EP0460592B1 - Hydraulically impulsed wrench - Google Patents

Hydraulically impulsed wrench Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0460592B1
EP0460592B1 EP91109090A EP91109090A EP0460592B1 EP 0460592 B1 EP0460592 B1 EP 0460592B1 EP 91109090 A EP91109090 A EP 91109090A EP 91109090 A EP91109090 A EP 91109090A EP 0460592 B1 EP0460592 B1 EP 0460592B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulsed
output shaft
housing
wrench according
plates
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91109090A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0460592A1 (en
Inventor
Konrad Karl Dipl.-Ing. Kettner (Fh)
Heinz-Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Anders
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Gardner Denver Deutschland GmbH
Deutsche Gardner Denver GmbH
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Gardner Denver Deutschland GmbH
Deutsche Gardner Denver GmbH
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Publication of EP0460592A1 publication Critical patent/EP0460592A1/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B21/00Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose
    • B25B21/02Portable power-driven screw or nut setting or loosening tools; Attachments for drilling apparatus serving the same purpose with means for imparting impact to screwdriver blade or nut socket

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hydraulic impulse wrench according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • this hydraulic impulse wrench can only be produced in a complex and costly manner.
  • the bearings of the output shaft are loaded unevenly due to the asymmetrical distribution of the lamellae during the generation of angular momentum, so that the bearing points are considerably stressed and wear out prematurely.
  • a hydraulic impulse wrench is also known (CH-PS 447 073), in which the output shaft has four lamellae arranged at angular intervals of 90 ° to one another and loaded radially outwards by springs. After each 180 ° rotation of the striking mechanism housing, all four slats on sealing strips of the striking mechanism housing come into sealing contact. As a result, the output shaft is rotated in a jerky or pulse-like manner in the direction of rotation of the housing after each 180 ° rotation of the striking mechanism housing. Since after every 180 ° rotation the sealing position is reached, the acceleration path of the output shaft is relatively small, so that the torque generated by the output shaft is correspondingly low.
  • the invention has for its object to design the generic hydraulic pulse screwdriver so that it can be manufactured more easily and inexpensively without the angular momentum generation is negatively affected.
  • the associated sealing strips can be easily produced because the forced control is designed in such a way that the further lamellae fit perfectly against the sealing strips of the striking mechanism housing, even with larger manufacturing tolerances.
  • This makes it possible to arrange the main lamellae and the other lamellae symmetrically to the axis of the output shaft, so that the output shaft and its bearing points are not loaded unevenly when the angular momentum is generated.
  • the hydraulic pulse wrench according to the invention also has a long service life.
  • the hydraulic impulse wrench shown only schematically in FIG. 1 has a housing 1 in which a compressed air motor 2 and a hammer mechanism 3 are accommodated.
  • the design and mode of operation of the compressed air motor 2 is known.
  • the housing 1 of the hydraulic pulse screwdriver can have any suitable design.
  • the compressed air motor 2 has a drive shaft 4 which is only shown schematically in FIG. 1 and which is drive-connected in a known manner to a housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 (FIG. 2).
  • the housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 has a cylinder part 6 which has a radially inwardly directed flange 7 on the output side.
  • the cylinder part 6 is provided with a circumferential recess 8 into which a striking mechanism cover 9 is inserted.
  • a cover 10 is placed, which is also inserted into the recess 8 of the cylinder part 6 and whose end face 11 facing away from the striking mechanism cover 9 is preferably flush with the end face 12 of the cylinder part 6.
  • the end cover 10 is provided centrally with a coupling piece 13, with which the housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 is coupled to the drive shaft 4 of the compressed air motor 2.
  • the end cover 10 lies flat on the striking mechanism cover 9, which is provided centrally with an axially extending annular collar 14. It protrudes into a recess 15, on the inner wall of which the collar 14 rests on the outside.
  • the recess 15 is provided in the end face 16 of the end cover 10 which bears against the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • the striking mechanism cover 9 is advantageously inserted loosely into the recess 8 of the cylinder part 6.
  • the striking mechanism cover 9 then lies with its corresponding end face 17 against a radially extending shoulder surface 18 of the depression 8. So that the striking mechanism cover 9 can be aligned precisely with respect to the cylinder part 6, at least one positioning pin 19 is provided, which projects into corresponding positioning openings 20 and 21 in the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • the striking mechanism cover 9 can thereby be mounted in a precisely predetermined position.
  • the end cover 10 is advantageously screwed into the recess 8 of the cylinder part 6.
  • An output shaft 23 passes through the cylinder chamber 22 and is rotatably supported in the cylinder part 6 and in the end cover 10 in a manner not shown.
  • a receptacle 24 On the end of the output shaft 23 protruding from the housing 5 on the output side, a receptacle 24, for example a chuck, is seated in a rotationally fixed manner for screwing tools.
  • the output shaft 23 is rotatable relative to the striking mechanism housing 5.
  • the output shaft 23 In the area between the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9, the output shaft 23 has the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 7. However, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it can also have an approximately circular cross section in this area.
  • the flattenings shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 on the circumference of the output shaft 23 have only been drawn in to better illustrate the sealing position of the control lamellae to be described.
  • the output shaft 23 has a circular cross section in this exemplary embodiment. This area of the output shaft 23 is enlarged in cross section. The smaller end portions 25 and 26 of the output shaft 23 connect to it.
  • the output shaft 23 is rotatably mounted in the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • the end sections 25, 26 are sealed with seals 27 and 28 with respect to the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • the thickened section of the output shaft 23 lies in the cylinder chamber 22 and has recesses 29 to 32 in its peripheral surface at angular intervals of 90 ° (FIG. 5).
  • a control plate 33 and 34 is housed, while in the two other diametrically opposite recesses 32 and 30, a main plate 35 and 36 is housed.
  • the control blades 33 and 34 extend between the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • control blades 33 and 34 are provided with cam-shaped extensions 37, 38 and 39, 40 which Form followers with which the control slats 33 and 34 are positively controlled.
  • the followers 37 and 38 of the control plate 33 are axially shorter than the followers 39 and 40 of the diametrically opposed control plate 34.
  • the followers 37, 38 are radially wider than the followers 39, 40.
  • the followers 37 to 40 extend from the facing one another Long sides 41 and 42 of the control blades 33, 34.
  • Each control plate 33 and 34 is loaded radially outwards by at least one compression spring 43 and 44.
  • the follower members 37 and 38 of the control plate 33 are each assigned a control track 45 and 46 in the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • a control track 47 and 48 in the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9 are also assigned to the followers 39 and 40 of the control plate 34.
  • All control tracks 45 to 48 are formed by the side walls of depressions 49 and 50 in the mutually facing sides of the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9.
  • the control tracks 45 and 47 in the flange 7 and 46 and 48 in the striking mechanism cover 9 are axially offset from one another. As shown in FIG.
  • the respective recesses 49 and 50 are designed in steps to form these control tracks, the control tracks 45 and 46 being provided on the mutually facing sides of the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9, while the control tracks 47 and 48 are arranged on the sides of the depressions facing away from one another and perpendicular to the bottom 51 and 52 of the depressions 49 and 50 connect.
  • the control tracks 45 and 47 and 46 and 48 in the flange 7 and in the striking mechanism cover 9 each lie on the jacket of an imaginary cylinder (FIG. 5). The generatrix of these cylindrical outer surfaces lies parallel to the axis of rotation of the output shaft 23.
