EP0452538A1 - Jet drive for ships and airplanes and also pumps - Google Patents

Jet drive for ships and airplanes and also pumps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0452538A1
EP0452538A1 EP90118422A EP90118422A EP0452538A1 EP 0452538 A1 EP0452538 A1 EP 0452538A1 EP 90118422 A EP90118422 A EP 90118422A EP 90118422 A EP90118422 A EP 90118422A EP 0452538 A1 EP0452538 A1 EP 0452538A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
jet
jet pipe
drive according
cladding tube
screw
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Granted
Application number
EP90118422A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0452538B1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Gabriel
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP19900118422 priority Critical patent/EP0452538B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/14—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers characterised by being mounted in non-rotating ducts or rings, e.g. adjustable for steering purpose
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H11/00—Marine propulsion by water jets
    • B63H11/02—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water
    • B63H11/04—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps
    • B63H11/08—Marine propulsion by water jets the propulsive medium being ambient water by means of pumps of rotary type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/18—Rotors
    • F04D29/186—Shaftless rotors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H1/00—Propulsive elements directly acting on water
    • B63H1/02—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type
    • B63H1/12—Propulsive elements directly acting on water of rotary type with rotation axis substantially in propulsive direction
    • B63H1/14—Propellers
    • B63H1/16—Propellers having a shrouding ring attached to blades
    • B63H2001/165—Hubless propellers, e.g. peripherally driven shrouds with blades projecting from the shrouds' inside surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H2023/005—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements using a drive acting on the periphery of a rotating propulsive element, e.g. on a dented circumferential ring on a propeller, or a propeller acting as rotor of an electric motor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
    • B63H2023/0208—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing by means of endless flexible members
    • B63H2023/0216—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing by means of endless flexible members by means of belts, or the like
    • B63H2023/0225—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing by means of endless flexible members by means of belts, or the like of grooved belts, i.e. with one or more grooves in longitudinal direction of the belt

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a jet drive for water and aircraft and circulation pumps, in which the fluid flowing into a jet pipe is accelerated against the intended direction of propulsion by a rotor designed as a screw, in which the outer edge of the screw is firmly connected to the inner jacket of the jet pipe. so that screw and jet pipe rotate together, in which the jet pipe is driven on its outer jacket, in which the jet pipe is mounted in a cladding tube or cladding tube housing and the like.
  • Such a jet drive is known from DE utility model 1 997 210.
  • a propulsion element arranged in the interior of the rotor designed as a jet pipe consists of a one-piece full screw which takes up its clear interior. This protrudes on both ends of the jet pipe and protrudes in the direction of advance into a fixed inlet connection and on the other side also into a fixed outlet connection provided with blades in the opposite direction.
  • the jet pipe is driven via a gear rim arranged in the middle.
  • a propeller is also known, the wing of which is penetrated or interrupted by a wing-like nozzle ring, in the latter case the inner wing parts should have a different pitch.
  • the wing-like design of the nozzle ring is intended to ensure that a strongly converging water flow to the propeller generates a negative pressure on its inner surface and an excess pressure on the outer surface in the sense of an additional thrust.
  • the nozzle In both types of execution, the nozzle must of course have the length of the projection of the wing width, as intended.
  • DE OS 33 43 605 already discloses a jet pipe with respect to one embodiment of the invention, which is designed to converge at the inlet and is narrowed to an annular space by a displacement body.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to avoid vortex losses and, if possible, to detect the entire inflowing amount of fluid in the sense of increasing the useful output, so that, as a rule, an empennage is also saved.
  • boat drives and a circulating pump can also be used on aircraft with a corresponding adjustment.
  • the subject of registration works as follows:
  • the fluid located in the jet pipe 11 is set in rotary motion by the edge worm 17 and strikes the fluid located in the free central passage with the still sucked-in fluid and also accelerates it in the direction of passage, as a result of which a strong driving force acting almost over the length of the jet pipe 11 by releasing part of the kinetic energy from the blades to the central flow.
  • the fluid on the front face is continuously drawn in without eddy formation.
  • the central flow compensates for the torque exerted on the overall arrangement, so that, in addition to the vortex-free inflow and avoidance of eddy formation at the exit, a propulsion force not previously achieved results.
  • An empennage at the output end of the jet pipe 11 is also generally saved in an advantageous manner.
  • jet pipes 11 of a jet drive 10 are each rotatably mounted in a cladding tube housing 12 on bearing rings 13.
  • the cladding tube housing 12 are formed in one piece with brackets 14.
  • the jet pipes 11 are driven by toothed belts 15, the teeth 15a of which mesh with a toothed ring 16 arranged on their outer jacket.
  • An edge worm 17 serves as the propulsion element, which is attached with its outer edge to the inner jacket of the jet pipe 11 and only covers an outer field of the interior of the jet pipe according to the sectional view II-II in FIG. 1a. The same arrangement is shown in FIG. 2.
  • FIG. 3 shows a drive pinion 19 of a motor indicated by its drive shaft 20 for the drive of the jet pipe 11 already described; 4, the pinion 19 meshes directly with the ring gear 16 of the jet pipe 11.
  • the jet pipe 11 is designed as a rotor of an electric motor and carries an armature winding 21 which is supplied with current via a collector 22. A magnetic winding 23 is indicated on the outside.
  • FIG. 6 shows a pressure medium drive with a feed line 24 and a return line 25 and the turbine 26.
  • the last two types of drive discussed are shown in greater detail in FIGS. 7 and 8 and, in particular, show the cladding tube housing 12 more clearly.
  • the magnetic winding 23 is accommodated in the recessed chamber 12a in the cladding tube housing 12; in such a chamber according to FIG. 8, the pressure medium acts on blades 28 on the jet pipe 11 via nozzles 27 that direct it.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates the arrangement of a jet engine 10 according to the invention in a boat 1.
  • an outlet pipe 29 protruding aft at the rear 1 b is held on a stand 2 arranged on the floor by means of a bracket 3 a surrounding the same.
  • Another tube 30 is held at the other end of the stand 2 with its end in a bracket 3b and connected to a water inlet opening 1c in the bilge 1a.
  • the drive shaft 20 of a motor 31 is mounted, the drive pinion 19 of which engages on the ring gear 16 of the jet pipe 11. It is obvious that instead of the drive pinion 19 a larger drive spur gear is used and around it e.g. can drive several jet pipes 11 in a pitch circle. This is indicated schematically in FIGS. 10 and 11 by toothed belts 15.
  • the drive shaft 20 of a boat 1 is inserted into a housing 10a which surrounds the jet engine 10 with the jet pipe 11 and gearbox.
  • FIG. 13 shows an outboard motor 34 which represents a motor 31 and the above-described jet engine 10 as a unit and which can be detached from the stern 1b of the boat 1 with a flange connection 34a.
  • the outboard motor 34 can also be designed to be pivotable about a rudder shaft.
  • the jet pipe 11 is constructed in principle as in Figure 7, with the difference that here Cladding tube housing 12 is designed as a fitting with flange connections 35 and thus serves as a circulation pump in a liquid circuit, for example in a hot water line. It is obvious that both the lubrication and the cooling are not as prophematic as in conventional circulation pumps and that a quiet and therefore less noisy run is ensured, as a result of which the jet drive according to the invention is particularly distinguished here.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

