EP0458184B1 - Fork lift truck - Google Patents

Fork lift truck Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0458184B1
EP0458184B1 EP91107869A EP91107869A EP0458184B1 EP 0458184 B1 EP0458184 B1 EP 0458184B1 EP 91107869 A EP91107869 A EP 91107869A EP 91107869 A EP91107869 A EP 91107869A EP 0458184 B1 EP0458184 B1 EP 0458184B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lift truck
vehicle
mast
attached
fork lift
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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EP91107869A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0458184A1 (en
EP0458184B2 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Goetz
Dieter Nägel
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Linde GmbH
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Linde GmbH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/07545—Overhead guards
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66F—HOISTING, LIFTING, HAULING OR PUSHING, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, e.g. DEVICES WHICH APPLY A LIFTING OR PUSHING FORCE DIRECTLY TO THE SURFACE OF A LOAD
    • B66F9/00—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes
    • B66F9/06—Devices for lifting or lowering bulky or heavy goods for loading or unloading purposes movable, with their loads, on wheels or the like, e.g. fork-lift trucks
    • B66F9/075—Constructional features or details
    • B66F9/08—Masts; Guides; Chains
    • B66F9/082—Masts; Guides; Chains inclinable
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S414/00—Material or article handling
    • Y10S414/127—Handling vehicles with overhead guard for operator

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a forklift with a mast that can be tilted about an axis arranged on the front region of the forklift parallel to the roadway and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and to a driver's canopy that has two supporting elements that are operatively connected to the mast, spaced apart from one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. which are provided with at least one cross-connection and together with the cross-connection form the overhead guard.
  • the support element consists of a linear guide, which is formed by a roller-guided handlebar, which is able to absorb lateral forces and prevent twisting of the mast.
  • a forklift has a large overall height.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a forklift of the type mentioned with further improved stability.
  • At least one tilt cylinder arranged approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle is provided in the area of the overhead guard and is fastened together with this to at least one fixed column arranged on the counterweight of the forklift.
  • the support elements arranged parallel to one another are preferably integrated in the overhead guard as load-bearing elements and are rigidly connected to one another by this. This arrangement ensures a low overall height with a simple construction.
  • the support elements are designed as longitudinal members, which are connected to one another by a plurality of transverse webs, each longitudinal member being guided in a guide, each of which is arranged on one of two on the counterweight, approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle spaced columns are provided, wherein a tilt cylinder is attached to each column.
  • the support elements are designed as inclined cylinders, the cylinder tubes of which are rigidly connected to one another. This results in a structurally simple construction of the overhead guard, the tilt cylinders forming part of it.
  • two columns arranged on the counterweight and spaced apart approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle can be provided, to each of which a tilt cylinder is attached and which are connected to one another in the upper region by a cross member.
  • the forces introduced into this unit from the mast are passed on to one or two columns that are attached to the counterweight.
  • the cast counterweight practically does not deform when force is applied.
  • an expedient embodiment consists in that the cylinder tubes of the tilt cylinders are attached to the mast and the piston rods on the columns, the cross-connection of the cylinder tubes consisting of at least one diagonal web on which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle Protective struts are attached, which are arranged laterally offset to protective struts also attached to the cross member in the vehicle longitudinal direction.
  • the distances between the webs and the protective struts which interlock when the mast is tilted backwards are dimensioned in such a way that no larger objects can fall through.
  • the cylinder tubes and the piston rods are each articulated to the mast and to the columns.
  • the overhead guard instead of training the overhead guard with the aid of protective struts and webs, it is also possible to design the overhead guard as a fender.
  • Figure 1 shows a front seat forklift truck with a front mast 1 including attached fork carriage 2, a rear counterweight 3 and a cabin 4 arranged between the mast and counterweight, in which the driver's workplace is located.
  • the lifting mast 1 can be pivoted about an axis arranged approximately at the level of the front wheel hubs.
  • On the counterweight 3, two spaced, approximately vertically arranged columns 5 are fastened, for example screwed, which extend somewhat beyond the maximum cabin height.
  • the columns 5 are connected to one another at the upper ends by a cross member 6.
  • joint receptacles 7 are provided at the ends of the cross member 6, a piston rod 8 of a tilt cylinder being articulated in each joint receptacle 7.
  • the two tilt cylinders are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the cylinder tube 9 of each tilt cylinder is in each case articulated in a joint receptacle 10 of the mast 1.
  • the cylinder tubes 9 of the tilting cylinders are supplied with pressure oil via pressure hoses, not shown in the figure, which are fastened to the lifting frame.
  • the cylinder tubes 9 of the two tilt cylinders are connected to one another by two diagonally crossing webs 11.
  • Protective struts 12 attached to the webs 11 are provided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle.
  • a plurality of protective struts 13 are provided on the crossmember 6, offset parallel to the protective struts 12, so that there is a toothing effect.
  • the webs 11 and the protective struts 12 and 13 together with the tilt cylinders form a driver's canopy, by which falling objects are prevented from injuring the driver.
  • the size of the free spaces between the webs 11 and between the protective struts 12 and 13 depends on the size of the objects that should not fall through the free spaces. It is also possible to cover the free spaces with a transparent, but resilient (high-impact-resistant) pane, which consists, for example, of two halves that roll over each other when the mast is tilted back to prevent even small objects from falling through.
  • only one tilt cylinder can also be provided, while the second tilt cylinder is replaced by a linear guide (sliding or roller guide) which absorbs the transverse forces.
  • the support elements are formed by side members 14, which are connected to one another by a plurality of crosspieces 15.
  • Each longitudinal member 14 is guided in an associated roller guide 16, which is each arranged on a boom 5a of the column 5.
  • the cross member 6, which serves to increase the stability of the connection between the two columns 5, is also fastened in the area of the outriggers 5a.
  • the longitudinal members 14 are connected to the mast 1 in a suitable manner, that is to say preferably in an articulated manner, in the front region of the forklift truck.
  • the two tilt cylinders are also preferably articulated to the boom 5a and the mast 1.
  • the device shown is shown in Figure 3 in solid lines in the foremost position.
  • the dashed lines represent the rear area, with the mast tilted backwards.
  • the connection of the longitudinal beams 14 to the roller guides can be done by a suitable professional the longitudinal beams.
  • the device described takes on the function of a torque arm, so that deformation of the mast by load-related forces acting on the mast is largely prevented.
  • the articulated receptacles 7 and 10 are provided.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gabelstapler mit einem Hubgerüst, das um eine am Vorderbereich des Gabelstaplers parallel zur Fahrbahn und quer zur Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordnete Achse neigbar ist, und mit einem Fahrerschutzdach, das zwei quer zur Fahrzeuglängsachse voneinander beabstandete, mit dem Hubgerüst in Wirkverbindung stehende Stützelemente aufweist, die mit mindestens einer Querverbindung versehen sind und zusammen mit der Querverbindung das Fahrerschutzdach bilden.The invention relates to a forklift with a mast that can be tilted about an axis arranged on the front region of the forklift parallel to the roadway and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and to a driver's canopy that has two supporting elements that are operatively connected to the mast, spaced apart from one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. which are provided with at least one cross-connection and together with the cross-connection form the overhead guard.

