EP0456083A1 - Air filter choke indication device for vacuum cleaners, room filters and the like - Google Patents

Air filter choke indication device for vacuum cleaners, room filters and the like Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0456083A1
EP0456083A1 EP91106973A EP91106973A EP0456083A1 EP 0456083 A1 EP0456083 A1 EP 0456083A1 EP 91106973 A EP91106973 A EP 91106973A EP 91106973 A EP91106973 A EP 91106973A EP 0456083 A1 EP0456083 A1 EP 0456083A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filter
light barrier
air
fork
dirt
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP91106973A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Peter Wörwag
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Fedag
Original Assignee
Fedag
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0456083A1 publication Critical patent/EP0456083A1/en
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/10—Filters; Dust separators; Dust removal; Automatic exchange of filters
    • A47L9/19—Means for monitoring filtering operation
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2805—Parameters or conditions being sensed
    • A47L9/281—Parameters or conditions being sensed the amount or condition of incoming dirt or dust
    • A47L9/2815—Parameters or conditions being sensed the amount or condition of incoming dirt or dust using optical detectors
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2894—Details related to signal transmission in suction cleaners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/32—Responding to malfunctions or emergencies
    • F24F11/39—Monitoring filter performance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F8/00—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying
    • F24F8/10—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering
    • F24F8/108—Treatment, e.g. purification, of air supplied to human living or working spaces otherwise than by heating, cooling, humidifying or drying by separation, e.g. by filtering using dry filter elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for displaying the degree of contamination of an air filter according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Devices for monitoring the pollution of an air filter in suction cleaning devices such as vacuum cleaners or in devices for cleaning room air are known. They have a measuring arrangement for detecting the pressure difference before and after the air filter of the air flow flowing through the filter.
  • the pressure difference increases with increasing filter loading.
  • the recorded pressure values are subject to fluctuations, for example in suction cleaning devices, since the volume flow of the air flow is severely impaired by the use of the suction tool. If the suction tool lies completely on the surface to be cleaned during the cleaning process, the suction air flow is severely restricted and changes strongly in the course of the working movement with the suction tool partially or completely lifted off the surface to be cleaned.
  • the measuring arrangement detects the pressure fluctuations and activates the display for a necessary filter change, although this is not exchanged must become. The staff is therefore very unsettled in the assessment of the filter loading and thus the time of filter cleaning or filter replacement.
  • the indicator for the degree of contamination of the air filter is too imprecise.
  • the actual conditions are also unfavorable for air purification devices for cleaning room air or for humidifying room air.
  • the flow velocity of the air flow that is to say the air volume flowing through the air cleaning device, is kept low in room air cleaning devices. Due to the air conveying system of these devices, the negative pressure generated by the conveying fan is relatively low, so that the pressure difference occurring when the loaded filter flows through is also very low and can therefore only be detected with great effort.
  • water and lime deposits form in the filter.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a generic device such that volume fluctuations in the air flow do not lead to incorrect displays of the degree of contamination of the air filter.
  • the dirt loading of the air filter can be detected simply and precisely and in particular independently of volume fluctuations in the air flow.
  • the display controlled by the light barrier is therefore very accurate.
  • the intensity of the emitted light beam is reduced in accordance with the filter loading, the detectable reduction in the radiation intensity being converted into an electrical output signal and evaluated in an evaluation circuit.
  • the evaluation circuit generates electrical function signals and controls, for example, an optical display for the degree of contamination of the air filter and / or acts on a control device, for example to switch off the device when the filter is added. The operator can easily and precisely recognize when to clean the filter or replace it with a new filter or, for example, with a roller belt filter, to move the loaded filter surface.
  • the light barrier advantageously works in the infrared range. It has been shown that such radiation can achieve high accuracy with little malfunction.
  • the dirt-carrying air stream advantageously flows onto the outside of the filter facing away from the light barrier, so that the light barrier lies in the clean air space of the filter. In this way, dirt deposits on the light barrier can be avoided, which could possibly lead to malfunctions.
  • the output signals of the light barriers can be evaluated together as a sum value. It can also be expedient to use the output signals of the light barriers arranged at different points on the filter surface to produce an average signal, for example by arithmetic ones Form averaging and compare this arithmetic mean signal with a limit value or process it with an evaluation circuit.
  • Reflection light barriers are advantageously proposed as light barriers; fork light barriers can also be advantageously arranged.
  • the choice of light barrier will be based on the shape and shape of the filter as well as the spatial conditions.
  • the suction cleaning device shown in FIG. 1 has a dirt holding container 3, which is arranged on a chassis 2.
  • the dirt container 3 is sealed airtight by a cover part 4.
  • a motor fan unit with electrical switching, control and display elements is integrated in a known manner.
  • a display 13 is provided for the degree of contamination of the air filter.
  • a replaceable filter 5 is also fastened to the cover part 4 and extends axially into the dirt holding container 3.
  • the filter 5 can be a pleated filter or a filter with a smooth outer surface 12 or inner surface 37.
  • a suction line (not shown) is connected to the suction port 8 and is connected to a suction tool (not shown).
  • the dirt particles contained in the suction air flow are retained by the filter 5.