To increase the power output of jet drives, in particular for watercraft, the invention provides in principle for a rotationally driven jet tube (11) with a propulsion element which is arranged on its inner circumference, covers an outer annular area A, is connected at one margin to the inner circumference, consists of a marginal helix (17) and is provided with a continuous bore so that a portion of the fluid flowing into the jet tube is not directly accelerated by the marginal helix (17). In addition, propulsion elements such as screw propellers (18) can be provided on the outer circumference of the jet tube (11). Apart from aircraft, the subject matter of the invention can also be used as a circulating pump.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Strahlantrieb für Wasser-und Luftfahrzeuge sowie Umwälzpumpen, bei dem das in einem Strahlrohr einströmende Fluid durch einen als Schnecke ausgebildeten Rotor entgegen der beabsichtigten Vortriebsrichtung beschleunigt wird, bei dem der äußere Rand der Schnecke mit dem Innenmantel des Strahlrohres fest verbunden ist, so daß Schnecke und Strahlrohr gemeinsam rotieren, bei dem das Strahlrohr an seinem Außenmantel angetrieben wird, bei dem das Strahlrohr in einem Hüllrohr oder Hüllrohrgehäuse und dergleichen gelagert ist.The invention relates to a jet drive for water and aircraft and circulation pumps, in which the fluid flowing into a jet pipe is accelerated against the intended direction of propulsion by a rotor designed as a screw, in which the outer edge of the screw is firmly connected to the inner jacket of the jet pipe. so that screw and jet pipe rotate together, in which the jet pipe is driven on its outer jacket, in which the jet pipe is mounted in a cladding tube or cladding tube housing and the like.

