EP0464400B1 - Method for making needled nonwoven fabrics - Google Patents
Method for making needled nonwoven fabrics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0464400B1 EP0464400B1 EP91109448A EP91109448A EP0464400B1 EP 0464400 B1 EP0464400 B1 EP 0464400B1 EP 91109448 A EP91109448 A EP 91109448A EP 91109448 A EP91109448 A EP 91109448A EP 0464400 B1 EP0464400 B1 EP 0464400B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fleece
- sealed
- nonwoven
- filaments
- needling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009189 diving Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005629 polypropylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005653 propylene-ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H5/00—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H5/06—Non woven fabrics formed of mixtures of relatively short fibres and yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length strengthened or consolidated by welding-together thermoplastic fibres, filaments, or yarns
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
- D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
- D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
- D04H1/485—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with weld-bonding
Definitions
- this disadvantageous process step of pre-needling can be eliminated by placing the still unconsolidated fleece coming from the spinning system on a rotating screen drum on which the finishing agent is sucked through the fleece in the form of a mist by means of negative pressure and over several suction zones are sucked through the inside of the sieve drum.
- the main disadvantage of this already improved method is that the The nonwoven's uniform weight per unit area is still unsatisfactory, since high production speeds are not possible and that a relatively complicated depositing device with the aid of negative pressure and complicated regulations is required.
- spunbonded nonwovens with good basis weight uniformity can be produced at about twice, in special cases also at higher production speeds compared to known methods.
- speeds of up to about 40 m / min and, in special cases, up to about 60 m / min can be achieved, depending on the nonwoven weight.
- conventional Processes for producing needled spunbonded nonwovens have a maximum production speed of about 20 m / min.
- the two nonwoven surfaces are preferably sealed only to a maximum depth of 0.2 mm.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for producing nonwovens from all thermoplastics suitable for spunbonding technology. It is preferred for the production of spunbonded fabrics from polyolefin threads, such as. B. polyethylene or polypropylene threads, polyamide threads or polyester threads. Polypropylene threads are particularly preferably used, both threads made of polypropylene homopolymers and propylene-ethylene copolymers being possible.
- the basis weights of the nonwovens produced are approximately 30 to 2500 g / m2, preferably approximately 100 to 2000 g / m2.
- the lubricant can by conventional methods such. B. be applied by spraying or by means of impregnation rollers.
- the subsequent needling is carried out on known needling machines, for example as described in DE-PS 30 09 116, where solidification is carried out in one step or in stages up to the desired degree of needling.
- the loose fleece structure was reversibly consolidated, whereby only the fibers located on the fleece surfaces were caught and softened by the temperature influence and by the roller pressure were pressed together, a kind of sintering effect being achieved at the crossing points of the fibers.
- Sufficiently viable surface layers were created on the top and bottom sides of the fleece, which can be redissolved in the later process, the layer thickness being less than 0.1 mm.
- the fleece obtained had the following properties: Grammage (DIN 53 854) 110 g / m2 Basis weight uniformity c V (DIN 53854) 8th % Strip tensile strength (DIN 53 857/2) 780 N / 10 cm Stamp puncture resistance x (DIN 54 307) 1320 N.
- Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a web with a basis weight of 1000 g / m2 was produced at a belt speed of 3 m / min. The pre-consolidation was carried out at 120 ° C - 125 ° C roller surface temperature and 35 - 40 N / mm line pressure. The thickness of the sealed surface layer was 0.2 mm, at least 90-95% of the fibers remained unconsolidated.
- Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a fleece with a basis weight of 70 g / m2 was produced at a belt speed of 35 m / min. The pre-consolidation was carried out at 130 - 135 ° C roller surface temperature and 20 - 30 N / mm line pressure. The thickness of the sealed surface layer was 0.05 mm, at least 60% of the fibers remained unconsolidated.
- polyester with an MFI (280 ° C / 2.16 kg) of 40-45 and a relative viscosity of 1.3-1.4 at 280-300 ° C were fibers with a fineness of 2-8 dtex spun and at a production speed of 27 m / min a fleece with a basis weight of 100 g / m2 is produced.
- the pre-consolidation on the calender was carried out at a roller surface temperature of 180 - 190 ° C and 25 - 30 N / mm line pressure.