  • the larger dirt particles fall into the dirt receptacle 3, while the finer and finest dirt particles are deposited on the surface and in the filter structure of the filter 5.
  • the more the filter 5 becomes clogged with dirt particles the more the suction air flow of the suction cleaning device 1 is throttled. The flow resistance of the filter increases.
  • the dirt loading of the filter 5 is detected by a commercially available light barrier 9, the structure and mode of operation of which is generally known.
  • a reflection light barrier 9 is attached to the cover part 4 of the suction cleaning device.
  • the light beam 6 emitted by the transmitter of the reflection light barrier 9 is aligned approximately axially with respect to the dirt holding container 3, that is to say it is approximately parallel to the outer surface 12 of the filter 5 to be monitored Deflected 90 ° so that it strikes the outer surface of the filter 5.
  • the light beam 6 is reflected on the outer surface 12 of the filter 5 and is reflected back as a reflected light beam 7 via the reflector 10 to the receiver of the reflection light barrier 9. Due to the dirt loading of the filter 5, the reflectivity of the filter outer surface 12 decreases; in the same way, the intensity of the reflected light beam 7 is reduced as a function of the loading of dirt.
  • a limit value is set for the intensity of the reflected light beam 7, below which the light barrier 9 switches and activates the display 13, which visually indicates the necessary filter change. It can also be advantageous to detect the change in intensity of the reflected light beam 7 compared to the emitted light beam 6 and to process it in an electronic evaluation circuit. The evaluation circuit then outputs a control signal to a display and / or control device in order to display the detected operating state and / or to change it.
  • the reflector 10 for deflecting the axial light beam into a light beam radial or perpendicular to the filter 5 is advantageously fastened to the inner wall 11 of the dirt-holding container 3. It can also be beneficial Arrange reflector 10 on the filter 5 itself or a holder of the filter 5.
  • the arranged light barrier is a fork light barrier 16; the use of a retro-reflective sensor can also be useful.
  • the fork light barrier 16 is arranged in such a way that two folds 17 and 18 of the filter 15 which run towards one another at an acute angle lie with the folding edge 19 formed by them between the two legs 22 and 23.
  • the transmitter 24 and the receiver 25 of the fork light barrier 16 are arranged in the region of the ends of the legs 22 and 23.
  • the light beam 21 emitted by the transmitter 24 penetrates the filter folds 18 and 19 and falls on the receiver 25.
  • the intensity of the light beam arriving at the receiver 25 is reduced by contaminating the filter surface and the filter structure.
  • the fork light barrier switches through and activates the display 13, which visually indicates the necessary filter change.
  • the reduction in intensity can also be evaluated in an electronic evaluation circuit which then controls the display 13 and / or causes a change in the operating state of the device.
  • the fork light barrier 16 is advantageously fixed to the cartridge-like pleated filter 15 by a bracket 26.
  • An electrical line 29 and a plug connection 30 are provided for the electrical connection to the display or the evaluation circuit.
  • the holder 26 consists of a rod 40 arranged laterally next to the pleated filter 15, the ends of which are held in the rigid end plates 41 and 42 of the pleated filter.
  • the fork light barrier is attached to the rod 40, preferably adjustable along the rod.
  • the cartridge-like pleated filter 15 is replaced together with the fork light barrier 16 as an exchange part. After changing the filter 15, it is only necessary to insert the electrical plug connection. An adjustment of the fork light barrier after changing the pleated filter 15 is not necessary. Such an adjustment would be necessary if the fork light barrier 16 were attached to the cover part 4, for example.
  • FIG. 4 shows the use of a fork light barrier 16 for monitoring a flat filter 31, as is used, for example, as a so-called blow-out air filter in suction cleaning devices or in room air cleaning devices.
  • the flat filter 31 cleans the blown air flow conveyed and filtered by the suction fan of fine dust still contained. Since this blow-out air flow also contains the mostly separate cooling air flow of the motor fan unit, which is contaminated with the abrasion of the carbon brushes in commutator motors, the dirt load of the cooling air flow in the flat filter 31 is also retained.
  • filter monitoring described can also be used advantageously in the case of flat belt filters, the so-called roll belt filters, in air purification devices.
  • a reflection light barrier 9 is arranged in FIG. 5 for monitoring a flat filter 31.
  • the light beam 34 emanating from the transmitter 24 of the reflection light barrier 9 strikes the surface 35 of the flat filter 31 approximately perpendicularly, is reflected there and falls on the receiver 25 as a reflected light beam 33.
  • the receiver 25 generates an electrical output signal that changes as a function of the intensity of the incident light beam 33.
  • the intensity of the received light beam 33 which is changed by the filter loading, is thus forwarded as an electrical signal to an electronic evaluation circuit and implemented as a display and / or control signal.
  • the flow direction 32 of the filter 5 or 15 with the dirt-laden air flow can be chosen freely.
  • a flow against the air filter in the direction of arrow 32 is advantageously provided, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5. In this way, functional impairment of the light barrier by dust deposits is largely avoided, since the light barrier is located in the cleaned exhaust air flow.
  • This reference light barrier picks up a reference measurement value at an unoccupied point of the filter, which reference value can be supplied to the electronic evaluation circuit as a base value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum cleaner with a display of the degree of choking of an air filter (5) which is arranged in an air flow for separating dirt from the air flow. There is provided a measuring arrangement, designed as a light barrier (9, 16), for the degree of choking of the air filter (5) which is connected to a display (13). The light barrier can be designed as a fork-type or reflection light barrier and detects the degree of choking of the air filter optically and converts it into an electric output signal which is utilised for controlling the display (13). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Anzeige des Verschmutzungsgrades eines Luftfilters nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for displaying the degree of contamination of an air filter according to the preamble of claim 1.

