EP0451013A1 - Method and apparatus for making an embossed part in a sheet metal plate and product obtained by this method - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for making an embossed part in a sheet metal plate and product obtained by this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0451013A1
EP0451013A1 EP91400795A EP91400795A EP0451013A1 EP 0451013 A1 EP0451013 A1 EP 0451013A1 EP 91400795 A EP91400795 A EP 91400795A EP 91400795 A EP91400795 A EP 91400795A EP 0451013 A1 EP0451013 A1 EP 0451013A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
punch
forming
zone
blank
raised part
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91400795A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0451013B1 (en
Inventor
Gérard Heurteboust
Jean-François Seconde
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Sollac SA
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Sollac SA
Lorraine de Laminage Continu SA SOLLAC
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Publication of EP0451013A1 publication Critical patent/EP0451013A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D51/00—Making hollow objects
    • B21D51/16—Making hollow objects characterised by the use of the objects
    • B21D51/38—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures
    • B21D51/383—Making inlet or outlet arrangements of cans, tins, baths, bottles, or other vessels; Making can ends; Making closures scoring lines, tear strips or pulling tabs

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method and a device for forming a part in relief on a sheet blank, for example a rivet of a so-called easy opening lid for metal boxes or various containers.
  • the present invention also relates to a product comprising a raised part obtained by the method according to the invention.
  • the methods for forming a raised part on a sheet blank, used up to now, consist in carrying out a succession of stamping operations using several sets of die and punch in order to gradually form blanks. until the final obtaining of said raised part.
  • a flat sheet metal blank 1 is placed in a first set of matrix 2 and punch 3 so as to achieve, by bringing together said matrix 2 and said punch 3, an expansion of said sheet blank on an area located in forming a first bubble-shaped blank 1a (Fig. 1a).
  • this first blank 1a is placed in a second die set 4 and punch 5 (Fig. 1b) to make a first neck forming a second blank 1b
  • this second blank 1b thus formed is placed in a third die set 6 and punch 7 (Fig. 1c) to make a second neck forming a third blank 1c
  • this third blank 1c is finally placed in a fourth die set 8 and punch 9 (Fig. 1d) in order to obtain the raised part final 1d, said punch 9 having dimensions substantially equivalent to said part in relief.
  • This thinning is due to a concentration of the deformations on a limited area of the sheet blank during the successive forming phases.
  • thin irons which are generally very hardened, are characterized by their stiffness and their low ability to deform so that expanding forming proves to be very difficult to perform, since the metal at the periphery of the part relief does not participate in the deformations, and a metal rupture is generally created at the top of said raised part.
  • the surface of the localized preformed zone is substantially equivalent to that of said localized zone after final forming.
  • the present invention also relates to a device for forming a part in relief on a sheet blank comprising a die and a punch, characterized in that it comprises a set of die and preforming punch each provided with imprints of complementary form for producing, in a localized area of said sheet blank, a succession of stepped undulations and a set of dies and shaping punches of said raised part.
  • the present invention also relates to a product comprising a raised part, such as a rivet of a so-called easy opening cover, produced by the aforementioned method.
  • the device for forming, according to the invention, a part in relief on a sheet blank 10, such as a rivet of a cover said to be easy opening, consists of a set of die and preforming punch respectively 20 and 25 (Fig. 2) and a set of die and shaping punch respectively 30 and 35 (Fig. 3).
  • the die 20 and the punch 25 for preforming include imprints of complementary shape to produce, as will be seen later, on a localized area of the sheet blank (10) a succession of undulations.
  • the impressions of the preforming matrix 20 consist of a series of projections 21a, 21b and 21c and of recesses 22a, 22b and 22c for example three in number and whose height increases from the center towards the periphery of said matrix 20 .
  • the imprints of the preforming punch 25 consist of a series of projections 26a, 26b and 26c and of recesses 27a, 27b and 27c, the height of which decreases from the center towards the periphery of said punch 25.
  • the projection 26a of the punch 25 and the hollow 22a of the preforming die 20 have a shape substantially equivalent to the shape of the raised part which it is desired to obtain on the sheet blank 10.
  • the projecting part 26a of the punch 25 and the hollow 22a of the die 20 have a cylindrical shape and the projections 21a, 21b, 21c and 26a, 26b, 26c respectively of the die 20 and the punch 25 are constituted by radial rings.
  • the shaping matrix 30 has an imprint 31 and the shaping punch 35 has a projection 36 of shape complementary to said imprint 31 and also identical to the shape of the raised part which it is desired to obtain on the blank 10.
  • the forming process according to the invention consists of two successive operations, a preforming operation using the die 20 and the punch 25 and a shaping operation using the die 30 and the punch 35.
  • planar sheet blank 10 is placed between the die 20 and the preforming punch 25, said sheet blank being held, for example, by peripheral blank clamps not shown.
  • the die 20 descends and at the start of the stamping, the projection 21c comes into contact with the blank 10 which is itself in contact with the projection 26a of the punch 25 (FIG. 4a).
  • This first phase makes it possible to determine on the blank 10 a localized zone A (FIG. 6) on which the stresses will be uniformly re-distributed, while the peripheral zone of the blank surrounding the localized zone A, kept pressed by the blank holder, is not stretched and does not undergo deformations.
  • the matrix 20 continues to descend so that the projections 21b, 26b and 21a, 26c come into contact with the blank 10 (Fig. 4b), then gradually interpenetrate (Fig. 4c) until the highest projection, that is to say the projection 21c, comes to bear in the hollow 27c of the punch 25.
  • This preforming operation therefore causes the material to deform in several places and allows the surface to be deformed to be divided into several annular sections.
  • the material thins at the level of the support of the projection (s) and, during the formation of the stepped corrugations, the initial deformations are kept blocked under the effect of contact of said projections.
  • the surface of the preformed localized zone A is substantially equivalent to said localized zone after final forming of the raised part.
  • the punch 35 of conformation comprises means for controlling the constriction of the blank 10 during the unfolding of the corrugations 10d and of the conformation of the raised part 10a.
  • control means are formed by rings 37 arranged either at the level of the reliefs or at the level of the hollows of the corrugations 10d, and pressurized for example by springs 38.
  • the method and the device according to the invention therefore make it possible to form on a sheet metal blank a part in relief in two operations, while the known techniques require three to four successive operations.
  • the invention applies to all types of material and allows the use of strongly hardened thin irons with a thickness of between 0.10 and 0.20 mm, in particular for lids with easy opening of metal boxes or various containers.
  • the covers have a smaller thickness which results in weight gain, lower cost and - less effort to open these covers.
  • the invention applies not only to the forming of raised parts of circular section, such as rivets for covers, but also to the forming of raised parts of any section and possibly variable depending on the height of said raised part. .

