EP0448422A1 - Rifle grenade for practice and instruction system for launching rifle grenades - Google Patents

Rifle grenade for practice and instruction system for launching rifle grenades Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0448422A1
EP0448422A1 EP91400398A EP91400398A EP0448422A1 EP 0448422 A1 EP0448422 A1 EP 0448422A1 EP 91400398 A EP91400398 A EP 91400398A EP 91400398 A EP91400398 A EP 91400398A EP 0448422 A1 EP0448422 A1 EP 0448422A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
warhead
tube
grenade according
exercise
practice
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Granted
Application number
EP91400398A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0448422B1 (en
Inventor
François Ambrosi
Pierre Laurent
Thierry Dupré
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Luchaire Defense SA
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Luchaire Defense SA
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Publication of EP0448422A1 publication Critical patent/EP0448422A1/en
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Publication of EP0448422B1 publication Critical patent/EP0448422B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B8/00—Practice or training ammunition
    • F42B8/12—Projectiles or missiles
    • F42B8/18—Rifle grenades

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exercise grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle.
  • a completely inert grenade comprises a metal tube provided with a rear stabilizing stabilizer and a solid front part which closes said tube, this front part carrying a hollow warhead containing an inert marking substance.
  • the marking substance contained in the hollow warhead can be plaster, barium sulphate or any other powdery or liquid product.
  • the invention also relates to a system for training in the shooting of rifle grenades, comprising the abovementioned exercise grenade and its associated launch cartridge.
  • the warhead is integral with the metal tube which is commonly called a sleeve tube, or a ball.
  • Exercise grenades comprising a cartridge tube, the interior of which has a bullet trap which absorbs the bullet from a real cartridge and which moreover requires the addition of propellant powder.
  • This bullet trap is destroyed with each shot, as well as the powder, so that no part of these grenades is recoverable.
  • these grenades are fired by means of a propellant cartridge which does not have the external form of a cartridge with real bullet, so that they are not usable in the magazines of the automatic rifles, nor assure a automatic resetting of these rifles.
  • the warhead ends with a rounded point.
  • This warhead has a relatively high conical shape, so that during an impact at a low angle of incidence, this warhead may not be broken. In this case, the location of the impact is not marked.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to create an exercise grenade whose warhead is liable to break, even during an impact at very low incidence and on very loose soil and without the massive front part of the tube being liable to '' be damaged by the shock after destruction of the warhead.
  • the invention thus relates to an exercise grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle, and a propellant cartridge, this grenade comprising a metal tube provided with a rear stabilization stabilizer and a solid front part which closes said tube, this front part carrying a hollow warhead containing a marking substance, this warhead being detachably fixed by fitting to the massive front part of the tube, this warhead being strong enough to support the shot, but being destructible on impact.
  • the massive front part of the tube is made in one piece with this tube, the diameter of this part being substantially equal to or slightly greater than the rest of the tube, in that the warhead fitted on this massive front part has an internal annular shoulder resting on the front surface of the massive part of the tube, and in that the front end of the warhead has a flat surface, this warhead being shaped so that its wall can break upon impact on the ground.
  • the exercise grenade according to the invention is thus inexpensive, since the most expensive part, that is to say the tube, can be recovered with each shot.
  • the massive front part of the tube gives it great mechanical resistance which allows it to absorb impact shocks.
  • this massive front part of the tube is capable of trapping a real bullet inadvertently fired. This massive part thus guarantees great security to soldiers during exercise.
  • the warhead has an outer wall having thinned areas.
  • said thinned areas consist of grooves made on the surface of the wall of the warhead.
  • said grooves extend in the longitudinal direction of the warhead.
  • the warhead has a rear end piece which fits on the massive part of the tube. This interlocking allows both the removal of the destroyed warhead to recover the tube and the replacement on the latter of a new warhead.
  • the warhead can be made in one piece, by molding in a frangible plastic material such as polystyrene.
  • the training grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle comprises a metal tube 1 provided with a rear stabilizing stabilizer 2 and a solid front part 3 which closes said tube .
  • This massive front part carries a hollow warhead 4 containing a marking substance 5.
  • the warhead 4 is removably attached to the massive front part 3 of the tube 1, this warhead 4 being sufficiently resistant to withstand firing, but being destructible on impact.
  • the tube 1 has for example a total length equal to 235 mm and a diameter equal to 33 mm.
  • the warhead 4 has a wall having thinned areas 6 formed by grooves made on the internal surface of the wall of the warhead 4 and in the longitudinal direction of the latter. At the level of these grooves 6, the number of which is equal to six in the example shown, the thickness of the wall of the warhead 4 is reduced substantially by half.
  • Figure 4 shows that the cross section of the grooves 6 is in an arc, the radius of curvature of which can be of the order of 4 mm.
  • Figure 5 shows on the other hand that the depth of the grooves 6 gradually increases from the rear to the front of the warhead 4 and stop at a certain distance from the front end 7 of the warhead.
  • the warhead 4 has a rear end piece 8 which fits onto the solid part 3 of the tube 1.
  • the thickness of the wall of this rear end piece 8 is greater than that of the wall of the front part 4 of the warhead.
  • the internal surface 8a of this end piece has a series of ribs 8b aligned in the axis of the warhead 4. These ribs 8b have a height of the order of a few tenths of a mm. These ribs 8b make it possible to center the warhead 4 with respect to the tube 1 and create air passages which avoid air compression when the endpiece 8 is engaged on the tube 1.
  • the front part 4 of the warhead has a slightly frustoconical shape.
  • the thickness of the wall of the latter gradually decreases between the large base and the small flat base which corresponds to the end 7 of the warhead of said frustoconical part.
  • This small flat base forms a sharp angle with the side wall of the warhead.
  • the warhead 4, including the rear end piece 8, is molded in one piece from relatively breakable plastic material such as polystyrene.
  • This plug or this plate 10 is made of flexible plastic material or not and is based on the shoulder 9 of the end piece 8. Depending on the case, they are fitted, glued or welded to this shoulder 9.
  • the tube 1 is made in a single piece of metal or alloy such as aluminum or other light alloy resistant to impact. It is designed so that it is capable of trapping a ball fired by mistake and of inflating the massive part 3 enough to alert the shooting officer in a visible and non-maskable manner of this error.
  • the tube is protected by a colored surface treatment which cracks under the action of the swelling above, thus creating a very visible ring.
  • the rear tail unit 2 of the tube 1 comprises a sleeve 14 carrying fins 15.
  • This sleeve 14 is mounted in an annular recess 16 formed at the rear of the tube 1 which axially retains the tail unit 2.
  • This empennage 2 is advantageously molded in a single piece of plastic.
  • Figure 1 shows that the bottom 17 of the tube 1 has an axial cavity 18 of dimension adapted to the end of a bale.
  • This cavity 18 has at its entrance a conical surface flared towards the outside which is extended towards the front of a cylindrical blind hole of diameter equal to 2 mm.
  • This cavity 18 is used to trap the bullet of a real cartridge fired by mistake, instead of a propellant cartridge without a bullet.
  • the exercise grenade just described has ballistic characteristics identical to that of a real grenade.
  • the warhead 4 bursts and the marking powder 5 spreads on the ground.
  • This bursting of the warhead 4 is the consequence of the choice of the material which constitutes it, the thickness of its wall, the presence of the weakening zones 6, the shape and the arrangement of these.
  • the tube 1 which is the most expensive part can be recovered to reconstitute a grenade ready to be used.
  • the removal of the latter is facilitated by the fact that the internal ribs 8b reduce the surface of friction with the end of the tube.
  • This operation can be carried out manually, without tools, on the very ground of the shooting.
  • the replacement of a new warhead on the tube can be carried out manually without any tools.
  • the shape and the arrangement of the weakening zones 6 on the warhead 4 can be modified.
  • the fixing by fitting of the warhead 4 on the end of the tube can be replaced by other means.
  • the tip 8 of the warhead could have an internal thread which can be manually screwed onto an external thread at the end of the tube.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)