Aus der DE Gebrauchsmusterschrift 1 997 210 ist ein derartiger Strahlantrieb bekannt. Bei diesem besteht ein im Innern des als Strahlrohr ausgebildeten Rotors angeordnetes Vortriebselement aus einer einstückigen, seinen lichten Innenraum einnehmenden Vollschnecke. Diese steht an beiden Stirnseiten des Strahlrohres vor und ragt in Vortriebsrichtung in einen feststehenden Eingangsstutzen und an der anderen Seite ebenfalls in einen eine entgegengesetzte Gangrichtung aufweisenden mit Schaufeln versehenen feststehenden Ausgangsstutzen. Das Strahlrohr wird über einen in seiner Mitte angeordneten Zahnkranz angetrieben.
Da bei einer derartigen Schnecke infolge der Drehung auf das durchströmende Wasser in Achsnähe eine nach außen und außen eine nach innen gerichtete Kraft erzeugt wird; wird die gesamte Wassermenge in eine kreiselnde Bewegung versetzt, was austrittseitige Wirbelverluste verursacht, die auch durch das anschließende Leitwerk nur zum Teil in einem begrenzten Drehzahlbereich kompensiert werden können. Durch die starke Wirbelbildung -die auch die in den Einlaßstutzen hineinragenden Schaufeln erzeugen, wird hier außerdem der hydraulische Durchströmquerschnitt verengt, sodaß nur eine Teilmenge des anströmenden Mediums erfaßt wird und somit die aus dem Produkt Masse mal Beschleunigung resultierende Leistungsausbeute dementsprechend gering ist.Such a jet drive is known from DE utility model 1 997 210. In this case, a propulsion element arranged in the interior of the rotor designed as a jet pipe consists of a one-piece full screw which takes up its clear interior. This protrudes on both ends of the jet pipe and protrudes in the direction of advance into a fixed inlet connection and on the other side also into a fixed outlet connection provided with blades in the opposite direction. The jet pipe is driven via a gear rim arranged in the middle.
Because with such a screw due to the rotation the water flowing through near the axis generates an outward and outward force; the entire amount of water is set in a circular motion, which causes vortex losses on the outlet side, which can also only be partially compensated for in a limited speed range by the subsequent tail unit. Due to the strong vortex formation - which also produce the blades protruding into the inlet connection - the hydraulic flow cross-section is also narrowed here, so that only a part of the inflowing medium is detected and the power yield resulting from the product mass times acceleration is accordingly low.

Aus der DE-PS 860 154 ist ferner ein Propeller bekannt, dessen Flügel von einem tragflügelartigen Düsenring durchdrungen ader unterbrochen ist, wobei im letzten Fall die inneren Flügelteile eine verschiedene Steigung haben sollen. Durch die tragflügelartige Ausbildung des Düsenringes soll erreicht werden, daß ein stark konvergierender Wasserstrom zum Propeller auf seiner Innnenfläche einen Unterdruck und auf seiner Außenfläche ein überdruck im Sinne eines zusätzlichen Schubs erzeugt. Bei beiden Ausführugsarten muß natürlich - wie vorgesehen - die Düse etwa die Länge der Projektion der Flügelbreite haben.From DE-PS 860 154 a propeller is also known, the wing of which is penetrated or interrupted by a wing-like nozzle ring, in the latter case the inner wing parts should have a different pitch. The wing-like design of the nozzle ring is intended to ensure that a strongly converging water flow to the propeller generates a negative pressure on its inner surface and an excess pressure on the outer surface in the sense of an additional thrust. In both types of execution, the nozzle must of course have the length of the projection of the wing width, as intended.

In der DE OS 33 43 605 ist bezüglich einer Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bereits ein Strahlrohr offenbart, das am Einlauf konvergierend ausgeführt und durch einen Verdrängungskörper zu einem Ringraum verengt ist.DE OS 33 43 605 already discloses a jet pipe with respect to one embodiment of the invention, which is designed to converge at the inlet and is narrowed to an annular space by a displacement body.

Im Hinblick auf eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist aus der DE OS 37 18 954 bereits bei einer Propeller-Anordnung bekannt, den Außenring eines Propellers als Rotor auszubilden, dem in dem Gehäuse ein den Außenring des Propellers umgebender und mit diesem zusammenwirkender Stator zugeordnet ist.With regard to a further embodiment of the invention, it is already known from DE OS 37 18 954, with a propeller arrangement, to design the outer ring of a propeller as a rotor, which in the housing surrounds and cooperates with the outer ring of the propeller Stator is assigned.

Desweiteren ist in dem DE-Buch: Richard Geissler. Der Schraubenpropeller, Dissertation, Julius Springer, Berlin 1918, Seite 18, ein Schraubenpropeller erwähnt, dessen Flügel aus eine halbe Gangwindung aufweisende in sich verwundene an ihren Enden mittels in einer Ebene an Naben einer Antriebswelle befestigten Stegen einer Antriebsachse einander gegenüber gehaltenen Bändern bestehen; die mit ihrem Mittelteil an einer weiteren Nabe gehalten sind. Das hierbei parallel zur Antriebsachse strömende Fluid wird durch die kreiselnden Stege in einer energierverzehrenden Weise verwirbelt, sodaß die Leistungsausbeute äußerst gering ist.Furthermore, in the DE book: Richard Geissler. The screw propeller, doctoral thesis, Julius Springer, Berlin 1918, page 18, mentions a screw propeller whose wings consist of half-aisle twisted, twisted ends at their ends by means of webs of a drive axle fastened in a plane to the hubs of a drive shaft; which are held on their hub with another hub. The fluid flowing parallel to the drive axis is swirled by the rotating webs in an energy-consuming manner, so that the power yield is extremely low.

Die Aufgabe der Erfindung besteht demzufolge darin, Wirbelverluste zu vermeiden und möglichst die gesamte anströmende Fluidmenge im Sinne einer Erhöhung der Nutzleistung zu erfaßen, so daß in der Regel auch ein Leitwerk eingespart wird.The object of the invention is therefore to avoid vortex losses and, if possible, to detect the entire inflowing amount of fluid in the sense of increasing the useful output, so that, as a rule, an empennage is also saved.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Strahltriebwerk gemäß den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Patentanspruches 1 und im besonderen Maße durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale der Patentansprüche 1 und 2 gelöst.This object is achieved by a jet engine in accordance with the characterizing features of patent claim 1 and, in particular, by the characterizing features of patent claims 1 and 2.

