Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
  • G03B21/10—Projectors with built-in or built-on screen
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/64—Imaging systems using optical elements for stabilisation of the lateral and angular position of the image
  • G02B27/642—Optical derotators, i.e. systems for compensating for image rotation, e.g. using rotating prisms, mirrors
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • G03B21/00—Projectors or projection-type viewers; Accessories therefor
  • G03B21/14—Details
  • G03B21/28—Reflectors in projection beam
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
  • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
  • G03B37/00—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe
  • G03B37/02—Panoramic or wide-screen photography; Photographing extended surfaces, e.g. for surveying; Photographing internal surfaces, e.g. of pipe with scanning movement of lens or cameras

Definitions

• the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
• Devices in the sense of the invention are to be understood exclusively as devices in which an image or its image can be seen.
• Projectors e.g. Film projectors that require an external screen are excluded.
• Images in the sense of the invention are, for example, transmitted light images such as transparencies, transmitted light LCD images or the like; single or multi-colored light / dark covers; Luminous screens, such as translucent projection screens, electroluminescent screens, TV screens or the like. Under a translucent, if possible afterglow-free projection screen is a glass-like plate, e.g. a frosted glass pane to understand, which makes the image appear.
• the rotatable image viewing part hereinafter simply referred to as the viewing part, includes all parts which are connected to one another and serve to present the image all around and, e.g. motor, are drivable.
• Light reflection parts in the sense of the invention are to be understood as mirrors, but also projection screens, for example in the form of an internal screen, but possibly also reflected light images.
• the lighting device is to be understood as the most advantageous combination of light source, concave mirror, condenser lens or collimator lens under the given conditions; it can also be arranged externally, e.g. in the form of a slide projector.
• the deflecting part for deflecting light rays is to be understood as meaning those optical components which carry the light rays reflect or refract at least once, such as mirrors, which can also be semi-transparent; Prisms; Licht ⁇ fibers; Lenses or lens systems, in particular according to one of the aforementioned deflecting parts.
• the grid consists of an arrangement of parallel lamellae.
• WO 88/095466 the content of which is considered to be disclosed in the context of the present invention, describes its design and mode of operation.
• the light source lamp or radiation sources are possible, send the convertible light or light beams, for example including cathode ray tubes, 'light emitting diode arrays, or the like .. electroluminescence neszenzplatten
• Image displays for presenting a flat image over a viewing angle of e.g. 180 ° or 360 ° are known, e.g. from US Pat. Nos. 4,760,443, 3,976,837, 4,431,280 and 3,324,760, which are considered to be disclosed in the context of this application, PCT application WO 88/09546 and GB-PS 299,788.
• the first-mentioned US PS and the PCT application partly describe relatively well-functioning image display systems which, however, cannot yet be used for all the desired applications.
• the light source is accommodated in a stationary manner because of an increased service life of the light source and because there is no need for slip rings or the like, as is shown, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,760,443, FIGS. 3 to 5.
• the rotation of the television set (105) shown there about a vertical axis passing through its image surface causes a number of problems with the centrifugal force, power supply, signal supply, etc.
• the electronic rotation of the image is due to the possible afterglow behavior of the luminous layer problematic.
• FIG. 3 of US Pat. No. 4,760,443 has a static light source which throws the light onto an x-ray image (206) or a lamella grid (15) via an inclined mirror; however, since the latter is fastened to the cylinder outer wall of a rotatable cylinder, the viewer may experience considerable blurring effects which make the image unrecognizable, especially at higher speeds of rotation.
• WO 88/09546 shows the rotating part of a 360 ° image display with static light sources underneath.
• the rotating part is essentially made of light-conducting material and concentrates the light of the light source behind the transmitted light image. The replacement or Changing the transmitted light images is difficult.
• the image display of US Pat. No. 3,976,837 corresponds in principle to the variant of FIG. 2A of US Pat. No. 4,760,443 and can only be used with reservations for the same reasons mentioned above.
