EP0462863A1 - Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung - Google Patents

Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0462863A1
EP0462863A1 EP91401494A EP91401494A EP0462863A1 EP 0462863 A1 EP0462863 A1 EP 0462863A1 EP 91401494 A EP91401494 A EP 91401494A EP 91401494 A EP91401494 A EP 91401494A EP 0462863 A1 EP0462863 A1 EP 0462863A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
delay line
wave tube
traveling wave
tube according
support portion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91401494A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Joel Le Fur
Pierre Nugues
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales Electron Devices SA
Original Assignee
Thomson Tubes Electroniques
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson Tubes Electroniques filed Critical Thomson Tubes Electroniques
Publication of EP0462863A1 publication Critical patent/EP0462863A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/42—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit the interaction circuit being a helix or a helix-derived slow-wave structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/16—Circuit elements, having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube and interacting with the discharge
    • H01J23/24—Slow-wave structures, e.g. delay systems
    • H01J23/26—Helical slow-wave structures; Adjustment therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J23/00—Details of transit-time tubes of the types covered by group H01J25/00
    • H01J23/36—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy
    • H01J23/40—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit
    • H01J23/48—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type
    • H01J23/50—Coupling devices having distributed capacitance and inductance, structurally associated with the tube, for introducing or removing wave energy to or from the interaction circuit for linking interaction circuit with coaxial lines; Devices of the coupled helices type the interaction circuit being a helix or derived from a helix