Neben der Erhöhung des Gesamtschubs und dem zusätzlichen Vortrieb durch Vortriebselemente an dem Außenmantel des Strahlrohres weist der Erfindungsgegenstand eine Reihe weiterer Vorteile auf. Zusätzlich zu den sich aus der Beschreibung ergebenden sich diese:

  • geringerer Energieverbrauch durch größere Leistungsausbeute
  • geringere Triebwerkabmessungen,
  • geringeres Triebwerkgewicht,
  • geräuschärmere Arbeitsweise durch weitgehende Vermeidung von Wirbeln,
  • längere Lebensdauer durch Vermeidung von Kavitation,
  • höhere Betriebssicherheit und einfachere Wartung.
In addition to increasing the overall thrust and the additional propulsion by means of propulsion elements on the outer jacket of the jet pipe, the subject of the invention has a number of further advantages. In addition to those resulting from the description, these include:
  • lower energy consumption due to greater power output
  • smaller engine dimensions,
  • lower engine weight,
  • quieter operation by largely avoiding eddies,
  • longer life by avoiding cavitation,
  • higher operational safety and easier maintenance.

In der Ausbildung des Erfindungsgegenstandes gemäß den Patentansprüchen 1 und 2 kann die pro Zeiteinheit erfaßte Fluidmenge wesentlich erhöht werden, was auch für Luftschrauben neue Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten aufzeigt.In the formation of the subject matter of the invention according to claims 1 and 2, the amount of fluid detected per unit of time can be increased significantly, which also shows new design options for propellers.

In den Patentansprüchen 3 - 13 sind weitere vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen des Erfindungsgegenstandes aufgeführt. Diese sollen nur in Verbindung mit den Ansprüchen 1 oder 1 und 2 Schutz genießen.Further advantageous refinements of the subject matter of the invention are listed in patent claims 3-13. These should only enjoy protection in connection with claims 1 or 1 and 2.

ZeichnungsbeschreibungDrawing description

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung lediglich an Hand von Bootsvortrieben und einer Umwälzpumpe beispielweise näher erläutert. Die Bootsvortriebe sind in entsprechender Anpassung auch bei Luftfahrzeugen verwendbar.In the following, the invention is only explained in more detail, for example, using boat drives and a circulating pump. The boat drives can also be used on aircraft with a corresponding adjustment.

Es zeigt

  • Figur 1 ein Strahlrohr mit einer Randschnecke (Schnittschema II-II in Figur 1a ist das überstreichfeld),
  • Figur 2 ein Strahlrohr mit einer Randschnecke und einem am Außenmantel angeordneten Schraubenpropeller (Schnittschema III-III in Figur 2a ist das überstreichfeld),
  • Figuren 3 bis 6 Antriebsbeispiele der Strahlrohre,
  • Figuren 7 und 8 Beispiele einer Lagerung der Strahlrohre in Hüllgehäusen,
  • Figur 9 ein in ein Boot eingebautes Strahltriebwerk,
  • Figur 10 eine schematische Heckansicht von unterhalb des Bodens eines Bootes angeordneten Strahlrohren,
  • Figur 11 ein perspektivisch veranschaulichtes Schema des Zentralantriebs der Strahlrohre gemäß Fig. 10,
  • Figur 12 ein Boot mit einem achtern angeordneten Strahltriebwerk,
  • Figur 13 ein Boot mit einem Außenbordmotor gemäß der Erfindung
    und
  • Figur 14 eine erfindungsgemäße Umwälzpumpe mit Anschlußflanschen.
It shows
  • FIG. 1 shows a jet pipe with an edge screw (section diagram II-II in FIG. 1a is the sweeping field),
  • FIG. 2 shows a jet pipe with an edge screw and a screw propeller arranged on the outer casing (section diagram III-III in FIG. 2a is the swept-over field),
  • FIGS. 3 to 6 drive examples of the jet pipes,
  • FIGS. 7 and 8 examples of a mounting of the jet pipes in cladding housings,
  • FIG. 9 shows a jet engine installed in a boat,
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic stern view of jet pipes arranged below the bottom of a boat,
  • FIG. 11 shows a perspective diagram of the central drive of the jet pipes according to FIG. 10,
  • FIG. 12 shows a boat with a jet engine arranged aft,
  • Figure 13 shows a boat with an outboard motor according to the invention
    and
  • Figure 14 shows a circulation pump according to the invention with connecting flanges.