Vorrichtungen zur Überwachung der Schmutzbefrachtung eines Luftfilters in Saugreinigungsgeräten wie Staubsaugern oder bei Geräten zur Reinigung von Raumluft sind bekannt. Sie weisen eine Meßanordnung zur Erfassung der Druckdifferenz vor und nach dem Luftfilter des den Filter durchströmenden Luftstroms auf. Mit zunehmender Filterbefrachtung erhöht sich die Druckdifferenz. Die erfaßten Druckwerte unterliegen jedoch zum Beispiel bei Saugreinigungsgeräten Schwankungen, da der Volumenstrom des Luftstroms durch den Gebrauch des Saugwerkzeugs stark beeinträchtigt wird. Liegt das Saugwerkzeug beim Reinigungsvorgang vollständig auf der zu reinigenden Fläche auf, wird der Saugluftstrom stark gedrosselt und wechselt im Verlaufe der Arbeitsbewegung bei teilweise bis vollständig von der zu reinigenden Fläche abgehobenem Saugwerkzeug stark. Die Meßanordnung erfaßt die Druckschwankungen und aktiviert die Anzeige für einen notwendigen Filterwechsel, obwohl dieser nicht ausgetauscht werden muß. Das Personal ist daher in der Beurteilung der Filterbefrachtung und damit des Zeitpunktes der Filterreinigung oder des Filterwechsels stark verunsichert. Die Anzeige für den Verschmutzungsgrad des Luftfilters ist zu ungenau.Devices for monitoring the pollution of an air filter in suction cleaning devices such as vacuum cleaners or in devices for cleaning room air are known. They have a measuring arrangement for detecting the pressure difference before and after the air filter of the air flow flowing through the filter. The pressure difference increases with increasing filter loading. However, the recorded pressure values are subject to fluctuations, for example in suction cleaning devices, since the volume flow of the air flow is severely impaired by the use of the suction tool. If the suction tool lies completely on the surface to be cleaned during the cleaning process, the suction air flow is severely restricted and changes strongly in the course of the working movement with the suction tool partially or completely lifted off the surface to be cleaned. The measuring arrangement detects the pressure fluctuations and activates the display for a necessary filter change, although this is not exchanged must become. The staff is therefore very unsettled in the assessment of the filter loading and thus the time of filter cleaning or filter replacement. The indicator for the degree of contamination of the air filter is too imprecise.

Auch bei Luftreinigungsgeräten zum Reinigen von Raumluft bzw. zum Befeuchten von Raumluft liegen die tatsächlichen Verhältnisse ungünstig. Mit Rücksicht auf die Geräuschbildung und zur Vermeidung von Zuglufterscheinungen wird bei Raumluftreinigungsgeräten die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Luftstromes, also das das Luftreinigungsgerät durchströmende Luftvolumen niedrig gehalten. Bedingt durch das Luftfördersystem dieser Geräte ist der vom Fördergebläse erzeugte Unterdruck verhältnismäßig niedrig, so daß die beim Druchströmen des befrachteten Filters auftretende Druckdifferenz ebenfalls sehr niedrig und daher nur sehr aufwendig zu erfassen ist. Erschwerend kommt bei Luftreinigungsgeräten mit zusätzlicher Luftbefeuchtung hinzu, daß sich im Filter Wasser- und Kalkablagerungen bilden.The actual conditions are also unfavorable for air purification devices for cleaning room air or for humidifying room air. With regard to noise generation and to avoid drafts, the flow velocity of the air flow, that is to say the air volume flowing through the air cleaning device, is kept low in room air cleaning devices. Due to the air conveying system of these devices, the negative pressure generated by the conveying fan is relatively low, so that the pressure difference occurring when the loaded filter flows through is also very low and can therefore only be detected with great effort. To make matters more difficult with air purification devices with additional air humidification, water and lime deposits form in the filter.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine gattungsgemäße Vorrichtung derart weiterzubilden, daß Volumenschwankungen des Luftstroms nicht zu falschen Anzeigen des Verschmutzungsgrades des Luftfilters führen.The invention has for its object to develop a generic device such that volume fluctuations in the air flow do not lead to incorrect displays of the degree of contamination of the air filter.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß gemäß den kennzeichenden Merkmalen des Anspruches 1 gelöst.The object is achieved according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

Mit der erfindungsgemäß anzuordnenden Lichtschranke ist die Schmutzbefrachtung des Luftfilters einfach und genau und insbesondere unabhängig von Volumenschwankungen des Luftstroms erfaßbar. Die von der Lichtschranke angesteuerte Anzeige ist somit sehr genau. Die Intensität des ausgesandten Lichtstrahls wird entsprechend der Filterbefrachtung verringert, wobei die erfaßbare Reduzierung der Strahlungsintensität in ein elektrisches Ausgangssignal umgesetzt und in einer Auswerteschaltung ausgewertet wird. Die Auswerteschaltung erzeugt elektrische Funktionssignale und steuert eine zum Beispiel optische Anzeige für den Verschmutzungsgrad des Luftfilters und/oder wirkt auf eine Steuereinrichtung, zum Beispiel, um das Gerät bei zugesetztem Filter abzuschalten. Die Bedienungsperson kann leicht und genau erkennen, wann das Filter zu reinigen bzw. durch ein neues Filter zu ersetzen oder zum Beispiel bei einem Rollbandfilter die belastete Filterfläche weiterzubewegen ist.With the light barrier to be arranged according to the invention, the dirt loading of the air filter can be detected simply and precisely and in particular independently of volume fluctuations in the air flow. The display controlled by the light barrier is therefore very accurate. The intensity of the emitted light beam is reduced in accordance with the filter loading, the detectable reduction in the radiation intensity being converted into an electrical output signal and evaluated in an evaluation circuit. The evaluation circuit generates electrical function signals and controls, for example, an optical display for the degree of contamination of the air filter and / or acts on a control device, for example to switch off the device when the filter is added. The operator can easily and precisely recognize when to clean the filter or replace it with a new filter or, for example, with a roller belt filter, to move the loaded filter surface.

