EP0448525B1 - Kühlkreislauf eines Zylinderkopfes für eine Brennkraftmaschine - Google Patents

Kühlkreislauf eines Zylinderkopfes für eine Brennkraftmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0448525B1
EP0448525B1 EP91830091A EP91830091A EP0448525B1 EP 0448525 B1 EP0448525 B1 EP 0448525B1 EP 91830091 A EP91830091 A EP 91830091A EP 91830091 A EP91830091 A EP 91830091A EP 0448525 B1 EP0448525 B1 EP 0448525B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
inlet
ducts
exhaust
duct
situated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91830091A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0448525A1 (de
Inventor
Francesco Ferrazzi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fiat Auto SpA
Original Assignee
Fiat Auto SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fiat Auto SpA filed Critical Fiat Auto SpA
Publication of EP0448525A1 publication Critical patent/EP0448525A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0448525B1 publication Critical patent/EP0448525B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
    • F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis

Definitions

  • the present invention relates in general to cooling circuits for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles.
  • a cooling circuit according to the pre-characterising portion of claim 1, comprising a unitary head constituted by a body having a base wall which is intended to be applied to a cylinder block and defines the tops of combustion chambers from which sets of tubular projections project to define seats for inlet and exhaust valves and for spark plugs, as well as inlet and exhaust ducts which communicate with the valve seats and open into opposite sides of the head, ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid communicating with an inlet and an outlet, and an upper chamber for containing the liquid.
  • a unitary head constituted by a body having a base wall which is intended to be applied to a cylinder block and defines the tops of combustion chambers from which sets of tubular projections project to define seats for inlet and exhaust valves and for spark plugs, as well as inlet and exhaust ducts which communicate with the valve seats and open into opposite sides of the head, ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid communicating with an inlet and an outlet, and an upper chamber for containing the liquid.
  • the ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid are normally constituted by holes which are intended to be put into communication with corresponding holes in the engine block to which the head is applied and which communicate with an outlet situated at one end of the head.
  • FR-A-2 225 628 shows a cooling-system for an engine, comprising a pair of longitudinal ducts provided in the cylinder block.
  • the cylinder head is provided with a longitudinal circulation chamber and with a longitudinal bore which communicate with the ducts of the cylinder block by means of orifices provided on adjacent surfaces of the head and of the cylinder block.
  • the longitudinal bore and the circulation chamber of the head communicate with each other by means of a transverse duct for each cylinder which passes between the tubular projections of the seats for inlet and exhaust valves.
  • the known cooling circuits do not enable the flow of coolant liquid to be directed to specific areas within the head and the cooling is therefore not very effective.
  • This disadvantage is particularly critical in the case of head for engines with four valves per cylinder, in which the cooling of the tubular projections defining the valve seats is generally ineffective and that of the tubular projections defining the seats for the spark plugs and the walls of the inlet and exhaust ducts is even more so.
  • the object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage and to provide a head of the type defined at the beginning which is formed so as to enable a homogeneous temperature distribution in operation by means of effective cooling by the coolant liquid, particularly in the regions of the tops of the combustion chambers and the respective tubular projections for valves and spark plugs and for the walls of the inlet and exhaust ducts.
  • the transverse passages conveniently include three passages for each exhaust duct, of which the central passage is situated between the two portions of the respective exhaust duct and each side passage is situated beside a respective portion of the exhaust duct, and at least two passages for each inlet duct situated beside respective portions of the inlet duct.
  • part of a head for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine for motor vehicles is generally indicated 1.
  • the head 1 is intended for application to an engine with controlled ignition and with four valves, two inlet valves and two exhaust valves, for each cylinder.
  • the head 1 is constituted by a unitary body formed by a base wall 2 which is intended to be applied to the cylinder block and defines the top 3 of the combustion chamber of each cylinder.
  • Two pairs of tubular projections 4, 5 defining the respective seats for the inlet valves and exhaust valves, and an intermediate tubular projection 6 interposed between the two pairs of projections 4, 5 and defining the seat for a spark plug project from each top 3.
  • the head 1 is also formed with bosses 7 for the insertion of the bolts for fixing it to the engine block and intermediate walls 8 (only one of which is visible in Figure 1) defining bearings for the rotation of a pair of camshafts.
  • the tubular projections 4 for the inlet valves communicate at their bases with respective inlet ducts 9 which open into the side 1a of the head 1, and the tubular projections 5 for the exhaust valves communicate with respective exhaust ducts 10 which open into the opposite side 1b of the head 1.