Bei den Gabelstaplern des bekannten Standes der Technik ergibt sich insbesondere bei in großen Höhen ausfahrbaren Hubmasten und großer Hubkraft das Problem, daß erhebliche Torsionskräfte beispielsweise bei außermittig angeordneter Last auch im Zusammenhang mit während der Fahrt auftretenden Seitenkräften, die auf die Last einwirken und zu Biegemomenten führen, entstehen. Die Torsionskräfte bewirken Verformungen des Hubgerüstes. Treten diese Verformungen schwingungsförmig auf, so kann es zu einem Ermüdungsbruch des Hubgerüstes kommen.In the forklift trucks of the known prior art, the problem arises, in particular in the case of lifting masts which can be extended at great heights and high lifting force, that considerable torsional forces, for example in the case of an eccentrically arranged load, also in connection with lateral forces which occur during travel and which act on the load and lead to bending moments , arise. The torsional forces cause the mast to deform. If these deformations occur in a vibrating manner, the mast may fatigue.

Aus dem DE-GM 86 02 229 ist es bekannt, ein Stützelement oberhalb des Fahrerschutzdaches anzuordnen, um die genannten Auswirkungen zu vermeiden. Das Stützelement besteht aus einer Linearführung, die von einem rollengeführten Lenker gebildet wird, der in der Lage ist, Querkräfte aufzunehmen und Verwindungen des Hubgerüstes zu vermeiden. Es ergibt sich jedoch als Nachteil, daß ein solcher Gabelstapler eine große Bauhöhe aufweist.From DE-GM 86 02 229 it is known to arrange a support element above the overhead guard to avoid the effects mentioned. The support element consists of a linear guide, which is formed by a roller-guided handlebar, which is able to absorb lateral forces and prevent twisting of the mast. However, there is the disadvantage that such a forklift has a large overall height.