  • the control tracks 45 and 46 have a larger diameter than the control tracks 47 and 48.
  • the control tracks 45 and 47 and 46 and 48 are provided so that they are at a point 53 ( Fig. 5) touch.
  • the two diametrically opposed control blades 33 and 34 are positively controlled during operation of the hydraulic impulse wrench in a manner to be described in such a way that, when the housing 5 is rotated 360 °, they are only in one position with associated sealing strips 54 and 55 (Fig. 5) come into sealing contact.
  • the two diametrically opposed main fins 35, 36 are also under the force of at least one, in the exemplary embodiment of two compression springs 56 to 59 (FIG. 4), with which they are pressed radially outward against the inner wall 60 of the cylinder chamber 22.
  • the main fins 35, 36 have a T-shape in view (FIG. 4) and lie with the end faces of their legs on the mutually facing end faces 61 and 17 of the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9 (FIG. 4).
  • the depressions 32 and 33 are shorter than the axial length of the cylinder chamber 22 and as the depressions 29 and 31 for the control plates 33 and 34.
  • the depressions 29 and 31 extend over the entire axial length of the thickened central portion of the output shaft 23, while the Wells 32 and 30 are limited in the axial direction.
  • the main fins 35, 36 engage with their feet in these recesses, which are longer in the axial direction than the feet of the main fins.
  • the width of the depressions 30, 32 is greater than the thickness of the main lamellae 35, 36 (FIG. 5).
  • the inner wall 60 extends over an axial partial length in the form of an ellipse (FIG. 5). Under the force of the compression springs 56 to 59, the main lamellae 35 and 36 always rest against this elliptically extending inner wall 60 when the housing 5 is rotated.
  • the compressed air motor 2 is started in a known manner.
  • the drive shaft 4 of the compressed air motor 2 drives the housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 directly via the coupling piece 13.
  • the end cover 10, the striking mechanism cover 9 and the cylinder part 6 with the flange 7 form the housing 5.
  • the output shaft 23 is rotatably carried along by the pressure medium in the cylinder chamber 22.
  • sealing strips 54, 55, 62 and 63 are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder part 6 at angular intervals of 90 ° in each case, which are integrally formed with the cylinder part 6 and whose end faces act as sealing surfaces.
  • Fig. 7 shows the sequence of movements that results when the output shaft 23 is further rotated after the screw head or nut has been seated.
  • the diametrically opposed main lamellae 35, 36 and the likewise diametrically opposed control lamellae 33, 34 lie sealingly on the sealing strips 54, 55, 62, 63.
  • four approximately crescent-shaped, closed rooms 65 to 68 are formed.
  • a high pressure is formed in the rooms 65 and 67, that is to say in the direction of rotation 64 behind the main lamella 35 and 36, while in the two rooms 66 and 64 lying in front of the main lamellae 35, 36 in the direction of rotation 64 68 a low pressure is formed.
  • the sealing strips 54, 55, 62, 63 are released from the main plates 35, 36 and the control plates 33, 34.
  • the main fins 35, 36 are pressed under spring force against the elliptical inner wall 60 so that they abut against this inner wall during the rotation of the housing 5.
  • the two control plates 33 and 34 are pressed with their followers 37 to 40 under spring force against the associated control tracks 45 to 48, each lying on a cylinder jacket and arranged so that the control plates 33, 34 are only in the pulse position (Fig. 5 and 7) on the sealing strips 54, 55 of the housing 5. If the housing 5 has been rotated by 180 ° with respect to the pulse phase, then a position as shown in FIG. 6 and the lower illustration in FIG. 7 results.
  • the main lamellae 35, 36 lie in this position in a sealing manner against the sealing strips 63 and 62, their End faces lie on the elliptical inner wall 60.
  • the control blades 33, 34 have in this position distance from the sealing strips 54 and 55.
  • the control lamellae 33, 34 are positively controlled by their followers 37 to 40 and the control tracks 45 to 48 in such a way that they do not seal against the corresponding sealing strips 54 after the 180 ° rotation of the housing 5 , 55 of the housing 5. As a result, no pressure builds up in the cylinder rooms in this position.
  • the pulse generated by the main lamellae 35 and 36 passes without pressure.
  • the output shaft 23 can thus be further accelerated.
  • the housing 5 continues to rotate in the direction of rotation 64, the main lamellae 35 and 36 abutting the elliptical inner wall 60 under spring force and the control lamellae 33 and 34 being positively controlled by the control tracks 45 to 48 via their followers 37 to 40.
  • the control lamellae 33, 34 are moved radially outward again in the following 180 ° rotation of the housing 5 until, after a 360 ° rotation of the housing 5, they again seal against the sealing strips 62, 63 (Fig. 5 and top illustration in Fig. 7). Only now does the output shaft 23 again receive a pulse.
  • this hydraulic impulse wrench it is possible with this hydraulic impulse wrench to accelerate the output shaft 23 over the entire rotation angle range of 360 ° of the housing 5 and to achieve the greatest possible speed for each individual impulse. Since all the slats 33 to 36 are pressed under spring force against the associated control tracks 45 to 48 and 60, a flexible adjustment of all slats is ensured, thereby ensuring a gap-free sealing and an improved pulse quality and torque accuracy is achieved. As a result of this flexible adaptation, larger manufacturing tolerances can be permitted, so that the striking mechanism 3 and thus the entire hydraulic pulse screwdriver can be manufactured inexpensively and can also be easily assembled.
  • control tracks 45 to 48 do not have to be manufactured with high precision, but larger tolerances can easily be permitted due to the resilient pressing of the control lamellae 33 and 34.
  • the outer diameter of the striking mechanism 3 can be kept small due to the four movable slats 33 to 36.
  • the various cylinder spaces 65 to 68 are not connected to one another because the control lamellae 33, 34 lie sealingly on the end faces of the control tracks 45 to 48 pointing in the axial direction.
  • the output shaft 23 seals with its end faces against the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9 and, in the pulse position, separates the pressure-loaded spaces 65 and 67 from the pressure-relieved spaces 66 and 68 in a sealing manner.
  • the hydraulic pulse screwdriver can be switched off in a conventional manner after tightening the screws or nuts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Hydro-Impulsschrauber nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruches 1.The invention relates to a hydraulic impulse wrench according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei diesem bekannten Hydro-Impulsschrauber (DE-PS 34 01 082) werden die Hauptlamellen unter Federkraft gegen die elliptische Innenwandung des Schlagwerkes gedrückt. Die weiteren Lamellen sind einstückig mit der Abtriebswelle ausgebildet und liegen versetzt zur Mittenebene des Schlagwerkes. Dadurch kommen die Hauptlamellen und die weiteren Lamellen bei einer 360°-Drehung des Schlagwerkgehäuses nur einmal mit den zugehörigen Dichtleisten des Schlagwerkgehäuses dichtend in Berührung, so daß dann ein Impuls auf die Abtriebswelle erzeugt wird. Damit die einstückig mit der Abtriebswelle ausgebildeten weiteren Lamellen einwandfrei dichtend an den zugehörigen Dichtleisten des Schlagwerkgehäuses anliegen, müssen die Dichtleisten und die weiteren Lamellen sehr genau gefertigt werden. Dadurch läßt sich dieser Hydro-Impulsschrauber nur aufwendig und kostspielig fertigen. Zudem werden die Lager der Abtriebswelle infolge der asymmetrischen Verteilung der Lamellen bei der Drehimpulserzeugung ungleichmäßig belastet, so daß die Lagerstellen erheblich beansprucht werden und frühzeitig verschleißen.In this known hydraulic pulse screwdriver (DE-PS 34 01 082) the main blades are pressed under spring force against the elliptical inner wall of the striking mechanism. The other fins are formed in one piece with the output shaft and are offset from the center plane of the striking mechanism. As a result, the main lamellae and the other lamellae come into contact with the associated sealing strips of the percussion mechanism housing only once in a 360 ° rotation of the percussion mechanism housing, so that a pulse is then generated on the output shaft. In order for the other lamellae, which are formed in one piece with the output shaft, to fit perfectly against the associated sealing strips of the striking mechanism housing, the sealing strips and the further lamellae must be manufactured very precisely. As a result, this hydraulic impulse wrench can only be produced in a complex and costly manner. In addition, the bearings of the output shaft are loaded unevenly due to the asymmetrical distribution of the lamellae during the generation of angular momentum, so that the bearing points are considerably stressed and wear out prematurely.

