EP0448525B1 - Cooling circuit of a cylinder head for internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Cooling circuit of a cylinder head for internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0448525B1 EP0448525B1 EP91830091A EP91830091A EP0448525B1 EP 0448525 B1 EP0448525 B1 EP 0448525B1 EP 91830091 A EP91830091 A EP 91830091A EP 91830091 A EP91830091 A EP 91830091A EP 0448525 B1 EP0448525 B1 EP 0448525B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- inlet
- ducts
- exhaust
- duct
- situated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/38—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling the cylinder heads being of overhead valve type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
- F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
- F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F1/42—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads
- F02F1/4214—Shape or arrangement of intake or exhaust channels in cylinder heads specially adapted for four or more valves per cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
- F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
- F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
- F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
- F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads
- F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
- F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
- F02F2001/247—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated in parallel with the cylinder axis
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to cooling circuits for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles.
- a cooling circuit according to the pre-characterising portion of claim 1, comprising a unitary head constituted by a body having a base wall which is intended to be applied to a cylinder block and defines the tops of combustion chambers from which sets of tubular projections project to define seats for inlet and exhaust valves and for spark plugs, as well as inlet and exhaust ducts which communicate with the valve seats and open into opposite sides of the head, ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid communicating with an inlet and an outlet, and an upper chamber for containing the liquid.
- a unitary head constituted by a body having a base wall which is intended to be applied to a cylinder block and defines the tops of combustion chambers from which sets of tubular projections project to define seats for inlet and exhaust valves and for spark plugs, as well as inlet and exhaust ducts which communicate with the valve seats and open into opposite sides of the head, ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid communicating with an inlet and an outlet, and an upper chamber for containing the liquid.
- the ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid are normally constituted by holes which are intended to be put into communication with corresponding holes in the engine block to which the head is applied and which communicate with an outlet situated at one end of the head.
- FR-A-2 225 628 shows a cooling-system for an engine, comprising a pair of longitudinal ducts provided in the cylinder block.
- the cylinder head is provided with a longitudinal circulation chamber and with a longitudinal bore which communicate with the ducts of the cylinder block by means of orifices provided on adjacent surfaces of the head and of the cylinder block.
- the longitudinal bore and the circulation chamber of the head communicate with each other by means of a transverse duct for each cylinder which passes between the tubular projections of the seats for inlet and exhaust valves.
- the known cooling circuits do not enable the flow of coolant liquid to be directed to specific areas within the head and the cooling is therefore not very effective.
- This disadvantage is particularly critical in the case of head for engines with four valves per cylinder, in which the cooling of the tubular projections defining the valve seats is generally ineffective and that of the tubular projections defining the seats for the spark plugs and the walls of the inlet and exhaust ducts is even more so.
- the object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage and to provide a head of the type defined at the beginning which is formed so as to enable a homogeneous temperature distribution in operation by means of effective cooling by the coolant liquid, particularly in the regions of the tops of the combustion chambers and the respective tubular projections for valves and spark plugs and for the walls of the inlet and exhaust ducts.
- the transverse passages conveniently include three passages for each exhaust duct, of which the central passage is situated between the two portions of the respective exhaust duct and each side passage is situated beside a respective portion of the exhaust duct, and at least two passages for each inlet duct situated beside respective portions of the inlet duct.
- part of a head for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine for motor vehicles is generally indicated 1.
- the head 1 is intended for application to an engine with controlled ignition and with four valves, two inlet valves and two exhaust valves, for each cylinder.
- the head 1 is constituted by a unitary body formed by a base wall 2 which is intended to be applied to the cylinder block and defines the top 3 of the combustion chamber of each cylinder.
- Two pairs of tubular projections 4, 5 defining the respective seats for the inlet valves and exhaust valves, and an intermediate tubular projection 6 interposed between the two pairs of projections 4, 5 and defining the seat for a spark plug project from each top 3.
- the head 1 is also formed with bosses 7 for the insertion of the bolts for fixing it to the engine block and intermediate walls 8 (only one of which is visible in Figure 1) defining bearings for the rotation of a pair of camshafts.
- the tubular projections 4 for the inlet valves communicate at their bases with respective inlet ducts 9 which open into the side 1a of the head 1, and the tubular projections 5 for the exhaust valves communicate with respective exhaust ducts 10 which open into the opposite side 1b of the head 1.
