EP0446824B1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Heat exchanger Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0446824B1
EP0446824B1 EP91103650A EP91103650A EP0446824B1 EP 0446824 B1 EP0446824 B1 EP 0446824B1 EP 91103650 A EP91103650 A EP 91103650A EP 91103650 A EP91103650 A EP 91103650A EP 0446824 B1 EP0446824 B1 EP 0446824B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
diameter
tulip
bent tube
pipe
tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP91103650A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0446824A2 (en
EP0446824A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Raith
Harald Rapp
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Mahle Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Behr GmbH and Co KG
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0446824A2 publication Critical patent/EP0446824A2/en
Publication of EP0446824A3 publication Critical patent/EP0446824A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0446824B1 publication Critical patent/EP0446824B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F9/04—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates
    • F28F9/16—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling
    • F28F9/18—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding
    • F28F9/182—Arrangements for sealing elements into header boxes or end plates by permanent joints, e.g. by rolling by welding the heat-exchange conduits having ends with a particular shape, e.g. deformed; the heat-exchange conduits or end plates having supplementary joining means, e.g. abutments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/26—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators
    • F28F9/262—Arrangements for connecting different sections of heat-exchange elements, e.g. of radiators for radiators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular as an evaporator and / or condenser of an air conditioning system, which has tubes which are guided through fins, the ends of which are tightly connected to one another via U-shaped tube bends, the ends of the tubes as tube tulips having at least two cylindrical, different in diameter Areas and an intermediate transition area are widened, the tube tulips receiving the ends of the pipe bends and being soldered to them, preferably using ultrasound, and venting channels are provided for venting the solder gap between the pipe tulip and the end of the pipe bend.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a reliable soldered connection between the pipe and the pipe bend can be achieved with little production outlay.
  • the invention provides a heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 1 and 2.
  • This bulge or bulges can advantageously be produced in one operation at the same time as the tube is widened in the region of the side part and the fins and the tube tulip.
  • the pipe bend ends do not have to be machined at all, so that a significant simplification of manufacture is achieved with reliable solder gap ventilation.
  • a particularly reliable venting of the solder gap can be achieved in that the end of the tube bend soldered into the tube tulip only partially covers the bulge or bulges.
  • the widened, the fins and possibly a side part cylindrical portion of the tube is smaller in diameter than the smallest inner diameter of the area of the tube tulip having bulges or bulges, the widening of the tube ends can produce the bulge or bulges and the tube tulip is formed in one work step with one tool, particularly efficiently and time-saving, if necessary fully automatically.
  • the tubular tulip in the area of the bulges can have a rounded, symmetrical polygonal cross-section (equilateral polygon), preferably a triangular cross-section, the smallest inside diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the pipe bend end.
  • the smallest inside diameter of the region of the tube tulip having the bulges can be slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the tube bend end, in order to obtain resilient clamping points for securely holding the tube bend before and during soldering.
  • a device for shaping the tubular tulip and simultaneous production of the ventilation channel or channels can particularly advantageously have a mandrel rod, at the free end of which, rotationally symmetrically to the mandrel rod axis, an expanding body with a spherical contour is provided, at least in the region of its outer diameter, the largest diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the lamellae and, if applicable .
  • a polygonal ring being guided on the mandrel bar, displaceable up to the expansion body, the smallest diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the pipe bend end, a rotationally symmetrical punch with a circular cross section being displaceably guided on the mandrel bar above the polygonal ring.
  • the expansion body can have two circular truncated cone surfaces which merge into one another via a rounding, the base surfaces of which are directed towards one another.
  • the polygon ring can have a cylindrical shape parallel to the mandrel rod, the end on the expander body being provided with a contour transition bevel through which the polygon cross section merges into a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pipe bend end.