Es ist auch ein Hydro-Impulsschrauber bekannt (CH-PS 447 073), bei dem die Abtriebswelle vier in Winkelabständen von 90° zueinander angeordnete und durch Federn radial nach außen belastete Lamellen aufweist. Nach jeweils einer 180°-Drehung des Schlagwerkgehäuses kommen sämtliche vier Lamellen an Dichtleisten des Schlagwerkgehäuses dichtend zur Anlage. Dadurch wird die Abtriebswelle nach jeweils einer 180°-Drehung des Schlagwerkgehäuses ruck- bzw. impulsartig in Drehrichtung des Gehäuses gedreht. Da nach jeder 180°-Drehung die Dichtstellung erreicht ist, ist der Beschleunigungsweg der Abtriebswelle verhältnismäßig gering, so daß das von der Abtriebswelle erzeugte Drehmoment entsprechend gering ist.A hydraulic impulse wrench is also known (CH-PS 447 073), in which the output shaft has four lamellae arranged at angular intervals of 90 ° to one another and loaded radially outwards by springs. After each 180 ° rotation of the striking mechanism housing, all four slats on sealing strips of the striking mechanism housing come into sealing contact. As a result, the output shaft is rotated in a jerky or pulse-like manner in the direction of rotation of the housing after each 180 ° rotation of the striking mechanism housing. Since after every 180 ° rotation the sealing position is reached, the acceleration path of the output shaft is relatively small, so that the torque generated by the output shaft is correspondingly low.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, den gattungsgemäßen Hydro-Impulsschrauber so auszubilden, daß er einfacher und kostengünstiger gefertigt werden kann, ohne daß die Drehimpulserzeugung negativ beeinflußt wird.The invention has for its object to design the generic hydraulic pulse screwdriver so that it can be manufactured more easily and inexpensively without the angular momentum generation is negatively affected.

Diese Aufgabe wird beim gattungsgemäßen Hydro-Impulsschrauber erfindungsgemäß mit den Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved according to the invention in the generic hydraulic pulse screwdriver with the features of claim 1.

Beim erfindungsgemäßen Hydro-Impulsschrauber sind nicht nur, wie beim gattungsgemäßen Hydroschrauber, die Hauptlamellen, sondern auch die weiteren Lamellen in der Abtriebswelle gelagert. Bei der Drehung des Schlagwerkgehäuses werden die weiteren Lamellen in ihrer Lage bezüglich der Abtriebswelle und der Dichtleisten durch die Folgeglieder, die mit den Steuerbahnen zusammenwirken, zwanggesteuert. Dadurch wird in konstruktiv sehr einfacher Weise erreicht, daß bei einer 360°-Drehung des Schlagwerkgehäuses nur in einer einzigen Stellung sämtliche Lamellen dichtend an den zugehörigen Dichtleisten anliegen. Somit wird bei einer 360°-Drehung jeweils nur ein Doppelschlagimpuls erzeugt und auf die Abtriebswelle übertragen. Infolge der Zwangsteuerung der weiteren Lamellen können die zugehörigen Dichtleisten einfach gefertigt werden, weil die Zwangsteuerung so ausgebildet ist, daß die weiteren Lamellen auch bei größeren Fertigungstoleranzen einwandfrei dichtend an den Dichtleisten des Schlagwerkgehäuses anliegen. Dadurch ist es möglich, die Hauptlamellen und die weiteren Lamellen symmetrisch zur Achse der Abtriebswelle anzuordnen, so daß bei der Drehimpulserzeugung die Abtriebswelle und ihre Lagerstellen nicht ungleichmäßig belastet werden. Dadurch hat der erfindungsgemäße Hydro-Impulsschrauber auch eine lange Lebensdauer.In the hydraulic impulse wrench according to the invention, not only the main disks, but also the other disks, are stored in the output shaft, as in the generic hydro wrench. When the percussion mechanism housing rotates, the position of the other lamellae with respect to the output shaft and the sealing strips is positively controlled by the follow-up links which interact with the control tracks. It is thus achieved in a structurally very simple manner that, with a 360 ° rotation of the striking mechanism housing, all the lamellae only in one position seal against the associated sealing strips. With a 360 ° rotation, only one double impact pulse is generated and transmitted to the output shaft. As a result of the forced control of the further lamellae, the associated sealing strips can be easily produced because the forced control is designed in such a way that the further lamellae fit perfectly against the sealing strips of the striking mechanism housing, even with larger manufacturing tolerances. This makes it possible to arrange the main lamellae and the other lamellae symmetrically to the axis of the output shaft, so that the output shaft and its bearing points are not loaded unevenly when the angular momentum is generated. As a result, the hydraulic pulse wrench according to the invention also has a long service life.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den Zeichnungen.Further features of the invention result from the further claims, the description and the drawings.

Die Erfindung wird anhand eines in den Zeichnungen dargestellten Ausführungsbeispieles näher erläutert. Es zeigen

Fig. 1
in schematischer Darstellung einen erfindungsgemäßen Hydro-Impulsschrauber,
Fig. 2
in vergrößerter Darstellung und im Axialschnitt ein Schlagwerk des Hydro-Impulsschraubers gemäß Fig. 1 in einer Lage, in der auf die Abtriebswelle des Hydro-Impulsschraubers ein Schlag ausgeübt wird,
Fig. 3
in einer Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 2 das Schlagwerk in einer Stellung, in der auf die Abtriebswelle des Hydro-Impulsschraubers kein Schlag ausgeübt wird,
Fig. 4
eine Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 2, wobei jedoch die Hauptlamellen des Schlagwerkes dargestellt sind,
Fig. 5
einen Schnitt längs der Linie V-V in Fig. 2,
Fig. 6
einen Schnitt längs der Linie VI-VI in Fig. 3,
Fig. 7
eine Funktionsdarstellung des Schlagwerkes des erfindungsgemäßen Hydro-Impulsschraubers.
The invention is explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawings. Show it
Fig. 1
a hydraulic impulse wrench according to the invention in a schematic representation,
Fig. 2
1 in a position in which a blow is exerted on the output shaft of the hydraulic pulse wrench,
Fig. 3
2 shows the striking mechanism in a position in which no impact is exerted on the output shaft of the hydraulic pulse screwdriver,
Fig. 4
2, but the main lamellae of the striking mechanism are shown,
Fig. 5
3 shows a section along the line VV in FIG. 2,
Fig. 6
a section along the line VI-VI in Fig. 3,
Fig. 7
a functional representation of the striking mechanism of the hydraulic pulse screwdriver according to the invention.

