EP2948366B1 - Ship propulsion arrangement - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a ship with a drive. The drive comprises an engine and a propulsion device. The Propulsionsorgan consists of three main components: rotor, stator, nozzle. The nozzle encloses the rotor and the stator, which follows in the flow direction. Due to the delay characteristic of the nozzle in the area of the rotor, the pressure level is raised and thus enables a higher power density while avoiding cavitation. The subsequent connection of the stator leads to a Entdrallung the flow and thus to increase the generated thrust at the same input power.

As a prime mover is any type of engine into consideration, such as a diesel engine or a gas turbine and an electric motor.

The drive is intended for fast ships with a maximum speed in the range of 25 to 40 knots, such as mega-yachts or patrol boats. In this area, conventional screw propellers are subject to efficiency losses due to cavitation. Water jets also show low efficiencies in this area, as they have high inlet channel losses.

WO 2012/052155 A1 describes a ship with a drive comprising an engine and a Propulsionsorgan consisting of three main components: rotor, stator, nozzle. The nozzle encloses the rotor and the stator, which follows in the flow direction, further comprises a shaft which carries the rotor and is connected to this rotationally and shear-resistant. The nozzle body is divided into a front and a rear nozzle part.

The seen in the direction of travel front nozzle part is attached to the hull. The rear nozzle part seen in the direction of travel is releasably attached to the hull.

• Stator, Statornabe mit integrierten Lager und der einteilige Düsenkörper bilden eine einzige vormontierte Baueinheit;
• Die Baueinheit ist mittelbar oder unmittelbar am Heck montierbar und demontierbar;
• Die Welle ist relativ zur Baueinheit in Richtung der Längsachse der Welle verfahrbar.

Die Erfindung ist anhand der Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Darin ist im Einzelnen folgendes dargestellt:

Figur 1

zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch den Rumpf eines Schiffes.

Figur 2

zeigt einen Längsschnitt durch den Heckbereich des Schiffes.

Figur 3

zeigt eine Heckansicht des Schiffes.

Both during initial assembly of the ship's shaft with the rotor sitting thereon and during maintenance and commissioning, the rear nozzle part must be pushed together with the bearing supported by this from the rear to the shaft. Here, the stator (stator blades) and stator hub stator must be placed in a position that the located in the stator hub stator bearing is aligned with the shaft. This is an elaborate, difficult and time-consuming maneuver. Such a design with a detachable, outlet blades bearing and removable from a nozzle ring is further from the EP 1,878,656 or the GB 1,131,611 previously known. The invention has for its object to design a ship according to the preamble of claim 1 such that assembly and disassembly of shaft and stator can be performed quickly and easily. This object is solved by the features of claim 1. Thus, the following is provided:

• Stator, stator hub with integrated bearings and the one-piece nozzle body form a single preassembled unit;
• The unit is directly or indirectly mounted and dismountable at the rear;
• The shaft is movable relative to the assembly in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft.

The invention is explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. The following is shown in detail:

FIG. 1

shows a longitudinal section through the hull of a ship.

FIG. 2

shows a longitudinal section through the stern of the ship.

FIG. 3

shows a rear view of the ship.

Out FIG. 1 one recognizes the basic structure of a ship. When viewed in the direction of travel rear bow area a prime mover 1 is arranged, which is designed in the present case as a diesel engine with downstream gearbox 1.1. The prime mover 1 can be arranged in the stern area or in the bow area of the ship or in the middle of the ship. As a prime mover, a gas turbine or an electric motor can be used as well. Other drives are conceivable. With the gear 1.1 is a shaft 2 in drive connection, so that torque from the engine 1 to the shaft 2 is transferable. In this case, the shaft 2 may consist of several individual waves which are in driving connection with each other via couplings. Likewise, braking devices or additional gear or devices for speed and / or torque conversion between these waves can be provided. The predominantly horizontal shaft 2 breaks through the ship's skin and emerges from the hull, so that it runs under water in the rear. In this case, the shaft 2 may already be mounted behind the exit area. Such an additional support is a bearing 3, namely a so-called stern tube bearing 3. The stern tube bearing 3 is firmly connected to the hull.

In the rear area is a rotor 5, which is rotatably and shear-resistant connected to the shaft 2. As seen in the direction of travel behind the rotor 5 is a stator 6. This includes a number of vanes 6.1 and a stator hub 6.2. Rotor 5 and stator 6 are enclosed by a nozzle body 7. This one piece. It is firmly connected to the stator via its guide vanes 6.1. In the upper region of the nozzle body 7 is a console 6.3. This is on the one hand firmly connected to the nozzle body 7, and on the other hand, it is firmly connected to the stern of the ship and indeed in a detachable manner. See the screws 6.4

The following components together form a fixed assembly in the assembled state: the stator 6 with its guide vanes 6.1, the stator bearing 6.2, the nozzle body 7 and the console 6.3. This unit can be pre-assembled and mounted in the assembled state at the rear.