  • the punch which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the mandrel bar, can have an adaptation bevel at its lower end, along the length of which a change in diameter from the diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pipe bend end to the diameter corresponding to the diameter of the soldering gap.
  • the punch in its upper end region can be provided with a steady transition with an increase in diameter in order to widen the free end of the tube forming the tube tulip somewhat.
  • the heat exchanger shown partly in section in FIG. 1 has fins 2 penetrated by a tube 1 and a side part 3 likewise penetrated by the tube 1.
  • the end of the tube 1 is deformed into a tube tulip 4, so that the end of the tube 1 has three diameter ranges 5.5 ', 5''.
  • the pipe tulip 4 is soldered with its end 6 a pipe bend 7.
  • the soldering is carried out by dip soldering with the aid of ultrasound.
  • bulges 9 acting as ventilation channels are provided in the middle region 5 'distributed around the circumference, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4.
  • the end 6 of the pipe bend 7 is only partially covered by the bulges 9, so that the inside of the pipe has a connection to the outside when soldering and so the solder gap 8 is vented in both directions along the pipe bend 7.
  • the smallest diameter of the central region 5 'of the tubular tulip 4 corresponds to the outer diameter of the end 6 of the tubular elbow 7, a tight fit being sought by a small undersize, through which the tubular elbow 7 sits firmly in the tubular tulip 4 during assembly and protrudes does not allow the soldering process to be delayed by its own weight or by vibrations.
  • the largest diameter of the bulges 9 in the area 5 ′ is somewhat smaller than the tubular tulip diameter 5 ′′ in the area of the solder gap 8.
  • the bulge 9 gives the tubular tulip 4 a polygonal shape in the region 5 ′ and the narrowest points form clamping points 10.
  • FIG. 5-7 is a device for shaping the Tubular tulip 4 shown. It essentially consists of an elongated mandrel rod 11, at the lower end of which an expanding body 13, which is rotationally symmetrical to the mandrel rod axis 12, is fixedly arranged.
  • the expanding body 13 has a spherical contour. Its largest diameter corresponds approximately to the widened diameter of the tube 6 in the area of the fins 2 and the side part 3.
  • the expansion body 13 has a rounding 14 in the area of its largest diameter, via which the two truncated cone surfaces 15, 15 'directed towards one another with their base surfaces are continuously in one another pass over.
  • a polygon ring 16 is rotatably and axially displaceably guided on the mandrel rod 11. It has a cylindrical shape with a polygonal cross section, the polygonal cross section corresponding to the outer contour of the bulges 9, as shown in FIG. 2 with three bulges 9.
  • the lower end of the polygon ring 16 merges via a transition bevel 17 into a diameter corresponding to the inside of the pipe in the region 5.
  • a rotationally symmetrical stamp 18 is provided on the mandrel rod 11, which has an adaptation bevel 19 at its lower end, one over the length thereof Diameter change from the diameter of the end 6 of the pipe bend 7 corresponds to the diameter corresponding to the inside width of the solder gap 11.
  • a diameter enlargement 20 can also be provided, through which the free end of the tubular tulip 4 can be provided to facilitate the insertion of the end 6 of the pipe bend 7.
  • the mandrel rod 11 with the expansion body 13 is pressed into the tube 1 with rotary motion and possibly with a lubricant, thus expanding the tube 1 so that the fins 2 and the side part 3 are seated on the tube 1 practically with a press fit.
  • the mandrel rod 11 still lowered, the polygon ring 16 is pressed into the end of the tube 1 together with the punch 18 for forming the tube tulip 4 and the bulges 9.
  • the punch 18 can be rotated to reduce the friction, while the polygon ring 16 is only inserted axially into the tube 1 and the area 5 ′ of the tube tulip 4 is thereby formed.
  • the area 5 'of the tubular tulip 4 is then expanded by the stamp 18 itself.
  • tubular elbows 7 can then be inserted and soldered in a known manner using the immersion soldering method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Wärmetauscher, insbesondere als Verdampfer und/oder Kondensator einer Klimaanlage, der durch Lamellen hindurchgeführte Rohre aufweist, deren Enden über U-förmige Rohrbogen dicht miteinander verbunden sind, wobei die Enden der Rohre als Rohrtulpen mit mindestens zwei zylindrischen, im Durchmesser unterschiedlichen Bereichen und einem dazwischenliegenden Übergangsbereich aufgeweitet sind, wobei die Rohrtulpen die Enden der Rohrbogen aufnehmen und mit ihnen, vorzugsweise im Tauchlotverfahren mit Ultraschall, verlötet sind, und zur Entlüftung des Lotspalts zwischen der Rohrtulpe und dem Ende des Rohrbogens Entlüftungskanäle vorgesehen sind.The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular as an evaporator and / or condenser of an air conditioning system, which has tubes which are guided through fins, the ends of which are tightly connected to one another via U-shaped tube bends, the ends of the tubes as tube tulips having at least two cylindrical, different in diameter Areas and an intermediate transition area are widened, the tube tulips receiving the ends of the pipe bends and being soldered to them, preferably using ultrasound, and venting channels are provided for venting the solder gap between the pipe tulip and the end of the pipe bend.