Vorteilhaft arbeitet die Lichtschranke im Infrarotbereich. Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei einer derartigen Strahlung eine hohe Genauigkeit bei geringen Funktionsstörungen erzielt werden kann.The light barrier advantageously works in the infrared range. It has been shown that such radiation can achieve high accuracy with little malfunction.

In vorteilhafter Weise strömt der Schmutz tragende Luftstrom auf der der Lichtschranke abgewandten Außenseite des Filters an, so daß die Lichtschranke im Reinluftraum des Filters liegt. Es können so Schmutzablagerungen an der Lichtschranke vermieden werden, die gegebenenfalls zu Funktionsstörungen führen könnten.The dirt-carrying air stream advantageously flows onto the outside of the filter facing away from the light barrier, so that the light barrier lies in the clean air space of the filter. In this way, dirt deposits on the light barrier can be avoided, which could possibly lead to malfunctions.

Es kann vorteilhaft sein, über den zu überwachenden Filter mehrere Lichtschranken verteilt anzuordnen, wobei die Ausgangssignale der Lichtschranken vorzugsweise als Summenwert zusammengefaßt ausgewertet werden. Es kann auch zweckmäßig sein, aus den Ausgangssignalen der an unterschiedlichen Stellen der Filterfläche angeordneten Lichtschranken ein Durchschnittssignal zum Beispiel durch arithmetische Mittelung zu bilden und dieses arithmetische Mittelsignal mit einem Grenzwert zu vergleichen oder mit einer Auswerteschaltung zu verarbeiten.It can be advantageous to arrange a plurality of light barriers in a distributed manner over the filter to be monitored, the output signals of the light barriers preferably being evaluated together as a sum value. It can also be expedient to use the output signals of the light barriers arranged at different points on the filter surface to produce an average signal, for example by arithmetic ones Form averaging and compare this arithmetic mean signal with a limit value or process it with an evaluation circuit.

Als Lichtschranken sind vorteilhaft Reflexionslichtschranken vorgeschlagen; auch Gabellichtschranken können vorteilhaft angeordnet werden. Die Wahl der Lichtschranke wird sich an der Form und der Gestalt des Filters sowie den räumlichen Gegebenheiten orientieren.Reflection light barriers are advantageously proposed as light barriers; fork light barriers can also be advantageously arranged. The choice of light barrier will be based on the shape and shape of the filter as well as the spatial conditions.

Weitere Merkmale der Erfindung ergeben sich aus den weiteren Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und der Zeichnung, in der nachfolgend im einzelnen beschriebene Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung dargestellt sind. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
im Längsschnitt eine schematische Darstellung eines Saugreinigungsgerätes mit einer Reflexionslichtschranke,
Fig. 2
im Querschnitt einen Faltenfilter mit einer an der Faltung angeordneten Gabellichtschranke,
Fig. 3
eine Ansicht einer Faltenfilterpatrone mit einer zugeordneten Gabellichtschranke,
Fig. 4
im Schnitt ein Flachfilter mit angeordneter Gabellichtschranke,
Fig. 5
im Schnitt ein Flachfilterband mit einer angeordneten Reflexionslichtschranke.
Further features of the invention result from the further claims, the description and the drawing, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention described in detail below are shown. Show it:
Fig. 1
in longitudinal section a schematic representation of a suction cleaning device with a reflection light barrier,
Fig. 2
in cross section a pleated filter with a fork light barrier arranged on the fold,
Fig. 3
a view of a pleated filter cartridge with an associated fork light barrier,
Fig. 4
on average a flat filter with an arranged fork light barrier,
Fig. 5
on average a flat filter belt with an arranged reflection light barrier.

Das in Fig. 1 dargestellte Saugreinigungsgerät weist einen Schmutzaufnahmebehälter 3 auf, der auf einem Fahrgestell 2 angeordnet ist. Der Schmutzaufnahmebehälter 3 ist durch einen Deckelteil 4 luftdicht abgeschlossen. Im Deckelteil 4 ist in bekannter Weise ein Motorgebläseaggregat mit elektrischen Schalt-, Steuer- und Anzeigeelementen integriert. Für den Verschmutzungsgrad des Luftfilters ist eine Anzeige 13 vorgesehen.The suction cleaning device shown in FIG. 1 has a dirt holding container 3, which is arranged on a chassis 2. The dirt container 3 is sealed airtight by a cover part 4. In the cover part 4, a motor fan unit with electrical switching, control and display elements is integrated in a known manner. A display 13 is provided for the degree of contamination of the air filter.