Ein gattungsgemäßer Gabelstapler ist in der US-A-2 263 981 beschrieben. Bei dieser Konstruktion ist das Fahrerschutzdach, das aus Stützelementen in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung und mehreren Querverbindungen (Stege) besteht, am vorderen Ende am Hubmast befestigt und am hinteren Ende an zwei gelenkig auf dem Gegengewicht befestigten Armen. Bei einer Neigebewegung des Hubgerüsts bewegt sich daher das Fahrerschutzdach mit. Hierdurch wird der Fahrer in allen möglichen Hubmastpositionen durch das Fahrerschutzdach geschützt. Gegenüber einem Gabelstapler des eingangs genannten Standes der Technik ergibt sich eine verringerte Bauhöhe und ein vereinfachter Aufbau.A generic forklift is described in US-A-2 263 981. In this construction, the overhead guard, which consists of support elements in the vehicle's longitudinal direction and several cross-connections (webs), is attached to the mast at the front end and to the rear end on two articulated arms on the counterweight. When the mast is tilted, the overhead guard moves with it. This protects the driver in all possible mast positions from the overhead guard. Compared to a forklift truck of the prior art mentioned at the outset, the overall height is reduced and the structure is simplified.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Gabelstapler der eingangs genannten Art mit weiter verbesserter Stabilität zur Verfügung zu stellen.The present invention has for its object to provide a forklift of the type mentioned with further improved stability.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß zumindest ein annähernd parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordneter Neigezylinder im Bereich des Fahrerschutzdaches vorgesehen und gemeinsam mit diesem an mindestens einer auf dem Gegengewicht des Gabelstaplers angeordneten, feststehenden Säule befestigt ist. Durch die Anordnung des oder der Neigezylinder in Höhe des Fahrerschutzdaches werden die Neigezylinderkräfte nicht in den Rahmen, sondern über eine oder zwei feststehende Säulen in das Gegengewicht eingeleitet, wodurch der Rahmen entlastet und die Stabilität des Gabelstaplers erhöht wird. Die parallel zueinander angeordneten Stützelemente sind in das Fahrerschutzdach vorzugsweise als tragende Elemente integriert und werden durch dieses starr miteinander verbunden. Diese Anordnung gewährleistet bei einfachem Aufbau eine geringe Bauhöhe. Darüber hinaus ist bei der Konstruktion einer unterhalb der Fahrerschutzvorrichtung anzuordnenden Kabine größtmögliche Gestaltungsfreiheit auch hinsichtlich einer Optimierung der Sicht nach oben gegeben, da die Kabine nicht wie bei vielen bekannten Gabelstaplern die Funktion eines Fahrerschutzdaches übernehmen muß. Durch die einfachere Bauweise der Kabine und des Fahrzeugrahmens werden die Herstellungskosten und die Montagekosten dieser Bauteile deutlich gesenkt.This object is achieved in that at least one tilt cylinder arranged approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle is provided in the area of the overhead guard and is fastened together with this to at least one fixed column arranged on the counterweight of the forklift. By arranging the tilt cylinder or cylinders at the level of the overhead guard, the tilt cylinder forces are not introduced into the frame, but into the counterweight via one or two fixed columns, which relieves the load on the frame and increases the stability of the forklift. The support elements arranged parallel to one another are preferably integrated in the overhead guard as load-bearing elements and are rigidly connected to one another by this. This arrangement ensures a low overall height with a simple construction. In addition, in the construction of a cabin to be arranged below the driver protection device, the greatest possible design freedom is also given with regard to optimizing the view upwards, since the cabin does not have to take over the function of a driver protection roof as in many known forklift trucks. The simpler construction of the cabin and the vehicle frame significantly reduces the manufacturing and assembly costs of these components.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften ersten Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist vorgesehen, daß die Stützelemente als Längsträger ausgebildet sind, die durch mehrere Querstege miteinander verbunden sind, wobei jeder Längsträger in einer Führung geführt ist, die jeweils an einer von zwei auf dem Gegengewicht angeordneten, annähernd senkrecht zur Fahrzeuglängsachse voneinander beabstandeten Säulen vorgesehen sind, wobei an jeder Säule ein Neigezylinder befestigt ist.According to an advantageous first development of the subject matter of the invention, it is provided that the support elements are designed as longitudinal members, which are connected to one another by a plurality of transverse webs, each longitudinal member being guided in a guide, each of which is arranged on one of two on the counterweight, approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle spaced columns are provided, wherein a tilt cylinder is attached to each column.

