designed with a hexagon 29.
  • the upper electrode part 30' is equipped with key surfaces 39 cut from the outside.
  • the upper electrode part 30 ' is provided with a central cavity or a central bore 36 from above over part of its length.
  • the electrode-side end 40 of the cooling medium tube 4 projects into this bore 36 and ends at a distance from the bottom of the bore 36 in a coolant outlet 40 '.
  • the cooling medium supplied through the cooling medium tube 4 is thus conducted into the upper part of the electrode 3, from where it flows back through the outer part of the bore 36 and then through the intermediate space 23 between the cooling medium tube 4 and the inner tube 21 of the electrode holder 2 .
  • the upper electrode part 30 ' is assigned to the glass gall layer, i.e. its length essentially extends from the glass gall mirror 13' to the molten glass mirror 12 ', while the lower electrode part 30 lies entirely within the molten glass below the molten glass level 12'.
  • the upper electrode part 30 ' consists of pure chromium or oxide-dispersed steel and the lower electrode part 30 consists of molybdenum, platinum, tungsten or their alloys, which means that both electrode parts have an essentially identical service life 30 and 30 'is ensured during the operation of the glass melting furnace 1.

Landscapes

  • Glass Melting And Manufacturing (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Four de fusion de verre, destiné en particulier à la vitrification de déchets comprenant:
       un four inférieur (10) réalisé en matière réfractaire qui contient lors du fonctionnement continu du four (1) un bain de verre (12) ainsi qu'une couche (13) de fiel de verre superposée à celui-ci,
       un four supérieur (11) également réalisé en matière réfractaire,
       des électrodes (3) destinées à chauffer électriquement le bain de verre (12),
       une installation d'enfournement pour amener dans le four (1) une matière à fondre et
       une installation d'extraction tant pour le verre fondu que pour le fiel de verre
       caractérisé en ce que
       chaque électrode (3) est montée sur un porte-électrode creux (2), conduisant un moyen de refroidissement, se terminant au-dessus du niveau (13') de fiel de verre et est guidée du dessus vers le bain de verre (12) à travers la couche (13) de fiel de verre et en ce que
       chaque électrode (3) est réalisée en deux parties, une partie supérieure d'électrode (30') en chrome pur ou en acier renforcé par dispersion d'oxyde située dans la couche (13) de fiel de verre et une partie inférieure (30) d'électrode en molybdène, en platine, en tungstène ou en alliage de ceux-ci située dans le bain de verre (12).
  2. Four de fusion de verre selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le milieu refroidissant conduit à travers les portes-électrodes (2) est un gaz ou un mélange gazeux.
  3. Four de fusion de verre selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le milieu refroidissant est de l'air.
  4. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que le porte-électrode (2) et la partie supérieure (30') d'électrode (3) sont reliés entre eux de façon détachable.
  5. Four de fusion de verre selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le porte-électrode (2) et la partie supérieure (30') d'électrode sont vissés l'un à l'autre au moyen d'extrémités filetées complémentaires (28, 38').
  6. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la partie supérieure (30') d'électrode et la partie inférieure (30) d'électrode sont reliées entre elles de façon détachable.
  7. Four de fusion de verre selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la partie supérieure (30') d'électrode et la partie inférieure (30) d'électrode sont vissées entre elles au moyen d'extrémités filetées complémentaires (37', 37).
  8. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la partie supérieure (30) d'électrode est de structure creuse au moins sur une partie de sa longueur et peut être parcourue elle aussi par le milieu refroidissant qui parcourt le porte-électrode (2).
  9. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins les parties du four inférieur (10) et du four supérieur (11) qui viennent en contact lors du fonctionnement continu du four (1) avec le fiel de verre (13) consistent en une matière réfractaire contenant de l'oxyde de chrome.
  10. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que les surfaces de la matière réfractaire qui viennent en contact avec le fiel de verre (13) lors du fonctionnement continu du four (1) sont pourvues d'un revêtement en chrome ou en acier renforcé par dispersion d'oxyde.
  11. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'installation d'extraction du fiel de verre (13) est en matière réfractaire contenant de l'oxyde de chrome dans la zone de ses parties venant en contact avec le fiel de verre (13) lors de son extraction.
  12. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que l'installation d'extraction du fiel de verre (13) est pourvue d'un revêtement en chrome ou en acier renforcé par dispersion d'oxyde dans la zone de ses surfaces venant en contact avec le fiel de verre (13) lors de son extraction.
  13. Four de fusion de verre selon l'une au moins des revendications 1 à 12 pourvu d'au moins un thermocouple disposé dans le four supérieur, caractérisé par un tube de protection (6) de thermocouple en chrome ou en acier renforcé par dispersion de chrome.
EP90113030A 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Four de fusion de verre adapté en particulier à la vitrification de déchets Expired - Lifetime EP0465688B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES90113030T ES2045666T3 (es) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Horno de fundicion de vidrio, especialmente para la vitrificacion de sustancias de desecho.
DK90113030.2T DK0465688T3 (da) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Gassmelteovn, især til glasdannelse af affaldsstoffer
DE90113030T DE59002761D1 (de) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Glasschmelzofen, insbesondere für das Verglasen von Abfallstoffen.
EP90113030A EP0465688B1 (fr) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Four de fusion de verre adapté en particulier à la vitrification de déchets
AT90113030T ATE94715T1 (de) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Glasschmelzofen, insbesondere fuer das verglasen von abfallstoffen.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90113030A EP0465688B1 (fr) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Four de fusion de verre adapté en particulier à la vitrification de déchets