Am Deckelteil 4 ist ferner ein auswechselbarer Filter 5 befestigt, der sich axial in den Schmutzaufnahmebehälter 3 erstreckt. Der Filter 5 kann ein Faltenfilter oder auch ein Filter mit glatter Außenfläche 12 bzw. Innenfläche 37 sein. Durch einen Saugstutzen 8 des Deckelteils 4 strömt ein schmutzbeladener Saugluftstrom in den Schmutzaufnahmebehälter 3 ein, durchströmt den Filter 5 und wird dann - als gereinigter Saugluftstrom - über das Motorgebläseaggregat in die Umgebung ausgeblasen. An den Saugstutzen 8 ist eine nicht dargestellte Saugleitung angeschlossen, die mit einem - nicht dargestellten - Saugwerkzeug verbunden ist. Die im Saugluftstrom enthaltenen Schmutzteile werden durch das Filter 5 zurückgehalten. Die größeren Schmutzteile fallen in den Schmutzaufnahmebehälter 3, während sich die feineren und feinsten Schmutzteile an der Oberfläche und in der Filterstruktur des Filters 5 ablagern. Je mehr sich der Filter 5 mit Schmutzteilchen zusetzt, desto mehr wird der Saugluftstrom des Saugreinigungsgerätes 1 gedrosselt. Der Strömungswiderstand des Filters wird größer.A replaceable filter 5 is also fastened to the cover part 4 and extends axially into the dirt holding container 3. The filter 5 can be a pleated filter or a filter with a smooth outer surface 12 or inner surface 37. Through a suction port 8 of the cover part 4, a dirt-laden suction air stream flows into the dirt holding container 3, flows through the filter 5 and is then blown out into the environment via the engine blower unit as a cleaned suction air stream. A suction line (not shown) is connected to the suction port 8 and is connected to a suction tool (not shown). The dirt particles contained in the suction air flow are retained by the filter 5. The larger dirt particles fall into the dirt receptacle 3, while the finer and finest dirt particles are deposited on the surface and in the filter structure of the filter 5. The more the filter 5 becomes clogged with dirt particles, the more the suction air flow of the suction cleaning device 1 is throttled. The flow resistance of the filter increases.

Die Schmutzbefrachtung des Filters 5 wird erfindungsgemäß durch eine handelsübliche Lichtschranke 9 erfaßt, deren Aufbau und deren Funktionsweise allgemein bekannt ist.According to the invention, the dirt loading of the filter 5 is detected by a commercially available light barrier 9, the structure and mode of operation of which is generally known.

Im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel nach Fig. 1 ist am Deckelteil 4 des Saugreinigungsgerätes eine Reflexionslichtschranke 9 befestigt. Der vom Sender der Reflexionslichtschranke 9 ausgesandte Lichtstrahl 6 ist etwa axial zum Schmutzaufnahmebehälter 3 ausgerichtet, liegt also etwa parallel zu der zu überwachenden Außenfläche 12 des Filters 5. Um ein Abtasten der Filteraußenfläche 12 zu ermöglichen, wird der Lichtstrahl 9 über einen Reflektor 10 um etwa 90° umgelenkt, so daß er auf die Außenfläche des Filters 5 auftrifft. Auf der Außenfläche 12 des Filters 5 wird der Lichtstrahl 6 reflektiert und als reflektierter Lichtstrahl 7 über den Reflektor 10 zum Empfänger der Reflexionslichtschranke 9 zurückgespiegelt. Durch die Schmutzbefrachtung des Filters 5 nimmt die Reflexionsfähigkeit der Filteraußenfläche 12 ab; in gleicher Weise verringert sich die Intensität des reflektierten Lichtstrahls 7 in Abhängigkeit der Schmutzbefrachtung. In einfacher Weise wird ein Grenzwert für die Intensität des reflektierten Lichtstrahls 7 eingestellt, bei dessen Unterschreiten die Lichtschranke 9 schaltet und die Anzeige 13 aktiviert, die den notwendigen Filterwechsel optisch anzeigt. Es kann auch vorteilhaft sein, die Intensitätsveränderung des reflektierten Lichtstrahls 7 im Vergleich zum emitierten Lichtstrahl 6 zu erfassen und in einer elektronischen Auswerteschaltung zu verarbeiten. Die Auswerteschaltung gibt dann ein Steuersignal an eine Anzeige- und/oder Steuereinrichtung, um den erfaßten Betriebszustand anzuzeigen und/oder diesen zu verändern.In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a reflection light barrier 9 is attached to the cover part 4 of the suction cleaning device. The light beam 6 emitted by the transmitter of the reflection light barrier 9 is aligned approximately axially with respect to the dirt holding container 3, that is to say it is approximately parallel to the outer surface 12 of the filter 5 to be monitored Deflected 90 ° so that it strikes the outer surface of the filter 5. The light beam 6 is reflected on the outer surface 12 of the filter 5 and is reflected back as a reflected light beam 7 via the reflector 10 to the receiver of the reflection light barrier 9. Due to the dirt loading of the filter 5, the reflectivity of the filter outer surface 12 decreases; in the same way, the intensity of the reflected light beam 7 is reduced as a function of the loading of dirt. In a simple manner, a limit value is set for the intensity of the reflected light beam 7, below which the light barrier 9 switches and activates the display 13, which visually indicates the necessary filter change. It can also be advantageous to detect the change in intensity of the reflected light beam 7 compared to the emitted light beam 6 and to process it in an electronic evaluation circuit. The evaluation circuit then outputs a control signal to a display and / or control device in order to display the detected operating state and / or to change it.

