EP0457703B1 - Gelenkleiter - Google Patents

Gelenkleiter Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0457703B1
EP0457703B1 EP91440040A EP91440040A EP0457703B1 EP 0457703 B1 EP0457703 B1 EP 0457703B1 EP 91440040 A EP91440040 A EP 91440040A EP 91440040 A EP91440040 A EP 91440040A EP 0457703 B1 EP0457703 B1 EP 0457703B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
ladder
side rail
hinge
bearing
hinged
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91440040A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0457703A1 (de
Inventor
Bertrand Vuillemenot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR9006418A external-priority patent/FR2662206A2/fr
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT91440040T priority Critical patent/ATE103662T1/de
Publication of EP0457703A1 publication Critical patent/EP0457703A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0457703B1 publication Critical patent/EP0457703B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C7/00—Component parts, supporting parts, or accessories
    • E06C7/18—Devices for preventing persons from falling
    • E06C7/181—Additional gripping devices, e.g. handrails
    • E06C7/182—Additional gripping devices, e.g. handrails situated at the top of the ladder
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/14—Ladders capable of standing by themselves
    • E06C1/16—Ladders capable of standing by themselves with hinged struts which rest on the ground
    • E06C1/20—Ladders capable of standing by themselves with hinged struts which rest on the ground with supporting struts formed as poles
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06C—LADDERS
    • E06C1/00—Ladders in general
    • E06C1/02—Ladders in general with rigid longitudinal member or members
    • E06C1/38—Special constructions of ladders, e.g. ladders with more or less than two longitudinal members, ladders with movable rungs or other treads, longitudinally-foldable ladders
    • E06C1/39—Ladders having platforms; Ladders changeable into platforms
    • E06C1/393—Ladders having platforms foldable with the ladder