- the upper walls 9c, 10c of the inlet and exhaust ducts 9 and 10 project from the respective tops 3.
- each inlet duct 9 is formed by two adjacent portions 9a, 9b each of which is associated with a respective tubular projection 4.
- each exhaust duct 10 is formed by two adjacent portions 10a, 10b associated with respective tubular projections 5.
- the head 1 is formed with internal passages for the circulation of a coolant liquid.
- these passages comprise two longitudinal ducts 11, 12 extending along respective sides 1a, 1b of the head 1 and communicating at one end 1c thereof with an inlet 13.
- a double-volute body 15 of a hydraulic pump is associated with the inlet 13 and is intended to be fitted to the end 1c of the head 1, whilst cooling fins 16 are formed at the other end 1d on opposite sides of an outlet for the coolant liquid.
- the two longitudinal ducts 11, 12 communicate with the internal regions of the head 1 through a series of respective transverse passages arranged around the inlet ducts 9 and the exhaust ducts 10.
- three transverse passages are associated with the longitudinal duct 12 situated on the exhaust side 1b of the head 1 in correspondence with and beneath each exhaust duct 10. These three transverse passages comprise a central passage 17 situated between the portions 10a of the exhaust duct 10 and two side passages 18 one situated beside each of the portions 10a.
- the transverse passages 17, 18 and 19 communicate with the internal regions of the head 1 constituted, in particular, by an intermediate circulation chamber, generally indicated 20, formed between the tops of the combustion chambers 3, the corresponding tubular projections 4, 5 and 6, the upper walls 9c and 10c of the inlet ducts 9 and the exhaust ducts 10, and an upper chamber 21 for containing the coolant liquid.
- the intermediate chamber 20 is connected to the outlet 14 for the coolant liquid.
- the coolant liquid supplied by the hydraulic pump to the inlet 13 is divided by the body 15 into two flows which flow through the longitudinal duct 11 and the longitudinal duct 12 respectively.
- the liquid passes over the inlet ducts 9 and the exhaust ducts 10 and enters the circulation chamber 20 through the transverse passages 19, 17 and 18 so as to pass over the tops 3 of the combustion chambers, the tubular projections 4, 5 and 6, and the upper walls 9c, 10c of the inlet ducts 9 and exhaust ducts 10.
- the liquid is then discharged from the head 1 through the outlet 14.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
- Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
Description
- The present invention relates in general to cooling circuits for internal combustion engines for motor vehicles.
- More particularly, the invention is concerned with a cooling circuit according to the pre-characterising portion of claim 1, comprising a unitary head constituted by a body having a base wall which is intended to be applied to a cylinder block and defines the tops of combustion chambers from which sets of tubular projections project to define seats for inlet and exhaust valves and for spark plugs, as well as inlet and exhaust ducts which communicate with the valve seats and open into opposite sides of the head, ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid communicating with an inlet and an outlet, and an upper chamber for containing the liquid.
- In known heads of this type, the ducts for the circulation of the coolant liquid are normally constituted by holes which are intended to be put into communication with corresponding holes in the engine block to which the head is applied and which communicate with an outlet situated at one end of the head.
- For example, FR-A-2 225 628 shows a cooling-system for an engine, comprising a pair of longitudinal ducts provided in the cylinder block. The cylinder head is provided with a longitudinal circulation chamber and with a longitudinal bore which communicate with the ducts of the cylinder block by means of orifices provided on adjacent surfaces of the head and of the cylinder block. The longitudinal bore and the circulation chamber of the head communicate with each other by means of a transverse duct for each cylinder which passes between the tubular projections of the seats for inlet and exhaust valves.
- The known cooling circuits do not enable the flow of coolant liquid to be directed to specific areas within the head and the cooling is therefore not very effective. This disadvantage is particularly critical in the case of head for engines with four valves per cylinder, in which the cooling of the tubular projections defining the valve seats is generally ineffective and that of the tubular projections defining the seats for the spark plugs and the walls of the inlet and exhaust ducts is even more so.
- The object of the present invention is to avoid this disadvantage and to provide a head of the type defined at the beginning which is formed so as to enable a homogeneous temperature distribution in operation by means of effective cooling by the coolant liquid, particularly in the regions of the tops of the combustion chambers and the respective tubular projections for valves and spark plugs and for the walls of the inlet and exhaust ducts.