Der Anmelder hat sich unter Bezugnahme auf die älteren nationalen Rechte FR-A-26 54 815 und DE-40 36 320 freiwillig eingeschränkt und gesonderte Patentansprüche für die Vertragsstaaten Frankreich und Deutschland vorgelegt.The applicant voluntarily restricted himself with reference to the earlier national rights FR-A-26 54 815 and DE-40 36 320 and submitted separate claims for the contracting states France and Germany.

Aus der US-A-3 957 289 ist ein Wärmetauscher bekannt, der die eingangs aufgeführten Merkmale aufweist. Dieser bekannte Wärmetauscher weist zwischen den beiden zylindrischen, im Durchmesser unterschiedlichen Bereichen der Rohrtulpe einen dazwischenliegenden Übergangsbereich auf, der zylindrisch ausgestaltet ist. Das Ende des Rohrbogens ist einfach in diesen zylindrischen Übergangsbereich eingesteckt und überdeckt diesen in seiner gesamten Länge, so daß zum Abführen der beim Verlötungsvorgang entstehenden Gase Schlitze am Rohrbogen angebracht werden müssen.From US-A-3 957 289 a heat exchanger is known which has the features listed above. This known heat exchanger has an intermediate transition area between the two cylindrical areas of the tube tulip which have different diameters and which is cylindrical. The end of the pipe bend is simply inserted into this cylindrical transition area and covers it over its entire length, so that slots must be made on the pipe bend in order to dissipate the gases produced during the soldering process.

Bei einem aus der FR-OS 26 10 712 bekannten Wärmetauscher sind die Rohrbogenenden ebenfalls einfach in die Rohrtulpen eingesteckt und verlötet. Zur Lotspaltentlüftung ist bereits vorgeschlagen worden, in den Rohrbogenenden als Entlüftungskanäle Rillen einzuarbeiten.In a heat exchanger known from FR-OS 26 10 712, the pipe bend ends are also simply inserted into the pipe tulips and soldered. For venting the solder gap, it has already been proposed to incorporate grooves in the pipe bend ends as ventilation channels.

Diese Maßnahme wird auch in der US-PS 4,135,740 vorgeschlagen. Aus dieser ist ein Wärmetarnscher bekannt, der eine oval geformte Rohrtulpe aufweist, in die ein mit zwei diametral gegenüberliegenden Vorsprüngen versehenes Rohrbogenende eingesetzt wird. Zur Lotspaltentlüftung ist vorgesehen, daß in das Rohrbogenende unterhalb der beiden Vorsprünge je eine Rille eingearbeitet ist.This measure is also proposed in US Pat. No. 4,135,740. From this, a heat camper is known which has an oval-shaped tubular tulip, one with two diametrically opposite projections provided pipe bend end is used. For venting the solder gap, it is provided that a groove is worked into the pipe bend end below the two projections.

Aus der FR-OS 26 10 712 ist es auch noch bekannt, zur besseren Verankerung der Rohrbogenenden an diesen Kerbverformungen vorzusehen. Der Fertigungsaufwand bei all den o.g. Wärmetauschern ist hier aber erheblich und es sind zusätzlilche Arbeitsgänge bzw. aufwendige Sondereinrichtungen zur Bearbeitung der Rohrbogenenden erforderlich.From FR-OS 26 10 712 it is also known to provide for better anchoring of the pipe bend ends at these notch deformations. The manufacturing effort for all of the above Heat exchangers are considerable here, however, and additional work steps or complex special devices for machining the pipe bend ends are required.

Zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs zwischen den Lamellen und den Rohren ist es bekannt, die Rohrenden zugleich mit Herstellung der Rohrtulpe im Bereich der Lamellen bzw. Seitenteile aufzuweiten.To improve the heat transfer between the fins and the tubes, it is known to widen the tube ends at the same time as the tube tulip is produced in the area of the fins or side parts.

In Vermeidung der geschilderten Nachteile liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Wärmetauscher der eingangs genannten Art so auszubilden, daß mit geringem Herstellungsaufwand eine sichere Lötverbindung zwischen Rohr und Rohrbogen erreichbar ist.In avoiding the disadvantages described, the invention is based on the object of designing a heat exchanger of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a reliable soldered connection between the pipe and the pipe bend can be achieved with little production outlay.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe sieht die Erfindung einen Wärmetauscher, gemäß Anspruch 1 bzw. 1 und 2 vor.To achieve this object, the invention provides a heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 1 and 2.