Der Anmeldungsgegenstand funktioniert wie folgt:
Das in dem Strahlrohr 11 befindliche Fluid wird durch die Randschnecke 17 in Drehbewegung gesetzt und trifft mit dem weiterhin angesaugten Fluid auf das in dem freien zentralen Durchgang befindliche Fluid und beschleunigt auch dieses in Durchlaufrichtung, wodurch eine starke nahezu über die Länge des Strahlrohres 11 wirkende Vortriebskraft durch Abgabe eines Teiles der kinetischen Energie von den Schaufeln an die zentrale Strömung entsteht. Dabei wird das an der vorderen Stirnseite befindliche Fluid ohne Wirbelbildung laufend angesaugt. Im Prinzip kompensiert die zentrale Strömung das auf die Gesamtanordnung ausgeübte Drehmoment, sodaß neben dem wirbelfreien Zustrom und Vermeidung einer Wirbelbildung am Ausgang eine bisher nicht erreichte Vortriebskraft resultiert.
Ein Leitwerk am abtriebsseitigen Ende des Strahlrohres 11 wird überdies in der Regel in vorteilhafter Weise eingespart.The subject of registration works as follows:
The fluid located in the jet pipe 11 is set in rotary motion by the edge worm 17 and strikes the fluid located in the free central passage with the still sucked-in fluid and also accelerates it in the direction of passage, as a result of which a strong driving force acting almost over the length of the jet pipe 11 by releasing part of the kinetic energy from the blades to the central flow. The fluid on the front face is continuously drawn in without eddy formation. In principle, the central flow compensates for the torque exerted on the overall arrangement, so that, in addition to the vortex-free inflow and avoidance of eddy formation at the exit, a propulsion force not previously achieved results.
An empennage at the output end of the jet pipe 11 is also generally saved in an advantageous manner.

In den Figuren 1 und 2 sind Strahlrohre 11 eines erfindungsgemäßen Strahlantriebs 10 jeweils in einem Hüllrohrgehäuse 12 an Lagerringen 13 drehbar gelagert. Die Hüllrohrgehäuse 12 sind einstückig mit Auslegern 14 ausgebildet. Angetrieben sind die Strahlrohre 11 durch Zahnriemen 15, deren Zähne 15a mit einem an ihrem Außenmantel angeordneten Zahnkranz 16 kämmen. Als Vortriebselement dient eine Randschnecke 17, die mit ihrem äußeren Rand an dem Innenmantel des Strahlrohres 11 befestigt ist und gemäß dem Schnittbild II-II in Figur 1a lediglich ein äußeres Feld des Strahlrohrinnenraumes überstreicht. Die gleiche Anordnung zeigt Figur 2. Hierbei steht jedoch das Strahlrohr 11 an der rechten Seite an dem Hüllrohrgehäuse 12 hervor und trägt an seinem Außenmantel einen Schraubenpropeller 18. Dieser überstreicht, wie an dem Schnittbild III-III in Figur 2a veranschaulicht, zusätzlich ein äußeres Feld.
In Figur 3 ist zu dem schon zuvor beschriebenen Antrieb des Strahlrohres 11 ein Antriebsritzel 19 eines durch seine Antriebswelle 20 angedeuteten Motors ersichtlich; in Figur 4 kämmt das Ritzel 19 direkt mit dem Zahnkranz 16 des Strahlrohres 11. Nach Figur 5 ist das Strahlrohr 11 als Rotor eines Elektromotors ausgebildet und trägt eine Ankerwicklung 21, die über einen Kollektor 22 mit Strom versorgt wird. Außen angedeutet ist eine Magnetwicklung 23. In Figur 6 ist ein Druckmittelantrieb mit einer Zuleitung 24 und einer Rückleitung 25 und der Turbine 26 angedeutet. Die beiden zuletzt besprochenen Antriebsarten sind in den Figuren 7 und 8 ausführlicher dargestellt und zeigen vor allem die Hüllrohrgehäuse 12 deutlicher. Gemäß Figur 7 ist in dem Hüllrohrgehäuse 12 die Magnetwicklung 23 in einer eingelassenen Kammer 12a untergebracht, in einer solchen gemäß Figur 8 wirkt das Druckmittel auf Schaufeln 28 an dem Strahlrohr 11 über es lenkende Düsen 27.In FIGS. 1 and 2, jet pipes 11 of a jet drive 10 according to the invention are each rotatably mounted in a cladding tube housing 12 on bearing rings 13. The cladding tube housing 12 are formed in one piece with brackets 14. The jet pipes 11 are driven by toothed belts 15, the teeth 15a of which mesh with a toothed ring 16 arranged on their outer jacket. An edge worm 17 serves as the propulsion element, which is attached with its outer edge to the inner jacket of the jet pipe 11 and only covers an outer field of the interior of the jet pipe according to the sectional view II-II in FIG. 1a. The same arrangement is shown in FIG. 2. Here, however, the jet pipe 11 protrudes from the cladding tube housing 12 on the right-hand side and carries a screw propeller 18 on its outer jacket, which, as illustrated by the sectional view III-III in FIG. 2a, additionally sweeps over an external field .
FIG. 3 shows a drive pinion 19 of a motor indicated by its drive shaft 20 for the drive of the jet pipe 11 already described; 4, the pinion 19 meshes directly with the ring gear 16 of the jet pipe 11. According to FIG. 5, the jet pipe 11 is designed as a rotor of an electric motor and carries an armature winding 21 which is supplied with current via a collector 22. A magnetic winding 23 is indicated on the outside. FIG. 6 shows a pressure medium drive with a feed line 24 and a return line 25 and the turbine 26. The last two types of drive discussed are shown in greater detail in FIGS. 7 and 8 and, in particular, show the cladding tube housing 12 more clearly. According to FIG. 7, the magnetic winding 23 is accommodated in the recessed chamber 12a in the cladding tube housing 12; in such a chamber according to FIG. 8, the pressure medium acts on blades 28 on the jet pipe 11 via nozzles 27 that direct it.