- According to the invention, this object is achieved by a cooling circuit according to claim 1.
- If the head is intended for application to engines having four valves per cylinder with each inlet and exhaust duct formed by two adjacent portions, the transverse passages conveniently include three passages for each exhaust duct, of which the central passage is situated between the two portions of the respective exhaust duct and each side passage is situated beside a respective portion of the exhaust duct, and at least two passages for each inlet duct situated beside respective portions of the inlet duct.
- The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the appended drawings, provided purely by way of non-limiting example, in which:
- Figure 1 is a partially-sectioned, schematic, partial perspective view of a head for an internal combustion engine according to the invention,
- Figure 2 is a section taken on the line II-II of Figure 1, on an enlarged scale, and
- Figure 3 is a section taken on the line III-III of Figure 1, on an enlarged scale.
- With reference to the drawings, part of a head for a multi-cylinder internal combustion engine for motor vehicles is generally indicated 1. In the embodiment illustrated, the head 1 is intended for application to an engine with controlled ignition and with four valves, two inlet valves and two exhaust valves, for each cylinder.
- The head 1 is constituted by a unitary body formed by a base wall 2 which is intended to be applied to the cylinder block and defines the top 3 of the combustion chamber of each cylinder. Two pairs of
tubular projections 4, 5 defining the respective seats for the inlet valves and exhaust valves, and an intermediate tubular projection 6 interposed between the two pairs ofprojections 4, 5 and defining the seat for a spark plug project from each top 3. - The head 1 is also formed with
bosses 7 for the insertion of the bolts for fixing it to the engine block and intermediate walls 8 (only one of which is visible in Figure 1) defining bearings for the rotation of a pair of camshafts. - The tubular projections 4 for the inlet valves communicate at their bases with
respective inlet ducts 9 which open into theside 1a of the head 1, and thetubular projections 5 for the exhaust valves communicate withrespective exhaust ducts 10 which open into the opposite side 1b of the head 1. Theupper walls exhaust ducts - As shown in greater detail in Figures 2 and 3, each
inlet duct 9 is formed by twoadjacent portions exhaust duct 10 is formed by twoadjacent portions tubular projections 5. - The head 1 is formed with internal passages for the circulation of a coolant liquid. According to the invention, these passages comprise two
longitudinal ducts respective sides 1a, 1b of the head 1 and communicating at one end 1c thereof with aninlet 13. - A double-
volute body 15 of a hydraulic pump is associated with theinlet 13 and is intended to be fitted to the end 1c of the head 1, whilst coolingfins 16 are formed at theother end 1d on opposite sides of an outlet for the coolant liquid. - The two
longitudinal ducts inlet ducts 9 and theexhaust ducts 10. - With reference in greater detail to Figure 3, three transverse passages are associated with the
longitudinal duct 12 situated on the exhaust side 1b of the head 1 in correspondence with and beneath eachexhaust duct 10. These three transverse passages comprise acentral passage 17 situated between theportions 10a of theexhaust duct 10 and twoside passages 18 one situated beside each of theportions 10a. - With reference in greater detail to Figure 2, two transverse passages are associated with the
longitudinal duct 11 in correspondence with and beneath eachinlet duct 9. These two transverse passages, indicated 19, are situated besiderespective portions 9a of theinlet duct 9. - The
transverse passages tubular projections 4, 5 and 6, theupper walls inlet ducts 9 and theexhaust ducts 10, and anupper chamber 21 for containing the coolant liquid. Theintermediate chamber 20 is connected to theoutlet 14 for the coolant liquid. - In operation, the coolant liquid supplied by the hydraulic pump to the
inlet 13 is divided by thebody 15 into two flows which flow through thelongitudinal duct 11 and thelongitudinal duct 12 respectively. The liquid passes over theinlet ducts 9 and theexhaust ducts 10 and enters thecirculation chamber 20 through thetransverse passages tubular projections 4, 5 and 6, and theupper walls inlet ducts 9 andexhaust ducts 10. The liquid is then discharged from the head 1 through theoutlet 14. - The paths described above are indicated by the arrows shown in the drawings.