Abstract

The practice grenade intended to be fired with a rifle comprises a metal tube (1) provided with stabilising tail fins (2) and a solid front section (3) which stops the said tube, this front section carrying a hollow nose cone (4) housing an inert marking substance (5). The nose cone (4) is fixed in a removable manner by fitment to the solid front section (3) of the tube (1), this nose cone (4) being sufficiently strong to withstand the firing but being destructible on impact. Use in order to be able to recover the tube after each firing. <IMAGE>

Description

La présente invention concerne une grenade d'exercice destinée à être tirée au moyen d'un fusil. Une telle grenade complètement inerte comprend un tube métallique pourvu d'un empennage arrière de stabilisation et d'une partie massive avant qui obture ledit tube, cette partie avant portant une ogive creuse renfermant une substance de marquage inerte.The present invention relates to an exercise grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle. Such a completely inert grenade comprises a metal tube provided with a rear stabilizing stabilizer and a solid front part which closes said tube, this front part carrying a hollow warhead containing an inert marking substance.

La substance de marquage contenue dans l'ogive creuse peut être du plâtre, du sulfate de baryum ou tout autre produit pulvérulent ou liquide.The marking substance contained in the hollow warhead can be plaster, barium sulphate or any other powdery or liquid product.

L'invention vise également un système d'instruction au tir de grenades à fusil, comprenant la grenade d'exercice précitée et sa cartouche de lancement associée.The invention also relates to a system for training in the shooting of rifle grenades, comprising the abovementioned exercise grenade and its associated launch cartridge.

Dans les réalisations connues, l'ogive est solidaire du tube métallique qui est communément appelé tube douille, ou encore boulet.In known embodiments, the warhead is integral with the metal tube which is commonly called a sleeve tube, or a ball.

A l'impact, l'ogive est détruite et la substance de marquage visualise celui-ci.On impact, the warhead is destroyed and the marking substance visualizes it.

On connaît des grenades d'exercice comportant un tube douille dont l'intérieur présente un piège à balle qui absorbe la balle d'une cartouche réelle et qui de plus nécessitent l'appoint de poudre propulsive.Exercise grenades are known comprising a cartridge tube, the interior of which has a bullet trap which absorbs the bullet from a real cartridge and which moreover requires the addition of propellant powder.

Ce piège à balle est détruit à chaque tir, ainsi que la poudre, de sorte qu'aucune partie de ces grenades n'est récupérable.This bullet trap is destroyed with each shot, as well as the powder, so that no part of these grenades is recoverable.

De telles grenades d'exercice sont par conséquent coûteuses.Such exercise grenades are therefore expensive.