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an articulated stepladder composed of a ladder and a crutch each having two uprights formed by hollow profiles, each upright of the crutch having an upper end situated in the same substantially vertical plane as a corresponding upright of 1 ladder and connected to this amount of scale by an articulation with a horizontal axis, the upper end of each amount of the stand being provided with an elbow arm provided with a lateral pin, this arm extending in one side of the corresponding upright of the ladder, and the articulation of said uprights comprising said trunnion, a bearing in synthetic material disposed through the upright of ladder and provided with an axial bore where the trunnion is pivotally housed, and retaining means arranged to hold the pin axially in both directions relative to the bearing.
  • the parts most exposed to wear are the elements of the joints, whether these are the joints between uprights or those of a folding platform which, in known manner, constitutes the last step and at the same time serves to keep the stepladder in the open position.
  • a high-quality stepladder for example for professional use, it is desirable to arrange these elements both so as to reduce the risks of wear and so as to allow them to be easily replaced if they are damaged, without having to disassemble the ladder or kickstand.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide various improvements going in the direction indicated above.
  • a stepladder according to the invention is characterized in that the bearing of the articulation of the uprights has a cross section whose periphery is non-circular and cooperates with at least one hole of corresponding shape in the upright of ladder.
  • the bearing advantageously comprises a peripheral rim and a pair of opposite elastic tongues, having at their end an excess thickness of material.
  • each strut of the stand is provided with a connecting element made of a single piece of metal or synthetic material and comprising a connector for connection to the strut, the bent arm and the trunnion.
  • a stepladder according to the invention can advantageously be of the type comprising a folding platform connected to the ladder by a first articulation and to a cross member of the stand by a connecting rod, which is connected to the platform by a second articulation and to the crosspiece by a third articulation.
  • An advantageous embodiment consists in that the third articulation comprises a removable bearing mounted on the cross-member and provided with a cylindrical external surface engaged in a corresponding transverse bore of the connecting rod.
  • the cross member has a non-circular transverse profile and the bearing has a corresponding internal profile, preventing it from turning on the cross member.
  • the bearing can be provided with an internal lug fitted into a corresponding hole in the cross member and preventing it from sliding on the latter.
  • the pad is made in one piece molded from synthetic material.
  • the pad completely surrounds the cross member and comprises two shells connected by at least one thinned part forming a flexible hinge between them.
  • the second articulation can be removable so as to allow the rod to slide on the cushion of the third articulation to release this cushion.
  • the first articulation of the platform comprises, in each upright of the ladder, a bearing engaged in a lateral opening of the upright and provided with an axial bore receiving a pin secured to the platform.
  • Said journal is provided with a shoulder whose length is equal to or greater than that of the journal and the section is less than that of the lateral opening of the upright.
  • Figure 1 shows an articulated stepladder (also called “step”) having a generally classic shape and composed of a ladder 1 (also called “climb plan”) with uprights 2 and a rear stand 3 (also called “plan support ”) having uprights 4 each of which is connected by a hinge 5 to a corresponding upright 2 of the scale.
  • the uprights 2 and 4 are provided with non-slip feet 6.
  • the uprights 2 of the ladder 1 are rigidly connected to each other by steps 7 and by an upper cross member 8.
  • the uprights 4 of the stand 3 are rigidly connected by at least two cross members 9, the highest of which supports , in the position shown, the rear edge of a folding platform 10, the front edge of which is connected to the uprights 2 of the ladder by joints 12. When the stepladder is open, this platform maintains the angle opening between the ladder 1 and the stand 3, its rear edge being profiled to fit onto the upper cross member 9 so as to ensure good rigidity of the stepladder in torsion with respect to a vertical axis.
  • the uprights 2 and 4 are formed by rectilinear sections of profiles made of light metal or of another material, having a hollow rectangular cross section illustrated in FIG. 2.
  • the steps 7 and the crosspieces 9 can be made of metal or synthetic material and are rigidly fixed to these profiles in a known manner, for example by means of rivets.
  • each upright 4 On each side of the stepladder, the upright 2 of the ladder 1 and the upright 4 of the stand 3 are located substantially in the same plane.
  • the upper end of each upright 4 is equipped with a link arm 13 connecting the upright to the corresponding articulation 5 and bent so as to extend along the inner side of the corresponding upright 2 of the scale.
  • This arm 13 is part of a one-piece connecting element 14 made in one piece from light metal cast iron or synthetic material, comprising the connecting arm 13, a male end piece intended to be force-fitted into the upper end of the upright 4, and a cylindrical journal 16 (FIG. 2) extending laterally at the end of the arm 13 in a direction orthogonal to that of the upright 4.