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a traveling wave tube provided with a coupling device between its delay line and an external microwave circuit.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to power, wideband traveling wave tubes, the delay line of which has the shape of a helix or a shape derived from the helix.
  • the supports are in the form of sticks. These sticks are often made of quartz, alumina, glucine or boron nitride. They are either tightened or brazed with the delay line and the sheath. This arrangement is at the origin of a limitation of the operating band of the traveling wave tube towards the high frequencies.
  • the traveling wave tube is generally connected to the external microwave circuits, on the input side of the delay line as well as on the output side, via a connecting member.
  • this connecting member On the entry side, this connecting member, allowing the injection of microwave energy, generally has the structure of a coaxial line, the level of energy to be injected being low.
  • this connecting member On the output side of the delay line, this connecting member, ensuring the extraction of the amplified microwave energy, has either the structure of a coaxial line or the structure of a molded waveguide, according to the level of energy to be extracted.
  • a device for coupling between the delay line of a traveling wave tube and the external microwave circuits is known, for example, from French Patent No. 2,485,801 filed on June 27, 1980.
  • the external microwave circuits each include a transmission line having an internal conductive core.
  • the connection between the delay line and the transmission line is made by means of a coupling finger which is secured on one side of the internal conductive core and on the other of the end of the line to delay.
  • the two parts are then mechanically dependent.
  • difficulties are encountered in making the junction between the coupling finger at the end of the delay line.
  • the dimensions of the coupling finger and the delay line are small.
  • the measurements to be carried out to check the conformity of the traveling wave tube can only take place after the junction has been made. This junction is generally a solder, it is non-removable. In the event of a defect in one of the parts used in the composition of the delay line, in the external microwave circuits, or in the focusing device, the entire assembly will be rejected.
  • a coupling device without contact, between the delay line and the external microwave circuits.
  • a conductive part is brazed at one end of the sheath, it has a coupling finger fixed to the corresponding end of the delay line.
  • the internal conductive core of the transmission line has one end situated opposite the external surface of the conductive part. It is through the outer surface of the conductive part that the electromagnetic coupling takes place between the delay line and the internal conductive core.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the drawbacks caused by the mechanically dependent assembly between the delay line and internal conductive core. It retains the advantages provided by contactless coupling and it reduces and / or simplifies machining, mounting and soldering operations, by eliminating the conductive part having the coupling finger fixed to the end of the delay line.
  • the end of the delay line is directly connected to one of the supports intended to hold it in the sheath.
  • This support is conductive.
  • the connection of the end of the delay line to the support can be done by soldering for example, before introduction into the sheath. The reliability of the solder can be checked before introduction into the sheath.
  • the present invention provides a traveling wave tube comprising a delay line held in a cylindrical conductive sheath by conductive supports and an external microwave circuit coupled by capacitive effect to the delay line, the microwave circuit comprising a transmission line having a core.
  • internal conductor disposed near one end of the delay line, characterized in that a dielectric layer is interposed between the delay line and the supports and in that the end of the delay line is connected to a portion of one of the supports, this support portion being disposed opposite the internal conductive core.
  • the end of the delay line can be brazed to the support portion.
  • the sheath can include a notch which releases an empty space around the support portion connected to the end of the delay line.
  • the sheath can cover the support portion connected to the end of the delay line.
  • the support portion connected to the end of the delay line comprises two perpendicular wings, the first being in the extension of the support, the second surmounting the first and being attached to the end of the delay line.
  • the sheath has two longitudinal slots, oriented radially, arranged on either side of the support portion connected to the end of the delay line.
  • the delay line will preferably be a helix. It can be soldered to the dielectric layer.
  • the conductive supports could be one-piece ribs with the sheath, projecting towards the inside of the sheath.
  • the transmission line may advantageously be a molded waveguide or a coaxial line.
  • a watertight microwave window can be inserted between the support portion connected to the end of the delay line and the internal conductive core.
  • FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a traveling wave tube according to the prior art.
  • FIG. 2 is a cross section in the plane AA ′ of the tube shown in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 is also a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 2.
  • the traveling wave tube comprises a delay line 1 and an external circuit 10 for extracting microwave energy.
  • the delay line 1 comprises a propeller 2 of axis XX ′, of copper for example, which is held in the center of a cylindrical conductive sheath 3 by three insulating supports 4, offset by 120 ° one relative to the other.
  • the supports 4 are rods and they have a trapezoidal cross section. They can be, for example quartz, alumina, glucin or boron nitride. They are clamped or brazed on the propeller 2.
  • Each support 4 is advantageously inserted in a groove 17 hollowed out in the internal wall of the sleeve 3.
  • the external microwave circuit 10 for extracting the microwave energy comprises, in FIGS. 1 and 2, a transmission line 6 in molded waveguide having an internal conductive core.
  • the transmission line 6 is coupled to the delay line 1.
  • the molded waveguide is a rectangular waveguide. It is arranged transversely to the axis XX ′ until it is in contact with the sheath 3. It has a body 7 and a cover 8.
  • the body 7 has an E-shaped section comprising a bottom 9, two walls 11 perpendicular at the bottom 9 and a molding 12 equidistant from the two walls 11.
  • the molding 12 serves as an internal conductive core.
  • a focuser surrounds the sheath 3; he was not represented.
  • the coupling between the delay line 1 and the transmission line 6 is carried out by means of a conductive part 13.
  • This conductive part 13 is fixed to the end of the delay line 1 on the side of the external extraction circuit 10 microwave energy.
  • a coupling finger 14 is integral with the ring.
  • the coupling finger 14 protrudes towards the inside of the sleeve 3 and is brazed at the end of the propeller 2.
  • a notch 15 is formed in the sleeve 3, near the coupling finger 14, to clear an empty space around room 13.
  • a narrow gap 16 is arranged between the end of the molding 12 placed on the side of the delay line 1 and the outer surface of the conductive part 13.
  • the electromagnetic shutdown is ensured by capacitive effect, without contact, between the surface outside of the conductive part 13 and the molding 12.
  • the conductive part 13 and the transmission line 6 are mechanically independent.
  • Figure 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of a traveling wave tube according to the invention.
  • the figure 4 is a cross section in the plane AA ′ of the tube shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 is also a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 4.
  • the delay line 1 comprises a propeller 2 of axis XX ′ which is held in the center of the conductive sheath 3 by three conductive supports 20, 21.
  • the microwave circuit 10 for extracting the microwave energy comprises a transmission line 6 in waveguide having a molding 12 as described in FIGS. 1 and 2. The transmission line is located near the end of the propeller 2 shown in FIG. 3.
  • the three supports 20,21 are offset by 120 °.
  • a dielectric layer 22 is interposed between the propeller 2 and the supports 20, 21. This dielectric ensures the insulation of the propeller 2, alumina can be used.
  • the end of the propeller 2 is connected to a portion of one of the supports 21.
  • This support portion 21 faces the internal conductive core 12 of the transmission line 6.
  • the support portion 21 and l internal conductive core 12 are mechanically independent.
  • connection 23 can be made by soldering or laser welding for example.
  • the connection 23 is direct with the support portion 21.
  • the support portion 21 connected to the end of the propeller 2 is bare, without dielectric.
  • the support portion 21, connected to the propeller 2 contributes to the coupling between the propeller 2 and the conductive core 12 of the transmission line 6.
  • the sleeve 3 may have a notch 25 to clear an empty space around the support portion 21 connected to the end of the propeller 2.
  • An interval 16 separates the molding 12 from the outer surface of the support portion 21.
  • the electromagnetic coupling is provided by capacitive effect between the outer surface of the support portion 21 and the molding 12.
  • the support portion 21 plays the same role as the conductive part provided with the finger coupling of known art.
  • the supports 20, 21 have the form of rods of rectangular cross section. Their cross section could have been trapezoidal. They will preferably be made of metal, copper or one of its alloys, for example. They can be tightened or brazed to the sheath 3.
  • Each support 20, 21 can be inserted in a groove 24 hollowed out in the internal wall of the sleeve 3. These grooves 24 facilitate the mounting of the propeller 2 in the sleeve 3. It could be envisaged that the supports 20, 21 are in one piece with the sheath 3 and that they have the form of ribs projecting towards the inside of the sheath 3.
  • the sheath 3 is not cut and in this case, the interval 16 will be arranged between the outer surface of the sheath 3 and the molding 12.
  • the support 21 conductor is in contact with the sheath 3 over its entire length.
  • the sheath 3 also contributes to the coupling between the delay line and the internal conductive core.
  • the standing wave ratio obtained in a pass band greater than the octave is less than 1.7.
  • FIG. 5 is a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 6 and FIG. 6 is a cross section in the plane AA ′ of FIG. 5.
  • the supports 20, 21 are rods of rectangular cross section. We can give an appropriate shape to the support portion 21 connected to the end of the propeller 2 and facing the molding 12. This appropriate shape allows the impedance adaptation and is chosen according to the frequencies and the bandwidth that we want to obtain. It is thus possible to add or remove material from the support portion 21.
  • the support portion 21 comprises two wings 50, 51 perpendicular planes.
  • a first wing 50 of rectangular shape is in the extension of the support 21; it is less thick than the support 21 but it protrudes on either side of the support 21.
  • the second wing 51 surmounts the first wing 50.
  • the second wing 51 is fixed, for example by soldering, to the propeller 2.
  • the sheath 3 always has a notch 25 which gives off an empty space around the support portion 21.
  • FIG. 7 is a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 8 and FIG. 8 a cross section in the plane AA ′ of FIG. 7.
  • the sheath 3 has approximately the same length as the support 21. Now it has two slots 70, 71 substantially longitudinal, in radial direction, completely passing through the wall of the sheath 3.
  • the slots 70, 71 are arranged on either side of the support 21.
  • the depth of the slots 70, 71 is substantially equal to the height of the molding 12.
  • This shape given to the sleeve 3 improves the heat dissipation between the propeller 2 and the outside of the sleeve, through the support 21.
  • the sleeve 3 and the support 21 remain in close contact over their entire length.
  • the end of the propeller 2 is particularly subject to temperature rises because we are at the outlet of the tube.
  • FIGS. 9 and 10 respectively represent partial views, in longitudinal and transverse section of a traveling wave tube according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a longitudinal section in the plane BB ′ of FIG. 10 and
  • FIG. 10 a cross section in the plane AA ′ of FIG. 9.
  • the transmission line is now a coaxial line 90. It comprises a central conductor 91 and an external conductor 92 in the form of coaxial cylinders. The central conductor 91 and full. The two conductors 91, 92 are separated by a dielectric 93.
  • the coupling is now made between the delay line 1 and the central conductor.
  • the supports 20, 21 conductors are in one piece with the sheath 3. They have the form of ribs, projecting inwards relative to the inner wall of the sheath 3. The sheath 3 provided with the ribs can then be produced by broaching, by example.
  • a portion of a support 21 is connected directly to the end of the helix 2. This support portion 21 is placed opposite the central conductor 91 of the coaxial line 90.
  • a layer of dielectric 22 is interposed between the supports 20 , 21 and the helix 2.
  • the dielectric layer can be continuous or discontinuous. It isolates the helix 2 from the conductive supports 20, 21.
  • the sheath 3 has a notch 25 so as to leave an empty space around the support portion 21 connected to the end of the helix 2.
  • a microwave window 94 extends between the outer surface of the support portion 21 and the end of the central conductor 91.
  • This microwave window 94 is permeable to microwave energy and impermeable to gases. It is tightly attached to the traveling wave tube.
  • the use of a microwave window has been described, for example, in patent application 88 13342 filed on October 11, 1988.
  • the other end of the propeller located at the input of the delay line, can be coupled in the same way to a transmission line allowing the injection of microwave energy.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Waveguides (AREA)
EP91401494A 1990-06-19 1991-06-07 Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung Withdrawn EP0462863A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9007639 1990-06-19
FR9007639A FR2663463B1 (fr) 1990-06-19 1990-06-19 Tube a ondes progressives muni d'un dispositif de couplage entre sa ligne a retard et un circuit hyperfrequence externe.