Der in Fig. 1 nur schematisch dargestellte Hydro-Impulsschrauber hat ein Gehäuse 1, in dem ein Druckluftmotor 2 und ein Schlagwerk 3 untergebracht sind. Die Ausbildung und Wirkungsweise des Druckluftmotors 2 ist bekannt. Das Gehäuse 1 des Hydro-Impulsschraubers kann jede geeignete Ausbildung aufweisen. Der Druckluftmotor 2 hat eine in Fig. 1 nur schematisch dargestellte Antriebswelle 4, die in bekannter Weise mit einem Gehäuse 5 des Schlagwerkes 3 antriebsverbunden ist (Fig. 2).The hydraulic impulse wrench shown only schematically in FIG. 1 has a housing 1 in which a compressed air motor 2 and a hammer mechanism 3 are accommodated. The design and mode of operation of the compressed air motor 2 is known. The housing 1 of the hydraulic pulse screwdriver can have any suitable design. The compressed air motor 2 has a drive shaft 4 which is only shown schematically in FIG. 1 and which is drive-connected in a known manner to a housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 (FIG. 2).

Das Gehäuse 5 des Schlagwerkes 3 hat einen Zylinderteil 6, der abtriebsseitig einen radial nach innen gerichteten Flansch 7 aufweist. Am anderen Ende ist der Zylinderteil 6 mit einer umlaufenden Vertiefung 8 versehen, in die ein Schlagwerkdeckel 9 eingesetzt ist. Auf ihn ist ein Abschlußdeckel 10 gesetzt, der ebenfalls in die Vertiefung 8 des Zylinderteiles 6 eingesetzt ist und dessen vom Schlagwerkdeckel 9 abgewandte Stirnseite 11 vorzugsweise bündig mit der Stirnseite 12 des Zylinderteiles 6 liegt. Der Abschlußdeckel 10 ist zentrisch mit einem Kupplungsstück 13 versehen, mit dem das Gehäuse 5 des Schlagwerkes 3 an die Antriebswelle 4 des Druckluftmotors 2 gekuppelt wird. Der Abschlußdeckel 10 liegt flächig auf dem Schlagwerkdeckel 9 auf, der zentrisch mit einem axial verlaufenden Ringbund 14 versehen ist. Er ragt in eine Vertiefung 15, an deren Innenwandung der Ringbund 14 außenseitig anliegt. Die Vertiefung 15 ist in der am Schlagwerkdeckel 9 anliegenden Stirnseite 16 des Abschlußdeckels 10 vorgesehen.The housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 has a cylinder part 6 which has a radially inwardly directed flange 7 on the output side. At the other end, the cylinder part 6 is provided with a circumferential recess 8 into which a striking mechanism cover 9 is inserted. On it a cover 10 is placed, which is also inserted into the recess 8 of the cylinder part 6 and whose end face 11 facing away from the striking mechanism cover 9 is preferably flush with the end face 12 of the cylinder part 6. The end cover 10 is provided centrally with a coupling piece 13, with which the housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 is coupled to the drive shaft 4 of the compressed air motor 2. The end cover 10 lies flat on the striking mechanism cover 9, which is provided centrally with an axially extending annular collar 14. It protrudes into a recess 15, on the inner wall of which the collar 14 rests on the outside. The recess 15 is provided in the end face 16 of the end cover 10 which bears against the striking mechanism cover 9.

Um eine einfache Montage des Schlagwerkes 3 zu gewährleisten, ist der Schlagwerkdeckel 9 vorteilhaft lose in die Vertiefung 8 des Zylinderteiles 6 eingesetzt. Der Schlagwerkdeckel 9 liegt dann mit seiner entsprechenden Stirnseite 17 an einer radial verlaufenden Schulterfläche 18 der Vertiefung 8 an. Damit der Schlagwerkdeckel 9 genau gegenüber dem Zylinderteil 6 ausgerichtet werden kann, ist wenigstens ein Positionierstift 19 vorgesehen, der in entsprechende Positionieröffnungen 20 und 21 im Zylinderteil 6 und im Schlagwerkdeckel 9 ragt. Der Schlagwerkdeckel 9 läßt sich dadurch insbesondere in einer genau vorgegebenen Lage montieren. Der Abschlußdeckel 10 wird vorteilhaft in die Vertiefung 8 des Zylinderteiles 6 geschraubt.In order to ensure simple assembly of the striking mechanism 3, the striking mechanism cover 9 is advantageously inserted loosely into the recess 8 of the cylinder part 6. The striking mechanism cover 9 then lies with its corresponding end face 17 against a radially extending shoulder surface 18 of the depression 8. So that the striking mechanism cover 9 can be aligned precisely with respect to the cylinder part 6, at least one positioning pin 19 is provided, which projects into corresponding positioning openings 20 and 21 in the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9. The striking mechanism cover 9 can thereby be mounted in a precisely predetermined position. The end cover 10 is advantageously screwed into the recess 8 of the cylinder part 6.

Der Zylinderteil 6 mit dem Flansch 7 und der Schlagwerkdeckel 9 begrenzen einen Zylinderraum 22, der mit Druckmedium, vorzugsweise mit Drucköl, vollständig gefüllt ist. Der Zylinderraum 22 wird von einer Abtriebswelle 23 durchsetzt, die in nicht dargestellter Weise im Zylinderteil 6 sowie im Abschlußdeckel 10 drehbar gelagert ist. Auf dem aus dem Gehäuse 5 abtriebsseitig ragenden Ende der Abtriebswelle 23 sitzt drehfest eine Aufnahme 24, beispielsweise ein Spannfutter, für Schraubwerkzeuge.The cylinder part 6 with the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9 delimit a cylinder space 22 which is completely filled with pressure medium, preferably with pressure oil. An output shaft 23 passes through the cylinder chamber 22 and is rotatably supported in the cylinder part 6 and in the end cover 10 in a manner not shown. On the end of the output shaft 23 protruding from the housing 5 on the output side, a receptacle 24, for example a chuck, is seated in a rotationally fixed manner for screwing tools.