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
  • Making Paper Articles (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
  • Packaging For Recording Disks (AREA)
  • Container Filling Or Packaging Operations (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Abstract

The subject of the invention is a method for forming an embossed part on a metal sheet blank (10) with the aid of a die and a punch. A preforming operation and a shaping operation are carried out on at least one localised zone of the metal sheet blank (10), of greater dimensions than those of the said embossed part, thereby forming the said embossed part. During the preforming operation, a succession of tiered undulations are progressively produced on an intermediate zone of the said localised zone, located between the eventual high part of the said embossed part at the periphery of the said localised zone and, during the shaping operation, the tiered undulations of the said intermediate zone are progressively opened out and, simultaneously, the said embossed part is formed. <??>The subject of the invention is also an apparatus for implementing the method. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un dispositif de formage d'une partie en relief sur un flan de tôle, par exemple d'un rivet d'un couvercle dit à ouverture facile pour boîtes métalliques ou récipients divers.The present invention relates to a method and a device for forming a part in relief on a sheet blank, for example a rivet of a so-called easy opening lid for metal boxes or various containers.

La présente invention a également pour objet un produit comportant une partie en relief obtenue par le procédé selon l'invention.The present invention also relates to a product comprising a raised part obtained by the method according to the invention.

Les procédés de formage d'une partie en relief sur un flan de tôle, utilisés jusqu'à présent, consistent à réaliser une succession d'opérations d'emboutissage à l'aide de plusieurs jeux de matrice et poinçon afin de former progressivement des ébauches jusqu'à l'obtention finale de ladite partie en relief.The methods for forming a raised part on a sheet blank, used up to now, consist in carrying out a succession of stamping operations using several sets of die and punch in order to gradually form blanks. until the final obtaining of said raised part.

Sur la figure 1 ci-jointe, on a représenté schématiquement les différentes étapes d'un procédé de formage classique.In Figure 1 attached, there is shown schematically the different steps of a conventional forming process.

Tout d'abord, on place un flan de tôle 1 plan dans un premier jeu de matrice 2 et poinçon 3 de façon à réaliser, par rapprochement de ladite matrice 2 et dudit poinçon 3, une expansion dudit flan de tôle sur une zone localisée en formant une première ébauche 1a en forme de bulle (Fig. 1a).First, a flat sheet metal blank 1 is placed in a first set of matrix 2 and punch 3 so as to achieve, by bringing together said matrix 2 and said punch 3, an expansion of said sheet blank on an area located in forming a first bubble-shaped blank 1a (Fig. 1a).

