EP0457502A1 - Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Präzisionsgiessen - Google Patents

Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Präzisionsgiessen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0457502A1
EP0457502A1 EP91304192A EP91304192A EP0457502A1 EP 0457502 A1 EP0457502 A1 EP 0457502A1 EP 91304192 A EP91304192 A EP 91304192A EP 91304192 A EP91304192 A EP 91304192A EP 0457502 A1 EP0457502 A1 EP 0457502A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
titanium
titanium alloy
casting
base metal
molten
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91304192A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0457502B1 (de
Inventor
Noboru Demukai
Shingo Hitotsuyanagi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daido Steel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Daido Steel Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daido Steel Co Ltd filed Critical Daido Steel Co Ltd
Publication of EP0457502A1 publication Critical patent/EP0457502A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0457502B1 publication Critical patent/EP0457502B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D18/00—Pressure casting; Vacuum casting
    • B22D18/06—Vacuum casting, i.e. making use of vacuum to fill the mould

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method and an apparatus for precision castings of titanium or titanium alloy applicable for obtaining precision castings of titanium or titanium alloy which is excellent in heat-resisting property and corrosion resistance in addition to its lightness, and has very high strength.
  • Titanium and titanium alloy are light and excellent in heat and corrosion resistance, further in mechanical strength, therefore it is expected to obtain useful products which has not been used so far by casting precisely such titanium or titanium alloy.
  • the titanium or titanium alloy has a melting point higher than 1400°C and is also active, there is a problem in that there are great difficulties in melting and casting the titanium or titanium alloy in the majority of cases.
  • This invention aims to solve or at least partially to alleviate the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
  • the present invention provides a method for precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy which comprises establishing molten base metal of titanium or titanium alloy by induction heating in an assembly formed with a plurality of water cooled copper segments disposed circlewise on the inside of an induction heating coil in a state in which the copper segments are insulated from each other, and casting the molten base metal into a permeable mold disposed above the molten base metal by vaccum casting.
  • the base metal may be molten in an atomosphere of an inert gas such as argon and may be cast into the permeable mold through a tubular sprue, and the base metal of titanium or titanium alloy may be fed continuously into the assembly formed with the water cooled segments from the under side of the assembly.
  • an inert gas such as argon
  • the present invention also provides a precision casting apparatus for titanium or titanium alloy comprising a induction heating coil, an assembly formed with a plurality of water cooled copper segments disposed circlewise on the inside of the induction heating coil in a state in which the copper segments are insulated from each other, and fed with base metal of titanium or titanium alloy from the under side thereof, and a permeable mold for casting the base metal molten by induction heating on the inside of the assembly formed with the water cooled copper segments by means of vacuum casting.
  • the permeable mold may be provided with a plurality of tubular sprues for conducting the molten base metal thereinto at the time of vacuum casting and a closed feeder head in the upper part thereof, and the permeable mold may be a ceramic shell mold.
  • eddy currents are formed on the inside of the assembly formed with water cooled copper segments disposed circlewise on the inside of the induction coil in the state insulated from each other at the time of melting the base metal of titanium or titanium alloy in the assembly formed with the water cooled copper segments.
  • the base metal is molten by an eddy current induced in the outer layer thereof by the abovementioned eddy currents which are alternating currents, in this time the molten base metal is detached from the assembly formed with the water cooled copper segments by repelling force caused by currents flowing in the outermost layers of the assembly and the molten metal and having opposite phases each other, and a gap is formed between the molten metal and the inner periphery of the assembly.
  • a thick-walled skull (a layer of solidified metal) is scarcely formed differing from the cases of conventional furnaces of a water cooled hearth type such as an arc skull crucible furnace and so on, for example, and the base metal is molten in a better yield.
  • a precision casting apparatus which is used in an embodiment of the method for precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy according to this inveniton is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2.
  • the precision casting apparatus 1 is provided with an assembly 2 in the center part thereof which is formed with a plurality of water cooled copper segments 2a, 2b,...2h disposed circlewise in the state insulated from each other through insulations 7, and the respective water cooled copper segments 2a, 2b,...2h are provided with water pipes 3a, 3b,...3h.
  • the assembly 2 is provided continuously with a magnetic shield 4 on the upper side thereof.
  • the assembly 2 is disposed with a radio-frequency induction coil 5 on the outside thereof and so designed as to fed base metal 6 of titanium or titanium alloy on the inside from under side thereof.
  • the magnetic shield 4 is provided with a circlar base 11 through a seal 12 on the upper side thereof and provided with a sleeve 13 on the inside of the circlar base 11, and a mold chamber 14 is provided on the inside of the sleeve 13.
  • melting space 15 is formed in a part surrounded by the bottom face of the mold chamber 14 and inner peripheries of the assembly 2 and the magnetic shield 4, and it is possible to replace the atomosphere in the melting space 15 with an inert gas by supplying argon through a gas intake 16 provided on the circlar base 11, for example.
  • a permeable mold 21 which is a ceramic shell mold is disposed in the mold chamber 14, and a turbine wheelshaped molding cavity 21a in the permeable mold 21 and the melting space 15 are connected by a gate 22 formed in the permeable mold 21 and a tubular sprue 23 communicating to the gate 22.