Die Abtriebswelle 23 ist relativ zum Schlagwerkgehäuse 5 drehbar. Im Bereich zwischen dem Flansch 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und dem Schlagwerkdeckel 9 hat die Abtriebswelle 23 die in Fig. 7 dargestellte Querschnittsform. Sie kann aber auch, wie in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellt, in diesem Bereich annähernd kreisförmigen Querschnitt haben. Die in den Fig. 5 und 6 dargestellten Abflachungen am Umfang der Abtriebswelle 23 sind nur zur besseren Verdeutlichung der Dichtstellung der noch zu beschreibenden Steuerlamellen eingezeichnet worden. In Wirklichkeit hat die Abtriebswelle 23 in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel kreisförmigen Querschnitt. Dieser Bereich der Abtriebswelle 23 ist im Querschnitt vergrößert. An ihn schließen die im Außendurchmesser kleineren Endabschnitte 25 und 26 der Abtriebswelle 23 an. Mit diesen Endabschnitten 25, 26 ist die Abtriebswelle 23 im Flansch 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und im Schlagwerkdeckel 9 drehbar gelagert. Gegenüber dem Flansch 7 und dem Schlagwerkdeckel 9 sind die Endabschnitte 25, 26 mit Dichtungen 27 und 28 abgedichtet. Der verdickte Abschnitt der Abtriebswelle 23 liegt im Zylinderraum 22 und hat in seiner Umfangsfläche in Winkelabständen von 90° Vertiefungen 29 bis 32 (Fig. 5). In den diametral einander gegenüberliegenden Vertiefungen 29 und 31 ist jeweils eine Steuerlamelle 33 und 34 untergebracht, während in den beiden anderen diametral einander gegenüberliegenden Vertiefungen 32 und 30 jeweils eine Hauptlamelle 35 und 36 untergebracht ist. Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, erstrecken sich die Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 zwischen dem Flansch 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und dem Schlagwerkdeckel 9. An ihren beiden einander gegenüberliegenden Enden sind die Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 mit nockenförmigen Verlängerungen 37, 38 und 39, 40 versehen, die Folgeglieder bilden, mit denen die Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 zwanggesteuert werden. Die Folgeglieder 37 und 38 der Steuerlamelle 33 sind axial kürzer als die Folgeglieder 39 und 40 der diametral gegenüberliegenden Steuerlamelle 34. Dafür sind die Folgeglieder 37, 38 radial breiter als die Folgeglieder 39, 40. Die Folgeglieder 37 bis 40 erstrecken sich von den einander zugewandten Längsseiten 41 und 42 der Steuerlamellen 33, 34 aus. Jede Steuerlamelle 33 und 34 ist durch mindestens eine Druckfeder 43 und 44 radial nach außen belastet.The output shaft 23 is rotatable relative to the striking mechanism housing 5. In the area between the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9, the output shaft 23 has the cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 7. However, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, it can also have an approximately circular cross section in this area. The flattenings shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 on the circumference of the output shaft 23 have only been drawn in to better illustrate the sealing position of the control lamellae to be described. In reality, the output shaft 23 has a circular cross section in this exemplary embodiment. This area of the output shaft 23 is enlarged in cross section. The smaller end portions 25 and 26 of the output shaft 23 connect to it. With these end sections 25, 26, the output shaft 23 is rotatably mounted in the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9. The end sections 25, 26 are sealed with seals 27 and 28 with respect to the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9. The thickened section of the output shaft 23 lies in the cylinder chamber 22 and has recesses 29 to 32 in its peripheral surface at angular intervals of 90 ° (FIG. 5). In the diametrically opposite recesses 29 and 31, a control plate 33 and 34 is housed, while in the two other diametrically opposite recesses 32 and 30, a main plate 35 and 36 is housed. As shown in FIG. 2, the control blades 33 and 34 extend between the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9. At their two opposite ends, the control blades 33 and 34 are provided with cam-shaped extensions 37, 38 and 39, 40 which Form followers with which the control slats 33 and 34 are positively controlled. The followers 37 and 38 of the control plate 33 are axially shorter than the followers 39 and 40 of the diametrically opposed control plate 34. For this purpose, the followers 37, 38 are radially wider than the followers 39, 40. The followers 37 to 40 extend from the facing one another Long sides 41 and 42 of the control blades 33, 34. Each control plate 33 and 34 is loaded radially outwards by at least one compression spring 43 and 44.

Den Folgegliedern 37 und 38 der Steuerlamelle 33 ist im Flansch 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und im Schlagwerkdeckel 9 jeweils eine Steuerbahn 45 und 46 zugeordnet. Auch den Folgegliedern 39 und 40 der Steuerlamelle 34 ist jeweils eine Steuerbahn 47 und 48 im Flansch 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und im Schlagwerkdeckel 9 zugeordnet. Sämtliche Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 sind durch die Seitenwände von Vertiefungen 49 und 50 in den einander zugewandten Seiten des Flansches 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und des Schlagwerkdeckels 9 gebildet. Die Steuerbahnen 45 und 47 im Flansch 7 sowie 46 und 48 im Schlagwerkdeckel 9 liegen axial versetzt zueinander. Wie Fig. 2 zeigt, ist zur Bildung dieser Steuerbahnen die jeweilige Vertiefung 49 und 50 gestuft ausgebildet, wobei die Steuerbahnen 45 und 46 an den einander zugewandten Seiten des Flansches 7 und des Schlagwerkdeckels 9 vorgesehen sind, während die Steuerbahnen 47 und 48 an den voneinander abgewandten Seiten der Vertiefungen angeordnet sind und senkrecht an den Boden 51 bzw. 52 der Vertiefungen 49 und 50 anschließen. Die Steuerbahnen 45 und 47 sowie 46 und 48 im Flansch 7 und im Schlagwerkdeckel 9 liegen jeweils auf dem Mantel eines gedachten Zylinders (Fig. 5). Die Erzeugende dieser Zylindermantelflächen liegt parallel zur Drehachse der Abtriebswelle 23. Die Steuerbahnen 45 und 46 haben einen größeren Durchmesser als die Steuerbahnen 47 und 48. Außerdem sind die Steuerbahnen 45 und 47 sowie 46 und 48 so vorgesehen, daß sie einander an einer Stelle 53 (Fig. 5) berühren.The follower members 37 and 38 of the control plate 33 are each assigned a control track 45 and 46 in the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9. A control track 47 and 48 in the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and in the striking mechanism cover 9 are also assigned to the followers 39 and 40 of the control plate 34. All control tracks 45 to 48 are formed by the side walls of depressions 49 and 50 in the mutually facing sides of the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9. The control tracks 45 and 47 in the flange 7 and 46 and 48 in the striking mechanism cover 9 are axially offset from one another. As shown in FIG. 2, the respective recesses 49 and 50 are designed in steps to form these control tracks, the control tracks 45 and 46 being provided on the mutually facing sides of the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9, while the control tracks 47 and 48 are arranged on the sides of the depressions facing away from one another and perpendicular to the bottom 51 and 52 of the depressions 49 and 50 connect. The control tracks 45 and 47 and 46 and 48 in the flange 7 and in the striking mechanism cover 9 each lie on the jacket of an imaginary cylinder (FIG. 5). The generatrix of these cylindrical outer surfaces lies parallel to the axis of rotation of the output shaft 23. The control tracks 45 and 46 have a larger diameter than the control tracks 47 and 48. In addition, the control tracks 45 and 47 and 46 and 48 are provided so that they are at a point 53 ( Fig. 5) touch.

Durch die Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 werden die beiden diametral einander gegenüberliegenden Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 beim Betrieb des Hydro-Impulsschraubers in noch zu beschreibender Weise so zwanggesteuert, daß sie bei einer 360°-Umdrehung des Gehäuses 5 nur in einer Stellung mit zugeordneten Dichtleisten 54 und 55 (Fig. 5) dichtend in Berührung kommen.Through the control tracks 45 to 48, the two diametrically opposed control blades 33 and 34 are positively controlled during operation of the hydraulic impulse wrench in a manner to be described in such a way that, when the housing 5 is rotated 360 °, they are only in one position with associated sealing strips 54 and 55 (Fig. 5) come into sealing contact.