Ensuite, cette première ébauche 1a est placée dans un second jeu de matrice 4 et poinçon 5 (Fig. 1b) pour réaliser un premier rétreint formant une deuxième ébauche 1b, puis cette deuxième ébauche 1b ainsi formée est placée dans un troisième jeu de matrice 6 et poinçon 7 (Fig. 1c) pour réaliser un second rétreint formant une troisième ébauche 1c, et cette troisième ébauche 1c est enfin placée dans un quatrième jeu de matrice 8 et poinçon 9 (Fig. 1d) afin d'obtenir la partie en relief finale 1d, ledit poinçon 9 possédant des dimensions sensiblement équivalentes à ladite partie en relief.Then, this first blank 1a is placed in a second die set 4 and punch 5 (Fig. 1b) to make a first neck forming a second blank 1b, then this second blank 1b thus formed is placed in a third die set 6 and punch 7 (Fig. 1c) to make a second neck forming a third blank 1c, and this third blank 1c is finally placed in a fourth die set 8 and punch 9 (Fig. 1d) in order to obtain the raised part final 1d, said punch 9 having dimensions substantially equivalent to said part in relief.

On voit donc que ce procédé connu nécessite quatre phases successives ce qui multiplie les opérations de manipulation et de transfert des flans de tôle entre chaque phase et augmente ainsi le prix de revient du produit fini.It can therefore be seen that this known process requires four successive phases, which multiplies the handling and transfer operations of the sheet blanks between each phase and thus increases the cost price of the finished product.

De plus, avec ce procédé connu, il se crée, au cours des différentes phases de formage, un amincissement localisé du métal, plus particulièrement au sommet de la partie en relief, qui peut se traduire, après formage, par une rupture du métal notamment dans le cas d'un martelage de ladite partie en relief pour le rivetage d'un anneau d'arrachement d'un couvercle à ouverture facile.In addition, with this known process, a localized thinning of the metal is created during the different forming phases, more particularly at the top of the raised part, which can result, after forming, in particular in breaking the metal. in the case of a hammering of said raised part for the riveting of a tearing ring of a cover with easy opening.

Cet amincissement est dû à une concentration des déformations sur une zone limitée du flan de tôle au cours des phases successives de formage.This thinning is due to a concentration of the deformations on a limited area of the sheet blank during the successive forming phases.

Compte-tenu de cet inconvénient, le procédé utilisé jusqu'à présent ne permet pas l'emploi de matériaux de faibles épaisseurs et plus particulièrement de fers minces et fortement écrouis.Given this drawback, the process used until now does not allow the use of materials of small thicknesses and more particularly of thin irons and strongly hardened.

En effet, les fers minces, qui sont généralement très écrouis, se caractérisent par leur raideur et leur faible aptitude à se déformer si bien que le formage en expansion s'avère très difficile à réaliser, car le métal à la périphérie de la partie en relief ne participe pas aux déformations, et il se crée généralement une rupture du métal au sommet de ladite partie en relief.Indeed, thin irons, which are generally very hardened, are characterized by their stiffness and their low ability to deform so that expanding forming proves to be very difficult to perform, since the metal at the periphery of the part relief does not participate in the deformations, and a metal rupture is generally created at the top of said raised part.

Or, on sait que l'emploi de fers minces et fortement écrouis, par exemple dans le cas des couvercles à ouverture facile, offre de nombreux avantages qui sont notamment une épaisseur plus faible des couvercles et donc un gain de poids, une diminution des efforts d'ouverture et une amélioration de la faisabilité des lignes de moindre résistance sur le couvercle.However, it is known that the use of thin irons and strongly hardened, for example in the case of easy-opening covers, offers many advantages which are in particular a thinner thickness of the covers and therefore a gain in weight, a reduction of the opening efforts and an improvement of the feasibility of the lines of least resistance on the cover.

Il a déjà été proposé, dans le document FR 2 164 703, de résoudre ce problème en réalisant, dans la zone entourant le rivet, une moulure annulaire en forme d'ondulation de manière à étirer le métal dans cette zone, pour rendre du métal disponible pour la formation ultérieure du rivet. Toutefois ce procédé ne peut s'appliquer à des fers très minces et fortement écrouis car l'ondulation formée de part et d'autre du plan du flan ne suffit pas pour créer la surface supplémentaire nécessaire au formage du rivet, et si on accentue l'amplitude de l'ondulation pour tendre à l'obtention de cette surface, on risque une rupture du flan par étirage excessif localisé vers les sommets de l'ondulation. De plus, l'ondulation ainsi formée de part et d'autre du plan du flan ne peut être correctement remise en forme lors de l'opération de formage définitif du rivet sans risque d'étirage supplémentaire du fer déjà écroui à la limite de la rupture.It has already been proposed, in the document FR 2 164 703, to solve this problem by producing, in the zone surrounding the rivet, an annular molding in the form of a corrugation so as to stretch the metal in this zone, to make metal available for subsequent rivet formation. However, this method cannot be applied to very thin and strongly hardened irons because the undulation formed on either side of the plane of the blank is not sufficient to create the additional surface necessary for forming the rivet, and if the accentuated l amplitude of the ripple to tend to obtain this surface, there is a risk of rupture of the blank by excessive stretching located towards the peaks of the ripple. In addition, the corrugation thus formed on either side of the plane of the blank cannot be properly reshaped during the operation of definitive forming of the rivet without risk of additional drawing of the iron already hardened to the limit of the rupture.

