EP0454567B1 - Kochofen mit elektrischen Widerständen für Unter- und/oder Oberhitze - Google Patents

Kochofen mit elektrischen Widerständen für Unter- und/oder Oberhitze Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0454567B1
EP0454567B1 EP19910401071 EP91401071A EP0454567B1 EP 0454567 B1 EP0454567 B1 EP 0454567B1 EP 19910401071 EP19910401071 EP 19910401071 EP 91401071 A EP91401071 A EP 91401071A EP 0454567 B1 EP0454567 B1 EP 0454567B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
microprocessor
oven
cooking
oven according
power
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Revoked
Application number
EP19910401071
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0454567A1 (de
Inventor
Bernard Delhomme
Didier Gouardo
Jean-Marie Gelineau
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Compagnie Europeenne pour lEquipement Menager SA
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Compagnie Europeenne pour lEquipement Menager SA
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Application filed by Compagnie Europeenne pour lEquipement Menager SA filed Critical Compagnie Europeenne pour lEquipement Menager SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C7/00—Stoves or ranges heated by electric energy
    • F24C7/08—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C7/087—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices of electric circuits regulating heat

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cooking oven with electric resistance of the hearth and / or of the top or grill.
  • Electric ovens intended for cooking food usually have at least two electric resistances in the upper part. Depending on the cooking needs, one or both resistors are put into service. Likewise in the lower part, at least two electrical resistances are generally provided and a single resistance or both are supplied according to the needs of the cooking.
  • one or more switches are provided associated with relatively complex wiring.
  • the invention aims to simplify the production of such a baking oven.
  • the present invention relates to an oven comprising the preceding elements, characterized in that the switch is controlled by the microprocessor in such a way that it is conductive during a determined fraction of each period of the alternating current of the sector, this fraction being a function of the desired power and in that the microprocessor includes in memory pre-programmed cooking cycles determining the evolution as a function of time of the power supplied to each of the heating resistors of the oven.
  • the invention also applies in the case of a so-called fan-assisted oven where an electrical heating resistance is provided in the vicinity of a turbine.
  • this turbine resistance is in series with a controlled switch.
  • the program is such that for the first time t1 the cooking is carried out at around 50% of the power of the sole and vault resistances then for a time t2 the cooking takes place at 100% of the power of the roof resistor, the floor resistor then being virtually no longer supplied with current.
  • the microprocessor also makes it possible to avoid sudden variations in current intensity the increase or decrease in power which can be controlled gradually.
  • This microprocessor can also, in a manner known per se, be used to control the temperature of the oven, in particular for a pyrolysis program.
  • the controlled switch is preferably a triac.
  • the controlled switch is an electromechanical type relay.
  • the cooking oven 10 (FIG. 1) comprises, in a conventional manner, a vault (or grill) resistance 11 and a hearth resistance 12 making it possible to cook food placed on an intermediate shelf 13.
  • a single arch resistor 11 and a single hearth resistor 12 are provided (FIG. 2).
  • Resistors 11 and 12 are supplied in parallel by the AC power sector. resistor 11 is in series with a triac 15. Similarly, resistor 12 is in series with a triac 16.
  • the conduction of the triacs 15 and 16 is controlled by a microprocessor 17.
  • a microprocessor 17 For this purpose, an output 171 of the microprocessor 17 is connected to the trigger of the triac 15 via an interface circuit 18.
  • an output 172 is connected to the trigger of the triac 16 via another interface circuit 19.
  • microprocessor 17 has inputs 173, 174, 175 ... to which are applied binary signals representing addresses of programs in memory of the microprocessor 17.
  • the output 171 controls the conduction of the triac 15 so that at each alternation of the AC sector (at frequency 50 Hz) the triac is conductive for a time chosen according to the power which it is desired to have delivered by the resistor 11. This fraction of the duration of each half-cycle during which the resistor 11 is supplied is determined by the program in the microprocessor 17.
  • the programs of the microprocessor 17 control, by the output 17 respective, the duration of conduction of the triac 16 at each alternation of the alternating current of the sector.
  • a signal is applied to the input 173
  • a preheating program is triggered, that is to say that the resistors 11 and 12 supply their full power, the triacs 15 and 16 are therefore permanently conductive.
  • the inputs 174 and 175 associated with keys, respectively 21 and 22, allow other preprogrammed operations.
  • FIG. 3 shows a diagram corresponding to the program associated with the 174 input and which corresponds to the cooking of a baking dish.
  • the time t has been plotted and on the ordinate the powers P supplied to the resistors 11 and 12.
  • the curve 30 in solid line corresponds to the sole resistance and the curve 31 in broken line corresponds to the vault resistance.
  • the microprocessor has two other inputs 1710 and 1711.
  • the input 1710 is connected to a variable resistor 25, or a coding wheel, via an interface circuit 251.
  • the microprocessor converts the value of the adjustable resistor 25 into a conduction time of the triac 15 at each alternation of the sector.
  • the value of the resistance 25 is determined by the user, for example using a rotary button or a cursor with linear displacement, according to the power which he wishes to supply to the resistance 11.
  • the input 1711 of the microprocessor 17 is connected to a variable resistor 26 (or coding wheel) via another interface circuit 261.
  • Resistance 26 plays, with respect to triac 16, the same role as that played by resistance 25 with respect to triac 15.
  • the commands on inputs 173, 174 and 175, which represent preprogrammed commands, have priority over commands on inputs 1710 and 1711.
  • the oven includes a temperature measurement device inside the enclosure which provides an indication on an input (not shown) of the microprocessor 17.
  • Another input of the microprocessor receives information on the set temperature, c ' that is, the desired temperature in the enclosure.
  • the microprocessor is programmed to control the power supplied to the electrical resistors so that the measured temperature corresponds to the set temperature.
  • the conduction periods of the triacs 15 and 16 depend not only on the power displayed but also on the desired temperature.
  • the temperature is controlled by all or nothing, that is to say that when the measured temperature is higher than the set temperature, the power supplied to the resistors is zero while when the temperature in the oven is less than the setpoint, the power supplied is equal to the power displayed, for example using variable resistors 25 and 26.
  • the temperature control is carried out like the power control, that is to say that at each alternation the duration of conduction of the triacs depends on the difference between the set temperature and the measured temperature.
  • the power control limits the fraction of the alternation during which each triac is conductive. More precisely, the power control requires that a triac be, during each alternation, conductive for a maximum duration t1 and the temperature control imposes that at each alternation the conduction duration is t1 - ⁇ , ⁇ being a function of the difference between the desired temperature and the measured temperature.
  • the power control is carried out as described above by periodically controlling a controlled switch such as a triac or a relay electromechanical, but the period is not that of the sector but a longer period.
  • a controlled switch such as a triac or a relay electromechanical
  • each switch is controlled in thirty-second periods. During a first part of this period the switch is conductive for a maximum duration t2, for example fifteen seconds. This duration t2 corresponds to the power control.
  • the temperature is controlled by making the switch conductive only for a period t2 - ⁇ , ⁇ being a function of the difference between the desired temperature and the measured temperature.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)
  • Control Of Temperature (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Backofen mit elektrischen Widerständen für Unter- (12) und/oder Oberhitze oder Grill (11), wobei ein von einem Mikroprozessor gesteuerter Schalter mit jedem der Widerstände in Reihe liegt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter derart vom Mikroprozessor gesteuert wird, daß er während eines bestimmten Bruchteils jeder Periode des Netzwechselstroms leitend ist, wobei dieser Bruchteil von der gewünschten Leistung abhängt, und daß der Speicher des Mikroprozessors (17) vorprogrammierte Kochzyklen aufweist, die die zeitabhängige Entwicklung der Leistung bestimmen, die an jeden der den Ofen heizenden Widerstände geliefert wird.
  2. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er in der Nähe eines Ventilators einen elektrischen Widerstand aufweist, dessen Inbetriebnahme durch den Mikroprozessor (17) gesteuert wird.
  3. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ofen einen elektrischen Unterhitzewiderstand, einen elektrischen Grill- oder Oberhitzenwiderstand und einen elektrischen Widerstand in der Nähe eines Ventilators aufweist.
  4. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter ein elektromechanisches Relais ist.
  5. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schalter ein Triac ist.
  6. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Mikroprozessor die Temperatur des Ofens regelt.
  7. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die vorprogrammierten Kochzyklen durch die Wahl der gewünschten Kochtemperatur verändert werden.
  8. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Kochzyklus im Speicher des Mikroprozessors so gestaltet ist, daß während einer ersten Zeitdauer die Erwärmung mit etwa 50% der Leistung des Unterhitzen- und des Oberhitzenwiderstands, dann während einer zweiten Zeitdauer die Erwärmung mit etwa 100% der Leistung des Oberhitzenwiderstands durchgeführt wird, während der Unterhitzenwiderstand dann praktisch nicht mehr mit Strom versorgt wird.
  9. Ofen nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens ein Kochzyklus im Speicher des Mikroprozessors so gestaltet ist, daß die Erhöhung oder die Verringerung der Leistung in progressiver Weise gesteuert wird.
  10. Ofen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er ein Mittel aufweist, um an einen Eingang des Mikroprozessors ein Signal anzulegen, das die im Ofen gewünschte Temperatur darstellt, und daß der Mikroprozessor programmiert ist, um die Schalter in Abhängigkeit vom Abstand zwischen der gemessenen und der gewünschten Temperatur zu steuern.
EP19910401071 1990-04-27 1991-04-23 Kochofen mit elektrischen Widerständen für Unter- und/oder Oberhitze Revoked EP0454567B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9005403A FR2661587A1 (fr) 1990-04-27 1990-04-27 Four de cuisson a resistances electriques de sole et/ou de voute.
FR9005403 1990-04-27

