Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B61—RAILWAYS
  • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
  • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
  • B61F5/02—Arrangements permitting limited transverse relative movements between vehicle underframe or bolster and bogie; Connections between underframes and bogies
  • B61F5/04—Bolster supports or mountings
  • B61F5/12—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating dampers
  • B61F5/122—Bolster supports or mountings incorporating dampers with friction surfaces

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a bogie with a deformable chassis.
• the present invention also relates to a method for improving a bogie with a deformable chassis, as well as a set of spare parts for implementing the method.
• Such bogies generally include two beams between which extend at least two axles on which the beams are supported, and at least one cross member which receives the weight of the vehicle supported by the bogie.
• the crosspiece is supported by each of its ends on one of the side members.
• each end of the cross member is connected to the associated beam by a deformable link.
• the ends of the axles can have a certain freedom of movement relative to the side members.
• the end of the crosspiece is engaged in a casing formed in the spar, and rests on a lower face of the casing by means of compression springs.
• wedges pushed by springs are interposed between the front and rear side faces of the ends of crosspiece and the corresponding side faces of the cages.
• the cross member, on which the load rests, has moreover a play in the direction of its length compared to the side members, and this play allows lateral movements of the load and produces on the side members side shocks which tend to destabilize the bogie. All of these games get worse with wear.
• FR - A - 2 453 765 and US - A - 4 244 298 and 4 574 708 describe devices with wedges guided between two opposite vertical faces and pressed against a double slope face, that is to say a face which is oblique when viewed in elevation and when viewed from above. This is intended to stabilize the corners to avoid their tilting movements which correspond to pivoting movements of the crosspiece in a horizontal plane relative to the side members. Not only do these known arrangements only achieve a very imperfect result, but they do not prevent the cross member to move parallel to its length with respect to the side members, at least between certain limits.
• the cross-member of the bogie according to US-A-2 853 958 comprises at each end on its two opposite vertical faces two V-shaped notches, one of the faces of which is fixed and the other defined by a wedge arranged obliquely.
• the opposite vertical sides of the casing of each spar have a V-shaped profile complementary to that of each notch.
• Each corner rests on one of the faces of the V-shaped profile and thus urges the other face of the V-shaped profile against the fixed face of the corresponding notch.
• the fixed faces of the V-shaped notches constitute reference faces from which the spar can only deviate if the force threshold defined by the springs biasing the corners is overcome.
• the object of the invention is to increase the speed and force threshold from which the bogie is likely to deform unfavorably and to destabilize.
• the invention thus relates, according to a first of its aspects, to a bogie comprising two longitudinal elements such as spars between which extend axles and at least one transverse element such as a cross member, the transverse element forming at each of its ends with one of the longitudinal elements and with a corner a deformable connection in which: - A lateral reference face of the longitudinal element is in lateral support with the possibility of friction in the vertical direction against a conjugate reference face of the transverse element, these reference faces being transverse to the longitudinal direction of the transverse element;
• an oblique face of the corner bears against a corresponding oblique face of the one of the longitudinal and transverse elements of the connection, so as to generate on the one hand a friction bearing between vertical friction faces belonging to the corner and respectively to the other of the longitudinal and transverse elements, and on the other hand, by reaction , the aforementioned lateral support between the reference faces, which friction faces and reference faces are in vertical relative movement in the event of vertical relative movement between the longitudinal element and the transverse element of the connection.
• the bogie is characterized in that there are two friction faces on the corner and two on said other element, these friction faces being arranged in a dihedral with a substantially vertical edge comprising a side transverse to the median plane and one side substantially parallel to the median plane.
• the wedge By its dihedral friction faces, the wedge positions itself in relation to said other element comprising complementary dihedral faces. There is therefore no longer any need to guide the corner in a slide.
• these dihedral faces unlike the oblique face of US-A-2 853 958, no longer create a cam effect between the longitudinal and transverse elements.
• the side of the dihedral which is parallel to the median plane transmits a force which applies the reference face of the longitudinal element against the reference face of the transverse element.