  • the arm 13 has a left shape which is bent in several directions, in order to allow the uprights 2 and 4 to be folded against each other.
  • the structure of one of the articulations 5 appears more especially in FIG. 2.
  • the upper end of the element 14 has, around the pin 16, a flat lateral surface 23 disposed slightly recessed with respect to the arm 13.
  • the pin 16 is crossed by an axial bore 24 opening, on the side of the arm 13, in a housing with six sections intended to receive a nut 25.
  • the upright 2 of the ladder is provided with two opposite openings, of non-circular shape, through which is inserted a bearing 26 of synthetic material receiving the pin 16, which is pivotally adjusted in a cylindrical bore 27 of the bearing 26.
  • This comprises a peripheral flange 28 intended to bear against the external face 29 of the upright 2, and a pair of opposite elastic tabs 30 which tend to move apart like pawls to block the wall of the profile between them and the rim 28.
  • These tongues are reinforced at their end 30 ′ by an extra thickness of material ensuring the locking.
  • the bearing 26 On the other side of the upright 2, the bearing 26 has a slightly projecting end 31, the front surface of which bears by sliding against the surface 23 of the arm 13.
  • a retaining screw 32, having a head 33 applied against the head of the bearing 26, is screwed into nut 25 and thus keeps the bearing in abutment against the surface 23, which eliminates any play between the arm and the bearing.
  • the joint can easily be dismantled by removing the screw 32, which makes it possible to tear off the bearing 26 by breaking the elastic tabs 30.
  • this bearing can easily be replaced in the event of wear. If it is the pin 16 or another part of the element 14 which is damaged, this element can be dislodged from the upright 4 of the stand, which allows its pin to be released from the upright 2 of the scale. We proceed in reverse order to replace a new element 14.
  • Figure 3 shows that the cross section of the bearing 26 in synthetic material has a non-circular external profile 34, in this case rectangular in the upper part of the bearing. This profile cooperates with an identical profile of the opening of the upright in which it is engaged, which prevents the bearing 26 from rotating and from wearing out in this opening.
  • the upper part of the bearing has a thickness E1 greater than the thickness E2 of its lower part, because it supports the greater part of the forces transmitted by the pin 16.
  • Figure 4 shows how the folding platform 10, shown here in an intermediate position during the opening or closing of the stepladder, is connected to the upper cross member 9 of the stand 3 by a connecting rod 40 whose respective ends are connected to platform 10 by a joint 41 and the cross member 9 by a joint 42.
  • the joint 41 may comprise, for example, a U-shaped bracket 43 whose base is fixed under the platform 10 and whose wings carry a removable pin 44 on which the end of the connecting rod 40 pivots.
  • a bearing 45 mounted on the cross-member 9 and provided with a cylindrical outer surface 46, this bearing sliding in a cylindrical bore of the connecting rod 40.
  • the cross member 9 is a tubular section with a square section, and the bearing 45 has a central orifice of corresponding section, preventing it from pivoting on the cross member.
  • the pad 45 is formed by a molded plastic part having, at the outlet of the mold, the shape shown in FIG. 5.
  • the pad consists of two substantially symmetrical parts 47 and 48, connected by one or more tabs 49 forming a joint.
  • Part 47 is provided with an internal lug 50 intended to fit into a corresponding hole in the cross member 9 and serving as a stop in the longitudinal direction of the cross member.
  • the pad 45 can be replaced easily and quickly in the event of damage. It suffices to dismantle the articulation 41 of the connecting rod by removing the pin 44, then to slide the connecting rod in the direction of the cross-member 9 to release it from the bearing, which allows the opening thereof and its replacement .
  • FIG. 6 shows an exemplary embodiment of the articulation 12 connecting the platform 10 to an upright 2 of the scale 1.
  • the upright 2 is provided with two opposite openings, of non-circular shape, at through which a bearing 52 of synthetic material is inserted.
  • This bearing 52 is identical to the bearing 26 described above, except the bore for the passage of the screw 32, necessary in FIG. 2, which is no longer so in FIG. 6.
  • This bearing 52 has the same characteristics and advantages as those of the bearing 26.
  • the platform 10 is provided at its two ends with a journal 56 intended to pivot in an axial bore 58 of the bearing 52.
  • Each journal 56 is provided with a shoulder 57 arranged to hold the platform 10 between the ends of the two bearings 52.
  • the length of the shoulder is equal to or greater than that of the journal and its section is less than that of the opening in the upright 2.
  • each bearing can optionally be locked by a retaining screw having a head applied against the head of the bearing 52 and being screwed into a bore provided at the end of the journal 56.
  • said bearing 52 will include a bore for the passage of the screw , like bearing 26.
  • any of the elements of the joints of a stepladder according to the invention can be easily replaced without dismantling or damaging the rigid structure of the ladder 1 or of the stand 3, in particular the rigid assembly. between the steps of a cross member and the uprights.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ladders (AREA)
  • Rehabilitation Tools (AREA)