- Basis weight 100 g / m2 Uniformity of basis weight 8th % Strip tensile strength 680 N / 10 cm Stamp puncture resistance 1140 N.
- Fibers with a fineness of 6-8 dtex were spun from polyamide 6 with a relative viscosity of 2.4-2.5 at 300-310 ° C and a nonwoven with a basis weight at a production speed of 10 m / min of 250 g / m2.
- the pre-consolidation on the calender was carried out at a roller surface temperature of 190 - 200 ° C and 30 - 35 N / mm line pressure.
- fibers with a fineness of 8-12 dtex were spun from polyethylene (HDPE) with an MFI (190 ° C./2.16 kg) of 12-14 at 210-240 ° C. and at a production speed of 25 m / min a fleece with a basis weight of 110 g / m2 is produced.
- the calender was pre-consolidated at a roller surface temperature of 90 - 100 ° C and 25 - 30 N / mm line pressure.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
- Element Separation (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Vehicle Interior And Exterior Ornaments, Soundproofing, And Insulation (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von vernadelten Spinnvliesen, bei dem ein aus abgelegten Endlosfäden bestehendes Vlies vor der Vernadelung nur an der Vliesoberfläche thermisch angesiegelt und mit einem Gleitmittel versetzt wird.The invention relates to a process for the production of needled spunbonded nonwovens, in which a nonwoven consisting of deposited continuous filaments is thermally sealed only on the surface of the nonwoven and needled with a lubricant.
Wie bereits aus der DE-PS 30 09 116 bekannt, ist es zur Erzielung von günstigen Vlieseigenschaften, insbesondere zur Erzielung einer hohen Vliesfestigkeit und Vliesgleichmäßigkeit wesentlich, das Vlies vor der Vernadelung zu avivieren. Durch die Behandlung der Vliese mit einem Avivagemittel vor der Vernadelung werden die Gleiteigenschaften verbessert, wodurch sich einerseits Nadelbrüche während des Vernadelns und andererseits eine Beschädigung der Fäden vermeiden lassen. Der Avivageauftrag erfolgte dabei mittels Düsen Oder durch Tauchen. Beim Auftrag mittels Düsen zeigte sich durch die Strahlwirkung jedoch der Nachteil, daß das Vliesgefüge der noch losen und unverfestigten Vliesbahnen zum Teil zerstört und der Zusammenhalt des Vlieses aufgelöst wurde. Auch beim Tauchen des losen Fadengeleges, beispielsweise in einem flüssigen Gleitmittelbad oder in Schaum, erfolgte eine Zerstörung des Vliesgefüges. Es war daher notwendig, das Vlies vor der Avivierung durch eine leichte Vorvernadelung leicht zu fixieren. Dies hatte jedoch den Nachteil, daß zur Vermeidung einer allzu großen Schädigung des nicht avivierten Vlieses sowie zur Vermeidung von Nadelbrüchen, die Produktionsgeschwindigkeit stark reduziert werden mußte.As already known from DE-PS 30 09 116, in order to achieve favorable nonwoven properties, in particular to achieve high nonwoven strength and nonwoven uniformity, it is essential to finish the nonwoven before needling. By treating the nonwovens with a finishing agent prior to needling, the sliding properties are improved, whereby on the one hand needle breaks during needling and on the other hand damage to the threads can be avoided. The finish order was made by means of nozzles or by diving. When applying by means of nozzles, however, the jet effect showed the disadvantage that the fleece structure of the still loose and unconsolidated fleece webs was partially destroyed and the cohesion of the fleece was broken. The fleece structure was also destroyed when the loose laid scrim was immersed, for example in a liquid lubricant bath or in foam. It was therefore necessary to fix the fleece slightly before needling with a light pre-needling. However, this had the disadvantage that the production speed had to be greatly reduced in order to avoid excessive damage to the non-finished nonwoven and to avoid needle breaks.