In Figur 9 ist die Anordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Strahltriebwerks 10 bei einem Boot 1 veranschaulicht. In seinem Kielraum 1a ist auf einem am Boden angordneten Ständer 2 ein am Heck 1b achtern hinausragendes Auslaufrohr 29 mittels einer dieses umgreifenden Konsole 3a desselben gehalten. Ein weiteres Rohr 30 ist an dem anderen Ende des Ständers 2 mit seinem Ende in einer Konsole 3b gehalten und an eine Wasserzutrittsöffnung 1c im Kielraum 1a angeschlossen. Das in zwei mit dem Ständer 2 verbundenen Lagerringen 13 drehbar gelagerte Strahlrohr 11 ragt mit seinen beiden Enden in die Rohre 29 und 30 und ist in diese mit nicht dargestellten schleifenden Dichtungen eingefügt Wie zu sehen, mündet das Rohr 29 in eine Schubdüse 32, vor deren Mündung zur Umkehr der Vortriebsrichtung ein Umlenkblech 33 zu schwenken ist. Oben an den Konsolen 3 ist die Antriebswelle 20 eines Motors 31 gelagert, deren Antriebsritzel 19 an dem Zahnkranz 16 des Strahlrohres 11 angreift. Einleuchtend ist, daß man anstelle des Antriebsritzels 19 ein größeres Antriebsstirnrad verwenden und um dieses herum z.B. in einem Teilkreis mehrere Strahlrohre 11 antreiben kann. Dieses ist in den Figuren 10 und 11 schematisch durch Zahnriemen 15, angedeutet.FIG. 9 illustrates the arrangement of a jet engine 10 according to the invention in a boat 1. In its bilge 1 a, an outlet pipe 29 protruding aft at the rear 1 b is held on a stand 2 arranged on the floor by means of a bracket 3 a surrounding the same. Another tube 30 is held at the other end of the stand 2 with its end in a bracket 3b and connected to a water inlet opening 1c in the bilge 1a. The jet pipe 11, which is rotatably mounted in two bearing rings 13 connected to the stator 2, protrudes with its two ends into the pipes 29 and 30 and is inserted into them with sliding seals (not shown) Mouth for reversing the direction of advance a pivot plate 33 is to be pivoted. At the top of the brackets 3, the drive shaft 20 of a motor 31 is mounted, the drive pinion 19 of which engages on the ring gear 16 of the jet pipe 11. It is obvious that instead of the drive pinion 19 a larger drive spur gear is used and around it e.g. can drive several jet pipes 11 in a pitch circle. This is indicated schematically in FIGS. 10 and 11 by toothed belts 15.

In Figur 12 ist die Antriebswelle 20 eines Bootes 1 in ein das Strahltriebwerk 10 mit dem Strahlrohr 11 und Getriebe umhüllendes Gehäuse 10a eingeführt.In FIG. 12, the drive shaft 20 of a boat 1 is inserted into a housing 10a which surrounds the jet engine 10 with the jet pipe 11 and gearbox.

In Figur 13 schließlich ist ein einen Motor 31 und das vorbeschriebene Strahltriebwerk 10 als Einheit darstellender Außenbordmotor 34 zu sehen, der mit einem Flanschanschluß 34a vom Heck 1b des Bootes 1 lösbar ist. Natürlich kann der Außenbordmotor 34 auch um eine Ruderwelle schwenkbar ausgebildet werden.Finally, FIG. 13 shows an outboard motor 34 which represents a motor 31 and the above-described jet engine 10 as a unit and which can be detached from the stern 1b of the boat 1 with a flange connection 34a. Of course, the outboard motor 34 can also be designed to be pivotable about a rudder shaft.

Gemäß Figur 14 ist das Strahlrohr 11 im Prinzip wie in Figur 7 aufgebaut, mit dem Unterschied, daß hier das Hüllrohrgehäuse 12 als Armatur mit Flanschanschlüssen 35 ausgebildet ist und so als Umwälzpumpe in einem Flüssigkeitskreislauf z.B. in einer Heißwasserleitung dient. Es ist einleuchtend, daß hierbei sowohl die Schmierung als auch Kühlung nicht so proplematisch ist wie bei herkömmlichen Umwälzpumpen und auch ein ruhiger und daher geräuschärmerer Lauf gewährleistet ist, wodurch sich der erfindungsgemäße Strahltrieb hier besonders auszeichnet.According to Figure 14, the jet pipe 11 is constructed in principle as in Figure 7, with the difference that here Cladding tube housing 12 is designed as a fitting with flange connections 35 and thus serves as a circulation pump in a liquid circuit, for example in a hot water line. It is obvious that both the lubrication and the cooling are not as prophematic as in conventional circulation pumps and that a quiet and therefore less noisy run is ensured, as a result of which the jet drive according to the invention is particularly distinguished here.