Es ist hierbei auch möglich, anstelle zweier Neigezylinder nur einen Neigezylinder und eine parallel dazu angeordnete rollen- odergleitgelagerte Linearführung zurAufnahme der Querkräfte vorzusehen. Ebenso können auch zwei parallel zueinander angeordnete Linearführungen vorgesehen sein, wobei einer dieser Linearführungen oder auch beiden jeweils ein Neigezylinder zugeordnet ist. Die Linearführungen sind zur Aufnahme von Querkräften vorgesehen.Instead of two tilt cylinders, it is also possible to provide only one tilt cylinder and a parallel or roller-mounted or linear linear guide for absorbing the transverse forces. Likewise, two linear guides arranged parallel to one another can also be provided, one of these linear guides or also both of them being assigned a tilt cylinder. The linear guides are designed to absorb lateral forces.

Gemäß einer vorteilhaften zweiten Weiterbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes ist vorgesehen, daß die Stützelemente als Neigezylinderausgebildetsind, deren Zylinderrohre starr miteinander verbunden sind. Hierdurch ergibt sich ein konstruktiv einfacherAufbau des Fahrerschutzdaches, wobei die Neigezylindereinen Teil davon bilden.According to an advantageous second development of the subject matter of the invention, it is provided that the support elements are designed as inclined cylinders, the cylinder tubes of which are rigidly connected to one another. This results in a structurally simple construction of the overhead guard, the tilt cylinders forming part of it.

Zur Stabilitätsverbesserung der zweiten Variante des Erfindungsgegenstandes können zwei auf dem Gegengewicht angeordnete, annähernd senkrecht zur Fahrzeuglängsachse voneinander beabstandete Säulen vorgesehen sein, an denen jeweils ein Neigezylinder befestigt ist und die im oberen Bereich durch einen Querträger miteinander verbunden sind. Auf diese Weise ergibt sich eine äußerst stabile und verformungsarme Baueinheit. Die in diese Baueinheit vom Hubgerüst aus eingeleiteten Kräfte werden an eine oder zwei Säulen weitergegeben, die auf dem Gegengewicht befestigt sind. Das gegossene Gegengewicht verformt sich bei Krafteinleitung praktisch nicht.To improve the stability of the second variant of the subject matter of the invention, two columns arranged on the counterweight and spaced apart approximately perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle can be provided, to each of which a tilt cylinder is attached and which are connected to one another in the upper region by a cross member. This results in an extremely stable and low-deformation Unit. The forces introduced into this unit from the mast are passed on to one or two columns that are attached to the counterweight. The cast counterweight practically does not deform when force is applied.

Unter den zahlreichen möglichen Weiterbildungen der zweiten Variante des Erfindungsgegenstandes besteht eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform darin, daß die Zylinderrohre der Neigezylinder an dem Hubgerüst und die Kolbenstangen an den Säulen befestigt sind, wobei die Querverbindung der Zylinderrohre aus mindestens einem Diagonalsteg besteht, an dem parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsachse angeordnete Schutzstreben befestigt sind, die seitlich versetzt zu an dem Querträger ebenfalls in Fahrzeuglängsrichtung befestigten Schutzstreben angeordnet sind. Auf diese Weise entsteht eine hoch stabile, fachwerkartige Querverbindung zwischen den Neigezylindern. Die Abstände der Stege und der beim Rückwärtsneigen des Hubgerüstes im Sinne einer Verzahnung ineinanderfahrenden Schutzstreben sind im übrigen so bemessen, daß keine größeren Gegenstände durchfallen können.Among the numerous possible developments of the second variant of the subject matter of the invention, an expedient embodiment consists in that the cylinder tubes of the tilt cylinders are attached to the mast and the piston rods on the columns, the cross-connection of the cylinder tubes consisting of at least one diagonal web on which is arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle Protective struts are attached, which are arranged laterally offset to protective struts also attached to the cross member in the vehicle longitudinal direction. This creates a highly stable, truss-like cross connection between the tilt cylinders. The distances between the webs and the protective struts which interlock when the mast is tilted backwards are dimensioned in such a way that no larger objects can fall through.