Der Reflektor 10 zum Umlenken des axialen Lichtstrahls in einen zum Filter 5 radialen bzw. senkrechten Lichtstrahl ist vorteilhaft an der Innenwand 11 des Schmutzaufnahmebehälters 3 befestigt. Es kann auch vorteilhaft sein, den Reflektor 10 am Filter 5 selbst bzw. einer Halterung des Filters 5 anzuordnen.The reflector 10 for deflecting the axial light beam into a light beam radial or perpendicular to the filter 5 is advantageously fastened to the inner wall 11 of the dirt-holding container 3. It can also be beneficial Arrange reflector 10 on the filter 5 itself or a holder of the filter 5.

In Fig. 2 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung an einem Faltenfilter 15 gezeigt. Die angeordnete Lichtschranke ist eine Gabellichtschranke 16; die Verwendung einer Reflexionslichtschranke kann auch zweckmäßig sein. Die Gabellichtschranke 16 ist so angeordnet, daß zwei spitzwinklig aufeinander zu laufende Falten 17 und 18 des Filters 15 mit der durch sie gebildeten Faltungskante 19 zwischen den beiden Schenkeln 22 und 23 liegen. Im Bereich der Enden der Schenkel 22 und 23 sind der Sender 24 und der Empfänger 25 der Gabellichtschranke 16 angeordnet. Der vom Sender 24 abgegebene Lichtstrahl 21 durchdringt die Filterfalten 18 und 19 und fällt auf den Empfänger 25. Durch eine Schmutzbefrachtung der Filteroberfläche und der Filterstruktur wird die Intensität des beim Empfänger 25 ankommenden Lichtstrahls vermindert. Bei Unterschreiten eines vorgegebenen Grenzwertes schaltet die Gabellichtschranke durch und aktiviert die Anzeige 13, die den notwendigen Filterwechsel optisch anzeigt. Die Intensitätsverminderung kann auch in einer elektronischen Auswerteschaltung ausgewertet werden, die dann die Anzeige 13 steuert und/oder eine Veränderung des Betriebszustandes des Gerätes bewirkt.2 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention on a pleated filter 15. The arranged light barrier is a fork light barrier 16; the use of a retro-reflective sensor can also be useful. The fork light barrier 16 is arranged in such a way that two folds 17 and 18 of the filter 15 which run towards one another at an acute angle lie with the folding edge 19 formed by them between the two legs 22 and 23. The transmitter 24 and the receiver 25 of the fork light barrier 16 are arranged in the region of the ends of the legs 22 and 23. The light beam 21 emitted by the transmitter 24 penetrates the filter folds 18 and 19 and falls on the receiver 25. The intensity of the light beam arriving at the receiver 25 is reduced by contaminating the filter surface and the filter structure. If the value falls below a predetermined limit, the fork light barrier switches through and activates the display 13, which visually indicates the necessary filter change. The reduction in intensity can also be evaluated in an electronic evaluation circuit which then controls the display 13 and / or causes a change in the operating state of the device.

Wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, ist die Gabellichtschranke 16 vorteilhaft mit dem patronenartigen Faltenfilter 15 durch eine Halterung 26 fest verbunden. Zum elektrischen Anschluß an die Anzeige bzw. die Auswerteschaltung ist eine elektrische Leitung 29 und eine Steckverbindung 30 vorgesehen. Die Halterung 26 besteht aus einer seitlich neben dem Faltenfilter 15 angeordneten Stange 40, deren Enden in den starren Endplatten 41 und 42 des Faltenfilters gehalten sind.As shown in Fig. 3, the fork light barrier 16 is advantageously fixed to the cartridge-like pleated filter 15 by a bracket 26. An electrical line 29 and a plug connection 30 are provided for the electrical connection to the display or the evaluation circuit. The holder 26 consists of a rod 40 arranged laterally next to the pleated filter 15, the ends of which are held in the rigid end plates 41 and 42 of the pleated filter.

Die Gabellichtschranke ist auf der Stange 40 befestigt, vorzugsweise längs der Stange verstellbar. Das patronenartige Faltenfilter 15 wird zusammen mit der Gabellichtschranke 16 als Austauschteil ausgewechselt. Es muß nach dem Wechsel des Filters 15 nur noch die elektrische Steckverbindung eingesteckt werden. Eine Justierung der Gabellichtschranke nach einem Wechsel des Faltenfilters 15 entfällt. Eine derartige Justierung wäre notwendig, wenn die Gabellichtschranke 16 zum Beispiel am Deckelteil 4 angebracht wäre.The fork light barrier is attached to the rod 40, preferably adjustable along the rod. The cartridge-like pleated filter 15 is replaced together with the fork light barrier 16 as an exchange part. After changing the filter 15, it is only necessary to insert the electrical plug connection. An adjustment of the fork light barrier after changing the pleated filter 15 is not necessary. Such an adjustment would be necessary if the fork light barrier 16 were attached to the cover part 4, for example.

Fig. 4 zeigt die Anwendung einer Gabellichtschranke 16 für die Überwachung eines Flachfilters 31, wie es zum Beispiel als sogenanntes Ausblas-Luftfilter bei Saugreinigungsgeräten oder bei Raumluftreinigungsgeräten verwendet ist. Durch das Flachfilter 31 wird der vom Sauggebläse geförderte und gefilterte Blasluftstrom von noch enthaltenem Feinststaub gereinigt. Da dieser Ausblas-Luftstrom auch den meist separaten Kühlluftstrom des Motorgebläseaggregats enthält, der mit dem Abrieb der Kohlebürsten bei Kommutatormotoren verunreinigt ist, wird auch die Schmutzfracht des Kühlluftstroms im Flachfilter 31 zurückgehalten.FIG. 4 shows the use of a fork light barrier 16 for monitoring a flat filter 31, as is used, for example, as a so-called blow-out air filter in suction cleaning devices or in room air cleaning devices. The flat filter 31 cleans the blown air flow conveyed and filtered by the suction fan of fine dust still contained. Since this blow-out air flow also contains the mostly separate cooling air flow of the motor fan unit, which is contaminated with the abrasion of the carbon brushes in commutator motors, the dirt load of the cooling air flow in the flat filter 31 is also retained.