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0465688A1 EP0465688A1 (fr) 1992-01-15
EP0465688B1 true EP0465688B1 (fr) 1993-09-15

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ID=8204186

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90113030A Expired - Lifetime EP0465688B1 (fr) 1990-07-07 1990-07-07 Four de fusion de verre adapté en particulier à la vitrification de déchets

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0465688B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE94715T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE59002761D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK0465688T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2045666T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004031241A1 (de) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-26 Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrodensystem für Glas-Schmelzöfen

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004031242B3 (de) * 2004-06-29 2005-08-18 Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co Kg Elektrodensystem für Glas-Schmelzöfen
DE102006041106B4 (de) * 2006-09-01 2009-10-01 Schott Ag Elektrodensystem für Glasschmelzöfen

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2697125A (en) * 1952-09-12 1954-12-14 Gen Electric Electric glass melting furnace
FR2350309A2 (fr) * 1976-05-04 1977-12-02 Emballage Ste Gle Pour Perfectionnements apportes aux canaux de distribution de verre fondu, en vue d'homogeneiser la temperature du verre
US3983309A (en) * 1975-05-16 1976-09-28 Johns-Manville Corporation Primary electrode arrangement for high temperature melting furnace
US4468779A (en) * 1982-12-06 1984-08-28 Cri Engineering, Inc. Electrode assembly for melting glass
DE3247349C1 (de) * 1982-12-22 1984-05-24 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Wiederaufarbeitung von Kernbrennstoffen mbH, 3000 Hannover Schmelzofen zur Verglasung von hochradioaktivem Abfall
EP0372111B1 (fr) * 1988-12-07 1994-09-07 BETEILIGUNGEN SORG GMBH & CO. KG Electrode pour un four de fusion du verre
DE3841918C1 (fr) * 1988-12-13 1990-04-12 Sorg Gmbh & Co Kg, 8770 Lohr, De

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004031241A1 (de) * 2004-06-29 2006-01-26 Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrodensystem für Glas-Schmelzöfen
DE102004031241B4 (de) * 2004-06-29 2007-05-24 Beteiligungen Sorg Gmbh & Co. Kg Elektrodensystem für Glas-Schmelzöfen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE94715T1 (de) 1993-10-15
DK0465688T3 (da) 1994-03-14
DE59002761D1 (de) 1993-10-21
ES2045666T3 (es) 1994-01-16
EP0465688A1 (fr) 1992-01-15

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