In addition, the shaft 2 and the unit can be joined together and separated from each other. This can be realized in that the assembly is fixed, for example, is already mounted at the rear, and that the shaft is displaceable in the direction of its longitudinal axis to the bow. The shaft is slidable, so the assembly can first be mounted at the rear, by mounting the console 6.3.

The design according to the invention is particularly advantageous during assembly, since the assembly can be aligned by means of fewer screws 6.4 at the rear. This ensures that all bearing points of the shaft 2 are aligned. If the assembly is positioned, then the gap between console 6.3 and rear can be potted with a hardening liquid. After curing, the remaining screws are clamped and the assembly is mounted and aligned.

The shaft 2 is mounted in the region of the drive machine 1 by a thrust bearing 8.

FIG. 2 shows the stern of the ship. It can be seen again the shaft 2. Their discharging free end 2.1 is taken from the bearing bush 6.5 of the stator hub 6.2. The outer edges 5.1 of the rotor 5 are located close to the inner surface of the nozzle body 7. The vanes 6.1 are firmly connected to the inner wall of the nozzle body 7.

Assembly and disassembly of the rotor can proceed as follows:
By moving the shaft 2 in the direction of the bow, the rotor is positioned outside the nozzle. In this position, it is held in the vertical direction. By means of a corresponding device, the rotational and shear-resistant connection of the rotor 5 and shaft 2 is released. The shaft can now be moved further towards the bow and the rotor can be removed in the vertical direction.
The assembly is carried out opposite to the described procedure.

The stator hub 6.2 has a bearing bush 6.5 made of suitable material. Between the bearing bush 6.5 and the mantled surface of the shaft end 2.4 there is a bearing gap, not shown here.

Due to the arrangement according to the invention, an extremely advantageous lubrication process takes place, which proceeds as follows: Rotor 5 generates a water flow in a known manner. The water flow which flows over the gap between the rotor 5 and the stator hub 6.2 induces a negative pressure. This negative pressure in turn generates a flow through the bearing gap in the opposite direction (internal flow) in the direction of travel. This achieves perfect lubrication and cooling.

Ships are classically operated with one to four propulsion organs.

Reference number list

1

prime mover

1.1

transmission

2

wave

2.1

free shaft end

3

Stern tube bearings

5

rotor

6

stator

6.1

vane

6.2

stator

6.3

console

6.4

screw

6.5

bearing bush

7

nozzle body

8th

thrust bearing

Claims (3)

1. Ship, comprising the following features or components:

   1.1 a ship's hull, comprising a bow and a stern;

   1.2 a rotor (5) which is arranged in the stern region;

   1.3 a stator (6) which is assigned to the rotor (5), comprising a number of guide blades (6.1);

   1.4 a single-piece nozzle body (7);

   1.5 the nozzle body (7) encloses the rotor (5) and the stator (6);

   1.6 a propulsion machine (1) which is arranged in the bow region;

   1.7 a shaft (2) for the transmission of torque from the propulsion machine (1) to the rotor (5);

   1.8 the shaft (2) is mounted in a bearing bush (6.5) which is arranged in a stator hub (6.2), and, furthermore, in the thrust bearing (8) which is arranged in the region of the propulsion machine (1) ;

   characterized by the following features:

   1.9 the stator (6), the stator hub (6.2) and the nozzle body (7) form a single structural unit which can be pre-assembled;

   1.10 the structural unit can be mounted and dismantled indirectly or directly on the stern;

   1.11 the shaft (2) can be displaced in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the shaft (2) relative to the structural unit;

   1.12 the nozzle body (7) is connected fixedly to a bracket (6.3) or comprises a bracket of this type which can be mounted and dismantled on the stern of the ship's hull.
2. Ship according to Claim 1, characterized in that a stern tube bearing (3) is provided as a further bearing for the shaft (2), which stern tube bearing (3) is situated between the stator bearing (6.2) and the thrust bearing (9).
3. Ship according to either of Claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the stator bearing (6.2) is a water-lubricated and water-cooled bearing, comprising a bearing bush (6.5) which forms a bearing gap with the shell surface of the shaft (2), and in that the bearing gap is flushed during operation by a water stream which flows towards the bow.

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