• the arrangement of the image display according to US Pat. No. 4,431,280 enables stereoscopic viewing of an image, but is very complicated due to the large number of moving and rotated individual parts.
• the projection optics described here contain, as an essential part, a Dove reversing prism which rotates at half the angular velocity in relation to a rotatable rotor which carries a projection surface.
• the rotating, projected sectional image conveys a spatial image of the rotating body that can be viewed from all sides. In this way, however, only rotationally symmetrical bodies can be represented.
• the object of the invention is to avoid or at least reduce all the disadvantages described and to create the possibility for a (preferably all-round) image presentation which is mechanically simpler and thus less susceptible to malfunction, and at that the course of the light rays can be varied within wide limits depending on special wishes and different areas of application.
• This is surprisingly achieved for the first time satisfactorily by the features described in the characterizing part of claim 1 or 2.
• Advantageous further developments of the invention are described in the characteristics of the subclaims.
• a transmitted light image 1 or an incident light image 14 is rotated about the axis of rotation 56.
• the image 1 or 14 itself is illuminated or illuminated, the presented image is visible in its natural size.
• the image 14 can also be seen in its natural size in FIG. 3, however the image itself is not presented to the viewer, but rather via a mirror 4.
• a transmitted light image 1 is rotated in FIGS. 4 and 5, for the better understanding of which the description of FIGS. 9 and 10 is used. The viewer sees the enlarged image. If image 1 or 14 is rotated alone in the cases shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 2 a and 6, the image is additionally rotated in the examples of FIGS. 3 to 5.
• the grid 5 which is arranged between the image or image and the viewer, due to its lamellae, means that the image or image is only visible to the viewer in the viewing direction perpendicular to the image or image plane. For this purpose, it rotates in synchronism with the image about the axis of rotation 56, the axis of rotation 56 passing through the “plane” formed by the grid, approximately designated as such. In FIGS. 1, 2, 2 a and 6, the axis of rotation 56 thus lies in this “plane”; in FIG. 3, the grid 5c (dashed) can either be attached parallel to the picture 14c or, as not shown, perpendicular to it, corresponding to FIGS. 1, 2, 2a and 6.
• the grid "Plane" perpendicular to the axis of rotation 56c is thus penetrated by it, the shadowing effect for the observer takes place via the reflection on the mirror 4c.
• the light rays will pass through it at least twice, as a result of which the illuminance for the image 14c and thus also the luminance of the image presented to the viewer is reduced.
• the viewing part 120 can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2, 2 a, 3 and 6, which is mounted rotatably about the axis 56 in a housing 57 (not shown in FIG. 3).
• a base plate 7 carries the grid and the image 1 or 14 (FIGS. 1, 2, 2 a and 6; possibly also FIG. 3, see above); Recesses 22 are provided for receiving optical components or for the passage of light for illuminating the image 1 or 14 (FIGS. 1, 2,2a, 3 and 6).
• Mirrors 4 for illuminating image 1 (FIGS. 1, 2a and 6) or for imaging image 14 (FIG. 3) are provided in the viewing part; Such a mirror can be dispensed with in the variant shown in FIG. 2.
• the viewing part 120 can be designed in the form of a closed tube which has a reflected light image 14b or a mirror 4e or 4t (FIG. 2 , 2a or 6), while the part facing the observer must be transparent.
• the viewing part 120 can also - for weight save - be limited to the respective combination of the rotating parts of base plate 7, grid 5, mirror 4, image 1 or 14.
• the cylindrical housing 57 is transparent in the area 91 assigned to the viewing part 120, so that an observer from all viewing directions around the housing 57 has a clear view of the rotating viewing part 120 and the presented image.
• a rotating prism 2 is provided, which is preferably designed as Dovesches reversing prism and can be rotated according to the arrow 11 about an axis parallel to its base surface.
• the transmitted light image 1 is mirrored and rotated, with a double rotation frequency.
• the rotated and occasionally enlarged image is presented to the viewer after passing through a grid 5 via a lens system 8 or other suitable optical components.