• the method for improving a bogie comprising two longitudinal elements such as beams between which extend axles and at least one transverse element such as a cross member, the transverse element forming at each of its ends with one of the longitudinal elements and with a corner a deformable connection in which, under the action of elastic means, an oblique face of the corner bears against a corresponding oblique face of the transverse element of the connection, so as to generate a friction bearing between vertical friction faces of the corner and of the longitudinal element, is characterized in that:
• transverse element is replaced by a transverse element having for each connection a vertical transverse reference face provided with a friction lining and an oblique face whose line of greatest slope is located in a vertical plane forming an angle with the median longitudinal plane of the device;
• the corners are replaced by corners having two dihedral friction faces and an oblique face whose line of greatest slope extends in a vertical plane which is oblique with respect to the two friction faces;
• Friction linings are placed on each side of the longitudinal element along a vertical side of an enclosure intended to receive the end of the crosspiece.
• the set of spare parts for putting the process into service is characterized in that it comprises:
• a transverse element having on at least one side of each end a vertical transverse reference face provided with a friction lining in an oblique face whose line of greatest slope is arranged in an oblique vertical plane;
• FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a bogie according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a top view of the deformable connections between one end of the cross member and one of the side members, in section along the plane II-II of Figure 3;
• FIG. 3 is a sectional view along line III-III of Figure 2, the beam being however cut along the line IlIa-IIIa of Figure 2;
• - Figure 4 is a view along arrow IV of Figure 2, with however partial section of one of the corners along the line IVa-IVa of Figure 2;
• - Figure 5 is a sectional view along the line V-V of Figure 2;
• - Figure 6 is a view similar to Figure 2 but illustrating a situation of misalignment of the cross member relative to the beam;
• - Figure 7 is a schematic view of a pre-existing bogie and a set of spare parts allowing the improvement method according to the invention to be applied to this bogie;
• - Figure 8 is an axial sectional view of an axle-spar connection
• - Figure 9 is a front view of this link
• FIG. 10 is a sectional view along X-X of Figure 9.
• the bogie comprises a chassis comprising two lateral beams 1 whose general longitudinal direction is, at rest, parallel to the rails 2 and to a median vertical longitudinal plane PP of the bogie, located at mid-distance between the rails 2.
• a chassis comprising two lateral beams 1 whose general longitudinal direction is, at rest, parallel to the rails 2 and to a median vertical longitudinal plane PP of the bogie, located at mid-distance between the rails 2.
• the two longitudinal members 1 are supported by two axles 3 whose axis 4 is perpendicular to the plane PP.
• the axles 3 are arranged symmetrically on either side of a median vertical transverse plane TT of the bogie. Between the side members 1, each axle 3 carries two wheels 6. Beyond each wheel 6, the axles 3 have an axial extension supported by a bearing 7 on which the side member rests by means of a cap 31 which is simply placed on the bearing 7.
• each spar 1 has an opening or casing 8, of generally rectangular shape, in which is engaged one of the ends 9 of a cross member 11 which is parallel to the axles 3 when the bogie is at rest, and whose median vertical plane is the median vertical transverse plane TT of the bogie.
• the cross member 11 is therefore located midway between the axles 3.
• the cross member 11 has on its upper face an articulation 12 of axis vertical (which is only shown schematically) for the articulation to the chassis of a wagon supported by the bogie.
• the cross member 11 On either side of the articulation 12, the cross member 11 has support plates 13 which support the weight of the wagon in a sliding manner.
• the weight of the wagon is transmitted to the longitudinal members 1 by each end of the cross-member 9 which is supported on a lower face 14 of the corresponding fitting 8 by means of suspension springs 16, 17.
• each of the two corners 18 is slidably supported by an oblique face 18b (FIG. 5) against an oblique face of corresponding slope 9a from the end 9 of the cross member 11, and by a first face friction 18c (see right part of FIG. 4) against a first corresponding friction face 8a of the fitting 8.
• the oblique faces 9a of the cross-member are arranged laterally on the end of the cross-member 9 and converge downwards. They are defined by sliding linings 19.
• the first friction faces 18c, 8a are perpendicular to the direction of travel of the bogie (direction of the rails 2). They are defined by friction linings 21, integral with the corners 18, and respectively 22 integral with the spar 1.
• the linings 22 are fixed against opposite lateral faces, substantially vertical of the fitting 8. As shown in FIG. 4, the arrangement is symmetrical on either side of the transverse vertical plane TT median and, for the convenience of the presentation, it is considered that each end of cross member 9 is connected to the longitudinal member 1 associated by two deformable links located on either side of the TT plane and each comprising in particular one of the corners 18.