De plus, de telles grenades d'exercice, du fait qu'elles nécessitent pour leur tir l'emploi de cartouches à balle, présentent un danger pour les personnels d'entraînement et exigent de très grands gabarits de sécurité pour le champ de tir.In addition, such training grenades, because they require the use of bullet cartridges for their shooting, present a danger to training personnel and require very large safety gauges for the shooting range.

On connaît d'autre part des grenades d'exercice pouvant être tirées avec des cartouches propulsives c'est-à-dire sans balle, mais ces grenades sont équipées d'un marqueur pyrotechnique.On the other hand, there are known practice grenades which can be fired with propellant cartridges, that is to say without a bullet, but these grenades are equipped with a pyrotechnic marker.

Ces grenades évitent ainsi les dangers précités liés à l'utilisation de cartouches à balle.These grenades thus avoid the aforementioned dangers linked to the use of bullet cartridges.

Toutefois, ces grenades d'exercice ne sont pas non plus récupérables, dans la mesure où le marqueur pyrotechnique doit être rechargé ce qui les rend également très onéreuses et en outre risque de provoquer des incendies en été dans les broussailles des champs de tir.However, these practice grenades are not recoverable either, insofar as the pyrotechnic marker must be recharged which also makes them very expensive and moreover risks causing fires in summer in the brush of the shooting ranges.

De plus, ces grenades sont tirées au moyen d'une cartouche propulsive qui ne présente pas la forme extérieure d'une cartouche à balle réelle, de sorte qu'elles ne sont pas utilisables dans les chargeurs des fusils automatiques, ni n'assurent un réarmement automatique de ces fusils.In addition, these grenades are fired by means of a propellant cartridge which does not have the external form of a cartridge with real bullet, so that they are not usable in the magazines of the automatic rifles, nor assure a automatic resetting of these rifles.

On connaît selon l'US-A-3 156 187 une grenade d'exercice dont l'ogive creuse renfermant la substance de marquage est emboîtée sur un bloc en caoutchouc de large section qui est fixé à l'avant du tube.According to US-A-3 156 187, an exercise grenade is known, the hollow warhead containing the marking substance is fitted onto a large section rubber block which is fixed to the front of the tube.

L'ogive se termine par une pointe arrondie. Cette ogive présente une forme conique d'angle relativement élevé, de sorte que lors d'un impact suivant un angle d'incidence faible, cette ogive risque de ne pas être cassée. Dans ce cas, l'endroit de l'impact n'est pas marqué.The warhead ends with a rounded point. This warhead has a relatively high conical shape, so that during an impact at a low angle of incidence, this warhead may not be broken. In this case, the location of the impact is not marked.

Le but de la présente invention est de créer une grenade d'exercice dont l'ogive est susceptible de casser, même lors d'un impact sous très faible incidence et sur un sol très meuble et sans que la partie avant massive du tube risque d'être abîmée sous l'effet du choc après destruction de l'ogive.The purpose of the present invention is to create an exercise grenade whose warhead is liable to break, even during an impact at very low incidence and on very loose soil and without the massive front part of the tube being liable to '' be damaged by the shock after destruction of the warhead.

L'invention vise ainsi une grenade d'exercice destinée à être tirée au moyen d'un fusil, et d'une cartouche propulsive, cette grenade comprenant un tube métallique pourvu d'un empennage arrière de stabilisation et d'une partie massive avant qui obture ledit tube, cette partie avant portant une ogive creuse renfermant une substance de marquage, cette ogive étant fixée de façon amovible par emboîtement à la partie massive avant du tube, cette ogive étant suffisamment résistante pour supporter le tir, mais étant destructible à l'impact.The invention thus relates to an exercise grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle, and a propellant cartridge, this grenade comprising a metal tube provided with a rear stabilization stabilizer and a solid front part which closes said tube, this front part carrying a hollow warhead containing a marking substance, this warhead being detachably fixed by fitting to the massive front part of the tube, this warhead being strong enough to support the shot, but being destructible on impact.

Suivant l'invention, la partie avant massive du tube est réalisée d'une seule pièce avec ce tube, le diamètre de cette partie étant sensiblement égal ou légèrement supérieur au reste du tube, en ce que l'ogive emboîtée sur cette partie avant massive comporte un épaulement annulaire interne prenant appui sur la surface avant de la partie massive du tube, et en ce que l'extrémité avant de l'ogive présente une surface plane, cette ogive étant conformée pour que sa paroi puisse se casser lors de son impact au sol.According to the invention, the massive front part of the tube is made in one piece with this tube, the diameter of this part being substantially equal to or slightly greater than the rest of the tube, in that the warhead fitted on this massive front part has an internal annular shoulder resting on the front surface of the massive part of the tube, and in that the front end of the warhead has a flat surface, this warhead being shaped so that its wall can break upon impact on the ground.

Ainsi, après l'impact, il est possible d'enlever facilement l'ogive détruite, du tube, de sorte que celui-ci peut être récupéré. Au tube ainsi récupéré, on peut monter une ogive neuve pour obtenir une grenade d'exercice prête à être utilisée.Thus, after the impact, it is possible to easily remove the destroyed warhead, from the tube, so that it can be recovered. To the tube thus recovered, a new warhead can be mounted to obtain an exercise grenade ready to be used.