• the axis of rotation 122f for the Dove prism 2f and the axis of rotation 56f of the viewing part 120f are not identical; the image 1f is rotated by means of the Dove prism 2f, via a deflection prism 3f and a lens system 8f (dash-dotted) on the base plate 7f designed as a projection screen and presented via a mirror 4f by the lamella grid 5f. 8 shows the possibility of replacing the Dove prism by the combination of suitably arranged mirrors 121. This combination of mirrors is rotated about the axis 122g, which can, but does not have to, coincide with the axis of rotation 56 of the viewing part 120.
• a mirror 25 is provided instead of the deflection prism 3.
• the rotating image of the image 1h when the rays pass through the Dove prism 2h can be seen from FIG. 9 using the two rays 123 and 124.
• the dot-dash line shows the position of the Dove prism 2h 1 rotated by 90 °. 10 shows in section these two rotational positions of the prism 2h and 2h 1 about the axis of rotation 122h.
• Image 1 is either perpendicular to this axis (FIG. 15) or parallel to it and is reflected by a mirror 25 or a deflecting prism 3 in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation 122 or 56 (FIGS. 11, 12 and 13 ). Image 1 is shown enlarged via optical components, except in the variant shown in FIG. 14.
• this is done by means of two mirrors, preferably a combination of a plane mirror 25i 'and a convex mirror 4i, which can be designated approximately as such, whose special curvature, which can be determined empirically or computationally, provides an undistorted, enlarged image of the image 1i the translucent projection screen 6i.
• the base plate 7i has a recess 22i in the form of a circular sector.
• mirrors 25n and 4n are provided, which enlarge the image 1n rotated by the Dove prism 2n and display it on a projection screen 6n, which can also be illuminated.
• a type of deflection prism 3j is provided instead, the light exit surface 24j of which must be suitably designed (it is therefore shown in dash-dot lines) in order to provide a sharp, enlarged image of image 1j on screen 6j produce.
• a lens system must be provided, the optical dimensioning of which must be adapted to the special dimensions of the device.
• a mirror 4j could also be provided, which, however, is then preferably designed to be curved, coordinated with the lens system conceptually designated by the prism light exit surface 24i (this embodiment is not shown in FIG. 12). .
• FIG. 13 shows a variant in which a lens system 8k is arranged downstream of the Dove prism 2k, and which presents the enlarged, rotated image of the image from a projection apparatus 50k from a projection screen 6k which can be transilluminated via a mirror 4k and the grid 5k to the viewer.
• Fig. 14 shows an arrangement in which only half a part of the image is presented via two mirrors 4m and 4m '; as a result of the rotation about the axis of rotation 56m, the entire image is seen. If, as shown here, the viewing part 120m is not surrounded by a housing tube, then the transparent regions 91k and 91k 'only reach a maximum of half of the lateral surface of the viewing part 120m and are offset from one another.
• This arrangement is characterized by a mass distribution that is extremely advantageous for rotation; this solution is not equally advantageous for other imaging arrangements, since the same imaging ratios must be guaranteed for the partial images.
• the fixed image 1 is imaged on a projection screen 6 via suitable deflection parts 3 and lens systems 8, or is reflected via the mirror 4.
• 16 shows only the viewing part 120p; the prism 3p with its specially designed light exit surface 24p essentially corresponds to the prism 3j shown in FIG. 12 and described above; the same applies to the formation of the projection screen 6p or mirror 4p.
• the transmitted light image 1q shown in FIG. 17 is designed as a transmitted light (multicolor) LCD, the possibility arises of to control this via control lines 71q by means of a control part 70q.
• the transmitted light LCD shows any programmable images, similar to slides, but digitally resolved, which can be transilluminated like conventional transmitted light images 1.
• the electronics of the image control 70q also make it possible to rotate the LCD image electronically, so that no mechanical devices are necessary for rotating the image 1q.
• the LCD image must not be rotated continuously, but must be performed in a step-by-step, chopped-off form, for example from 5 ° to 5 °, synchronously with the speed of the mirror 4d. Any annoying afterglow effects must - Il ⁇
• the variant shown in FIG. 17 is, to a certain extent, a "hermaphrodite" because both the image and its image are rotated.