• connections are qualified as deformable because they allow the end 9 of the cross member to move vertically in the housing 8 by friction of the first friction faces 18c and 8a.
• This friction intended to dampen the oscillations of the cross-member 9 in the casing 8, results from the thrust that the springs 17 exert upwards on the corners 18.
• the support sliding between the oblique faces 18b of the corner 18 and 9a of the lining 19 transforms this thrust of the springs 17 into a horizontal thrust P L directed in the longitudinal direction of the longitudinal members 1.
• the thrust P ⁇ applies the first friction face 18c of each corner 18 against the first friction face 8a associated with 1 ' casing 8.
• the movements of the cross member 11 relative to the beam 1 can be vertical translational movements, rotational movements about a horizontal axis parallel to the direction of advance, or a combination of these two movements.
• the deformable link also allows the cross member to pivot about a transverse horizontal axis such as the axis A ( Figure 4). This is necessary so that the side members can orient themselves independently of each other in their respective vertical plane.
• the support between the oblique faces 9a and 18b of the cross member and of the corners 18 respectively changes slightly. The disadvantages which could result therefrom are minimized by the slightly domed shape of the oblique face 18b of the corners 18, as shown in FIG. 2.
• the cross-member end 9 has a longitudinal positioning face 9b, the role of which will be explained below, which is situated opposite the lining 22 and has a small clearance relative to the latter.
• the face 9b is located between a shoulder 9c for connection with the oblique face 9a, and a reference face 9d which is parallel to the median longitudinal plane PP of the bogie and which is carried by an ear 9e of the cross-member.
• the face 9d is defined by a friction lining 23 and it is intended to be in rubbing contact with a reference face la defined by a friction lining 24 fixed against an inner face of the spar 1 along the inner vertical edge of 1 ' casing 8. Furthermore, as shown in FIG.
• the vertical plane containing the line L of greatest slope of the oblique faces 18b, 9a of the corner 18 and respectively of the cross-member 9 forms an angle B with the median vertical longitudinal plane PP bogie.
• this angle is displayed with respect to a plane PP1, parallel to the plane PP, in order to reduce the size of the figure.
• Each angle B is oriented in such a way that the faces 9a and 18b converge with the plane TT towards the inside of the bogie when the latter is seen from above (FIG. 2).
• the horizontal thrust P H undergone by each corner 18 as a result of the mutual support sliding between the oblique faces 9a and 18b is in the vertical plane containing said line of greatest slope L and thus has two components, namely the component P- ⁇ abovementioned support of the friction face 18c against the friction face 8a and a component Pr directed horizontally towards the plane PP and causing a friction support between two second friction faces 18d and 1b belonging respectively to the corner 18 and to the spar 1.
• the faces 18d and 1b are parallel to the median longitudinal plane PP of the bogie.
• the friction face lb is defined by a friction lining 26 fixed against the outer face of the spar 1 along an outer vertical edge of the housing 18.
• the faces 1a and 1b are therefore opposite one another and situated on either side of the friction face 8a, along the corresponding vertical side of the fitting 8.
• the face 18d is defined by a friction lining 27 fixed to the corner 18.
• the friction faces 18c and 18d of the corner 18 substantially form an orthogonal dihedral concave with vertical edge.
• the vertical plane containing the line of greatest slope L is therefore parallel to the edge of the dihedral and forms an angle with the two faces of the dihedral.
• the component P ⁇ of the thrust P H thus urges the beam 1 to bear against its reference face against the reference face 9d of the cross member 11.
• each corner 18 functions like the movable jaw of a clamp which would clamp the spar 1 against the fixed jaw formed by the ear 9e and more particularly by the reference face 9d of the latter.
• the two reference faces 9d of the cross member 11 are coplanar and the two reference faces 1a of the beam 1 are also coplanar. At rest, these four faces are therefore in the same plane PP2 (FIG. 2), and this plane is parallel to the plane PP. The longitudinal direction of the cross member is then perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the beam.
• Each lug 9e is terminated by an abutment face 9f which cooperates with an abutment shoulder the that each spar 1 has beyond the reference face la.
• the face 9f and the shoulder are substantially parallel to the median transverse plane TT of the bogie.
• One or the other of these faces may, however, have in section in a plane parallel to the plane PP, a slightly convex profile to allow relative rotation of the spar-cross member around the axis A (FIG. 4).