Gemäß DE-PS 30 09 116 kann dieser nachteilige Verfahrensschritt der Vorvernadelung dadurch ausgeschaltet werden, daß das noch unverfestigte, von der Spinnanlage kommende Vlies auf einer rotierenden Siebtrommel abgelegt wird, auf der das Avivagemittel in Form eines Nebels mittels Unterdrucks durch das Vlies hindurchgesaugt und über mehrere Saugzonen durch das Innere der Siebtrommel abgesaugt wird. Der Nachteil dieses bereits verbesserten Verfahrens liegt vor allem darin, daß die Flächengewichtsgleichmäßigkeit des Vlieses immer noch nicht zufriedenstellend ist, daS keine hohen Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten möglich sind und daS eine relativ komplizierte Ablagevorrichtung unter Zuhilfenahme von Unterdruck und komplizierten Regelungen erforderlich ist.According to DE-PS 30 09 116 this disadvantageous process step of pre-needling can be eliminated by placing the still unconsolidated fleece coming from the spinning system on a rotating screen drum on which the finishing agent is sucked through the fleece in the form of a mist by means of negative pressure and over several suction zones are sucked through the inside of the sieve drum. The main disadvantage of this already improved method is that the The nonwoven's uniform weight per unit area is still unsatisfactory, since high production speeds are not possible and that a relatively complicated depositing device with the aid of negative pressure and complicated regulations is required.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung lag darin, die beschriebenen Nachteile zu vermeiden und vor allem ein Verfahren bereitzustellen, mit dem bei hoher Produktionsgeschwindigkeit ein gleichmäßiges Vlies mit guten mechanischen Eigenschaften hergestellt werden kann. Die Lösung der Aufgabe wurde darin gefunden, daß das von der Spinnanlage kommende Vlies nur an den Oberflächen thermisch angesiegelt wird.The object of the invention was to avoid the disadvantages described and above all to provide a method with which a uniform nonwoven with good mechanical properties can be produced at high production speed. The solution to the problem was found in that the fleece coming from the spinning plant is thermally sealed only on the surfaces.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist demnach ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von vernadelten Spinnvliesen aus Thermoplastfasern, das dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die von der Spinnanlage kommenden, verstreckten und zu einem Vlies abgelegten Fäden
- a) an beiden Vliesoberflächen thermisch angesiegelt,
- b) mit einem Gleitmittel versetzt und
- c) durch Vernadelung verfestigt werden, wobei auch die Versinterung an den Kreuzungspunkten der Fäden auf den angesiegelten Vliesoberflächen wieder gelöst wird.
- a) thermally sealed on both fleece surfaces,
- b) mixed with a lubricant and
- c) are solidified by needling, the sintering at the crossing points of the threads on the sealed nonwoven surfaces also being released again.
Mit Hilfe des Verfahrens ist es möglich, das nur oberflächlich ganz leicht angesiegelte Vlies ohne Zerstörung des Vliesgefüges zu transportieren und mit Gleitmittel zu versetzen. Das Gleitmittel dringt dabei durch die angesiegelten Vliesoberflächen in das Vlies ein und bewirkt eine gute und für die anschließende Vernadelung auch für hohe Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten geeignete Imprägnierung. Gemäß dem Verfahren können Spinnvliese mit guter Flächengewichtsgleichmäßigkeit etwa mit der doppelten, in Sonderfällen auch mit höheren Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten im Vergleich zu bekannten Verfahren hergestellt werden. Erfindungsgemäß können je nach Vliesgewicht Geschwindigkeiten bis zu etwa 40 m/min, in Sonderfällen bis zu etwa 60 m/min erreicht werden. Bei herkömmlichen Verfahren zur Herstellung vernadelter Spinnvliese liegen die Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten bei maximal etwa 20 m/min. Die erfindungsgemäßen hohen Produktionsgeschwindigkeiten sind insbesondere aufgrund des Ersatzes der limitierenden Verfahrensschritte des Vorvernadelns bzw. des Avivierens auf der Siebtrommel mittels Unterdruck durch den wesentlich schnelleren Verfahrensschritt des thermischen Ansiegelns möglich. Durch das thermische Ansiegeln der Vliesoberflächen werden die an der Oberfläche liegenden