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0454567A1 EP0454567A1 (de) 1991-10-30
EP0454567B1 true EP0454567B1 (de) 1994-12-28

Family

ID=9396172

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19910401071 Revoked EP0454567B1 (de) 1990-04-27 1991-04-23 Kochofen mit elektrischen Widerständen für Unter- und/oder Oberhitze

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0454567B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69106205T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0454567T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2065631T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2661587A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19839069C5 (de) * 1998-08-27 2010-04-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Backofen mit Unterhitzeheizkörper

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56102617A (en) * 1980-01-18 1981-08-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Heating cooker
US4369352A (en) * 1980-12-29 1983-01-18 General Electric Company Temperature control system facilitating cooking temperature calibration in self-cleaning oven
DE3545108A1 (de) * 1985-12-19 1987-07-09 Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Herdsteuerschaltung zum garen von speisen
US4908760A (en) * 1987-12-31 1990-03-13 Whirlpool Corporation Self-cleaning oven temperature control having multiple stored temperature tables

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69106205T2 (de) 1995-05-11
EP0454567A1 (de) 1991-10-30
FR2661587A1 (fr) 1991-10-31
DK0454567T3 (da) 1995-04-03
ES2065631T3 (es) 1995-02-16
DE69106205D1 (de) 1995-02-09

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