Vorteilhafterweise kann diese Ausbauchung bzw. können diese Ausbauchungen in einem Arbeitsgang zugleich mit der Aufweitung des Rohrs im Bereich des Seitenteils und der Lamellen und der Rohrtulpe hergestellt werden. Die Rohrbogenenden müssen so überhaupt nicht bearbeitet werden, so daß eine wesentliche Herstellungsvereinfachung bei sicherer Lotspaltentlüftung erreicht wird.This bulge or bulges can advantageously be produced in one operation at the same time as the tube is widened in the region of the side part and the fins and the tube tulip. The pipe bend ends do not have to be machined at all, so that a significant simplification of manufacture is achieved with reliable solder gap ventilation.

Eine besonders sichere Entlüftung des Lotspalts kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß das Ende des in der Rohrtulpe eingelöteten Rohrbogens die Ausbuchtung bzw. Ausbuchtungen nur teilweise überdeckt.A particularly reliable venting of the solder gap can be achieved in that the end of the tube bend soldered into the tube tulip only partially covers the bulge or bulges.

Dadurch, daß der aufgeweitete, die Lamellen und ggf. einen Seitenteil durchragenden zylindrischen Bereich des Rohrs im Durchmesser kleiner ist als der kleinste Innendurchmesser des die Ausbauchung bzw. Ausbauchungen aufweisenden Bereichs der Rohrtulpe, kann das Aufweiten der Rohrenden die Herstellung der Ausbauchung bzw. Ausbauchungen und die Formung der Rohrtulpe in einem Arbeitsgang mit einem Werkzeug besonders rationell und zeitsparend, ggf. vollautomatisch, erfolgen.Characterized in that the widened, the fins and possibly a side part cylindrical portion of the tube is smaller in diameter than the smallest inner diameter of the area of the tube tulip having bulges or bulges, the widening of the tube ends can produce the bulge or bulges and the tube tulip is formed in one work step with one tool, particularly efficiently and time-saving, if necessary fully automatically.

Besonders vorteilhaft kann die Rohrtulpe im Bereich der Ausbauchungen einen gerundeten symmetrischen Vielkantquerschnitt (gleichseitiges Polygon), vorzugsweise einen Dreieckquerschnitt, aufweisen, dessen kleinster Innendurchmesser dem Durchmesser des Rohrbogenendes entspricht. Weiter kann der kleinste Innendurchmesser des die Ausbauchungen aufweisenden Bereichs der Rohrtulpe geringfügig kleiner sein als der Außendurchmesser des Rohrbogenendes, um so federnde Klemmstellen zum sicheren Halten des Rohrbogens vor und beim Löten zu erhalten.Particularly advantageously, the tubular tulip in the area of the bulges can have a rounded, symmetrical polygonal cross-section (equilateral polygon), preferably a triangular cross-section, the smallest inside diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the pipe bend end. Furthermore, the smallest inside diameter of the region of the tube tulip having the bulges can be slightly smaller than the outside diameter of the tube bend end, in order to obtain resilient clamping points for securely holding the tube bend before and during soldering.

Eine Vorrichtung zur Formung der Rohrtulpe und gleichzeitigen Herstellung des oder der Entlüftungskanäle kann besonders vorteilhaft eine Dornstange aufweisen, an deren freiem Ende rotationssymmetrisch zur Dornstangenachse ein Aufweitkörper mit balliger Kontur mindestens im Bereich seines Außendurchmessers vorgesehen ist, dessen größter Durchmesser dem Innendurchmesser des die Lamellen und ggf. den Seitenteil durchragenden Rohrs entspricht, wobei auf der Dornstange, bis zum Aufweitkörper verschiebbar, ein Polygonring geführt ist, dessen kleinster Durchmesser dem Durchmesser des Rohrbogenendes entspricht, wobei weiter auf der Dornstange über dem Polygonring ein rotationssymmetrischer Stempel mit Kreisquerschnitt verschiebbar geführt ist. Durch eine derartig ausgebildete Vorrichtung kann in einem Arbeitsgang der Rohraufweitvorgang und die Rohrtulpenherstellung einschließlich der Herstellung der Ausbauchung bzw. Ausbauchungen als Entlüftungskanal erfolgen, und dies weitgehend automatisierbar.A device for shaping the tubular tulip and simultaneous production of the ventilation channel or channels can particularly advantageously have a mandrel rod, at the free end of which, rotationally symmetrically to the mandrel rod axis, an expanding body with a spherical contour is provided, at least in the region of its outer diameter, the largest diameter of which corresponds to the inner diameter of the lamellae and, if applicable . Corresponds to the tube projecting through the side part, a polygonal ring being guided on the mandrel bar, displaceable up to the expansion body, the smallest diameter of which corresponds to the diameter of the pipe bend end, a rotationally symmetrical punch with a circular cross section being displaceably guided on the mandrel bar above the polygonal ring. With a device designed in this way, the tube expansion process and the tube tulip production can be carried out in one operation including the production of the bulge or bulges as a ventilation duct, and this can be largely automated.