Fäden an ihren Kreuzungspunkten leicht miteinander versintert, ohne daß es zu einem Anschmelzen der Fäden kommt. Die Oberflächen dieser an der Vliesoberfläche liegenden Fasern werden dabei aufgeweicht, ohne zu schmelzen, wobei eine Art Sinterwirkung an den Kreuzungspunkten der Fasern erzielt wird. Die Verbindung der Fäden durch das Ansiegeln ist reversibel und wird beim Vernadeln wieder gelöst, sodaß schließlich als Endprodukt ein Vlies vorliegt, das ausschließlich durch Vernadeln und nicht durch thermisches Verschmelzen verfestigt ist.With the aid of the method it is possible to transport the fleece, which is only lightly sealed on the surface, without destroying the fleece structure and to add lubricant. The lubricant penetrates the fleece through the sealed fleece surfaces and provides good impregnation that is suitable for subsequent needling even at high production speeds. According to the method, spunbonded nonwovens with good basis weight uniformity can be produced at about twice, in special cases also at higher production speeds compared to known methods. According to the invention, speeds of up to about 40 m / min and, in special cases, up to about 60 m / min can be achieved, depending on the nonwoven weight. With conventional Processes for producing needled spunbonded nonwovens have a maximum production speed of about 20 m / min. The high production speeds according to the invention are possible, in particular, due to the replacement of the limiting process steps of pre-needling or of finishing on the screen drum by means of negative pressure due to the much faster process step of thermal sealing. Due to the thermal sealing of the fleece surfaces, the threads lying on the surface are easily sintered together at their crossing points without the threads melting. The surfaces of these fibers lying on the nonwoven surface are softened without melting, a kind of sintering effect being achieved at the crossing points of the fibers. The connection of the threads by sealing is reversible and is loosened again when needling, so that finally the end product is a nonwoven which is solidified exclusively by needling and not by thermal fusion.
Durch das erfindungsgemäße thermische Ansiegeln der Vliese nun an deren Oberflächen, wobei die Kernzone der Vliese unverfestigt bleibt, entstehen ausreichend tragfähige, transportfähige und avivierfähige Fadengelege, deren Gefüge während des Gleitmittelauftrages nicht zerstört wird. Dadurch wird nach der Vernadelung, bei der die angesiegelten Oberflächenschichten wieder aufgelöst werden, ein gleichmäßiges Vlies erhalten. Die Gleichmäßigkeit der Vliese wurde in den Beispielen durch den Variationskoeffizienten cV gemäß DIN 53854 angegeben.The thermal sealing of the nonwovens according to the invention now on their surfaces, the core zone of the nonwovens remaining unconsolidated, results in sufficiently load-bearing, transportable and vivifiable scrims, the structure of which is not destroyed during the application of the lubricant. As a result, a uniform fleece is obtained after needling, in which the sealed surface layers are dissolved again. The uniformity of the nonwovens was indicated in the examples by the coefficient of variation c V according to DIN 53854.
Bevorzugt werden die beiden Vliesoberflächen nur bis zu einer Tiefe von maximal 0,2 mm angesiegelt.The two nonwoven surfaces are preferably sealed only to a maximum depth of 0.2 mm.
Das thermische Ansiegeln kann beispielsweise mittels beheizter Walzen, Bänder, Platten oder Flächen bzw. durch Heizstrahler, z. B. IR-Strahler erfolgen. Bevorzugt werden beheizte Walzen verwendet, besonders bevorzugt wird das Vlies durch den Spalt zweier Kalanderwalzen geführt. Die Walzentemperatur und die Oberflächentemperatur des Vlieses liegen unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes der eingesetzten Thermoplastfäden. Im Falle von beispielsweise Polypropylenvliesen (Schmelzpunkt 165°C) werden die Kalanderwalzen bevorzugt auf etwa 120 - 140°C erwärmt. Der Vorteil der Verwendung eines Kalanders liegt dabei darin, daß die Sinterwirkung bei den aufgeweichten, nicht geschmolzenen Fasern an den Kreuzungspunkten durch den Walzendruck verstärkt wird. Sowohl die Größe des Walzenspaltes als auch der Walzendruck können optimal den jeweiligen Vliesgewichten, der Fadenfeinheit, der Temperatur, den verwendeten Thermoplastfäden sowie