La grenade d'exercice selon l'invention est ainsi peu onéreuse, puisque la partie la plus coûteuse, c'est-à-dire le tube, peut être récupérée à chaque tir.The exercise grenade according to the invention is thus inexpensive, since the most expensive part, that is to say the tube, can be recovered with each shot.

La partie massive avant du tube confère à celui-ci une grande résistance mécanique qui lui permet d'encaisser les chocs à l'impact. De plus, cette partie massive avant du tube est capable de piéger une balle réelle tirée par inadvertance. Cette partie massive garantit ainsi une grande sécurité aux soldats en cours d'exercice.The massive front part of the tube gives it great mechanical resistance which allows it to absorb impact shocks. In addition, this massive front part of the tube is capable of trapping a real bullet inadvertently fired. This massive part thus guarantees great security to soldiers during exercise.

Par ailleurs, lors de l'impact, l'avant de la partie massive du tube ne risque pas d'être abîmée grâce à l'épaulement annulaire interne de l'ogive qui la protège.Furthermore, during the impact, the front of the massive part of the tube is not likely to be damaged by to the internal annular shoulder of the warhead which protects it.

D'autre part, étant donné que l'avant de l'ogive comporte une surface plane, lors de l'impact celle-ci transmettra à l'ogive un effort de compression axiale qui engendrera sa destruction, même si l'angle d'incidence est très faible et si le sol est très meuble.On the other hand, since the front of the warhead has a flat surface, upon impact it will transmit to the warhead an axial compression force which will cause its destruction, even if the angle of incidence is very low and if the soil is very loose.

Selon une version avantageuse de l'invention, l'ogive comporte une paroi extérieure présentant des zones amincies.According to an advantageous version of the invention, the warhead has an outer wall having thinned areas.

Ces zones amincies fragilisent la paroi de l'ogive, de sorte que celle-ci peut éclater facilement lors de son impact, même sur un sol meuble. Grâce à ces zones de fragilisation, l'ogive est détruite d'une manière telle que le tube peut être facilement récupéré.These thinned areas weaken the wall of the warhead, so that it can burst easily on impact, even on loose soil. Thanks to these weakening zones, the warhead is destroyed in such a way that the tube can be easily recovered.

Selon une version préférée de l'invention, lesdites zones amincies sont constituées par des rainures réalisées sur la surface de la paroi de l'ogive.According to a preferred version of the invention, said thinned areas consist of grooves made on the surface of the wall of the warhead.

De préférence, lesdites rainures s'étendent dans la direction longitudinale de l'ogive.Preferably, said grooves extend in the longitudinal direction of the warhead.

Selon une réalisation préférée de l'invention, l'ogive comporte un embout arrière qui s'emboîte sur la partie massive du tube. Cet emboîtement permet à la fois l'enlèvement de l'ogive détruite pour récupérer le tube et la remise en place sur ce dernier d'une ogive neuve.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the warhead has a rear end piece which fits on the massive part of the tube. This interlocking allows both the removal of the destroyed warhead to recover the tube and the replacement on the latter of a new warhead.

L'ogive peut être réalisée d'une seule pièce, par moulage dans une matière plastique cassable telle que du polystyrène.The warhead can be made in one piece, by molding in a frangible plastic material such as polystyrene.

D'autres particularités et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront encore dans la description ci-après.Other features and advantages of the invention will appear in the description below.

Aux dessins annexés, donnés à titre d'exemples non limitatifs :

  • la figure 1 est une vue en plan de la grenade d'exercice selon l'invention, avec coupes longitudinales partielles du tube et de l'ogive ;
  • la figure 2 est une vue en bout de la grenade, côté empennage ;
  • la figure 3 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de l'ogive ;
  • la figure 4 est une vue en coupe, à échelle agrandie suivant le plan IV-IV de la figure 3 ;
  • la figure 5 est une vue, à échelle agrandie du détail A de la figure 3.
In the appended drawings, given by way of nonlimiting examples:
  • Figure 1 is a plan view of the exercise grenade according to the invention, with partial longitudinal sections of the tube and the warhead;
  • Figure 2 is an end view of the grenade, tail side;
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the warhead;
  • Figure 4 is a sectional view, on an enlarged scale along the plane IV-IV of Figure 3;
  • FIG. 5 is a view, on an enlarged scale, of the detail A of FIG. 3.

Dans la réalisation de la figure 1, la grenade d'exercice destinée à être tirée au moyen d'un fusil, comprend un tube métallique 1 pourvu d'un empennage arrière de stabilisation 2 et d'une partie massive avant 3 qui obture ledit tube. Cette partie avant massive porte une ogive creuse 4 renfermant une substance de marquage 5.In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the training grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle, comprises a metal tube 1 provided with a rear stabilizing stabilizer 2 and a solid front part 3 which closes said tube . This massive front part carries a hollow warhead 4 containing a marking substance 5.

Conformément à l'invention, l'ogive 4 est fixée de façon amovible à la partie massive avant 3 du tube 1, cette ogive 4 étant suffisamment résistante pour supporter le tir, mais étant destructible à l'impact.According to the invention, the warhead 4 is removably attached to the massive front part 3 of the tube 1, this warhead 4 being sufficiently resistant to withstand firing, but being destructible on impact.