La présente invention a notamment pour but de remédier à ces inconvénients en proposant un procédé de formage d'une partie en relief sur un flan de tôle à l'aide d'une matrice et d'un poinçon, procédé dans lequel on effectue sur au moins une zone localisée du flan de tôle, de dimension supérieure à celle de ladite partie en relief, une opération de préformage, puis on effectue une opération de conformation en formant ladite partie en relief, caractérisé en ce que :

  • au cours de l'opération de préformage, on réalise progressivement, sur'une zone intermédiaire de ladite zone localisée et située entre la future partie haute de ladite partie en relief et la périphérie de ladite zone localisée une succession d'ondulations en gradins,
  • et au cours de l'opération de conformation, on déplie progressivement les ondulations en gradins de ladite zone intermédiaire et simultanément on forme ladite partie en relief.
The object of the present invention is in particular to remedy these drawbacks by proposing a method of forming a part in relief on a sheet blank using a die and a punch, method in which one performs on at minus a localized area of the sheet blank, of dimension greater than that of said raised part, a preforming operation, then a shaping operation is carried out by forming said raised part, characterized in that:
  • during the preforming operation, progress is made progressively, on an intermediate zone of said localized zone and situated between the future part high of said raised part and the periphery of said localized zone a succession of stepped undulations,
  • and during the shaping operation, the stepped undulations of said intermediate zone are gradually unfolded and said part in relief is simultaneously formed.

Selon une autre caractéristique, la surface de la zone localisée préformée est sensiblement équivalente à celle de ladite zone localisée après formage définitif.According to another characteristic, the surface of the localized preformed zone is substantially equivalent to that of said localized zone after final forming.

La présente invention a également pour objet un dispositif de formage d'une partie en relief sur un flan de tôle comportant une matrice et un poinçon, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un jeu de matrice et poinçon de préformage munis chacun d'empreintes de forme complémentaire pour réaliser, sur une zone localisée dudit flan de tôle, une succession d'ondulations en gradins et un jeu de matrice et poinçon de conformation de ladite partie en relief.The present invention also relates to a device for forming a part in relief on a sheet blank comprising a die and a punch, characterized in that it comprises a set of die and preforming punch each provided with imprints of complementary form for producing, in a localized area of said sheet blank, a succession of stepped undulations and a set of dies and shaping punches of said raised part.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques de l'invention :

  • les empreintes du jeu de matrice et poinçon de préformage sont formés par une série de saillies et de creux,
  • lesdites saillies et lesdits creux de la matrice de préformage ont une hauteur croissante du centre vers la périphérie de ladite matrice,
  • lesdites saillies et lesdits creux du poinçon de préformage ont une hauteur décroissante du centre vers la périphérie dudit poinçon,
  • le poinçon de conformation comporte des moyens de contrôle du rétreint du flan de tôle lors du dépliage des ondulations en gradins et de la conformation de la partie en relief,
  • les moyens de contrôle du rétreint sont formés par des bagues mobiles mises sous pression, par exemple par des ressorts.
According to other characteristics of the invention:
  • the imprints of the die set and preforming punch are formed by a series of projections and recesses,
  • said projections and said recesses of the preforming matrix have an increasing height from the center towards the periphery of said matrix,
  • said projections and said recesses of the preforming punch have a decreasing height from the center towards the periphery of said punch,
  • the shaping punch comprises means for controlling the constriction of the sheet blank when unfolding the stepped corrugations and the shaping of the raised part,
  • the necking control means are formed by mobile rings pressurized, for example by springs.

La présente invention a encore pour objet un produit comportant une partie en relief, tel qu'un rivet d'un couvercle dit à ouverture facile, réalisée par le procédé précité.The present invention also relates to a product comprising a raised part, such as a rivet of a so-called easy opening cover, produced by the aforementioned method.

Selon d'autres caractéristiques :

  • le produit est formé à partir d'un flan de tôle en fer mince fortement écroui,
  • le flan de tôle a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,10 et 0,20mm.
According to other characteristics:
  • the product is formed from a sheet of thin hardened iron sheet,
  • the sheet blank has a thickness of between 0.10 and 0.20mm.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaitront à la lecture de la description qui va suivre donnée à titre d'exemple et faite en référence aux dessins annexés sur lesquels :