der Produktionsgeschwindigkeit angepaßt werden können.The thermal sealing can for example by means of heated rollers, belts, plates or surfaces or by radiant heaters, e.g. B. IR emitters. Heated rolls are preferably used, and the nonwoven is particularly preferably passed through the nip of two calender rolls. The roller temperature and the surface temperature of the fleece are below the Melting point of the thermoplastic threads used. In the case of, for example, polypropylene nonwovens (melting point 165 ° C.), the calender rolls are preferably heated to approximately 120-140 ° C. The advantage of using a calender is that the sintering effect on the softened, non-melted fibers at the crossing points is increased by the roller pressure. Both the size of the nip and the roller pressure can be optimally adapted to the respective fleece weights, the thread count, the temperature, the thermoplastic threads used and the production speed.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren eignet sich zur Herstellung von Vliesen aus allen für die Spinnvliestechnik geeigneten Thermoplasten. Bevorzugt wird es zur Herstellung von Spinnvliesen aus Polyolefinfäden, wie z. B. Polyethylen- oder Polypropylenfäden, Polyamidfäden oder Polyesterfäden eingesetzt. Besonders bevorzugt werden Polypropylenfäden verwendet, wobei sowohl Fäden aus Polypropylen-Homopolymeren als auch aus Propylen-Ethylen-Copolymeren möglich sind. Die Flächengewichte der hergestellten Vliese liegen bei etwa 30 bis 2500 g/m², bevorzugt bei etwa 100 bis 2000 g/m².The method according to the invention is suitable for producing nonwovens from all thermoplastics suitable for spunbonding technology. It is preferred for the production of spunbonded fabrics from polyolefin threads, such as. B. polyethylene or polypropylene threads, polyamide threads or polyester threads. Polypropylene threads are particularly preferably used, both threads made of polypropylene homopolymers and propylene-ethylene copolymers being possible. The basis weights of the nonwovens produced are approximately 30 to 2500 g / m², preferably approximately 100 to 2000 g / m².
Als Gleitmittel können sowohl Wasser als auch die in der Textiltechnik üblichen Avivagemittel verwendet werden, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE-PS 30 09 116 beschrieben sind. Das Gleitmittel kann durch übliche Verfahren, wie z. B. durch Besprühen oder mittels Imprägnierwalzen aufgebracht werden.Both water and the finishing agents customary in textile technology, such as are described, for example, in DE-PS 30 09 116, can be used as lubricants. The lubricant can by conventional methods such. B. be applied by spraying or by means of impregnation rollers.
Das anschließende Vernadeln erfolgt auf bekannten Nadelmaschinen, beispielsweise wie in der DE-PS 30 09 116 beschrieben, wo auf einmal oder stufenweise die Verfestigung bis zum gewünschten Vernadelungsgrad vorgenommen wird.The subsequent needling is carried out on known needling machines, for example as described in DE-PS 30 09 116, where solidification is carried out in one step or in stages up to the desired degree of needling.
Polypropylen mit einem MFI (melt flow index bei 230°C und 2,16 kg Belastung gemäß DIN 53735) von 17 - 21 und einer Molekularmassenverteilung von 2,3 - 2,7 wurde in einem Extruder bei 230 - 260°C aufgeschmolzen, auf einer 1 m breiten Versuchsspinnanlage mittels Spinndüsen zu Fasern versponnen, über ein aerodynamisches Abzugssystem abgezogen, auf 8 - 12 dtex Feinheit verstreckt und auf ein Spinnband zu einem wirren Fadengebilde abgelegt. Bei einer Bandgeschwindigkeit von 25 m/min wurde ein Vlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 110 g/m² hergestellt. Das noch unverfestigte Flächengebilde wurde anschließend über ein Einlaufband in einen Zweiwalzen-Kalander eingebracht. Bei 125°C - 130°C Oberflächentemperatur der ölbeheizten Kalanderwalzen und einem aufgebrachten Liniendruck von 30 - 35 N/mm wurde das lose Vliesgefüge reversibel verfestigt, wobei nur die sich jeweils an den Vliesoberflächen befindlichen Fasern vom Temperatureinfluß erfaßt und aufgeweicht, sowie durch den Walzendruck zusammengepreßt wurden, wobei an den Kreuzungspunkten der Fasern eine Art Sinterwirkung erzielt wurde. Dabei entstanden ausreichend tragfähige, aber im späteren Prozeß wiederauflösbare Oberflächenschichten an Ober- und Unterseite