• the deflecting part which is essential and inventive for the presentation of the image over a solid angle of 360 °, is possible in a wide variety of forms, as can be seen from the above description of the individual figures.
• the deflection part is designed as Dove's reversing prism 2, optionally by additional optical deflection parts, such as a lens system 8f and a reversing prism 3f (FIG.
• a mirror 25h, 25i or 25n (Fig.10, 11 or 15); a reversing prism 3j with a specially designed light exit surface 24j (FIG. 12) or a lens system 8k (FIG. 13).
• 8 shows the possibility of designing the deflection part as an angle mirror arrangement 130, which has optical properties analogous to those of the Dove prism 2.
• the lighting device consists of individual components that are used in a combined manner in different ways, depending on the desired or specified function or dimensioning.
• Light source 32 elliptical, parabolic or hyperbolic concave mirror 33, possibly designed as a cold light mirror, aspherical condenser lenses and possibly also collimator lenses are com binaryable.
• aspherical lenses With the help of aspherical lenses, the emitted luminous flux is received in an optimal manner and maintained for the lighting process.
• the aspherical lens shape allows short focal lengths, so that small device lengths can be achieved. It can also be used to transmit parallel light beams without additional intermediate images. With a suitable shape, aspherical lenses also allow the lamp filament of the light source 32 to be imaged without spherical aberration and enable uniform and bright projection images.
• the lighting device is represented purely schematically by a light source 32 and a concave mirror 33; the aspherical lenses are not shown for the sake of clarity; it could also be dispensed with in the cases shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, since it does not depend on the directed illumination of an image 1.
• the light source 32e of the lighting device is inserted into the housing 57e from above and is partially surrounded by a concave mirror 33e which is fastened to the base plate 7e, which here is the upper cover plate of the viewing part 120c. Suitably attached mirrors 4e and 4e 'result in uniform illumination of image 1e.
• the light source 32b is in turn surrounded by a concave mirror 33b, the mode of operation of which is supported by a mirrored “collecting funnel” 80b.
• the lighting device shown in FIG. 3 essentially corresponds to the one described above, but this special embodiment variant, when using a transmitted light image 14c, also offers the possibility of illuminating from above via an external one that surrounds the viewing part 120c Housing (not shown) independent light source (table lamp, ceiling lamp, sunlight, etc.) to make.
• the lighting device is in the slide project tion apparatus 50k, which directs the image beams via a recess provided in the base of the housing 57k onto a deflecting mirror 25k.
• FIGS. 12, 16, 17 and 18 show solutions related to FIGS. 12, 16, 17 and 18, in which, however, the light exit surface 24a or 24t of the deflecting prism 3a or 3t does not have to correspond to any optical imaging conditions, but only the light of the illumination device to steer as evenly as possible onto the light reflection part 4a or 4t.
• a deflection part is shown purely schematically in FIG. 2, which throws the light beams uniformly onto the image 14b.
• a bundle of light guides would be offered, which is contained in the recess 22b of the base plate 7b and is also rotated.
• focusing devices 9 should be provided on the various lens systems 8 (or also on the lens system to be assigned to the light exit surface 24j or 24q and 24r of FIG. 12, or 17 and 18), such as for example in Fig. 7 dash-dotted - 9f - indicated.
• support disks 65 are advantageous, which may also make it possible to insert and hold an image 1 in front of the grid 5 (behind the viewer as seen) (FIG .2a, 6, 12, 17 and 18). 2 shows, for example, a stiff grid 5b for which no support disks are to be provided.
• the grid 5a is supported on the side facing away from the viewer on a transmitted light image 1a designed as a transmitted light LCD, in FIGS. 11 and 15 on an exemplary as a projection screen 6i or 6n made of frosted glass.
• a UV filter 73e can optionally be fitted between the grid 6e and a support disk 65a, which UV filter 73e must be provided in particular when using arc discharge lamps as the light source 32e to protect the viewer.