  • la Fig. 1 représente les différentes phases de formage d'une partie en relief avec un dispositif selon l'art antérieur,
  • la Fig. 2 représente schématiquement en coupe le jeu de matrice et poinçon de préformage du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 3 représente schématiquement en coupe le jeu de matrice et poinçon de conformation du dispositif selon l'invention,
  • les Figs. 4a à 4d sont des demi-vues schématiques en coupe montrant les phases successives de préformage avec le dispositif selon l'invention,
  • les Figs. 5a à 5d sont des demi-vues schématiques en coupe montrant les phases successives de conformation avec le dispositif selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 6 est un diagramme montrant la répartition des contraintes sur le flan de tôle, d'une part avec le procédé selon l'art antérieur, et d'autre part, avec le procédé selon l'invention,
  • la Fig. 7 représente schématiquement en coupe une variante du jeu de matrice et poinçon de conformation du dispositif selon l'invention.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the description which follows, given by way of example and made with reference to the appended drawings in which:
  • Fig. 1 represents the different phases of forming a part in relief with a device according to the prior art,
  • Fig. 2 diagrammatically shows in section the set of die and preforming punch of the device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 3 diagrammatically shows in section the set of dies and shaping punches of the device according to the invention,
  • Figs. 4a to 4d are schematic half-views in section showing the successive phases of preforming with the device according to the invention,
  • Figs. 5a to 5d are schematic half-views in section showing the successive phases of conformation with the device according to the invention,
  • Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the distribution of the stresses on the sheet blank, on the one hand with the method according to the prior art, and on the other hand, with the method according to the invention,
  • Fig. 7 schematically shows in section a variant of the die set and shaping punch of the device according to the invention.

En se reportant tout d'abord aux Figs 2 et 3, on voit que le dispositif de formage, selon l'invention, d'une partie en relief sur un flan de tôle 10, tel qu'un rivet d'un couvercle dit à ouverture facile, se compose d'un jeu de matrice et poinçon de préformage respectivement 20 et 25 (Fig. 2) et d'un jeu de matrice et poinçon de conformation respectivement 30 et 35 (Fig. 3).Referring first to Figs 2 and 3, it can be seen that the device for forming, according to the invention, a part in relief on a sheet blank 10, such as a rivet of a cover said to be easy opening, consists of a set of die and preforming punch respectively 20 and 25 (Fig. 2) and a set of die and shaping punch respectively 30 and 35 (Fig. 3).

La matrice 20 et le poinçon 25 de préformage comportent des empreintes de forme complémentaire pour réaliser, comme on le verra ultérieurement, sur une zone localisée du flan de tôle (10) une succession d'ondulations.The die 20 and the punch 25 for preforming include imprints of complementary shape to produce, as will be seen later, on a localized area of the sheet blank (10) a succession of undulations.

Ainsi, les empreintes de la matrice 20 de préformage sont constituées par une série de saillies 21a, 21b et 21c et de creux 22a, 22b et 22c par exemple au nombre de trois et dont la hauteur croît du centre vers la périphérie de ladite matrice 20.Thus, the impressions of the preforming matrix 20 consist of a series of projections 21a, 21b and 21c and of recesses 22a, 22b and 22c for example three in number and whose height increases from the center towards the periphery of said matrix 20 .

Les empreintes du poinçon 25 de préformage sont constituées par une série de saillies 26a, 26b et 26c et de creux 27a, 27b et 27c dont la hauteur décroît du centre vers la périphérie dudit poinçon 25.The imprints of the preforming punch 25 consist of a series of projections 26a, 26b and 26c and of recesses 27a, 27b and 27c, the height of which decreases from the center towards the periphery of said punch 25.

La saillie 26a du poinçon 25 et le creux 22a de la matrice 20 de préformage ont une forme sensiblement équivalente à la forme de la partie en relief que l'on désire obtenir sur le flan de tôle 10.The projection 26a of the punch 25 and the hollow 22a of the preforming die 20 have a shape substantially equivalent to the shape of the raised part which it is desired to obtain on the sheet blank 10.

Par exemple et dans le cas du formage d'un rivet sur le flan de tôle 10, la partie en saillie 26a du poinçon 25 et le creux 22a de la matrice 20 ont une forme cylindrique et les saillies 21a, 21b, 21c et 26a, 26b, 26c respectivement de la matrice 20 et du poinçon 25 sont constituées par des anneaux radiaux.For example, and in the case of forming a rivet on the sheet metal blank 10, the projecting part 26a of the punch 25 and the hollow 22a of the die 20 have a cylindrical shape and the projections 21a, 21b, 21c and 26a, 26b, 26c respectively of the die 20 and the punch 25 are constituted by radial rings.

La matrice 30 de conformation comporte une empreinte 31 et le poinçon 35 de conformation comporte une saillie 36 de forme complémentaire à ladite empreinte 31 et également identique à la forme de la partie en relief que l'on désire obtenir sur le flan 10.The shaping matrix 30 has an imprint 31 and the shaping punch 35 has a projection 36 of shape complementary to said imprint 31 and also identical to the shape of the raised part which it is desired to obtain on the blank 10.

Le procédé de formage, selon l'invention, consiste en deux opérations successives, une opération de préformage à l'aide de la matrice 20 et du poinçon 25 et une opération de conformation à l'aide de la matrice 30 et du poinçon 35.The forming process according to the invention consists of two successive operations, a preforming operation using the die 20 and the punch 25 and a shaping operation using the die 30 and the punch 35.