des Vlieses, wobei die Schichtdicke weniger als 0,1 mm betrug. Der Kernbereich des Vlieses, hier mindestens 80 % der Fasern blieben unverfestigt.Polypropylene with an MFI (melt flow index at 230 ° C and 2.16 kg load according to DIN 53735) of 17-21 and a molecular mass distribution of 2.3-2.7 was melted in an extruder at 230-260 ° C a 1 m wide test spinning system spun into fibers by means of spinnerets, drawn off via an aerodynamic take-off system, stretched to 8-12 dtex fineness and placed on a spinning belt to form a tangled thread structure. At a belt speed of 25 m / min, a fleece with a basis weight of 110 g / m² was produced. The as yet unconsolidated sheet was then introduced into a two-roll calender via an infeed belt. At 125 ° C - 130 ° C surface temperature of the oil-heated calender rolls and an applied line pressure of 30 - 35 N / mm, the loose fleece structure was reversibly consolidated, whereby only the fibers located on the fleece surfaces were caught and softened by the temperature influence and by the roller pressure were pressed together, a kind of sintering effect being achieved at the crossing points of the fibers. Sufficiently viable surface layers were created on the top and bottom sides of the fleece, which can be redissolved in the later process, the layer thickness being less than 0.1 mm. The core area of the fleece, here at least 80% of the fibers, remained unconsolidated.
Dieses Vorvlies wurde anschließend auf einem Walzenfoulard mit einem Gleitmittel benetzt. Anschließend wurde das angesiegelte und avivierte Vlies einer zweistufigen Vernadelung (jeweils 80 Einstiche/cm²) zugeführt, wobei die angesiegelte Vliesoberfläche vollständig aufgelöst wurde.This preliminary fleece was then wetted with a lubricant on a roll pad. The sealed and finished nonwoven was then fed to a two-stage needling (80 punctures / cm² in each case), the sealed nonwoven surface being completely dissolved.
Das erhaltene Vlies zeigte folgende Eigenschaften:
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurde bei einer Bandgeschwindigkeit von 3 m/min ein Vlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 1000 g/m² hergestellt. Dabei wurde die Vorverfestigung bei 120°C - 125°C Walzenoberflächentemperatur und 35 - 40 N/mm Liniendruck durchgeführt. Die Dicke der angesiegelten Oberflächenschicht betrug 0,2 mm, mindestens 90 - 95 % der Fasern blieben unverfestigt.Analogously to Example 1, a web with a basis weight of 1000 g / m² was produced at a belt speed of 3 m / min. The pre-consolidation was carried out at 120 ° C - 125 ° C roller surface temperature and 35 - 40 N / mm line pressure. The thickness of the sealed surface layer was 0.2 mm, at least 90-95% of the fibers remained unconsolidated.
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurde bei einer Bandgeschwindigkeit von 35 m/min ein Vlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 70 g/m² hergestellt. Dabei wurde die Vorverfestigung bei 130 - 135°C Walzenoberflächentemperatur und 20 - 30 N/mm Liniendruck durchgeführt. Die Dicke der angesiegelten Oberflächenschicht betrug 0,05 mm, mindestens 60 % der Fasern blieben unverfestigt.Analogously to Example 1, a fleece with a basis weight of 70 g / m² was produced at a belt speed of 35 m / min. The pre-consolidation was carried out at 130 - 135 ° C roller surface temperature and 20 - 30 N / mm line pressure. The thickness of the sealed surface layer was 0.05 mm, at least 60% of the fibers remained unconsolidated.
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurden aus Polyester mit einem MFI (280°C/2,16 kg) von 40 - 45 und einer relativen Viskosität von 1,3 - 1,4 bei 280 - 300°C Fasern mit einer Feinheit von2 - 8 dtex gesponnen und bei einer Produktionsgeschwindigkeit von 27 m/min ein Vlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 100 g/m² hergestellt. Die Vorverfestigung am Kalander erfolgte bei einer Walzenoberflächentemperatur von 180 - 190°C und 25 - 30 N/mm Liniendruck.Analogously to Example 1, polyester with an MFI (280 ° C / 2.16 kg) of 40-45 and a relative viscosity of 1.3-1.4 at 280-300 ° C were fibers with a fineness of 2-8 dtex spun and at a production speed of 27 m / min a fleece with a basis weight of 100 g / m² is produced. The pre-consolidation on the calender was carried out at a roller surface temperature of 180 - 190 ° C and 25 - 30 N / mm line pressure.