• any rotation of the cross member 11 in the horizontal plane relative to a spar 1 necessarily has an adjacent vertical axis as its axis of the plane PP 2 represented in FIG. 2.
• the situation in the event of such a rotation is represented in FIG. 6.
• One of the pairs of reference surfaces 1a, 9d is in a state of detachment which has forced the corner 18 associated with sinking by compression of the associated spring 17 (not shown in FIG. 6).
• each spar is prevented by the stops le - 9f from having a translational movement parallel to the direction of travel relative to the cross member 11.
• stability forces oppose the pivoting of each beam 1 relative to the cross member around a vertical axis.
• the beams 1 are permanently recalled to a relative position in which none of them is ahead or behind the other. In this way, the risks that the axles take undesirable orientations in the horizontal plane are minimized.
• the thrusts directed along the length of the crosspiece which tend to take off the reference faces la and 9d of the beam and respectively of the crosspiece are damped by the additional compression of the springs 17 placed under each corner, due to the inclination according to the lines L of the faces 18b and 9a of the corners and respectively of the crosspiece.
• the structure according to the invention does not prevent the axles from taking, if the deformable axle-spar connections allow it, converging orientations for the entry into a curve under the effect of the specific forces exerted on the axles in this case , as is well known. As shown in FIG.
• the method according to the invention is applicable to a known bogie, such as example as that described in US-A-4 084 514, initially comprising longitudinal members 1 with casing 8 of generally rectangular shape, the axles 3 which have been described previously, and a cross member 111 comprising on each vertical side of each of its ends a housing 112.
• the bottom of the housing 112 is constituted by a sloping face 113 whose line of greatest slope is parallel to the plane PP.
• these housings are slidingly guided corners 118 having to rub on the spar only one support face transverse to the direction of the rails 2 and resting on a corresponding vertical face of 1 * housing 8.
• a such a bogie has only poor stability because the side members are not recalled to any precise position relative to the cross-member.
• each spar 1 rests on the support piece 31 by means of a shoe 33 relative to which the spar has a good coefficient of friction.
• the shoe 33 is fixed to the support piece by screws 34.
• the support piece 31 comprises vertical lateral grooves 36 (FIG. 10) receiving corresponding bosses 37 of the spar 1. It is provided between the bosses 37 and the grooves 36 a set 2J parallel to axis 4, allowing an axial movement of the axle relative to the spar, this movement, of the order of a few cm, being relatively free thanks to the sliding pad 33. It has been found that thus the axles do not transmit more lateral destabilizing forces to the side rails, which further increases the speed of movement.
• this feature can be achieved in a very simple manner since it suffices to widen the initial grooves 136 (in dashed line in FIG. 10) and to add the sliding pads 33 on the upper face of the supporting parts.
• the invention is not limited to the examples described and shown.
• the elastic means which stress the corners such as 18 could be supported on the cross member instead of being supported on the spar, so as to have an action independent of the state of compression of the suspension springs.
• the oblique faces of the corner can cooperate with oblique faces of the beam, the first and second friction faces then being carried by the corner and the crosspiece.
• the angle B between the vertical plane containing the line of greatest slope L and the median vertical longitudinal plane such as PP must of course be oriented so that this results in a mutual bearing force between the reference faces such that la and 9d.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
• Handcart (AREA)
• Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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ID=9380037

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Families Citing this family (23)

Family Cites Families (19)

• 1989
  • 1989-03-24 FR FR8903902A patent/FR2644743A1/fr active Granted
• 1990
  • 1990-03-14 EP EP90904859A patent/EP0464078A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1990-03-14 BR BR909007248A patent/BR9007248A/pt unknown
  • 1990-03-14 CA CA002049294A patent/CA2049294A1/fr not_active Abandoned
  • 1990-03-14 WO PCT/FR1990/000170 patent/WO1990011216A1/fr not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-03-19 US US07/495,591 patent/US5072673A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-03-20 PT PT93509A patent/PT93509A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1990-03-21 ZA ZA902189A patent/ZA902189B/xx unknown
  • 1990-03-22 AP APAP/P/1990/000170A patent/AP169A/en active
  • 1990-03-22 TN TNTNSN90033A patent/TNSN90033A1/fr unknown
• 1991
  • 1991-09-24 OA OA60076A patent/OA09396A/xx unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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