Die beiden diametral einander gegenüberliegenden Hauptlamellen 35, 36 stehen ebenfalls unter der Kraft von wenigstens einer, im Ausführungsbeispiel von jeweils zwei Druckfedern 56 bis 59 (Fig. 4), mit denen sie radial nach außen gegen die Innenwandung 60 des Zylinderraumes 22 gedrückt werden. Die Hauptlamellen 35, 36 haben in Ansicht T-Form (Fig. 4) und liegen mit den Stirnseiten ihres Schenkels an den einander zugewandten Stirnseiten 61 und 17 des Flansches 7 des Zylinderteiles 6 und des Schlagwerkdeckels 9 an (Fig. 4). Die Vertiefungen 32 und 33 sind kürzer als die axiale Länge des Zylinderraumes 22 und als die Vertiefungen 29 und 31 für die Steuerlamellen 33 und 34. Die Vertiefungen 29 und 31 erstrecken sich über die gesamte axiale Länge des verdickten mittleren Abschnittes der Abtriebswelle 23, während die Vertiefungen 32 und 30 in Achsrichtung begrenzt sind. Die Hauptlamellen 35, 36 greifen mit ihrem Fuß in diese Vertiefungen ein, die in Axialrichtung länger sind als die Füße der Hauptlamellen. Außerdem ist die Breite der Vertiefungen 30, 32 größer als die Dicke der Hauptlamellen 35, 36 (Fig. 5).The two diametrically opposed main fins 35, 36 are also under the force of at least one, in the exemplary embodiment of two compression springs 56 to 59 (FIG. 4), with which they are pressed radially outward against the inner wall 60 of the cylinder chamber 22. The main fins 35, 36 have a T-shape in view (FIG. 4) and lie with the end faces of their legs on the mutually facing end faces 61 and 17 of the flange 7 of the cylinder part 6 and the striking mechanism cover 9 (FIG. 4). The depressions 32 and 33 are shorter than the axial length of the cylinder chamber 22 and as the depressions 29 and 31 for the control plates 33 and 34. The depressions 29 and 31 extend over the entire axial length of the thickened central portion of the output shaft 23, while the Wells 32 and 30 are limited in the axial direction. The main fins 35, 36 engage with their feet in these recesses, which are longer in the axial direction than the feet of the main fins. In addition, the width of the depressions 30, 32 is greater than the thickness of the main lamellae 35, 36 (FIG. 5).

Die Innenwandung 60 verläuft über eine axiale Teillänge in Form einer Ellipse (Fig. 5). Unter der Kraft der Druckfedern 56 bis 59 liegen die Hauptlamellen 35 und 36 stets an dieser elliptisch verlaufenden Innenwandung 60 beim Drehen des Gehäuses 5 an.The inner wall 60 extends over an axial partial length in the form of an ellipse (FIG. 5). Under the force of the compression springs 56 to 59, the main lamellae 35 and 36 always rest against this elliptically extending inner wall 60 when the housing 5 is rotated.

Zum Starten des Hydro-Impulsschraubers wird der Druckluftmotor 2 in bekannter Weise gestartet. Die Antriebswelle 4 des Druckluftmotors 2 treibt über das Kupplungsstück 13 das Gehäuse 5 des Schlagwerkes 3 unmittelbar an. Der Abschlußdeckel 10, der Schlagwerkdeckel 9 sowie der Zylinderteil 6 mit dem Flansch 7 bilden hierbei das Gehäuse 5. Über das im Zylinderraum 22 befindliche Druckmedium wird die Abtriebswelle 23 rotierend mitgenommen. Dadurch wird das in die Aufnahme 24 eingesetzte Schraubwerkzeug gedreht und eine Schraube oder eine Mutter in den jeweiligen Bauteil geschraubt. Solange der Schraubenkopf oder die Mutter noch nicht aufliegen, drehen die Antriebswelle 4 und die Abtriebswelle 23 gemeinsam.To start the hydraulic pulse screwdriver, the compressed air motor 2 is started in a known manner. The drive shaft 4 of the compressed air motor 2 drives the housing 5 of the striking mechanism 3 directly via the coupling piece 13. The end cover 10, the striking mechanism cover 9 and the cylinder part 6 with the flange 7 form the housing 5. The output shaft 23 is rotatably carried along by the pressure medium in the cylinder chamber 22. As a result, the screwing tool inserted into the receptacle 24 is rotated and a screw or nut is screwed into the respective component. As long as the screw head or the nut are not yet in place, the drive shaft 4 and the output shaft 23 rotate together.

Sobald jedoch der Schraubenkopf bzw. die Mutter aufsitzen, erfährt die Abtriebswelle 23 eine Gegenkraft. Zum Anziehen der Schraube oder der Mutter ist es nunmehr notwendig, daß mit der Abtriebswelle 23 ein Drehmoment auf die Schraube oder die Mutter aufgebracht wird. Da die Antriebswelle 4 mit dem Gehäuse 5 des Schlagwerkes 3 gegenüber der Abtriebswelle 23 drehbar ist, wird die Antriebswelle 4 weiterhin drehbar angetrieben, so daß sich das Gehäuse 5 relativ zur Abtriebswelle 23 dreht.However, as soon as the screw head or nut is seated, the output shaft 23 experiences a counterforce. To tighten the screw or the nut, it is now necessary that a torque is applied to the screw or the nut with the output shaft 23. Since the drive shaft 4 with the housing 5 of the percussion mechanism 3 can be rotated with respect to the output shaft 23, the drive shaft 4 continues to be rotatably driven, so that the housing 5 rotates relative to the output shaft 23.

Wie Fig. 5 zeigt, sind an der Innenwandung des Zylinderteiles 6 in Winkelabständen von jeweils 90° vier Dichtleisten 54, 55, 62 und 63 vorgesehen, die einstückig mit dem Zylinderteil 6 ausgebildet sind und deren Stirnseiten als Dichtflächen wirken.As shown in FIG. 5, four sealing strips 54, 55, 62 and 63 are provided on the inner wall of the cylinder part 6 at angular intervals of 90 ° in each case, which are integrally formed with the cylinder part 6 and whose end faces act as sealing surfaces.