Claims (13)

Strahlantrieb für Wasser- und Luftfahrzeuge, bei dem das in ein Strahlrohr (11) einströmende Fluid durch einen als Schnecke (17) ausgebildeten Rotor entgegen der beabsichtigten Vortriebsrichtung beschleunigt wird, bei dem der äußere Rand der Schnecke (17) mit dem Innenmantel des Strahlrohres (11) fest verbunden ist, so daß Schnecke (17) und Strahlrohr (11) gemeinsam rotieren, bei dem das Strahlrohr (11) an seinem Außenmantel angetrieben wird, bei dem das Strahlrohr (11) in einem Hüllrohr oder Hüllrohrgehäuse (12) und dergleichen gelagert ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schnecke (17) mit einer durchgehenden Bohrung versehen ist - Randschnecke (17) -, so daß ein Teil des in das Strahlrohr (11) einströmenden Fluids nicht direkt von dieser Randschnecke (17) beschleunigt wird.Jet drive for water and aircraft, in which the fluid flowing into a jet pipe (11) is accelerated by a rotor designed as a screw (17) against the intended direction of propulsion, in which the outer edge of the screw (17) with the inner jacket of the jet pipe ( 11) is firmly connected, so that the screw (17) and jet pipe (11) rotate together, in which the jet pipe (11) is driven on its outer jacket, in which the jet pipe (11) in a cladding tube or cladding tube housing (12) and the like is supported, characterized in that the worm (17) is provided with a continuous bore - edge worm (17) - so that part of the fluid flowing into the jet pipe (11) is not directly accelerated by this edge worm (17). Strahlantrieb nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß am Außenmantel des Strahlrohres (11) als zusätzliches Vortriebselement wenigstens ein Schraubenpropeller (18) angeordnet istJet drive according to Claim 1, characterized in that at least one screw propeller (18) is arranged on the outer casing of the jet pipe (11) as an additional propulsion element Strahlantrieb nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strahlrohr (11) vom Einlauf (11b) bis zum Auslauf (11a) oder in Teilabschnitten davon konvergierend ist.Jet drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the jet pipe (11) is converging from the inlet (11b) to the outlet (11a) or in sections thereof. Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslauf (11a) und gegebenenfalls auch der Einlauf (11b) des Strahlrohres (11) frei von Vortriebselementen (17) ist.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outlet (11a) and possibly also the inlet (11b) of the jet pipe (11) are free of propulsion elements (17). Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auslauf (11a) des Strahlrohres (11) als Schubdüse (32) ausgebildet ist.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the outlet (11a) of the jet pipe (11) is designed as a thrust nozzle (32). Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wandungsdicke der Schnecke (17) nach dem Auslauf (11a) zunimmt.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the wall thickness of the screw (17) increases after the outlet (11a). Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Form, Abmessung und Steigung bzw. Steigungswinkel der Schnecke (17) im Sinne einer Vergrößerung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit unterschiedlich sind.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the shape, dimensions and pitch or pitch angle of the screw (17) are different in the sense of increasing the flow velocity. Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das Hüllrohrgehäuse (12) im Bereich der Lager (13) den Wasserzutritt ermöglichende Öffnungen (12a) aufweist.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cladding tube housing (12) in the region of the bearings (13) has openings (12a) which allow water access. Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hüllrohrgehäüse (12) an einem Ständer (2) oder an einem Auslegergehäuse (14) befestigt ist.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the cladding tube housing (12) is fastened to a stand (2) or to a boom housing (14). Strahlantrieb nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Hüllrohrgehäuse (12) mit dem Auslegergehäuse (14) einstückig aufgeführt ist.Jet drive according to claim 9, characterized in that the cladding tube housing (12) with the boom housing (14) is listed in one piece. Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Strahlrohr (11) zwischen den Lagern (13) als Antriebsglied wie z.B. Zahnkranz (16), Anker (21) oder Schaufeln (28) ausgebildet ist.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the jet pipe (11) between the bearings (13) as a drive member such as e.g. Gear ring (16), armature (21) or blades (28) is formed. Strahlantrieb nach mindestens einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Antriebsglied (16,21,18) an entsprechendes Antriebselement wie Zahnriemen (15, Antriebsritzel (19), Magnetwicklung (23) oder Turbine (26)) samt Düsen (27) mit Zu- und Rückleitung (24,25) zugeordnet ist und dieses in das Hüllrohrgehäuse (12) und/oder das Auslegergehäuse (14) eingebaut ist.Jet drive according to at least one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the drive member (16, 21, 18) is connected to a corresponding drive element such as a toothed belt (15, drive pinion (19), magnetic winding (23) or turbine (26)) together with nozzles (27 ) with feed and Return line (24, 25) is assigned and this is installed in the cladding tube housing (12) and / or the boom housing (14). Strahlantrieb nach einem der Ansprüche 1 und mindestens 3 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß diser als Umwälzpumpe verwendet wird, wobei z.B. zusätzlich am Hüllrohrgehäuse (12) beidseitige Flanschanschlüsse (35) in Falszsitzen (12aa) für das Strahlrohr (11) vorgesehen sind und dieses an seinem Umfang einen Anker (21) trägt, der mit einem Spalt von einer im Hüllrohrgehäuse (12) angeordneten Magnetwicklung (23) umgeben ist.Jet drive according to one of claims 1 and at least 3 to 8, characterized in that it is used as a circulation pump, e.g. In addition, on the cladding tube housing (12), flange connections (35) on both sides in recessed seats (12aa) are provided for the jet tube (11) and this has an armature (21) on its circumference, which has a gap with a magnetic winding (12) arranged in the cladding tube housing (12). 23) is surrounded.
EP19900118422 1990-02-06 1990-09-26 Jet drive for ships and airplanes and also pumps Expired - Lifetime EP0452538B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19900118422 EP0452538B1 (en) 1990-02-06 1990-09-26 Jet drive for ships and airplanes and also pumps