Claims (13)

  1. Gelenkleiter, bestehend aus einer Leiter (1) und einer Stütze (3), mit je zwei aus Hohlprofilen gebildeten Holmen, wobei jeder Holm (4) der Stütze ein oberes Ende hat, das auf der gleichen verhältnismässig vertikalen Ebene liegt wie der entsprechende Holm (2) der Leiter und verbunden mit dem Leiterholm durch ein Gelenk (5) in der horizontalen Achse; das obere Ende von jedem Holm (4) der Stütze ist mit einem Winkelstück (13) versehen, das mit einer seitlichen Drehsäule (16) ausgerüstet ist, wobei dieses Winkelstück sich auf nur einer Seite auf den entsprechenden Holm (2) der Leiter erstreckt, das Gelenk (5) der besagten Holme enthält die besagte Drehsäule (16), ein Gleitlager (26) aus synthetischem Material, das durch den Leiterholm (2) geht und mit einer axialen Bohrung (27) versehen ist, in der die Drehsäule drehbar gelagert ist, sowie zwei Befestigungselemente (23,32), die so eingerichtet sind, dass sie die Drehsäule (16) axial in beiden Richtungen zum Gleitlager (26) festhalten; die Leiter ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gleitlager (26) des Gelenks der Holme (2,4) einen Querschnitt hat dessen Umfang (34) nicht rund ist und in mindestens ein Loch in entsprechender Form im Holm der Leiter (2) passt.
  2. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gleitlager (26) eine peripherische Kante (28) hat und ein Paar elastischer, gegenüberliegender Federstifte (30) hat.
  3. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass diese Federstifte (30) an ihrem Ende (30') eine Materialüberdicke enthalten.
  4. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das obere Ende von jedem Holm (4) der Stütze mit einem Verbindungselement (14) versehen ist, das aus einem einzigen Metallstück oder synthetischem Material besteht und ein Anschlusstück zu Holm (4), das Winkelstück (13) und die Drehsäule (16) enthält.
  5. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 1, mit einer klappbaren Plattform (10) verbunden mit der Leiter (1) durch ein erstes Gelenk (12) und mit einer Querstrebe (9) der Stütze durch ein Zwischenglied (40), das wiederum mit der Plattform (10) durch ein zweites Gelenk (41) verbunden ist und mit der Querstrebe (9) durch ein drittes Gelenk (42), dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das dritte Gelenk (42) eine abnehmbare Lagerbuchse (45) enthält, die auf die Querstrebe (9) montiert und mit einer zylindrischen äusseren Oberfläche (46) versehen ist, die in eine entsprechende Bohrung des Zwischenglieds passt.
  6. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Querstrebe (9) ein seitliches Profil hat das nicht rund ist und die Lagerbuchse (45) ein entsprechendes Innenprofil hat, das sie daran hindert, sich auf der Querstrebe zu drehen.
  7. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lagerbuchse (45) mit einem inneren Stift (50) versehen ist, der in ein entsprechendes Loch der Querstrebe (9) eingesteckt ist und sie daran hindert darauf zu gleiten.
  8. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lagerbuchse (45) aus einem einzigen, gegossenen Stück Synthetikmaterial besteht.
  9. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Lagerbuchse (45) die Querstrebe ganz umgibt und zwei Lagerschalen (47,48) enthält, die durch mindestens einen schmaleren Teil (49) verbunden sind und so miteinander ein flexibles Scharnier bilden.
  10. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte zweite Gelenk (41) demontierbar ist, um ein Gleiten des Zwischengliedes (40) an der Lagerbuchse (45) des dritten Gelenks zu erlauben, um diese Lagerbuchse zu entfernen.
  11. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das besagte erste Gelenk (12) der Plattform in jedem Holm (2) der Leiter ein Gleitlager (52) enthält, das in einer seitlichen Öffnung des Holms angeordnet und mit einer axialen Bohrung versehen ist, die eine Drehsäule (56) aufnimmt, welche Bestandteil der Plattform (10) ist.
  12. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gleitlager (52) des ersten Gelenks (12) der Plattform (10) eine Form hat die identisch mit der Form des Gleitlagers (26) des Gelenks der Holme (2,4) ist.
  13. Leiter gemäss Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die besagte Drehsäule (56) mit einer Schulter (57) versehen ist, deren Länge gleich oder grösser ist als die der Drehsäule und deren Querschnitt kleiner ist als der der seitlichen Öffnung des Holms (2).
EP91440040A 1990-05-18 1991-05-17 Gelenkleiter Expired - Lifetime EP0457703B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT91440040T ATE103662T1 (de) 1990-05-18 1991-05-17 Gelenkleiter.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9006418 1990-05-18
FR9006418A FR2662206A2 (fr) 1990-03-02 1990-05-18 Escabeau articule.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0457703A1 EP0457703A1 (de) 1991-11-21
EP0457703B1 true EP0457703B1 (de) 1994-03-30

Family

ID=9396868

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91440040A Expired - Lifetime EP0457703B1 (de) 1990-05-18 1991-05-17 Gelenkleiter

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0457703B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE103662T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69101513T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2054469T3 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4302029A1 (de) * 1993-01-26 1994-07-28 Hymer Leichtmetallbau Gelenk für eine Stehleiter und dergleichen
FR2715187B1 (fr) * 1994-01-19 1996-04-05 Tubesca Dispositif de crochetage de plate-forme de marchepied et marchepied obtenu.
GB9704153D0 (en) * 1997-02-28 1997-04-16 Abru Aluminium Ltd A combined stepladder and stool
FR2780440B1 (fr) * 1998-06-24 2000-09-01 Artub Plate-forme marchepieds
GB2378728B (en) * 2001-08-15 2004-10-13 Sgb Services Ltd Support arrangement for supporting a platform of a step ladder

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1383452A (fr) * 1964-02-25 1964-12-24 Loh Kg Hailo Werk Echelle double à marches
EP0000499B1 (de) * 1977-07-20 1980-10-29 ZARGES Leichtbau GmbH Gelenkbeschlag für Leiterteile
DE2942220C2 (de) * 1979-10-18 1984-09-06 Hymer Leichtmetallbau Ingenieur Erwin Hymer, 7988 Wangen Spreizsicherung einer Stehleiter
DE3442129C1 (de) * 1984-11-17 1986-06-12 Hailo-Werk Rudolf Loh Gmbh & Co Kg, 6342 Haiger Haushalt-Stehleiter
US4842098A (en) * 1988-01-22 1989-06-27 Haison Yuen Adjustable folding ladder
FR2632028A1 (fr) * 1988-05-27 1989-12-01 Shur Lok International Sa Dispositif de fixation d'une piece sur un panneau composite et panneau comportant un tel dispositif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE103662T1 (de) 1994-04-15
DE69101513D1 (de) 1994-05-05
ES2054469T3 (es) 1994-08-01
EP0457703A1 (de) 1991-11-21
DE69101513T2 (de) 1994-10-06

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