Um einen Ausgleich zwischen der einem Kreisbogen folgenden Bahn der Neigebewegung des Hubgerüstes und der Linearbewegung der Neigezylinder zu schaffen, ist es zweckmäßig, daß die Zylinderrohre und die Kolbenstangen jeweils gelenkig an dem Hubgerüst und an den Säulen befestigt sind.To create a balance between the path following a circular arc of the tilting movement of the mast and the linear movement of the tilt cylinder, it is expedient that the cylinder tubes and the piston rods are each articulated to the mast and to the columns.

Anstelle einer Ausbildung des Fahrerschutzdaches mit Hilfe von Schutzstreben und Stegen ist es auch möglich, das Fahrerschutzdach als Schutzblech auszubilden.Instead of training the overhead guard with the aid of protective struts and webs, it is also possible to design the overhead guard as a fender.

Die Erfindung soll anhand der nachstehenden schematischen Figuren in einem Ausführungsbeispiel mit verschiedenen Varianten näher erläutert werden. Es zeigen:

  • Figur 1 eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Gabelstaplers
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf den Gabelstapler
  • Figur 3 eine Draufsicht auf einen Gabelstapler mit einer Variante des Fahrerschutzdaches und des Stützelementes.
The invention is to be explained in more detail with the aid of the following schematic figures in an embodiment with different variants. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a forklift
  • Figure 2 is a plan view of the forklift
  • Figure 3 is a plan view of a forklift with a variant of the overhead guard and the support element.

Figur 1 zeigt einen Frontsitz-Gabelstapler mit einem frontseitigen Hubgerüst 1 samt daran befestigtem Gabelträger 2, einem heckseitigen Gegengewicht 3 und einer zwischen Hubgerüst und Gegengewicht angeordneten Kabine 4, in der sich der Arbeitsplatz des Fahrers befindet. Der Hubmast 1 ist um eine annähernd in Höhe der Vorderradnaben angeordnete Achse schwenkbar. Auf dem Gegengewicht 3 sind zwei voneinander beabstandete, annähernd vertikal angeordnete Säulen 5 befestigt, beispielsweise geschraubt, die sich etwas über die maximale Kabinenhöhe hinaus erstrecken. Die Säulen 5 sind an den oberen Enden durch einen Querträger 6 miteinander verbunden.Figure 1 shows a front seat forklift truck with a front mast 1 including attached fork carriage 2, a rear counterweight 3 and a cabin 4 arranged between the mast and counterweight, in which the driver's workplace is located. The lifting mast 1 can be pivoted about an axis arranged approximately at the level of the front wheel hubs. On the counterweight 3, two spaced, approximately vertically arranged columns 5 are fastened, for example screwed, which extend somewhat beyond the maximum cabin height. The columns 5 are connected to one another at the upper ends by a cross member 6.