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP90102293 1990-02-06
EP90102293 1990-02-06
EP19900118422 EP0452538B1 (en) 1990-02-06 1990-09-26 Jet drive for ships and airplanes and also pumps

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EP0452538A1 true EP0452538A1 (en) 1991-10-23
EP0452538B1 EP0452538B1 (en) 1994-12-21

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0657348A1 (en) * 1993-12-09 1995-06-14 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Water jet propulsor
WO1998048167A3 (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-02-11 Centriflow Llc Mechanism for providing motive force and for pumping applications
US6068454A (en) * 1998-04-06 2000-05-30 Ford Motor Company Fuel pump with helical impeller
DE10044101A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-04-04 Schottel Gmbh & Co Kg Drive for fast watercraft
WO2010063254A3 (en) * 2008-12-05 2011-12-29 Schottel Gmbh Ship propulsion system having a pump jet

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH688105A5 (en) * 1993-02-03 1997-05-15 Jose Murga Together pump or turbine and axial flux electrical machine.
US5951262A (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-09-14 Centriflow Llc Mechanism for providing motive force and for pumping applications
DE10002655A1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2001-07-26 Lothar Bieschewski Motorized ship's propulsion has a shaft with a detachable lid lying above the water level
DE10002657A1 (en) * 2000-01-21 2001-07-26 Lothar Bieschewski Electric motor

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US1387416A (en) * 1921-03-07 1921-08-09 John M Lemieux Propeller
DE806766C (en) * 1948-10-02 1951-06-18 Luebbe Schnitger Duesen propeller
US2656809A (en) * 1951-06-25 1953-10-27 James W Frasure Combination rudder and propulsion device
US2997015A (en) * 1960-07-25 1961-08-22 Harvey E Richter Marine propulsion device
US3482402A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-12-09 Herbert A Anthoney Sr Fluid propulsion system
BE901181A (en) * 1984-11-30 1985-03-15 Bulatov Georges Helical impeller-pump - has series of blades within rotor of electric motor
DE3508203A1 (en) * 1985-03-08 1986-09-11 Rudolf Dr. 6800 Mannheim Wieser Marine propulsion
CH673445A5 (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-03-15 Sicommerce Ag Medium-delivery mechanism - comprises hub-less blade ring with external drive and inside annular housing

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1387416A (en) * 1921-03-07 1921-08-09 John M Lemieux Propeller
DE806766C (en) * 1948-10-02 1951-06-18 Luebbe Schnitger Duesen propeller
US2656809A (en) * 1951-06-25 1953-10-27 James W Frasure Combination rudder and propulsion device
US2997015A (en) * 1960-07-25 1961-08-22 Harvey E Richter Marine propulsion device
US3482402A (en) * 1967-07-31 1969-12-09 Herbert A Anthoney Sr Fluid propulsion system
BE901181A (en) * 1984-11-30 1985-03-15 Bulatov Georges Helical impeller-pump - has series of blades within rotor of electric motor
DE3508203A1 (en) * 1985-03-08 1986-09-11 Rudolf Dr. 6800 Mannheim Wieser Marine propulsion
CH673445A5 (en) * 1987-09-21 1990-03-15 Sicommerce Ag Medium-delivery mechanism - comprises hub-less blade ring with external drive and inside annular housing

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0657348A1 (en) * 1993-12-09 1995-06-14 Westinghouse Electric Corporation Water jet propulsor
WO1998048167A3 (en) * 1997-04-18 1999-02-11 Centriflow Llc Mechanism for providing motive force and for pumping applications
US6068454A (en) * 1998-04-06 2000-05-30 Ford Motor Company Fuel pump with helical impeller
DE10044101A1 (en) * 2000-09-07 2002-04-04 Schottel Gmbh & Co Kg Drive for fast watercraft
WO2010063254A3 (en) * 2008-12-05 2011-12-29 Schottel Gmbh Ship propulsion system having a pump jet

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