Die beschriebene Art der Filterüberwachung ist auch bei Flachbandfiltern, den sogenannten Rollbandfiltern, bei Luftreinigungsgeräten vorteilhaft einsetzbar.The type of filter monitoring described can also be used advantageously in the case of flat belt filters, the so-called roll belt filters, in air purification devices.

In Fig. 5 ist zur Überwachung eines Flachfilters 31 eine Reflexionslichtschranke 9 angeordnet. Der vom Sender 24 der Reflexionslichtschranke 9 ausgehende Lichtstrahl 34 trifft etwa senkrecht auf die Oberfläche 35 des Flachfilters 31 auf, wird dort reflektiert und fällt als reflektierter Lichtstrahl 33 auf den Empfänger 25. Der Empfänger 25 erzeugt ein in Abhängigkeit der Intensität des auftreffenden Lichtstrahls 33 verändertes elektrisches Ausgangssignal. Die durch die Filterbefrachtung veränderte Intensität des empfangenen Lichtstrahls 33 wird so als elektrisches Signal an eine elektronische Auswerteschaltung weitergeleitet und als Anzeige- und/oder Steuersignal umgesetzt.A reflection light barrier 9 is arranged in FIG. 5 for monitoring a flat filter 31. The light beam 34 emanating from the transmitter 24 of the reflection light barrier 9 strikes the surface 35 of the flat filter 31 approximately perpendicularly, is reflected there and falls on the receiver 25 as a reflected light beam 33. The receiver 25 generates an electrical output signal that changes as a function of the intensity of the incident light beam 33. The intensity of the received light beam 33, which is changed by the filter loading, is thus forwarded as an electrical signal to an electronic evaluation circuit and implemented as a display and / or control signal.

Die Anströmrichtung 32 des Filters 5 bzw. 15 mit dem schmutzbeladenen Luftstrom kann frei gewählt sein. Vorteilhaft ist eine Anströmung des Luftfilters in Pfeilrichtung 32 vorgesehen, wie in den Fig. 2, 4 und 5 dargestellt. Auf diese Weise wird eine Funktionsbeeinträchtigung der Lichtschranke durch Staubablagerungen weitgehend vermieden, da die Lichtschranke im gereinigten Abluftstrom liegt.The flow direction 32 of the filter 5 or 15 with the dirt-laden air flow can be chosen freely. A flow against the air filter in the direction of arrow 32 is advantageously provided, as shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5. In this way, functional impairment of the light barrier by dust deposits is largely avoided, since the light barrier is located in the cleaned exhaust air flow.

Da die Filtermaterialien durch Herstellungstoleranzen oder Materialänderungen sowie Farbstreuungen Unterschiede aufweisen können, ist vorteilhaft vorgesehen, für mindestens eine Referenzmessung eine weitere Lichtschranke anzuordnen. Diese Referenzlichtschranke greift an einer unbefrachteten Stelle des Filters einen Referenzmeßwert ab, welcher als Basiswert der elektronischen Auswerteschaltung zugeleitet werden kann.Since the filter materials can differ due to manufacturing tolerances or material changes and color variations, it is advantageously provided to arrange a further light barrier for at least one reference measurement. This reference light barrier picks up a reference measurement value at an unoccupied point of the filter, which reference value can be supplied to the electronic evaluation circuit as a base value.

Es kann auch vorteilhaft sein, mehrere Lichtschranken 16, 16' über die Filterfläche zu verteilen und die an den einzelnen Meßpunkten erfaßten Intensitäten der empfangenen Strahlungen zum Beispiel als "Summensignal" auszuwerten oder aber arithmetisch zu mitteln.It can also be advantageous to distribute a plurality of light barriers 16, 16 'over the filter surface and to evaluate the intensities of the radiation received at the individual measuring points, for example as a "sum signal" or to arithmetically average them.

Es hat sich gezeigt, daß bei den verwendeten Lichtschranken (Gabellichtschranke, Reflexionslichtschranke) mit einer Strahlung im Infrarotbereich die besten Funktionsergebnisse erzielt werden.It has been shown that the best functional results are achieved with radiation in the infrared range in the light barriers used (fork light barrier, reflection light barrier).