Le tube 1 a par exemple une longueur totale égale à 235 mm et un diamètre égal à 33 mm.The tube 1 has for example a total length equal to 235 mm and a diameter equal to 33 mm.

On voit sur la figure 3 que l'ogive 4 comporte une paroi présentant des zones amincies 6 constituées par des rainures réalisées sur la surface interne de la paroi de l'ogive 4 et dans la direction longitudinale de cette dernière. Au niveau de ces rainures 6 dont le nombre est égal à six dans l'exemple représenté, l'épaisseur de la paroi de l'ogive 4 est réduite sensiblement de moitié.We see in Figure 3 that the warhead 4 has a wall having thinned areas 6 formed by grooves made on the internal surface of the wall of the warhead 4 and in the longitudinal direction of the latter. At the level of these grooves 6, the number of which is equal to six in the example shown, the thickness of the wall of the warhead 4 is reduced substantially by half.

Par ailleurs, la figure 4 montre que la section transversale des rainures 6 est en arc de cercle dont le rayon de courbure peut être de l'ordre de 4 mm.Furthermore, Figure 4 shows that the cross section of the grooves 6 is in an arc, the radius of curvature of which can be of the order of 4 mm.

La figure 5 montre d'autre part que la profondeur des rainures 6 augmente progressivement de l'arrière vers l'avant de l'ogive 4 et s'arrêtent à une certaine distance de l'extrémité avant 7 de l'ogive.Figure 5 shows on the other hand that the depth of the grooves 6 gradually increases from the rear to the front of the warhead 4 and stop at a certain distance from the front end 7 of the warhead.

Dans l'exemple représenté sur les figures 1 et 3, l'ogive 4 comporte un embout arrière 8 qui s'emboîte sur la partie massive 3 du tube 1.In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, the warhead 4 has a rear end piece 8 which fits onto the solid part 3 of the tube 1.

L'épaisseur de la paroi de cet embout arrière 8 est supérieure à celle de la paroi de la partie avant 4 de l'ogive.The thickness of the wall of this rear end piece 8 is greater than that of the wall of the front part 4 of the warhead.

Pour faciliter notamment l'emboîtement de l'embout 8 de l'ogive 4 sur la partie avant massive 3 du tube, la surface interne 8a de cet embout présente une série de nervures 8b alignées dans l'axe de l'ogive 4. Ces nervures 8b ont une hauteur de l'ordre de quelques dixièmes de mm. Ces nervures 8b permettent de bien centrer l'ogive 4 par rapport au tube 1 et créent des passages d'air qui évitent une compression d'air lors de l'engagement de l'embout 8 sur le tube 1.To facilitate in particular the fitting of the end piece 8 of the warhead 4 on the solid front part 3 of the tube, the internal surface 8a of this end piece has a series of ribs 8b aligned in the axis of the warhead 4. These ribs 8b have a height of the order of a few tenths of a mm. These ribs 8b make it possible to center the warhead 4 with respect to the tube 1 and create air passages which avoid air compression when the endpiece 8 is engaged on the tube 1.

De plus, la partie avant 4 de l'ogive a une forme légèrement tronconique. L'épaisseur de la paroi de cette dernière diminue progressivement entre la grande base et la petite base plane qui correspond à l'extrémité 7 de l'ogive de ladite partie tronconique. Cette petite base plane forme une arête à angle vif avec la paroi latérale de l'ogive.In addition, the front part 4 of the warhead has a slightly frustoconical shape. The thickness of the wall of the latter gradually decreases between the large base and the small flat base which corresponds to the end 7 of the warhead of said frustoconical part. This small flat base forms a sharp angle with the side wall of the warhead.

Dans l'exemple représenté, l'ogive 4, y compris l'embout arrière 8, est moulée d'une seule pièce en matière plastique relativement cassable telle que du polystyrène.In the example shown, the warhead 4, including the rear end piece 8, is molded in one piece from relatively breakable plastic material such as polystyrene.

La surface interne 8a (voir figure 3) de l'embout arrière 8 de l'ogive 4, destinée à être emboîtée sur la partie massive 3 du tube 1 présente à son extrémité adjacente à l'ogive proprement dite, un épaulement annulaire 9 sur lequel s'appuie un bouchon amovible ou non ou encore une plaque d'obturation 10 (voir figure 1).The internal surface 8a (see FIG. 3) of the rear end piece 8 of the warhead 4, intended to be fitted onto the solid part 3 of the tube 1 present at its end adjacent to the warhead proper, an annular shoulder 9 on which is supported by a removable plug or not or a closure plate 10 (see Figure 1).

Ce bouchon ou cette plaque 10 est réalisé en matière plastique souple ou non et s'appuie sur l'épaulement 9 de l'embout 8. Suivant le cas, ils sont emboîtés, collés ou soudés sur cet épaulement 9.This plug or this plate 10 is made of flexible plastic material or not and is based on the shoulder 9 of the end piece 8. Depending on the case, they are fitted, glued or welded to this shoulder 9.