  • the permeable mold 21 is provided with a closed feeder head 21c in the upper part thereof, and disposed with a heat insulator 24 having gas permeability on the outer surface thereof.
  • the mold chamber 14 is provided with an upper plate 27 through a seal 26 on the upper end thereof and the permeable mold 21 is held with a support 29 piercing the upper plate 27 through a seal 28, and the upper plate 27 is provided with a suction hole 27a.
  • eddy currents are formed on the inside of the assembly 2 by radio frequency induction of the radio-frequency induction coil 5, and the base metal 6 of titanium or titanium alloy is molten by an eddy current induced in the outer layer of the base metal 6 by the eddy currents which are alternating currents.
  • the molten metal 31 of titanium or titanium alloy is slightly separated from the inner periphery of the assembly 2 by repelling force caused by currents flowing in the outermost layers of the assembly 2 and the molten metal 31 and having opposite phases each other, and a gap is formed between the molten metal 31 and the assembly 2
  • Ti-Al intermetallic compound which is light and excellent in mechanical strength at high temperature was chosen as base metal 6 of titanium or titanium alloy, and cast into a turbine wheel for turbo charger which is 1200g in finished weight with outside diameter of 140mm.
  • the high-frequency generator used in this time for supplying high frequency wave to the induction heating coil 5 is a small and simplified type comparatively having capacity of 60kW. And the frequency is high as much as 30kHz, so that it is possible to melt materials with small diameters efficiently.
  • the turbine wheel has twelve turbine blades and twelve gates 22 having diameters of 8mm were provided near the lower parts of respective turbine blades in total.
  • the base metal 6 composed of Ti-Al intermetallic compound was fed from the under side of the assembly 2 formed with water cooled copper segments 2a, 2b,...2h, and heated by supplying the high frequency wave of 60 kW with frequency of 30 kHz to the induction heating coil 5. And the base metal 6 was molten by forming eddy currents on the inside of the assembly 2 and inducing an eddy current in the outermost layer of the base metal 6 of Ti-Al alloy.
  • the casting temperature was determined at 1580°C by making the temperature of the molten metal 31 higher than the melting point 1520°C of the Ti-Al alloy by 60°C (superheat).
  • the degree of superheat in this time is remarkably low as compared with that of the top poured conventional precision casting (150 ⁇ 50°C), it is effective for inhibiting the reaction between the permeable mold 21 and the molten metal 31.
  • the gas in the molding cavity 21a was discharged through the permeable mold 21 according to the difference of the internal pressures between the mold chamber 14 and the melting space 15, and the molten metal 31 of Ti-Al alloy was drawn by suction in the molding cavity 21a and the feeder head 21c through the tubular sprue 23 and the gates 22. And then the turbine wheel was obtained by solidifying the molten metal 31 in the molding cavity 21a.
  • the molten metal 31 spreads well every nook and corner of the thinwalled turbine blade, and it was possible to obtain the turbine wheel with high accuracy in shape.
  • Adopting the method and the apparatus for precision casting according to this invention it becomes possible to manufacture complicated and large-sized precision casting which has been impossible to be made substantially and the invention will contribute much to further development of the precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy. And in addition to above, it is possible to apply the method and the apparatus to presicion casting of metals or alloys of the metals having high melting points or high activity such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, zirconium, lithium or the like.
  • the method for precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy comprises the the step of establishing molten base metal of titanium or titanium alloy by induction heating in an assembly formed with a plurality of water cooled copper segments disposed circlewise on the inside of an induction heating coil in a state in which the copper segments are insulated from each other, and casting the molten base metal into a premeable mold disposed above the molten base metal by vacuum casting.
  • the molten base metal is deteched from the assembly and a gap is formed between the molten metal and the assembly by repelling force caused by currents flowing in the outermost layers of the assembly and the molten metal and having opposite phases each other because the base metal is molten by an eddy current induced in the outer layer thereof by eddy currents which are alternaing currents at the time of melting the base metal of titanium or titanium alloy.
  • the precision casting apparatus for titanium or titanium alloy comprises an induction heating coil, an assembly formed with a plurality of water cooled copper segments disposed circlewise on the inside of said induction heating coil in a state in which the copper segments are insulated from each other, and fed with base metal of titanium or titanium alloy from the under side thereof, and a permeable mold for casting tha base metal molten by induction heating on the inside of the assembly formed with the water cooled copper segments by means of vacuum casting. Therefore, an excellent effect can be obtained since it becomes possible to manufacture the precision castings of titanium or titanium alloy with accuracy in a better yield by enabling execution of the aforementioned method for precision casting of titanium or titanium alloy.
  • the preferred embodiments of the present invention can Provide a method and an apparatus for precision casting which is possible to obtain precision castings of metals with high melting points or high activity by preventing the molten metal from the contamination in the melting, maintaining the quantity and the temperature of the molten metal required for the casting, and casting the molten metal under the forced casting condition suitable to prevent the misrun of the molten metal even if the molten metal is cast at the low temperature at the time of carring out the precision casting of titanium, titanium alloy or other metals having high melting points or high activities such as tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, zirconium, lithium or the like.
EP19910304192 1990-05-15 1991-05-09 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Präzisionsgiessen Expired - Lifetime EP0457502B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2124383A JP2541341B2 (ja) 1990-05-15 1990-05-15 Ｔｉ，Ｔｉ合金の精密鋳造方法および精密鋳造装置
JP124383/90 1990-05-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0457502A1 true EP0457502A1 (de) 1991-11-21
EP0457502B1 EP0457502B1 (de) 1995-10-11