Vorteilhafterweise kann der Aufweitkörper zwei über eine Rundung ineinander übergehende Kreiskegelstumpfflächen aufweisen, deren Grundflächen zueinander hin gerichtet sind.Advantageously, the expansion body can have two circular truncated cone surfaces which merge into one another via a rounding, the base surfaces of which are directed towards one another.

Der Polygonring kann eine zur Dornstange parallele Zylinderform aufweisen, wobei das aufweitkörperseitige Ende mit einer Konturenübergangsschräge versehen ist, durch die der Polygonquerschnitt in einen dem Durchmesser des Rohrbogenendes entsprechenden Durchmesser übergeht.The polygon ring can have a cylindrical shape parallel to the mandrel rod, the end on the expander body being provided with a contour transition bevel through which the polygon cross section merges into a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pipe bend end.

Weiter kann der zur Dornstange rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildete Stempel an seinem unteren Ende eine Anpassungsschräge aufweisen, über deren Länge eine Durchmesseränderung vom dem Durchmesser des Rohrbogenendes entsprechenden Durchmesser bis zum dem Durchmesser des Lotspalts entsprechenden Durchmesser.Furthermore, the punch, which is rotationally symmetrical with respect to the mandrel bar, can have an adaptation bevel at its lower end, along the length of which a change in diameter from the diameter corresponding to the diameter of the pipe bend end to the diameter corresponding to the diameter of the soldering gap.

Weiter kann zur Montageerleichterung der Stempel in seinem oberen Endbereich mit stetem Übergang mit einer Durchmesservergrößerung versehen sein, um das freie, die Rohrtulpe bildende Ende des Rohrs etwas aufzuweiten.Furthermore, to make assembly easier, the punch in its upper end region can be provided with a steady transition with an increase in diameter in order to widen the free end of the tube forming the tube tulip somewhat.

Weitere erfindungsgemäße Ausbildungen sind den Unteransprüchen zu entnehmen und werden mit ihren Vorteilen anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen in der nachstehenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigt:

Figur 1
eine Teilansicht eines Wärmetauschers,
Figuren 2 u.3
Schnitte im Bereich der Linien II bzw. III durch die Rohrtulpe,
Figur 4
eine Schrägansicht der teilweise aufgeschnittenen Rohrtulpe,
Figur 5
eine Schrägansicht einer Vorrichtung zur Formung der Rohrtulpe,
Figur 6
eine Draufsicht auf einen Polygonring, und
Figur 7
einen Querschnitt entlang der Linie VII-VII des in Figur 6 dargestellten Polygonrings.
Further designs according to the invention can be found in the subclaims and their advantages are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in the description below. It shows:
Figure 1
a partial view of a heat exchanger,
Figures 2 and 3
Cuts in the area of lines II and III through the tube tulip,
Figure 4
an oblique view of the partially cut tubular tulip,
Figure 5
2 shows an oblique view of a device for shaping the tubular tulip,
Figure 6
a plan view of a polygon ring, and
Figure 7
a cross section along the line VII-VII of the polygon ring shown in Figure 6.