Le tube 1 est réalisé d'une seule pièce en métal ou alliage tel que de l'aluminium ou autre alliage léger résistant aux chocs. Il est réalisé de telle sorte qu'il soit capable de piéger une balle tirée par erreur et de gonfler suffisamment la partie massive 3 pour alerter de façon visible et non masquable l'officier de tir de cette erreur. En outre, le tube est protégé par un traitement de surface coloré qui se craquelle sous l'action du gonflement ci-dessus créant ainsi un anneau très visible.The tube 1 is made in a single piece of metal or alloy such as aluminum or other light alloy resistant to impact. It is designed so that it is capable of trapping a ball fired by mistake and of inflating the massive part 3 enough to alert the shooting officer in a visible and non-maskable manner of this error. In addition, the tube is protected by a colored surface treatment which cracks under the action of the swelling above, thus creating a very visible ring.

Comme on le voit sur la figure 1, l'empennage arrière 2 du tube 1 comprend un manchon 14 portant des ailettes 15. Ce manchon 14 est monté dans un évidement annulaire 16 ménagé à l'arrière du tube 1 qui retient axialement l'empennage 2.As can be seen in FIG. 1, the rear tail unit 2 of the tube 1 comprises a sleeve 14 carrying fins 15. This sleeve 14 is mounted in an annular recess 16 formed at the rear of the tube 1 which axially retains the tail unit 2.

Cet empennage 2 est avantageusement moulé d'une seule pièce en matière plastique.This empennage 2 is advantageously molded in a single piece of plastic.

Par ailleurs, la figure 1 montre que le fond 17 du tube 1 présente une cavité axiale 18 de dimension adaptée à l'extrémité d'une balle. Cette cavité 18 présente à son entrée une surface conique évasée vers l'extérieur qui est prolongée,vers l'avant d'un trou borgne cylindrique de diamètre égal à 2 mm. Cette cavité 18 sert à piéger la balle d'une cartouche réelle tirée par erreur, au lieu d'une cartouche propulsive sans balle.Furthermore, Figure 1 shows that the bottom 17 of the tube 1 has an axial cavity 18 of dimension adapted to the end of a bale. This cavity 18 has at its entrance a conical surface flared towards the outside which is extended towards the front of a cylindrical blind hole of diameter equal to 2 mm. This cavity 18 is used to trap the bullet of a real cartridge fired by mistake, instead of a propellant cartridge without a bullet.

L'ogive 4 de la grenade d'exercice selon l'invention peut, à titre d'exemple, présenter les caractéristiques suivantes :

  • nature de la matière : polystyrène
  • longueur : 140 mm
  • diamètre interne de l'embout 8 : 33 mm
  • épaisseur de la paroi de l'ogive :
       maximum 3 mm
       minimum 1,5 mm
  • profondeur des rainures 6 : 0,75 mm
  • longueur des rainures 6 : 60 mm
The warhead 4 of the exercise grenade according to the invention can, by way of example, have the following characteristics:
  • nature of the material: polystyrene
  • length: 140 mm
  • internal diameter of the nozzle 8: 33 mm
  • thickness of the warhead wall:
    maximum 3 mm
    minimum 1.5 mm
  • depth of grooves 6: 0.75 mm
  • length of grooves 6: 60 mm

La grenade d'exercice que l'on vient de décrire présente des caractéristiques balistiques identiques à celle d'une grenade réelle.The exercise grenade just described has ballistic characteristics identical to that of a real grenade.

Malgré la relative fragilité de l'ogive 4, celle-ci résiste à la forte accélération qu'elle subit lors du tir.Despite the relative fragility of the warhead 4, it resists the strong acceleration it undergoes when fired.

Lors de cette accélération, les efforts sont essentiellement encaissés par l'épaulement interne 9 de l'embout 8 sur lequel vient s'appuyer le rebord 11 du bouchon ou la plaque 10 et l'extrémité avant 3a de la partie massive 3 du tube. Cet épaulement 9 associé à une paroi d'épaisseur relativement importante de l'embout 8 permettent à l'ogive 4 de résister au tir et protège aussi la partie massive 3 lors de l'impact sur une cible massive très dure.During this acceleration, the forces are essentially collected by the internal shoulder 9 of the end piece 8 on which the flange 11 of the plug or the plate 10 and the front end 3a of the solid part 3 of the tube comes to bear. This shoulder 9 associated with a relatively thick wall of the nozzle 8 allow the warhead 4 to resist firing and also protects the massive part 3 on impact on a very hard massive target.

A l'impact de la grenade sur un sol même meuble, l'ogive 4 éclate et la poudre de marquage 5 se répand sur le sol.Upon impact of the grenade on even loose soil, the warhead 4 bursts and the marking powder 5 spreads on the ground.

Cet éclatement de l'ogive 4 est la conséquence du choix de la matière qui la constitue, de l'épaisseur de sa paroi, de la présence des zones de fragilisation 6, de la forme et de la disposition de celles-ci.This bursting of the warhead 4 is the consequence of the choice of the material which constitutes it, the thickness of its wall, the presence of the weakening zones 6, the shape and the arrangement of these.

Après l'impact de la grenade, le tube 1 qui est la partie la plus coûteuse peut être récupéré pour reconstituer une grenade prête à être utilisée. A cet effet, il suffit d'enlever la partie de l'ogive 4 restant en place sur le tube, à savoir l'embout 8. L'enlèvement de celui-ci est facilité du fait que les nervures internes 8b réduisent la surface de friction avec l'extrémité du tube.After the impact of the grenade, the tube 1 which is the most expensive part can be recovered to reconstitute a grenade ready to be used. For this purpose, it suffices to remove the part of the warhead 4 remaining in place on the tube, namely the nozzle 8. The removal of the latter is facilitated by the fact that the internal ribs 8b reduce the surface of friction with the end of the tube.