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0462863A1 true EP0462863A1 (de) 1991-12-27

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EP91401494A Withdrawn EP0462863A1 (de) 1990-06-19 1991-06-07 Wanderfeldröhre mit einer Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0462863A1 (de)
JP (1) JPH04229932A (de)
FR (1) FR2663463B1 (de)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0364335A1 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 Thomson-Csf Wanderfeld-Röhre mit einer gasdichten Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung
EP0401065A1 (de) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-05 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Verfahren zur Herstellung einer wendelförmigen Verzögerungsleitung

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58188034A (ja) * 1982-04-27 1983-11-02 Nec Corp 進行波管

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0364335A1 (de) * 1988-10-11 1990-04-18 Thomson-Csf Wanderfeld-Röhre mit einer gasdichten Kopplungsvorrichtung zwischen ihrer Verzögerungsleitung und einer aussen gelegenen Mikrowellenschaltung
EP0401065A1 (de) * 1989-05-30 1990-12-05 Thomson Tubes Electroniques Verfahren zur Herstellung einer wendelförmigen Verzögerungsleitung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 8, no. 25 (E-225)(1462) 2 Février 1984 & JP-A-58 188 034 (NIPPON DENKI K.K. ) 2 Novembre 1983 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2663463B1 (fr) 1992-09-11
JPH04229932A (ja) 1992-08-19
FR2663463A1 (fr) 1991-12-20

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