• the base plate 7 or the viewing part 120 is driven by a drum drive 62, in most cases by an electric motor.
• a drum drive 62 in most cases by an electric motor.
• the base plate 7 is therefore always directly or indirectly - for example via a coupling flange 60 - rotatably mounted in a drum bearing 64, as can be seen from FIGS. 1, 2, 2a, 6, 12, 13, 15, 17 and 18.
• the drum bearing 64 is received by a drum holder 63 which is rigidly connected to the housing or the housing tube 57.
• the rotating part may have a counter bearing 64b in its upper region (FIG. 15).
• the counterbearing can also be arranged as a second bearing - optionally formed as a bearing block 105 - for example on an extended bearing journal below the base plate 7s (FIG. 19).
• a coupling flange 60 is rotatably mounted with the interposition of a drum bearing 64, which is non-positively connected to the gear wheel 61 of the drum drive 62.
• the motor is rotated by 90 ° with a horizontal axis of rotation.
• the drive wheel 30t drives the viewing part 120t via a coupling surface 38t provided on the underside of the base plate 7t.
• the drum bearing 64 is carried by this lamp holder 16e.
• the base plate 7e is thus driven via this drum bearing 64e.
• the viewing part 120e is connected on its side facing the base of the housing 57e via a coupling 46e to the drive shaft 55e of the drum drive 62e.
• a disadvantage of this arrangement could be the double power supply line, which is to be provided on the one hand from below - 72e - for the motor and on the other hand above - 72e '- for the lamp holder 16e.
• the rotating prism 2 can either be driven by its own prism drive 29 (FIGS. 10, 12 and 13), or the rotating prism 2 and viewing part 120 can be driven together via a non-positive or positive transmission gear (FIG. 15) .
• the rotating prism 2 is held in a prism socket 26, the outer surface of which is preferably cylindrical in shape. Via a prism bearing 27 arranged on this outer surface, the prism holder 26 and thus the rotating prism 2 are rotatably mounted in the housing 57 about an axis 122 or 56.
• a drive wheel 126 is in contact with the prism socket 26 via a coupling surface 138.
• the drive wheel 12 can have a friction-increasing coating, for example an elastomer coating, or can also be designed as a toothed pinion which interacts with the same recesses on the coupling surface 138. This results in an exact, but also noise-intensive drive of the rotating prism, especially when high speeds are involved.
• a ball bearing 127k is provided between the part of the observation part 120k corresponding to the base plate 7k and driven by the gear 61k of a drum drive 62k and the prism socket 26k, or here the socket of the lens system 8k.
• the prism mount 26k and thus also the mount of the lens system 8k which is connected to it in a rotationally rigid manner should only rotate at half the frequency - based on the viewing part 120k - the rotational speed which is effective on the ball bearing 127k is only half as great as that of a bearing ⁇ speaking for example Fig.15.
• FIG. 4 and 5 Another drive, specifically for Figure 1, is shown in Figures 4 and 5.
• Image 1d is held here in an approximately disc-shaped image acquisition 42d.
• the circumference of the image acquisition -42d designed as a coupling surface 38d, lies between, for example, five rollers 43, which are rotatably mounted in an image holder 44d fixed to the housing.
• a sixth roller serves as drive wheel 30d, which is driven by an image drive 41d via a belt 45 and belt pulleys 40a and 40b.
• the image acquisition 42d and thus the transmitted light image 1d are rotated about an axis 56d perpendicular to the image surface.
• spring clips (not shown), locking lugs or the like are (not shown). intended.
• Image 1d can also be changed as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and indicated in FIGS. 12 and 18.
• a number of transmitted light images 1b are accommodated in a magazine 34 to the side of the projection chamber 31.
• the image 1 is pushed in and pulled out or exchanged by means of an only schematically indicated image change part 35, which has a gripping arm 36.
• the magazine is transported onwards by a pre-illustrated also only schematically Thrust unit 37, which can be logistically connected to the image change part 35.