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurden aus Polyamid 6 mit einer relativen Viskosität von 2,4 - 2,5 bei 300 - 310°C Fasern mit einer Feinheit von 6 - 8 dtex gesponnen und bei einer Produktionsgeschwindigkeit von 10 m/min ein Vlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 250 g/m² hergestellt. Die Vorverfestigung am Kalander erfolgte bei einer Walzenoberflächentemperatur von 190 - 200°C und 30 - 35 N/mm Liniendruck.Analogously to Example 1, fibers with a fineness of 6-8 dtex were spun from polyamide 6 with a relative viscosity of 2.4-2.5 at 300-310 ° C and a nonwoven with a basis weight at a production speed of 10 m / min of 250 g / m². The pre-consolidation on the calender was carried out at a roller surface temperature of 190 - 200 ° C and 30 - 35 N / mm line pressure.
Analog zu Beispiel 1 wurden aus Polyethylen (HDPE) mit einem MFI (190°C/2,16 kg) von 12 - 14 bei 210 - 240°C Fasern mit einer Feinheit von 8 - 12 dtex gesponnen und bei einer Produktionsgeschwindigkeit von 25 m/min ein Vlies mit einem Flächengewicht von 110 g/m² hergestellt. Die Vorverfestigung am Kalander erfolgte bei einer Walzenoberflächentemperatur von 90 - 100°C und 25 - 30 N/mm Liniendruck.Analogously to Example 1, fibers with a fineness of 8-12 dtex were spun from polyethylene (HDPE) with an MFI (190 ° C./2.16 kg) of 12-14 at 210-240 ° C. and at a production speed of 25 m / min a fleece with a basis weight of 110 g / m² is produced. The calender was pre-consolidated at a roller surface temperature of 90 - 100 ° C and 25 - 30 N / mm line pressure.
Claims (6)
- Process for manufacturing needled spunbondeds from thermoplastic fibres, characterized in that the filaments as spun, attenuated and formed into a web area) thermally sealed at both web surfaces,b) provided with a lubricant, andc) consolidated by needling, which also undoes the sintering at the crossing points of the filaments on the incipiently sealed web surfaces.
- Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the two web surfaces are sealed to a depth of not more than 0.2 mm.
- Process according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the web surfaces are sealed by means of heated rolls.
- Process according to Claim 3, characterized in that the web surfaces are sealed by means of heated calender rolls.
- Process according to any of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the thermoplastic filaments are polyolefin filaments, polyamide filaments or polyester filaments.
- Process according to Claim 5, characterized in that the thermoplastic filaments are made of polypropylene.
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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AT0140190A AT394216B (en) | 1990-07-02 | 1990-07-02 | METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION OF NEEDLED SPINNING PLANTS |
AT1401/90 | 1990-07-02 |
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EP0464400B1 true EP0464400B1 (en) | 1995-07-19 |
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EP91109448A Expired - Lifetime EP0464400B1 (en) | 1990-07-02 | 1991-06-08 | Method for making needled nonwoven fabrics |
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US (1) | US5213735A (en) |
EP (1) | EP0464400B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JPH0796747B2 (en) |
KR (1) | KR100195383B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN1025874C (en) |
AT (2) | AT394216B (en) |
AU (1) | AU625571B2 (en) |
BG (1) | BG60076B2 (en) |
BR (1) | BR9102744A (en) |
CA (1) | CA2043685C (en) |
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DK (1) | DK0464400T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2074609T3 (en) |
FI (1) | FI97976C (en) |
HR (1) | HRP940776B1 (en) |
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IE (1) | IE67129B1 (en) |
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NZ (1) | NZ238441A (en) |
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RO (1) | RO108704B1 (en) |
RU (1) | RU1833444C (en) |
SA (1) | SA91110424B1 (en) |
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JP2001146671A (en) * | 1999-11-16 | 2001-05-29 | Toyobo Co Ltd | Long fiber nonwoven fabric |
KR100430914B1 (en) * | 2001-08-01 | 2004-05-10 | 전종술 | A opening method of waste glass fiber felt and It's equipment |