En se reportant aux Figs 4 et 5 on va maintenant décrire ces deux opérations.Referring to Figs 4 and 5 we will now describe these two operations.

Tout d'abord, on place le flan de tôle 10 plan entre la matrice 20 et le poinçon 25 de préformage, ledit flan de tôle étant maintenu, par exemple, par des serre-flans périphériques non représentés.First of all, the planar sheet blank 10 is placed between the die 20 and the preforming punch 25, said sheet blank being held, for example, by peripheral blank clamps not shown.

La matrice 20 descend et au début de l'emboutisssage, la saillie 21c entre en contact avec le flan 10 qui est lui même en contact avec la saillie 26a du poinçon 25 (Fig.4a).The die 20 descends and at the start of the stamping, the projection 21c comes into contact with the blank 10 which is itself in contact with the projection 26a of the punch 25 (FIG. 4a).

Cette première phase permet de déterminer sur le flan 10 une zone localisée A (Fig. 6) sur laquelle les contraintes seront uniformément ré-parties, alors que la zone périphérique du flan entourant la zone localisée A, maintenue pressée par le serre-flan, n'est pas étirée et ne subit pas de déformations.This first phase makes it possible to determine on the blank 10 a localized zone A (FIG. 6) on which the stresses will be uniformly re-distributed, while the peripheral zone of the blank surrounding the localized zone A, kept pressed by the blank holder, is not stretched and does not undergo deformations.

Ensuite, la matrice 20 continue à descendre de telle sorte que les saillies 21b, 26b et 21a, 26c entrent en contact avec le flan 10 (Fig. 4b), puis s'interpénètrent progressivement (Fig. 4c) jusqu'au moment où la saillie la plus haute, c'est à dire la saillie 21c, vienne en appui dans le creux 27c du poinçon 25.Then, the matrix 20 continues to descend so that the projections 21b, 26b and 21a, 26c come into contact with the blank 10 (Fig. 4b), then gradually interpenetrate (Fig. 4c) until the highest projection, that is to say the projection 21c, comes to bear in the hollow 27c of the punch 25.

Ainsi, on forme sur une zone intermédiaire B de la zone localisée A du flan 10 et située entre la future partie haute 10b de la partie en relief 10a à former et la périphérie de la zone localisée A, une succession d'ondulations 10d réparties en gradins (Fig. 6).Thus, on an intermediate zone B of the localized zone A of the blank 10 and situated between the future upper part 10b of the raised part 10a to be formed and the periphery of the localized zone A, a succession of undulations 10d distributed in bleachers (Fig. 6).

Cette opération de préformage conduit donc le matériau à se déformer en plusieurs endroits et permet de partager la surface à déformer en plusieurs tranches annulaires.This preforming operation therefore causes the material to deform in several places and allows the surface to be deformed to be divided into several annular sections.

Au début de l'emboutissage, le matériau s'amincit au niveau de l'appui de la ou des saillies et, lors du formage des ondulations en gradins, les déformations initiales sont maintenues bloquées sous l'effet de contact desdites saillies.At the start of stamping, the material thins at the level of the support of the projection (s) and, during the formation of the stepped corrugations, the initial deformations are kept blocked under the effect of contact of said projections.

En fin d'opération, les déformations se développent le long des rayons, puis dans les parties laissées libre entre les saillies.At the end of the operation, the deformations develop along the spokes, then in the parts left free between the projections.

De plus, la surface de la zone localisée A préformée est sensiblement équivalente à ladite zone localisée après formage définitif de la partie en relief.In addition, the surface of the preformed localized zone A is substantially equivalent to said localized zone after final forming of the raised part.

Grâce à cette disposition, et comme on peut le voir sur la Fig. 6, les contraintes sont uniformément réparties sur la zone A du flan 10, alors que dans la technique connue, les contraintes sont plus particulièrement concentrées au niveau du sommet de la partie en relief formée sur le flan 1.Thanks to this arrangement, and as can be seen in FIG. 6, the stresses are uniformly distributed over the area A of the blank 10, while in the known technique, the stresses are more particularly concentrated at the top of the raised part formed on the blank 1.

Lors de la deuxième opération représentée sur les Figs. 5a à 5b, on pratique, après positionnement de la préforme du flan 10 entre la matrice 30 et le poinçon 35 de conformation (Fig. 5a), un rétreint selon la forme donnée par la saillie 36 dudit poinçon 35.During the second operation shown in Figs. 5a to 5b, after the preform of the blank 10 has been positioned between the die 30 and the punch 35 of conformation (FIG. 5a), a shrinking according to the shape given by the projection 36 of said punch 35.