Claims (4)
- A cooling circuit of a cylinder head for an internal combustion engine for motor vehicles, wherein the head is constituted by a body (1) having a substantially rectangular base wall (2) applied to a cylinder block, the body (1) defining:- tops (3) of combustion chambers from which sets of tubular projections (4, 5, 6) project to define seats for inlet and exhaust valves and for spark plugs,- inlet ducts (9) and exhaust ducts (10) which communicate with the valve seats,- a duct for the circulation of the coolant liquid communicating with an inlet and with a longitudinal circulation chamber (20) formed between the tops (3) of the combustion chambers and the tubular projections (4, 5, 6) for the valves and the spark plugs, the longitudinal circulation chamber (20) communicating with an outlet (14) for the coolant liquid situated in correspondence with a first side (1d) of the base wall (2),
the cooling circuit comprising a pump (15) for supplying coolant liquid to said inlet,
characterised in that the body has a unique inlet which is situated in correspondence with a second side (1c) of the base wall (2) opposite and substantially parallel to said first side (1d), the inlet communicating with two longitudinal ducts (11, 12) extending along a third (1a) and a fourth (1b) side of the base wall (2) and beneath the inlet and exhaust ducts (9, 10), respectively, the longitudinal ducts (11, 12) communicating with said longitudinal circulation chamber (20), which is situated in an intermediate position between the longitudinal ducts (11, 12), through a series of transverse passages (17, 18, 19) situated around the inlet and exhaust ducts (9, 10). - A cooling circuit according to Claim 1, characterised in that the transverse passages (17, 18, 19) are formed beneath the inlet and exhaust ducts (9, 10).
- A cooling circuit according to Claim 1, for engines with four valves per cylinder in which each inlet and exhaust duct (9, 10) is formed by two adjacent portions (9a, 9b; 10a, 10b), characterised in that the transverse passages include three passages (17, 18) for each exhaust duct (10), of which the central passage (17) is arranged between the two portions (10a, 10b) of the respective exhaust duct (10) and each side passage (18) is situated beside a respective portion (10a, 10b) of the exhaust duct (10), and at least two passages (19) for each inlet duct (9) situated beside respective portions (9a, 9b) of the inlet duct (9).
- A cooling circuit according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that it is formed with cooling fins (16) arranged beside the outlet (14).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT67203A IT1240140B (en) | 1990-03-20 | 1990-03-20 | HEAD FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FOR MOTOR VEHICLES |
IT6720390 | 1990-03-20 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0448525A1 EP0448525A1 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
EP0448525B1 true EP0448525B1 (en) | 1994-12-07 |
Family
ID=11300464
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91830091A Expired - Lifetime EP0448525B1 (en) | 1990-03-20 | 1991-03-12 | Cooling circuit of a cylinder head for internal combustion engine |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0448525B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE69105568T2 (en) |
IT (1) | IT1240140B (en) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
IT1280976B1 (en) * | 1995-10-17 | 1998-02-11 | Fiat Ricerche | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WITH DIESEL CYCLE, FOR CARS, DIRECT INJECTION |
FR2786815B1 (en) * | 1998-12-04 | 2001-01-05 | Renault Sport | CYLINDER HEADS OF LIQUID COOLED INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE |
JP4100279B2 (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2008-06-11 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | Cylinder head precooled engine |
JP4337851B2 (en) * | 2006-08-28 | 2009-09-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Cylinder head cooling water passage structure |
CN103291487B (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2015-06-03 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Cooling water system for cylinder heads of engine |
ES2703848A1 (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2019-03-12 | Frau Pedro Sabater | INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2619078A (en) * | 1947-06-30 | 1952-11-25 | Julius E Witzky | Cylinder head assembly for internal-combustion engines |
GB1468508A (en) * | 1973-04-12 | 1977-03-30 | Perkins Engines Ltd | Engine cooling system |
GB1564692A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1980-04-10 | Fiat Spa | Cooling circuit for the cylinder heat of an internal combustion engine |
DE8621654U1 (en) * | 1986-08-12 | 1986-09-25 | Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Cylinder head for a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine |
-
1990
- 1990-03-20 IT IT67203A patent/IT1240140B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1991
- 1991-03-12 EP EP91830091A patent/EP0448525B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-12 DE DE69105568T patent/DE69105568T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
IT9067203A1 (en) | 1991-09-20 |
EP0448525A1 (en) | 1991-09-25 |
DE69105568D1 (en) | 1995-01-19 |
IT9067203A0 (en) | 1990-03-20 |
IT1240140B (en) | 1993-11-27 |
DE69105568T2 (en) | 1995-04-13 |
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