Cette opération peut être réalisée manuellement, sans outil, sur le terrain même du tir.This operation can be carried out manually, without tools, on the very ground of the shooting.

De même, la remise en place d'une ogive neuve sur le tube peut être réalisée manuellement sans aucun outil.Similarly, the replacement of a new warhead on the tube can be carried out manually without any tools.

Bien entendu, l'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple de réalisation que l'on vient de décrire et on peut apporter à celui-ci de nombreuses modifications sans sortir du cadre de l'invention.Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described and many modifications can be made to it without departing from the scope of the invention.

Ainsi, la forme et la disposition des zones de fragilisation 6 sur l'ogive 4 peuvent être modifiées.Thus, the shape and the arrangement of the weakening zones 6 on the warhead 4 can be modified.

De même, la fixation par emboîtement de l'ogive 4 sur l'extrémité du tube peut être remplacée par d'autres moyens.Similarly, the fixing by fitting of the warhead 4 on the end of the tube can be replaced by other means.

Ainsi, l'embout 8 de l'ogive pourrait comporter un filetage interne pouvant être vissé manuellement sur un filetage externe de l'extrémité du tube.Thus, the tip 8 of the warhead could have an internal thread which can be manually screwed onto an external thread at the end of the tube.

Claims (18)

Grenade d'exercice totalement inerte destinée à être tirée au moyen d'un fusil, et d'une cartouche propulsive, comprenant un tube métallique (1) pourvu d'un empennage arrière (2) de stabilisation et d'une partie massive avant (3) qui obture ledit tube, cette partie avant (3) portant une ogive creuse (4) renfermant une substance de marquage (5), cette ogive (4) étant fixée de façon amovible par emboîtement à la partie massive avant (3) du tube, cette ogive (4) étant suffisamment résistante pour supporter le tir, mais étant destructible à l'impact, caractérisée en ce que la partie avant massive (3) du tube est réalisée d'une seule pièce avec ce tube, le diamètre de cette partie étant sensiblement égal ou légèrement supérieur au reste du tube, en ce que l'ogive (4) emboîtée sur cette partie avant massive comporte un épaulement annulaire interne (11) prenant appui sur la surface avant (3a) de la partie massive (3) du tube, et en ce que l'extrémité avant de l'ogive (4) présente une surface plane (7), cette ogive (4) étant conformée pour que sa paroi puisse se casser lors de son impact au sol.Totally inert exercise grenade intended to be fired by means of a rifle, and a propellant cartridge, comprising a metal tube (1) provided with a rear stabilizer (2) and a solid front part ( 3) which closes said tube, this front part (3) carrying a hollow warhead (4) containing a marking substance (5), this warhead (4) being detachably fixed by interlocking to the solid front part (3) of the tube, this warhead (4) being strong enough to support the shot, but being destructible on impact, characterized in that the massive front part (3) of the tube is made in one piece with this tube, the diameter of this part being substantially equal to or slightly greater than the rest of the tube, in that the warhead (4) fitted onto this solid front part comprises an internal annular shoulder (11) bearing on the front surface (3a) of the solid part ( 3) of the tube, and in that the front end of the warhead (4) has a flat surface (7), this warhead (4) being shaped so that its wall can break when it strikes the ground. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ogive (4) est fixée au tube (1) par des moyens permettant d'enlever manuellement l'ogive détruite et de remettre en place une ogive neuve, à tout moment, en particulier sur le terrain de tir.Practice grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead (4) is fixed to the tube (1) by means making it possible to manually remove the destroyed warhead and to replace a new warhead, at all moment, especially on the shooting range. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ogive (4) comporte une paroi présentant des zones amincies (6).Exercise grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead (4) has a wall having thinned zones (6). Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que lesdites zones amincies (6) sont constituées par des rainures réalisées sur la surface de la paroi de l'ogive.Exercise grenade according to claim 3, characterized in that said thinned areas (6) consist of grooves made on the surface of the wall of the warhead. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que lesdites rainures (6) s'étendent dans la direction longitudinale de l'ogive.Exercise grenade according to claim 4, characterized in that said grooves (6) extend in the longitudinal direction of the warhead. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que l'ogive (4) comporte un embout arrière (8) qui s'emboîte sur la partie massive (3) du tube.Practice grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead (4) has a rear end piece (8) which fits onto the solid part (3) of the tube. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que l'épaisseur de la paroi de l'embout arrière (8) est supérieure à celle de la partie avant de l'ogive (4).Practice grenade according to claim 6, characterized in that the thickness of the wall of the rear end piece (8) is greater than that of the front part of the warhead (4). Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que la partie avant de l'ogive (4) a une forme sensiblement tronconique, l'épaisseur de la paroi de cette dernière diminuant progressivement entre la grande base et la petite base de ladite partie tronconique.Practice grenade according to claim 7, characterized in that the front part of the warhead (4) has a substantially frustoconical shape, the thickness of the wall of the latter gradually decreasing between the large base and the small base of said frustoconical part. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que l'ogive (4) est moulée d'une seule pièce en matière plastique.Exercise grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the warhead (4) is molded in one piece from plastic. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 9, caractérisée en ce que ladite matière plastique est du polystyrène.Exercise grenade according to claim 9, characterized in that said plastic material is polystyrene. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 6 , caractérisée en ce que la surface interne de l'embout arrière (8) de l'ogive (4), destinée à être emboîtée sur la partie massive (3) du tube (1) présente à son extrémité adjacente à l'ogive proprement dite, un épaulement annulaire (9) sur lequel s'appuie un bouchon ou plaque de fermeture (10).Practice grenade according to claim 6, characterized in that the internal surface of the rear end piece (8) of the warhead (4), intended to be fitted onto the solid part (3) of the tube (1) has at its end adjacent to the actual warhead, an annular shoulder (9) on which rests a plug or closure plate (10). Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le tube (1) est réalisé d'une seule pièce en métal.Exercise grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the tube (1) is made in one piece of metal. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que la partie massive (3) du tube est suffisamment résistante pour arrêter la balle d'une cartouche réelle tirée par erreur.Exercise grenade according to claim 12, characterized in that the part massive (3) of the tube is strong enough to stop the bullet from a real cartridge fired by mistake. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 1 , caractérisée en ce que le fond (17) du tube (1) présente une cavité axiale (18) de dimension adaptée à l'extrémité d'une balle.Practice grenade according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom (17) of the tube (1) has an axial cavity (18) of dimension adapted to the end of a ball. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 14, caractérisée en ce que la géométrie et la nature du métal de la partie massive (3) et la forme de la cavité (18) sont telles que la partie massive (3) puisse gonfler sous l'effet de l'impact d'une balle réelle.Exercise grenade according to claim 14, characterized in that the geometry and the nature of the metal of the solid part (3) and the shape of the cavity (18) are such that the solid part (3) can swell under the effect of the impact of a live bullet. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 15, caractérisée en ce que le tube et sa partie massive (3) sont recouverts d'un revêtement susceptible de se craqueler sous l'action du gonflement précité et de créer ainsi un anneau visible.Exercise grenade according to claim 15, characterized in that the tube and its solid part (3) are covered with a coating capable of cracking under the action of the aforementioned swelling and thus creating a visible ring. Grenade d'exercice conforme à la revendication 12, caractérisée en ce que l'empennage arrière (2) du tube, comprend un manchon (14) portant des ailettes (15), ce manchon étant emboîté sur l'arrière du tube (1).Practice grenade according to claim 12, characterized in that the rear tail (2) of the tube, comprises a sleeve (14) carrying fins (15), this sleeve being fitted on the rear of the tube (1) . Système d'instruction au tir de grenades à fusil comprenant une grenade d'exercice conforme à la des revendication 1 et une cartouche de lancement, à collet associé, permettant un fonctionnement automatique du fusil équipé d'un chargeur pour cartouches réelles.A rifle grenade training system comprising an exercise grenade according to claim 1 and a launch cartridge, with associated collar, allowing automatic operation of the rifle equipped with a magazine for real cartridges.
EP19910400398 1990-02-21 1991-02-15 Rifle grenade for practice and instruction system for launching rifle grenades Expired - Lifetime EP0448422B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9002116 1990-02-21
FR9002116A FR2658599B1 (en) 1990-02-21 1990-02-21 SHOTGUN OF SHOOTING RIFLE AND RIFLE SHOOTING INSTRUCTION SYSTEM.