  • the upper walls 9c, 10c of the inlet and exhaust ducts 9 and 10 project from the respective tops 3.
  • each inlet duct 9 is formed by two adjacent portions 9a, 9b each of which is associated with a respective tubular projection 4.
  • each exhaust duct 10 is formed by two adjacent portions 10a, 10b associated with respective tubular projections 5.
  • the head 1 is formed with internal passages for the circulation of a coolant liquid.
  • these passages comprise two longitudinal ducts 11, 12 extending along respective sides 1a, 1b of the head 1 and communicating at one end 1c thereof with an inlet 13.
  • a double-volute body 15 of a hydraulic pump is associated with the inlet 13 and is intended to be fitted to the end 1c of the head 1, whilst cooling fins 16 are formed at the other end 1d on opposite sides of an outlet for the coolant liquid.
  • the two longitudinal ducts 11, 12 communicate with the internal regions of the head 1 through a series of respective transverse passages arranged around the inlet ducts 9 and the exhaust ducts 10.
  • three transverse passages are associated with the longitudinal duct 12 situated on the exhaust side 1b of the head 1 in correspondence with and beneath each exhaust duct 10. These three transverse passages comprise a central passage 17 situated between the portions 10a of the exhaust duct 10 and two side passages 18 one situated beside each of the portions 10a.
  • the transverse passages 17, 18 and 19 communicate with the internal regions of the head 1 constituted, in particular, by an intermediate circulation chamber, generally indicated 20, formed between the tops of the combustion chambers 3, the corresponding tubular projections 4, 5 and 6, the upper walls 9c and 10c of the inlet ducts 9 and the exhaust ducts 10, and an upper chamber 21 for containing the coolant liquid.
  • the intermediate chamber 20 is connected to the outlet 14 for the coolant liquid.
  • the coolant liquid supplied by the hydraulic pump to the inlet 13 is divided by the body 15 into two flows which flow through the longitudinal duct 11 and the longitudinal duct 12 respectively.
  • the liquid passes over the inlet ducts 9 and the exhaust ducts 10 and enters the circulation chamber 20 through the transverse passages 19, 17 and 18 so as to pass over the tops 3 of the combustion chambers, the tubular projections 4, 5 and 6, and the upper walls 9c, 10c of the inlet ducts 9 and exhaust ducts 10.
  • the liquid is then discharged from the head 1 through the outlet 14.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Kühlkreis eines Zylinderkopfes für eine Brennkraftmaschine für Kraftfahrzeuge, bei welcher der Kopf von einem Körper (1) mit einer im wesentlichen rechteckigen Basiswandung (2) gebildet ist, welche auf einem Zylinderblock angebracht ist, wobei der Körper (1) festlegt:
    - Oberteile (3) von Brennkammern, von welchen Sätze von rohrförmigen Vorsprüngen (4, 5, 6) abstehen, um Sitze für Einlaß- und Auslaßventile und für Zündkerzen zu bilden,
    - Einlaßleitungen (9) und Auslaßleitungen (10), die mit den Ventilsitzen in Verbindung stehen,
    - eine Leitung für die Zirkulation der Kühlflüssigkeit, die mit einem Einlaß und mit einer Längszirkulationskammer (20) in Verbindung steht, welche zwischen den Oberteilen (3) der Brennkammern und den rohrförmigen Vorsprüngen (4, 5, 6) für die Ventile und die Zündkerzen ausgebildet ist, wobei die Längszirkulationskammer (20) mit einem in Übereinstimmung mit einer ersten Seite (1d) der Basiswandung (2) angeordneten Auslaß (14) für die Kühlflüssigkeit in Verbindung steht,
       wobei der Kühlkreis eine Pumpe (15) zum Zuführen von Kühlflüssigkeit zu dem Einlaß umfaßt,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Körper einen einzigen Einlaß aufweist, der in Übereinstimmung mit einer zweiten Seite (1c) der Basiswandung (2) angeordnet ist, welche der ersten Seite (1d) entgegengesetzt ist und im wesentlichen parallel zu dieser verläuft, wobei der Einlaß mit zwei Längsleitungen (11, 12) in Verbindung steht, die längs einer dritten (1a) und einer vierten (1b) Seite der Basiswandung (2) sowie unterhalb der Einlaß- bzw. Auslaßleitungen (9, 10) verlaufen, wobei die Längsleitungen (11, 12) mit der in einer Zwischenposition zwischen den Längsleitungen (11, 12) angeordneten Längszirkulationskammer (20) über eine Reihe von Querkanälen (17, 18, 19) in Verbindung stehen, die um die Einlaß- und Auslaßleitungen (9, 10) angeordnet sind.
  2. Kühlkreis nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Querkanäle (17, 18, 19) unterhalb der Einlaß- und Auslaßleitungen (9, 10) ausgebildet sind.
  3. Kühlkreis nach Anspruch 1 für Maschinen mit vier Ventilen pro Zylinder, wobei jede Einlaß- und Auslaßleitung (9, 10) von zwei benachbarten Abschnitten (9a, 9b; 10a, 10b) gebildet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Querkanäle drei Kanäle (17, 18) für jede Auslaßleitung (10) umfassen, von denen der mittlere Kanal (17) zwischen den beiden Abschnitten (10a, 10b) der entsprechenden Auslaßleitung (10) angeordnet ist und jeder seitliche Kanal (18) neben einem entsprechenden Abschnitt (10a, 10b) der Auslaßleitung (10) angeordnet ist, sowie wenigstens zwei Kanäle (19) für jede Einlaßleitung (9), die neben entsprechenden Abschnitten (9a, 9b) der Einlaßleitung (9) angeordnet sind.
  4. Kühlkreis nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er mit Kühlrippen (16) ausgebildet ist, die neben dem Auslaß (14) angeordnet sind.
EP91830091A 1990-03-20 1991-03-12 Kühlkreislauf eines Zylinderkopfes für eine Brennkraftmaschine Expired - Lifetime EP0448525B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT67203A IT1240140B (it) 1990-03-20 1990-03-20 Testa per motori a combustione interna per autoveicoli
IT6720390 1990-03-20