Wie insbesondere aus Figur 2 erkennbar ist, sind an den Enden des Querträgers 6 Gelenkaufnahmen 7 vorgesehen, wobei in jeder Gelenkaufnahme 7 jeweils eine Kolbenstange 8 eines Neigezylinders gelenkig befestigt ist. Die beiden Neigezylinder sind parallel zueinander angeordnet. Das Zylinderrohr 9 jedes Neigezylinders ist jeweils in eine Gelenkaufnahme 10 des Hubgerüstes 1 gelenkig befestigt. Die Versorgung der Zylinderrohre 9 der Neigezylinder mit Drucköl erfolgt über in der Figur nicht dargestellte Druckschläuche, die an dem Hubgerüst befestigt sind. Die Zylinderrohre 9 der beiden Neigezylinder sind durch zwei sich diagonal kreuzende Stege 11 miteinander verbunden. Parallel zur Fahrzeuglängsachse sind an den Stegen 11 befestigte Schutzstreben 12 vorgesehen. An den Querträger 6 sind parallel versetzt zu den Schutzstreben 12 mehrere Schutzstreben 13 vorgesehen, so daß sich ein Verzahnungseffekt ergibt. Die Stege 11 und die Schutzstreben 12 und 13 bilden zusammen mit den Neigezylindern ein Fahrerschutzdach, durch das verhindert wird, daß herabfallende Gegenstände den Fahrer verletzen. Die Größe der Freiräume zwischen den Stegen 11 und zwischen den Schutzstreben 12 und 13 hängt von der Größe der Gegenstände ab, die nicht durch die Freiräume hindurchfallen sollen. Es ist zudem möglich, die Freiräume durch eine durchsichtige, aber belastbare (hochschlagfeste) Scheibe abzudecken, die beispielsweise aus zwei beim Zurückneigen des Hubgerüstes übereinander fahrenden Hälften besteht, um ein Durchfallen auch von kleinen Gegenständen zu verhindern.As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, joint receptacles 7 are provided at the ends of the cross member 6, a piston rod 8 of a tilt cylinder being articulated in each joint receptacle 7. The two tilt cylinders are arranged parallel to each other. The cylinder tube 9 of each tilt cylinder is in each case articulated in a joint receptacle 10 of the mast 1. The cylinder tubes 9 of the tilting cylinders are supplied with pressure oil via pressure hoses, not shown in the figure, which are fastened to the lifting frame. The cylinder tubes 9 of the two tilt cylinders are connected to one another by two diagonally crossing webs 11. Protective struts 12 attached to the webs 11 are provided parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle. A plurality of protective struts 13 are provided on the crossmember 6, offset parallel to the protective struts 12, so that there is a toothing effect. The webs 11 and the protective struts 12 and 13 together with the tilt cylinders form a driver's canopy, by which falling objects are prevented from injuring the driver. The size of the free spaces between the webs 11 and between the protective struts 12 and 13 depends on the size of the objects that should not fall through the free spaces. It is also possible to cover the free spaces with a transparent, but resilient (high-impact-resistant) pane, which consists, for example, of two halves that roll over each other when the mast is tilted back to prevent even small objects from falling through.

Anstelle von zwei Neigezylindern kann auch nur ein Neigezylinder vorgesehen sein, während der zweite Neigezylinder durch eine die Querkräfte aufnehmende Linearführung (Gleit- oder Rollenführung) ersetzt ist.Instead of two tilt cylinders, only one tilt cylinder can also be provided, while the second tilt cylinder is replaced by a linear guide (sliding or roller guide) which absorbs the transverse forces.

Es ist auch möglich, zwei Linearführungen vorzusehen und diesen jeweils einen Neigezylinder zuzuordnen, wie dies in Figur 3 dargestellt ist. Dabei werden die Stützelemente von Längsträgern 14 gebildet, die durch mehrere Querstege 15 miteinander verbunden sind. Jeder Längsträger 14 ist in einer zugeordneten Rollenführung 16 geführt, die jeweils an einem Ausleger 5a der Säule 5 angeordnet ist. Im Bereich der Ausleger 5a ist auch der Querträger 6, der der stabilitätserhöhenden Verbindung der beiden Säulen 5 dient, befestigt. Die Längsträger 14 sind im Frontbereich des Gabelstaplers auf geeignete Weise, das heißt vorzugsweise gelenkig, mit dem Hubgerüst 1 verbunden. Bevorzugt gelenkig sind auch die beiden Neigezylinder an dem Ausleger 5a und dem Hubgerüst 1 befestigt. Die dargestellte Vorrichtung ist in Figur 3 in durchgezogenen Linien in der vordersten Position gezeigt. Die gestrichten Linien stellen den hinteren Bereich dar, bei nach hinten geneigtem Hubgerüst. Die Verbindung der Längsträger 14 zu den Rollenführungen kann mittels einer geeigneten Profilierung der Längsträger erfolgen.It is also possible to provide two linear guides and to assign each one a tilt cylinder, as shown in FIG. 3. The support elements are formed by side members 14, which are connected to one another by a plurality of crosspieces 15. Each longitudinal member 14 is guided in an associated roller guide 16, which is each arranged on a boom 5a of the column 5. The cross member 6, which serves to increase the stability of the connection between the two columns 5, is also fastened in the area of the outriggers 5a. The longitudinal members 14 are connected to the mast 1 in a suitable manner, that is to say preferably in an articulated manner, in the front region of the forklift truck. The two tilt cylinders are also preferably articulated to the boom 5a and the mast 1. The device shown is shown in Figure 3 in solid lines in the foremost position. The dashed lines represent the rear area, with the mast tilted backwards. The connection of the longitudinal beams 14 to the roller guides can be done by a suitable professional the longitudinal beams.