Family

ID=14884053

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910304192 Expired - Lifetime EP0457502B1 (de) 1990-05-15 1991-05-09 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Präzisionsgiessen

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0457502B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2541341B2 (de)
DE (1) DE69113676T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2080897T3 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0739667A1 (de) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-30 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Metall
US5722481A (en) * 1995-06-20 1998-03-03 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Method for casting metal and apparatus therefor
EP0747648B1 (de) * 1995-05-19 2001-11-21 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Schwebenschmelzverfahren und Schmelz- und Giessverfahren

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1696043A1 (de) * 2005-02-25 2006-08-30 WALDEMAR LINK GmbH & Co. KG Verfahren zum Giessen einer Titanlegierung
CN112916831B (zh) * 2021-01-25 2022-07-26 中国科学院金属研究所 一种具有片层界面择优定向及细小层片特征的γ-TiAl合金的制备方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4112997A (en) * 1977-02-28 1978-09-12 Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. Metal casting
US4196769A (en) * 1978-03-20 1980-04-08 Remet Corporation Ceramic shell mold
GB2035165A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-06-18 Hitchiner Manufacturing Co Casting in gas permeable moulds
GB2204816A (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-23 Metal Casting Tech Countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion
DE3927998A1 (de) * 1988-08-25 1990-03-01 Reiichi Okuda Praezisions-giessverfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner durchfuehrung

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4112997A (en) * 1977-02-28 1978-09-12 Hitchiner Manufacturing Co., Inc. Metal casting
US4196769A (en) * 1978-03-20 1980-04-08 Remet Corporation Ceramic shell mold
GB2035165A (en) * 1978-10-02 1980-06-18 Hitchiner Manufacturing Co Casting in gas permeable moulds
GB2204816A (en) * 1987-05-07 1988-11-23 Metal Casting Tech Countergravity casting of metal with air exclusion
DE3927998A1 (de) * 1988-08-25 1990-03-01 Reiichi Okuda Praezisions-giessverfahren und vorrichtung zu seiner durchfuehrung

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0739667A1 (de) * 1995-04-25 1996-10-30 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Giessen von Metall
EP0747648B1 (de) * 1995-05-19 2001-11-21 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Schwebenschmelzverfahren und Schmelz- und Giessverfahren
US5722481A (en) * 1995-06-20 1998-03-03 Daido Tokushuko Kabushiki Kaisha Method for casting metal and apparatus therefor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2541341B2 (ja) 1996-10-09
ES2080897T3 (es) 1996-02-16
JPH0422562A (ja) 1992-01-27
DE69113676D1 (de) 1995-11-16
EP0457502B1 (de) 1995-10-11
DE69113676T2 (de) 1996-04-18

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