A cet effet, on descend progressivement la matrice 30 de façon à réaliser un dépliage successif des ondulations 10d (Fig. 5b et 5c), jusqu'au formage définitif de la partie en relief 10a (Fig. 5d), le métal de ladite zone intermédiaire, à l'exclusion de celui utilisé pour constituer la surface latérale de la partie en relief, se trouvant alors ramené sensiblement dans le plan du flan.To this end, we gradually descend the matrix 30 so as to achieve a successive unfolding of the corrugations 10d (Fig. 5b and 5c), until the final forming of the raised part 10a (Fig. 5d), the metal of said intermediate zone, excluding that used to constitute the lateral surface of the raised part, being then brought back substantially in the plane of the blank.

Grâce au dépliage successif des ondulations 10d, il se crée une retenue suffisante pour faciliter le passage de la matière dans l'empreinte 31 de la matrice 30.Thanks to the successive unfolding of the corrugations 10d, sufficient retention is created to facilitate the passage of the material in the cavity 31 of the matrix 30.

Selon une variante représentée à Fig. 7, le poinçon 35 de conformation comporte des moyens de contrôle du rétreint du flan 10 lors du dépliage des ondulations 10d et de la conformation de la partie en relief 10a.According to a variant shown in FIG. 7, the punch 35 of conformation comprises means for controlling the constriction of the blank 10 during the unfolding of the corrugations 10d and of the conformation of the raised part 10a.

Ces moyens de contrôle sont formés par des bagues 37 disposées, soit au niveau des reliefs ou soit au niveau des creux des ondulations 10d, et mises sous pression par exemple par des ressorts 38.These control means are formed by rings 37 arranged either at the level of the reliefs or at the level of the hollows of the corrugations 10d, and pressurized for example by springs 38.

Le procédé et le dispositif selon l'invention permettent donc de former sur un flan de tôle une partie en relief en deux opérations, alors que les techniques connues nécessitent trois à quatre opérations successives.The method and the device according to the invention therefore make it possible to form on a sheet metal blank a part in relief in two operations, while the known techniques require three to four successive operations.

L'invention s'applique à tous typés de matériau et permet l'emploi de fers minces fortement écrouis d'une épaisseur comprise entre 0,10 et 0,20 mm, notamment pour des couvercles à ouverture facile de boîtes métalliques ou récipients divers.The invention applies to all types of material and allows the use of strongly hardened thin irons with a thickness of between 0.10 and 0.20 mm, in particular for lids with easy opening of metal boxes or various containers.

Grâce à l'emploi de ce type de matériau, les couvercles ont une plus faible épaisseur ce qui entraine un gain de poids, un coût inférieur et- un moindre effort d'ouverture de ces couvercles.Thanks to the use of this type of material, the covers have a smaller thickness which results in weight gain, lower cost and - less effort to open these covers.

Par ailleurs, il permet également une amélioration de la faisabilité des lignes de moindre résistance prévues sur ces couvercles et une diminution de la profondeur de ces lignes.In addition, it also allows improvement in the feasibility of the lines of least resistance provided on these covers and a reduction in the depth of these lines.

L'invention s'applique non seulement au formage de parties en relief de section circulaire, telles que des rivets pour couvercles, mais aussi, au formage de parties en relief de section quelconque et éventuellement variable en fonction de la hauteur de ladite partie en relief.The invention applies not only to the forming of raised parts of circular section, such as rivets for covers, but also to the forming of raised parts of any section and possibly variable depending on the height of said raised part. .

Claims (11)