Die beschriebene Vorrichtung übernimmt neben der Funktion des Fahrerschutzes infolge der starren Querverbindung der Zylinderrohre 9 mit ein oder mehreren Stegen 11 die Funktion einer Drehmomentstütze, damit eine Verformung des Hubgerüstes durch lastbedingte, auf den Hubmast einwirkende Kräfte weitgehend verhindert wird. Um Verspannungen beim Neigen des Hubgerüstes 1 zu vermeiden, die aus der Kopplung der kreisbogenförmigen Bahnkurve derAnlenkstelle am Hubgerüst mit der Linearbewegung der Neigezylinder entstehen könnten, sind die Gelenkaufnahmen 7 und 10 vorgesehen.In addition to the function of driver protection as a result of the rigid cross-connection of the cylinder tubes 9 with one or more webs 11, the device described takes on the function of a torque arm, so that deformation of the mast by load-related forces acting on the mast is largely prevented. In order to avoid tension when tilting the mast 1, which could arise from the coupling of the arcuate path curve of the articulation point on the mast with the linear movement of the tilt cylinder, the articulated receptacles 7 and 10 are provided.

Claims (6)

1. A fork lift truck with a mast (1) which can be tilted about an axis arranged in the front region of the fork lift truck in parallel to the roadway and transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and with a driver's protective roof which comprises two support elements which are spaced from one another transversely to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and are actively connected to the mast (1) and which are provided with at least one cross-link and together with the cross-link form the driver's protective roof, characterised in that at least one tilting cylinder (8, 9) arranged approximately in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle is provided in the region of the driver's protective roof and together with the latter is attached to at least one fixed column (5) arranged on the counterweight (3) of the fork lift truck.
2. Afork lift truck as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the support elements have the form of longitudinal members (14) which are connected to one another by a plurality of cross webs (15), where each longitudinal member (14) is guided in a guide (16) which is in each case provided on one of two columns (5) arranged on the counterweight (3) and spaced from one another approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, where a tilting cylinder (8, 9) is attached to each column (5).
3. A fork lift truck as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the support elements have the form of tilting cylinders (8, 9), the cylinder tubes (9) of which are rigidly connected to one another.
4. A fork lift truck as claimed in Claim 3, characterised in that two columns (5) are provided which are arranged on the counterweight (3), are spaced from one another approximately at right angles to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle, and to which a respective tilting cylinder is attached and which are connected to one another in the upper region by a cross member (6).
5. A fork lift truck as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the cylinder tubes (9) of the tilting cylinders are attached to the mast (1) and the piston rods (8) are attached to the columns (5), where the cross link between the cylinder tubes (1) consists of at least one diagonal web (11) to which are attached protective struts (12) which extend in parallel to the longitudinal axis of the vehicle and which are arranged laterally offset in relation to protective struts (13) attached to the cross member (6) likewise in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
6. A fork lift truck as claimed in one of Claims 2 to 5, characterised in that the cylinder tubes (9) and the piston rods (8) are in each case articulated to the mast (1) and to the columns (5).
EP91107869A 1990-05-22 1991-05-15 Fork lift truck Expired - Lifetime EP0458184B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4016495 1990-05-22
DE4016495 1990-05-22
DE4022450 1990-07-14
DE4022450A DE4022450A1 (en) 1990-05-22 1990-07-14 FORKLIFT

Publications (3)

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EP0458184A1 EP0458184A1 (en) 1991-11-27
EP0458184B1 true EP0458184B1 (en) 1994-08-03
EP0458184B2 EP0458184B2 (en) 2001-06-27

Family

ID=25893455

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EP91107869A Expired - Lifetime EP0458184B2 (en) 1990-05-22 1991-05-15 Fork lift truck

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US (1) US5167481A (en)
EP (1) EP0458184B2 (en)
JP (1) JP2911634B2 (en)
DE (2) DE4022450A1 (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH04226300A (en) 1992-08-14
EP0458184A1 (en) 1991-11-27
US5167481A (en) 1992-12-01
EP0458184B2 (en) 2001-06-27
DE59102404D1 (en) 1994-09-08
DE4022450A1 (en) 1991-11-28
JP2911634B2 (en) 1999-06-23

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