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0448525A1 EP0448525A1 (de) 1991-09-25
EP0448525B1 true EP0448525B1 (de) 1994-12-07

Family

ID=11300464

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91830091A Expired - Lifetime EP0448525B1 (de) 1990-03-20 1991-03-12 Kühlkreislauf eines Zylinderkopfes für eine Brennkraftmaschine

Country Status (3)

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EP (1) EP0448525B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69105568T2 (de)
IT (1) IT1240140B (de)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1280976B1 (it) * 1995-10-17 1998-02-11 Fiat Ricerche Motore a combustione interna a ciclo diesel, per autovetture, ad iniezione diretta
FR2786815B1 (fr) * 1998-12-04 2001-01-05 Renault Sport Culasses de moteur a combustion interne refroidie par liquide
JP4100279B2 (ja) * 2003-07-16 2008-06-11 三菱自動車工業株式会社 シリンダヘッド先行冷却式のエンジン
JP4337851B2 (ja) * 2006-08-28 2009-09-30 トヨタ自動車株式会社 シリンダヘッドの冷却水通路構造
CN103291487B (zh) * 2013-05-27 2015-06-03 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 一种发动机气缸盖冷却水系统
ES2703848A1 (es) * 2017-09-12 2019-03-12 Frau Pedro Sabater Motor de combustion interna

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2619078A (en) * 1947-06-30 1952-11-25 Julius E Witzky Cylinder head assembly for internal-combustion engines
GB1468508A (en) * 1973-04-12 1977-03-30 Perkins Engines Ltd Engine cooling system
GB1564692A (en) * 1977-05-10 1980-04-10 Fiat Spa Cooling circuit for the cylinder heat of an internal combustion engine
DE8621654U1 (de) * 1986-08-12 1986-09-25 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Zylinderkopf für eine flüssigkeitsgekühlte Brennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1240140B (it) 1993-11-27
IT9067203A0 (it) 1990-03-20
IT9067203A1 (it) 1991-09-20
DE69105568T2 (de) 1995-04-13
DE69105568D1 (de) 1995-01-19
EP0448525A1 (de) 1991-09-25

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