FR2862987B1 (en) | 2003-11-28 | 2006-09-22 | Saint Gobain Vetrotex | GLASS MAT NEEDLED |
JP4071704B2 (en) * | 2003-12-08 | 2008-04-02 | 名古屋油化株式会社 | Molding material made of stretchable nonwoven fabric and interior material made using the same |
EP1658970B1 (en) * | 2004-11-23 | 2009-06-24 | Reifenhäuser GmbH & Co. KG Maschinenfabrik | Laminate having at least three layers and process for producing the same |
US20090220729A1 (en) * | 2006-03-24 | 2009-09-03 | Francois Roederer | Needle-Punched Glass Mat |
CN101219307B (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2010-05-19 | 上海博格工业用布有限公司 | Method for manufacturing non-woven filter material combined of filature fleece formation and water fluid jet reinforce |
CN106868718B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2020-02-21 | 天鼎丰聚丙烯材料技术有限公司 | High-strength polypropylene spun-bonded needle-punched geotextile and preparation method thereof |
CN106906538B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2019-12-13 | 天鼎丰聚丙烯材料技术有限公司 | Polypropylene filament, polypropylene filament needle-punched reverse-filtration geotextile and preparation method |
FR3070623B1 (en) * | 2017-09-04 | 2020-10-09 | Coriolis Composites | PROCESS FOR MAKING A PART IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL BY NEEDLING ORIENTED OF A PREFORM |
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FR1601049A (en) * | 1968-12-31 | 1970-08-03 | ||
US3660555A (en) * | 1969-03-06 | 1972-05-02 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Method of bonding nonwoven textile fabrics |
US3994759A (en) * | 1970-07-23 | 1976-11-30 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Needled nonwoven material and method for making same |
FR2157270A5 (en) * | 1971-10-20 | 1973-06-01 | Pate De Bois | Non-woven fabric - for soil stabilisation |
CA989879A (en) * | 1972-04-10 | 1976-05-25 | Ping-Wha Lin | Calcium oxide particles coated with calcium sulfate |
JPS5335623B2 (en) * | 1972-07-17 | 1978-09-28 | ||
IT992893B (en) * | 1972-08-17 | 1975-09-30 | Lutravil Spinnvlies | HIGH RESISTANCE AND DIMENSIONALLY STABLE SPINNING VEILS AND PROCESS FOR THEIR PREPARATION |
JPS6025543B2 (en) * | 1975-11-10 | 1985-06-19 | 株式会社クラレ | Method for manufacturing continuous filament nonwoven fabric with good entanglement properties |
DE3009116A1 (en) * | 1980-03-10 | 1981-09-24 | Lentia GmbH Chem. u. pharm. Erzeugnisse - Industriebedarf, 8000 München | Random laid needle felts with high tear strengths - produced by treatment with finishing agent before needling |
JPS6025543A (en) * | 1983-07-21 | 1985-02-08 | Teijin Yuka Kk | Catalyst composition and dealkylation method |
DE3405669A1 (en) * | 1984-02-17 | 1985-08-22 | Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim | FILLED FABRIC AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
US4582750A (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1986-04-15 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Process for making a nonwoven fabric of needling, heating, burnishing and cooling |
JP2576973B2 (en) * | 1986-07-05 | 1997-01-29 | キヤノン株式会社 | Ceramic forming composition and semiconductor and dielectric ceramic substrates and capacitors using the same |
JP2749330B2 (en) * | 1988-08-22 | 1998-05-13 | ユニチカ株式会社 | High modulus needle punched nonwoven fabric and method for producing the same |
DE3835007A1 (en) * | 1988-10-13 | 1990-04-19 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | METHOD FOR PRODUCING NEEDLE FELT FROM STONE WOOL |
US4935295A (en) * | 1988-12-01 | 1990-06-19 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Needling process for spundbonded composites |
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1990
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- 1991-07-01 HU HU912217A patent/HU211375B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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- 1991-07-01 PL PL91290904A patent/PL167572B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-01 MX MX9100039A patent/MX9100039A/en unknown
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- 1991-07-02 TR TR91/0665A patent/TR25463A/en unknown
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