Procédé de formage d'une partie en relief (10a) sur un flan de tôle (10) a l'aide d'une matrice et d'un poinçon, procédé dans lequel on effectue sur au moins une zone localisée A du flan de tôle (10), de dimension supérieure a celle de ladite partie en relief (10a), une opération de préformage, puis on effectue une opération de conformation en formant ladite partie en relief (10a), caracatérisé en ce que : - au cours de l'opération de préformage, on réalise progressivement, sur une zone intermédiaire B de ladite zone A et située entre la future partie haute (10b) de ladite partie en relief (10a) et la périphérie de ladite zone A, une succession d'ondulations en gradins (10d), - et au cours de l'opération de conformation, on déplie progressivement les ondulation en gradins (10d) de ladite zone intermédiaire (B) et simultanément on forme ladite partie en relief (10a). Method for forming a raised part (10a) on a sheet blank (10) using a die and a punch, method in which a sheet blank is carried out on at least one localized area A (10), of dimension greater than that of said raised part (10a), a preforming operation, then a shaping operation is carried out by forming said raised part (10a), characterized in that: - During the preforming operation, progressively, on an intermediate zone B of said zone A and situated between the future upper part (10b) of said raised part (10a) and a periphery of said zone A, succession of ripples in steps (10d), - And during the shaping operation, the ripples are gradually unfolded in steps (10d) of said intermediate zone (B) and simultaneously said part in relief (10a) is formed. Procédé de formage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la surface de la zone localisée préformée est sensiblement équivalente a celle de ladite zone localisée après formage définitif.A forming method according to claim 1, characterized in that the area of the preformed localized area is substantially equivalent to that of said localized area after final forming. Dispositif de formage d'une partie en relief (10a) sur un flan de tôle (10) comportant un jeu de matrice (20) et poinçon (25) de préformage et un jeu de matrice (30) et poinçon (35) de conformation caractérisé en ce que la matrice (20) et le poinçon (25) de préformage sont munis chacun d'empreintes de forme complémentaire pour former sur une zone localisée A dudit flan de tôle (10) une succession d'ondulations en gradins (10d).Device for forming a raised part (10a) on a sheet blank (10) comprising a die set (20) and preforming punch (25) and a die set (30) and shaping punch (35) characterized in that the die (20) and the preform punch (25) are each provided with impressions of complementary shape to form on a localized zone A of said sheet blank (10) a succession of undulations in steps (10d) . Dispositif de formage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que les empreintes du jeu de matrice (20) et du poinçon (25) de préformage sont formées par une série de saillies (21a, 21b,...et 26a, 26b...) et de creux (22a, 22b...et 27a, 27b...).Forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the indentations of the die set (20) and of the preform punch (25) are formed by a series of projections (21a, 21b, ... and 26a, 26b ...) and hollows (22a, 22b ... and 27a, 27b ...). Dispositif de formage selon les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdites saillies (21a, 21b...) et lesdits creux (22a, 22b...) de la matrice de préformage ont une hauteur croissante du centre vers la périphérie de ladite matrice.Forming device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that said projections (21a, 21b ...) and said recesses (22a, 22b ...) of the preforming matrix have an increasing height from the center towards the periphery of said matrix. Dispositif de formage selon les revendications 3 et 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdites saillies (26a, 26b...) et lesdits creux (27a, 27b...) du poinçon (25) de préformage ont une hauteur décroissante du centre vers la périphérie dudit poinçon.Forming device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that said projections (26a, 26b ...) and said recesses (27a, 27b ...) of the preform punch (25) have a decreasing height from the center towards the periphery of said punch. Dispositif de formage selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le poinçon (35) de conformation comporte des moyens de contrôle du rétreint du flan de tôle (10) lors du dépliage des ondulations en gradins (10d) et de la conformation de la partie en relief (10a).Forming device according to claim 3, characterized in that the shaping punch (35) comprises means for controlling the constriction of the sheet blank (10) during the unfolding of the step corrugations (10d) and of the shape of the part in relief (10a). Dispositif de formage selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de contrôle du rétreint sont formés par des bagues mobiles (37) mises sous pression par exemple par des ressorts (38).Forming device according to claim 7, characterized in that the constriction control means are formed by movable rings (37) pressurized for example by springs (38). Produit comportant une partie en relief (10a), tel qu'un rivet de couvercles dit a ouverture facile, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé par le procédé selon les revendications 1 et 2.Product comprising a raised part (10a), such as a rivet of covers said to have easy opening, characterized in that it is produced by the method according to claims 1 and 2. Produit selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est formé a partir d'un flan de tôle (10) en fer mince fortement écroui.Product according to claim 9, characterized in that it is formed from a sheet metal blank (10) of strongly hardened thin iron. Produit selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que le flan de tôle (10) a une épaisseur comprise entre 0,10 et 0,20 mm.Product according to claim 10, characterized in that the sheet blank (10) has a thickness of between 0.10 and 0.20 mm.
EP91400795A 1990-04-03 1991-03-25 Method and apparatus for making an embossed part in a sheet metal plate and product obtained by this method Expired - Lifetime EP0451013B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9004264A FR2660220B1 (en) 1990-04-03 1990-04-03 PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR FORMING A RELIEF PART ON A SHEET OF SHEET AND PRODUCT OBTAINED ACCORDING TO THIS PROCESS.
FR9004264 1990-04-03

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EP0451013A1 true EP0451013A1 (en) 1991-10-09
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EP (1) EP0451013B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH05305360A (en)
KR (1) KR100231074B1 (en)
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DE (1) DE69102004T2 (en)
DK (1) DK0451013T3 (en)
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CA2038958C (en) 1999-07-13
ATE105749T1 (en) 1994-06-15
FI911576A (en) 1991-10-04
JPH05305360A (en) 1993-11-19
KR100231074B1 (en) 1999-12-01
PT97213B (en) 1998-07-31
DE69102004T2 (en) 1994-10-27
CA2038958A1 (en) 1991-10-04
NO911287D0 (en) 1991-04-02
FR2660220B1 (en) 1995-02-24
ES2056595T3 (en) 1994-10-01
PT97213A (en) 1993-05-31
DE69102004D1 (en) 1994-06-23
FI112331B (en) 2003-11-28
NO911287L (en) 1991-10-04
EP0451013B1 (en) 1994-05-18
US5174146A (en) 1992-12-29
NO176239C (en) 1995-03-01
DK0451013T3 (en) 1994-09-19
FR2660220A1 (en) 1991-10-04
FI911576A0 (en) 1991-04-02
NO176239B (en) 1994-11-21

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