Fig. 7 zeigt den Bewegungablauf, der sich ergibt, wenn die Abtriebswelle 23 nach dem Aufsitzen des Schraubenkopfes oder der Mutter impulsartig weitergedreht wird. In der oberen Darstellung liegen die diametral einander gegenüberliegenden Hauptlamellen 35, 36 und die ebenfalls diametral einander gegenüberliegenden Steuerlamellen 33, 34 dichtend an den Dichtleisten 54, 55, 62, 63 an. Dadurch werden vier annähernd sichelförmige, jeweils abgeschlossene Räume 65 bis 68 gebildet. Bei der dargestellten Drehrichtung 64 des Gehäuses 5 bildet sich in den Räumen 65 und 67, also in Drehrichtung 64 jeweils hinter der Hauptlamelle 35 und 36, ein Hochdruck aus, während in den beiden in Drehrichtung 64 vor den Hauptlamellen 35, 36 liegenden Räumen 66 und 68 ein Niederdruck gebildet wird. In dieser Stellung wird infolge der abgedichteten Räume der sich aufbauende Druck auf die Abtriebswelle 23 übertragen, die dadurch ruck- bzw. impulsartig in Drehrichtung 64 des Gehäuses 5 gedreht wird. Da die Vertiefungen 30 und 32 in der Abtriebswelle 23 breiter sind als die Hauptlamellen 35, 36, können sich diese in dieser Impulsstellung schräg stellen, wie dies in Fig. 5 sowie in der oberen Darstellung der Fig. 7 gezeigt ist. Dadurch steht ausreichend Raum zur Verfügung, um das Druckmedium in den Niederdruck-Räumen 66 und 68 ausreichend verdrängen zu können. Dieses Druckmedium kann in die Vertiefungen 30 und 32 verdrängt werden.Fig. 7 shows the sequence of movements that results when the output shaft 23 is further rotated after the screw head or nut has been seated. In the upper illustration, the diametrically opposed main lamellae 35, 36 and the likewise diametrically opposed control lamellae 33, 34 lie sealingly on the sealing strips 54, 55, 62, 63. As a result, four approximately crescent-shaped, closed rooms 65 to 68 are formed. In the illustrated direction of rotation 64 of the housing 5, a high pressure is formed in the rooms 65 and 67, that is to say in the direction of rotation 64 behind the main lamella 35 and 36, while in the two rooms 66 and 64 lying in front of the main lamellae 35, 36 in the direction of rotation 64 68 a low pressure is formed. In this position, as a result of the sealed spaces, the pressure that builds up is transmitted to the output shaft 23, which is thereby jerked or pulsed in the direction of rotation 64 of the housing 5. Since the depressions 30 and 32 in the output shaft 23 are wider than the main plates 35, 36, they can be inclined in this pulse position, as shown in FIG. 5 and in the upper illustration in FIG. 7. As a result, there is sufficient space available to be able to adequately displace the pressure medium in the low-pressure rooms 66 and 68. This pressure medium can be displaced into the depressions 30 and 32.

Beim Weiterdrehen des Gehäuses 5 kommen die Dichtleisten 54, 55, 62, 63 von den Hauptlamellen 35, 36 und den Steuerlamellen 33, 34 frei. Die Hauptlamellen 35, 36 werden unter Federkraft an die elliptische Innenwandung 60 gedrückt, so daß sie während der Drehung des Gehäuses 5 an dieser Innenwandung anliegen. Die beiden Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 werden mit ihren Folgegliedern 37 bis 40 unter Federkraft gegen die zugehörigen Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 gedrückt, die jeweils auf einem Zylindermantel liegen und so angeordnet sind, daß die Steuerlamellen 33, 34 nur in der Impulsstellung (Fig. 5 sowie obere Darstellung in Fig. 7) an den Dichtleisten 54, 55 des Gehäuses 5 anliegen. Ist das Gehäuse 5 gegenüber der Impulsphase um 180° gedreht worden, dann ergibt sich eine Lage gemäß Fig. 6 und der unteren Darstellung in Fig. 7. Die Hauptlamellen 35, 36 liegen in dieser Stellung dichtend an den Dichtleisten 63 und 62 an, deren Stirnseiten auf der elliptischen Innenwandung 60 liegen. Die Steuerlamellen 33, 34 hingegen haben in dieser Lage Abstand von den Dichtleisten 54 und 55. Die Steuerlamellen 33, 34 sind durch ihre Folgeglieder 37 bis 40 und den Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 so zwanggesteuert, daß sie nach der 180°-Drehung des Gehäuses 5 nicht dichtend an den entsprechenden Dichtleisten 54, 55 des Gehäueses 5 anliegen. Dadurch baut sich in dieser Stellung kein Druck in den Zylinderräumen auf. Der durch die Hauptlamellen 35 und 36 erzeugte Impuls verstreicht drucklos. Somit kann die Abtriebswelle 23 weiter beschleunigt werden. Das Gehäuse 5 dreht weiter in Drehrichtung 64, wobei die Hauptlamellen 35 und 36 unter Federkraft an der elliptischen Innenwandung 60 anliegen und die Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 über ihre Folgeglieder 37 bis 40 durch die Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 zwanggesteuert werden. Infolge der exzentrischen Lage der Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 werden die Steuerlamellen 33, 34 bei der folgenden 180°-Drehung des Gehäuses 5 wieder radial nach außen gefahren, bis sie nach einer 360°-Drehung des Gehäuses 5 wieder dichtend an den Dichtleisten 62, 63 (Fig. 5 und obere Darstellung in Fig. 7) anliegen. Erst jetzt erhält die Abtriebswelle 23 wieder einen Impuls.When the housing 5 is turned further, the sealing strips 54, 55, 62, 63 are released from the main plates 35, 36 and the control plates 33, 34. The main fins 35, 36 are pressed under spring force against the elliptical inner wall 60 so that they abut against this inner wall during the rotation of the housing 5. The two control plates 33 and 34 are pressed with their followers 37 to 40 under spring force against the associated control tracks 45 to 48, each lying on a cylinder jacket and arranged so that the control plates 33, 34 are only in the pulse position (Fig. 5 and 7) on the sealing strips 54, 55 of the housing 5. If the housing 5 has been rotated by 180 ° with respect to the pulse phase, then a position as shown in FIG. 6 and the lower illustration in FIG. 7 results. The main lamellae 35, 36 lie in this position in a sealing manner against the sealing strips 63 and 62, their End faces lie on the elliptical inner wall 60. The control blades 33, 34, however, have in this position distance from the sealing strips 54 and 55. The control lamellae 33, 34 are positively controlled by their followers 37 to 40 and the control tracks 45 to 48 in such a way that they do not seal against the corresponding sealing strips 54 after the 180 ° rotation of the housing 5 , 55 of the housing 5. As a result, no pressure builds up in the cylinder rooms in this position. The pulse generated by the main lamellae 35 and 36 passes without pressure. The output shaft 23 can thus be further accelerated. The housing 5 continues to rotate in the direction of rotation 64, the main lamellae 35 and 36 abutting the elliptical inner wall 60 under spring force and the control lamellae 33 and 34 being positively controlled by the control tracks 45 to 48 via their followers 37 to 40. As a result of the eccentric position of the control tracks 45 to 48, the control lamellae 33, 34 are moved radially outward again in the following 180 ° rotation of the housing 5 until, after a 360 ° rotation of the housing 5, they again seal against the sealing strips 62, 63 (Fig. 5 and top illustration in Fig. 7). Only now does the output shaft 23 again receive a pulse.