Publications (2)

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EP0448422A1 true EP0448422A1 (en) 1991-09-25
EP0448422B1 EP0448422B1 (en) 1994-03-16

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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EP (1) EP0448422B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0618198A (en)
FR (1) FR2658599B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004017466A1 (en) * 2004-04-08 2005-11-03 Nico-Pyrotechnik Hanns-Jürgen Diederichs GmbH & Co. KG Projectile with marking of the impact point
DE102007016488B3 (en) * 2007-04-05 2009-01-22 Diehl Bgt Defence Gmbh & Co. Kg Penetallable projectile

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR976002A (en) * 1947-08-01 1951-03-13 Fu R Die Entwicklung Von Erfin Exercise projectile
US3156187A (en) * 1962-04-16 1964-11-10 Energa Rifle-grenades
BE662881A (en) * 1964-04-23 1965-08-17
DE1199660B (en) * 1963-04-05 1965-08-26 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Blind storey
FR2468948A1 (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-05-08 Alsetex Fired practice rounds counter and display - uses inertia to compress spring and to rotate disc using sawtooth surfaces under inertia and spring force
EP0270781A2 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-15 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Training ammunition

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR976002A (en) * 1947-08-01 1951-03-13 Fu R Die Entwicklung Von Erfin Exercise projectile
US3156187A (en) * 1962-04-16 1964-11-10 Energa Rifle-grenades
DE1199660B (en) * 1963-04-05 1965-08-26 Karlsruhe Augsburg Iweka Blind storey
BE662881A (en) * 1964-04-23 1965-08-17
FR2468948A1 (en) * 1979-11-05 1981-05-08 Alsetex Fired practice rounds counter and display - uses inertia to compress spring and to rotate disc using sawtooth surfaces under inertia and spring force
EP0270781A2 (en) * 1986-12-11 1988-06-15 Piepenbrock Pyrotechnik Gmbh Training ammunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2658599B1 (en) 1994-06-17
EP0448422B1 (en) 1994-03-16
FR2658599A1 (en) 1991-08-23
JPH0618198A (en) 1994-01-25

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