Claims (10)

Vorrichtung zur Anzeige des Verschmutzungsgrades eines Luftfilters in einem Saugreinigungsgerät, Raumfilter oder dgl., wobei der Luftfilter (5) in einem Luftstrom zum Abscheiden von Schmutz aus dem Luftstrom angeordnet ist, und mit einer Meßanordnung für den Verschmutzungsgrad des Luftfilters, die mit einer Anzeige (13) verbunden ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Meßanordnung eine Lichtschranke (9, 16) ist, deren Lichtstrahl etwa senkrecht zur Oberfläche des Filters ausgerichtet ist.Device for indicating the degree of contamination of an air filter in a suction cleaning device, room filter or the like, the air filter (5) being arranged in an air flow for separating dirt from the air flow, and with a measuring arrangement for the degree of contamination of the air filter, which is provided with an indicator ( 13) is connected
characterized in that the measuring arrangement is a light barrier (9, 16), the light beam of which is oriented approximately perpendicular to the surface of the filter. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strahlung der Lichtschranke im Infrarotbereich liegt.Device according to claim 1,
characterized in that the radiation from the light barrier is in the infrared range. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schmutz tragende Luftstrom auf der der Lichtschranke (9, 16) abgewandten Seite des Filters (5, 15, 31) anströmt.Device according to claim 1 or 2,
characterized in that the air stream carrying dirt flows onto the side of the filter (5, 15, 31) facing away from the light barrier (9, 16). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über den zu überwachenden Filter (5, 15, 31) mehrere Lichtschranken (9, 16, 16') verteilt angeordnet sind, deren Ausgangssignale vorzugsweise als Summenwert zusammengefaßt ausgewertet werden.Device according to one of claims 1 to 3,
characterized in that a plurality of light barriers (9, 16, 16 ') are arranged in a distributed manner over the filter (5, 15, 31) to be monitored, the output signals of which are preferably evaluated as a sum value. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtschranke eine Reflexionslichtschranke (9) ist, wobei die Strahlung der Reflexionslichtschranke (9) vorzugsweise über einen Reflektor (10) auf die Außenfläche (12) des Filters (5) gelenkt und von der Filteroberfläche (12) vorzugsweise über den Reflektor (10) zum Empfänger der Reflexionslichtschranke (9) zurückgespiegelt ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 4,
characterized in that the light barrier is a reflection light barrier (9), the radiation from the reflection light barrier (9) preferably being directed via a reflector (10) onto the outer surface (12) of the filter (5) and from the filter surface (12) preferably via the Reflector (10) is reflected back to the receiver of the reflection light barrier (9). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 für ein Staubreinigungsgerät mit einem Schmutzaufnahmebehälter (3), der durch ein Deckelteil (4) verschließbar ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtschranke (9) am Deckelteil (4) angeordnet und der Reflektor (10) an der Innenwand (11) des Schmutzaufnahmebehälters (3) befestigt ist.Apparatus according to claim 5 for a dust cleaning device with a dirt holding container (3) which can be closed by a cover part (4),
characterized in that the light barrier (9) is arranged on the cover part (4) and the reflector (10) is fastened to the inner wall (11) of the dirt holding container (3). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Lichtschranke eine Gabellichtschranke (16) ist.Device according to one of claims 1 to 5,
characterized in that the light barrier is a fork light barrier (16). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Filter (5) ein Faltenfilter (15) ist und die beiden Schenkel (22, 23) der Gabellichtschranke (16) zwei Falten (17, 18) und ihre gemeinsame Faltungskante (19) übergreifen, wobei der vom Sender (24) zum Empfänger (25) gerichtete Lichtstrahl (21) die beiden Falten (17, 18) durchdringt.Device according to claim 7,
characterized in that the filter (5) is a pleated filter (15) and the two legs (22, 23) of the fork light barrier (16) are two pleats (17, 18) and their overlap common folding edge (19), the light beam (21) directed from the transmitter (24) to the receiver (25) penetrating the two folds (17, 18). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gabellichtschranke (16) mittels einer Halterung (26) fest mit dem Faltenfilter (16) verbunden ist und mit ihm eine auswechselbare Einheit bildet.Device according to claim 8,
characterized in that the fork light barrier (16) is fixedly connected to the pleated filter (16) by means of a holder (26) and forms an interchangeable unit with it. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Gabellichtschranke (16) mit ihren Schenkeln (22, 23) einen Flachfilter (31) übergreift und der vom Sender (24) zum Empfänger (25) gerichtete Lichtstrahl (21) das Filter (31) durchdringt.Device according to claim 7,
characterized in that the fork light barrier (16) with its legs (22, 23) engages over a flat filter (31) and the light beam (21) directed from the transmitter (24) to the receiver (25) penetrates the filter (31).
EP91106973A 1990-05-05 1991-04-30 Air filter choke indication device for vacuum cleaners, room filters and the like Withdrawn EP0456083A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4014442 1990-05-05
DE4014442A DE4014442A1 (en) 1990-05-05 1990-05-05 DEVICE FOR DISPLAYING THE DEGREE OF POLLUTION OF AIR FILTERS IN SUCTION CLEANING DEVICES, ROOM FILTERS OR THE LIKE.

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EP0456083A1 true EP0456083A1 (en) 1991-11-13

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EP (1) EP0456083A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH04227811A (en)
KR (1) KR910019577A (en)
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DE (1) DE4014442A1 (en)
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DE3336210A1 (en) * 1982-10-06 1984-04-12 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V., 8000 München Method and device for level measurement
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EP0347223A2 (en) * 1988-06-15 1989-12-20 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Dust detector for vacuum cleaner

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EP1836941A2 (en) 2006-03-14 2007-09-26 Toshiba Tec Kabushiki Kaisha Electric vacuum cleaner
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO911610D0 (en) 1991-04-23
DE4014442A1 (en) 1991-11-07
CA2041829A1 (en) 1991-11-06
NO911610L (en) 1991-11-06
JPH04227811A (en) 1992-08-17
US5141309A (en) 1992-08-25
FI912153A0 (en) 1991-05-03
FI912153A (en) 1991-11-06
KR910019577A (en) 1991-12-19

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