Infolge der beschriebenen Ausbildung ist es bei diesem Hydro-Impulsschrauber möglich, die Abtriebswelle 23 über den gesamten Drehwinkelbereich von 360° des Gehäuses 5 zu beschleunigen und für jeden Einzelimpuls die größtmögliche Geschwindigkeit zu erzielen. Da sämtliche Lamellen 33 bis 36 unter Federkraft gegen die zugehörigen Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 und 60 gedrückt werden, ist eine flexible Anpassung aller Lamellen gewährleistet, wodurch ein spaltfreies Abdichten sichergestellt ist und eine verbesserte Impulsgüte und Drehmomentgenauigkeit erreicht wird. Infolge dieser flexiblen Anpassung können größere Fertigungstoleranzen zugelassen werden, so daß sich das Schlagwerk 3 und damit der gesamte Hydro-Impulsschrauber kostengünstig fertigen und auch einfach montieren lassen. Insbesondere müssen die Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 nicht hochgenau gefertigt werden, sondern es können infolge der federnden Andrückung der Steuerlamellen 33 und 34 ohne weiteres größere Toleranzen zugelassen werden. Der Außendurchmesser des Schlagwerkes 3 kann infolge der vier beweglichen Lamellen 33 bis 36 klein gehalten werden. Während der Beschleunigungsphase, die über einen Winkelbereich von 360° stattfindet, ist ein ungewolltes Berühren des Gehäuses 5 durch die Steuerlamellen 33, 34 ausgeschlossen.As a result of the design described, it is possible with this hydraulic impulse wrench to accelerate the output shaft 23 over the entire rotation angle range of 360 ° of the housing 5 and to achieve the greatest possible speed for each individual impulse. Since all the slats 33 to 36 are pressed under spring force against the associated control tracks 45 to 48 and 60, a flexible adjustment of all slats is ensured, thereby ensuring a gap-free sealing and an improved pulse quality and torque accuracy is achieved. As a result of this flexible adaptation, larger manufacturing tolerances can be permitted, so that the striking mechanism 3 and thus the entire hydraulic pulse screwdriver can be manufactured inexpensively and can also be easily assembled. In particular, the control tracks 45 to 48 do not have to be manufactured with high precision, but larger tolerances can easily be permitted due to the resilient pressing of the control lamellae 33 and 34. The outer diameter of the striking mechanism 3 can be kept small due to the four movable slats 33 to 36. During the acceleration phase, which takes place over an angular range of 360 °, unintentional touching of the housing 5 by the control blades 33, 34 is excluded.

In der Impulsstellung (Fig. 5 und obere Darstellung in Fig. 7) stehen die verschiedenen Zylinderräume 65 bis 68 nicht miteinander in Verbindung, weil die Steuerlamellen 33, 34 dichtend auf den in axiale Richtung weisenden Stirnseiten der Steuerbahnen 45 bis 48 aufliegen. Die Abtriebswelle 23 dichtet mit ihren Stirnflächen gegen den Flansch 7 und den Schlagwerkdeckel 9 ab und trennt in der Impulsstellung die druckbelasteten Räume 65 und 67 von den druckentlasteten Räumen 66 und 68 dichtend ab.In the pulse position (FIG. 5 and upper illustration in FIG. 7), the various cylinder spaces 65 to 68 are not connected to one another because the control lamellae 33, 34 lie sealingly on the end faces of the control tracks 45 to 48 pointing in the axial direction. The output shaft 23 seals with its end faces against the flange 7 and the striking mechanism cover 9 and, in the pulse position, separates the pressure-loaded spaces 65 and 67 from the pressure-relieved spaces 66 and 68 in a sealing manner.

Der Hydro-Impulsschrauber kann nach dem Anziehen der Schrauben oder Muttern in herkömmlicher Weise abgeschaltet werden.The hydraulic pulse screwdriver can be switched off in a conventional manner after tightening the screws or nuts.

Claims (14)

  1. A hydraulically pulsed wrench having a striker (3) which is driven in rotation and has a housing (5) and an output shaft (23) for a screwing tool, where two mutually opposing main plates (35, 36) are mounted radially displaceably in the output shaft (23) and are constantly urged radially outwards towards the inner wall (60) of the housing (5) and where the striker (3) has two further mutually opposing plates (33, 34) which, together with the main plates (35, 36), bear in sealing manner against sealing strips (54, 55, 62, 63) of the striker housing (5) in a single rotary position of the housing (5) of the striker (3) for the generation of a rotary pulse acting on the output shaft (23), characterized in that the further plates (33, 34) are mounted displaceably in the output shaft (23) and have servo-type members (37 to 40) by means of which the further plates (33, 34) are moved radially inwards in cooperation with control tracks (45 to 48) in a forcibly controlled manner, in opposition to a constantly radially outwardly exerted pressure in the rotary positions of the housing (5) deviating from the rotary position region of the housing which generates the rotary pulse.
  2. A pulsed wrench according to Claim 1, characterized in that the servo-type members (37 to 40) are cam-shaped attachments to the further plates (33, 34).
  3. A pulsed wrench according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that all the plates (33 to 36) have an angular spacing of 90° from one another.
  4. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control tracks (45 to 48) are formed by the side walls of depressions (49, 50) of the housing (5) of the striker (3).
  5. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the control tracks (45, 46) associated with the one further plate (33) are arranged axially offset with respect to the control tracks (47, 48) associated with the other further plate (34).
  6. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control tracks (45 to 48) each lie on cylindrical faces.
  7. A pulsed wrench according to Claim 6, characterized in that the control tracks (45, 46) associated with the one further plate (33) have a larger diameter than the other control tracks (47, 48).
  8. A pulsed wrench according to Claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the control tracks (47, 48) having the smaller diameter lie eccentrically with respect to the control tracks (45, 46) having the larger diameter.
  9. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the control tracks (45 to 48) of different diameters touch one another.
  10. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the further plates (33, 34) and the main plates (35, 36) are spring-loaded towards the associated control tracks (45 to 48) or the inner wall (60) of the housing (5).
  11. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the main plates (35, 36) have a thickness which is less than the width of the associated depressions (30, 32) in the output shaft (23).
  12. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 11, characterized in that all the plates (33 to 36) are arranged symmetrically with respect to the axis of the output shaft (23).
  13. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that in the sealing position for generating the rotary pulse acting on the output shaft (23) the further plates (33, 34) lie in a sealing manner on the end sides of the associated control tracks (45 to 48).
  14. A pulsed wrench according to one of Claims 1 to 13, characterized in that in the sealing position for generating the rotary pulse acting on the output shaft (23) the further plates (33, 34) bear against the side walls of the depressions (29, 31) of the output shaft (23) in a sealing manner, preferably in a plane-parallel manner.
EP91109090A 1990-06-06 1991-06-04 Hydraulically impulsed wrench Expired - Lifetime EP0460592B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4018084A DE4018084C1 (en) 1990-06-06 1990-06-06
DE4018084 1990-06-06

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0460592A1 EP0460592A1 (en) 1991-12-11
EP0460592B1 true EP0460592B1 (en) 1995-01-11

Family

ID=6407866

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91109090A Expired - Lifetime EP0460592B1 (en) 1990-06-06 1991-06-04 Hydraulically impulsed wrench

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0460592B1 (en)
DE (2) DE4018084C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2066269T3 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE469322B (en) * 1992-05-05 1993-06-21 Atlas Copco Tools Ab HYDRAULIC Torque Pulse Generator
JP5021240B2 (en) * 2006-06-07 2012-09-05 株式会社マキタ Hydraulic torque wrench

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
BE656130A (en) * 1963-11-22
JPS59140173U (en) * 1983-03-04 1984-09-19 瓜生製作株式会社 hydraulic torque wrench

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0460592A1 (en) 1991-12-11
ES2066269T3 (en) 1995-03-01
DE59104201D1 (en) 1995-02-23
DE4018084C1 (en) 1992-01-30

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