• the magazine 34 is shown as a straight box, but it can also be designed as an annular endless magazine. This would allow an uninterrupted image presentation - for example for advertising purposes.
• the image 1 shows a possibility of changing the image 1 per se, that is not to twist it.
• it is designed as a transmitted light LCD 1a, the image content of which can be changed via an image control 70a.
• an image control 70a Arranged in the coupling flange 60a are two concentric slip rings 78a which are connected via current conductors 81a to an image control 70a which is attached to the base plate 7a and is shown in broken lines and which in turn controls the LCD display via control lines 71a.
• the slip rings 78a and the statically arranged brushes 77a supply the image control 70a and the LCD transmitted light image 1a with current.
• the power supply could also be inductive or autonomous - for short operating times - using batteries in the rotating part.
• the image content of FIG. 1a can be selected and changed almost arbitrarily by suitable control commands.
• the image controller 70a can also contain a memory with a loop, so that the images can be changed at pre-programmed intervals.
• control pulses for example high-frequency current pulses
• a static image control 70a could also be transmitted by a static image control 70a 'via these slip rings.
• supply lines from the image control 70a 1 to the brushes 77a are shown in dash-dot lines.
• infrared transmitters 76a are conceivable, which are mounted in bores of the drum holder 63a and, during the rotation of the base plate 7a, are occasionally opposed by infrared receivers 75a, which are there in bores are anchored.
• infrared transmitters 76a are mounted in bores of the drum holder 63a and, during the rotation of the base plate 7a, are occasionally opposed by infrared receivers 75a, which are there in bores are anchored.
• the static image control 70a ' is connected via control lines 71a' carried outside the housing 57a 'to a data input device 79a (e.g. keyboard or PC) with which the image content of 1a can be changed.
• a data input device 79a e.g. keyboard or PC
• a low-noise axial roller fan can be used as the fan cooling 54 and concentric cooling fins 85 can be formed on the concave mirror 33 (see FIGS. 1, 2 and 2a).
• FIGS. 1, 2 and 2a A variant in which the fan cooling can be omitted is shown in FIG. 20, in which the fan blades 58u which are mounted below the coupling flange 60u or which are formed in one piece and which rotate with the base plate 7 or the prism 2.
• FIG. 6 shows ventilation bores 59e on the lamp holder 16e.
• the lower plate 15e of the image viewing part 120e has air inlet bores 93e through which cooling air is blown into the space behind the transmitted light image 1u by a blower cooling system, not shown. This cooling air escapes, passing the light source 32u, through the ventilation holes 59u on the lamp holder 16u.
• the air inlet bores 93u are provided with small guide surfaces, so that when the image viewing part 120u rotates, air is pressed into the room via these guide surfaces.
• Infrared-transparent deflecting mirrors 25 or deflecting prisms 3 can also be provided for the thermal protection of slide 1 or film (FIG. 15) and optical components.
• speed regulation circuits not shown, should be provided in the individual design variants, which enable the arbitrary variation of speeds in coordination with one another.
• FIGS. 4, 5, 10 and 13 can also be used as projectors alone without further deflecting or guiding devices or without further rotating parts such as mirrors and grids, with any pivoting being new compared to the prior art of a projected image.
• any pivoting being new compared to the prior art of a projected image.
• an image projected upside down can be swiveled into the correct position with a single movement. So far, the slide mostly had to be removed from the projection chamber, turned over and reinserted.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Projection Apparatus (AREA)
• Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
• Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)
• Lenses (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

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• 1990
  • 1990-03-19 AU AU53477/90A patent/AU5347790A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-03-19 CA CA 2049011 patent/CA2049011A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-03-19 EP EP19900905452 patent/EP0464114A1/de active Pending
  • 1990-03-19 JP JP50531490A patent/JPH04506265A/ja active Pending
  • 1990-03-19 WO PCT/EP1990/000443 patent/WO1990011549A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-03-19 DE DE19904090410 patent/DE4090410D2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-03-19 DE DE9090039U patent/DE9090039U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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