Der in Figur 1 teilweise im Schnitt dargestellte Wärmetauscher weist von einem Rohr 1 durchdrungene Lamellen 2 und einen ebenfalls vom Rohr 1 durchdrungenen Seitenteil 3 auf. Das Ende des Rohrs 1 ist zu einer Rohrtulpe 4 verformt, so daß das Ende des Rohrs 1 drei Durchmesserbereiche 5,5',5'' aufweist. In der Rohrtulpe 4 ist mit seinem Ende 6 ein Rohrbogen 7 eingelötet. Die Verlötung erfolgt im Tauchlötverfahren unter Zuhilfenahme von Ultraschall. Zur Entlüftung des Lotspalts 8 sind im mittleren Bereich 5' am Umfang verteilt als Entlüftungskanäle wirkende Ausbauchungen 9 vorgesehen, wie dies insbesondere in den Figuren 2 und 4 ersichtlich ist. Das Ende 6 des Rohrbogens 7 wird von den Ausbauchungen 9 nur teilweise überdeckt, so daß das Rohrinnere beim Verlöten nach außen Verbindung hat und so der Lotspalt 8 in beiden Richtungen entlang des Rohrbogens 7 entlüftet wird.The heat exchanger shown partly in section in FIG. 1 has fins 2 penetrated by a tube 1 and a side part 3 likewise penetrated by the tube 1. The end of the tube 1 is deformed into a tube tulip 4, so that the end of the tube 1 has three diameter ranges 5.5 ', 5''. In the Pipe tulip 4 is soldered with its end 6 a pipe bend 7. The soldering is carried out by dip soldering with the aid of ultrasound. For venting the solder gap 8, bulges 9 acting as ventilation channels are provided in the middle region 5 'distributed around the circumference, as can be seen in particular in FIGS. 2 and 4. The end 6 of the pipe bend 7 is only partially covered by the bulges 9, so that the inside of the pipe has a connection to the outside when soldering and so the solder gap 8 is vented in both directions along the pipe bend 7.

Der kleinste Durchmesser des mittleren Bereichs 5' der Rohrtulpe 4 entspricht dabei dem Außendurchmesser des Endes 6 des Rohrbogens 7, wobei durch ein geringes Untermaß ein strammer Sitz angestrebt wird, durch den der Rohrbogen 7 bei der Montage fest in der Rohrtulpe 4 sitzt und sich vor dem Verlötvorgang nicht durch sein Eigengewicht oder durch Erschütterungen verschieben läßt. Der größte Durchmesser der Ausbauchungen 9 im Bereich 5' ist etwas kleiner als der Rohrtulpendurchmesser 5'' im Bereich des Lotspalts 8.The smallest diameter of the central region 5 'of the tubular tulip 4 corresponds to the outer diameter of the end 6 of the tubular elbow 7, a tight fit being sought by a small undersize, through which the tubular elbow 7 sits firmly in the tubular tulip 4 during assembly and protrudes does not allow the soldering process to be delayed by its own weight or by vibrations. The largest diameter of the bulges 9 in the area 5 ′ is somewhat smaller than the tubular tulip diameter 5 ″ in the area of the solder gap 8.

Wie aus Figur 2 ersichtlich ist, hat durch die Ausbauchungen 9 die Rohrtulpe 4 im Bereich 5' Polygonform und die engsten Stellen bilden Klemmpunkte 10.As can be seen from FIG. 2, the bulge 9 gives the tubular tulip 4 a polygonal shape in the region 5 ′ and the narrowest points form clamping points 10.

In den Figuren 5-7 ist eine Vorrichtung zur Formung der Rohrtulpe 4 dargestellt. Es besteht im wesentlichen aus einer langgestreckten Dornstange 11, an deren unterem Ende ein rotationssymmetrisch zur Dornstangenachse 12 ausgebildeter Aufweitkörper 13 fest angeordnet ist. Der Aufweitkörper 13 hat eine ballige Kontur. Sein größter Durchmesser entspricht etwa dem aufgeweiteten Durchmesser des Rohrs 6 im Bereich der Lamellen 2 und des Seitenteils 3. Der Aufweitkörper 13 weist im Bereich seines größten Durchmessers eine Rundung 14 auf, über die zwei mit ihren Grundflächen gegeneinander gerichtete Kegelstumpfflächen 15,15' stetig ineinander übergehen.In Figures 5-7 is a device for shaping the Tubular tulip 4 shown. It essentially consists of an elongated mandrel rod 11, at the lower end of which an expanding body 13, which is rotationally symmetrical to the mandrel rod axis 12, is fixedly arranged. The expanding body 13 has a spherical contour. Its largest diameter corresponds approximately to the widened diameter of the tube 6 in the area of the fins 2 and the side part 3. The expansion body 13 has a rounding 14 in the area of its largest diameter, via which the two truncated cone surfaces 15, 15 'directed towards one another with their base surfaces are continuously in one another pass over.

Oberhalb des Aufweitkörpers 13 ist auf der Dornstange 11 ein Polygonring 16 drehbar und axial verschiebbar geführt. Er weist Zylinderform mit Polygonquerschnitt auf, wobei der Polygonquerschnitt der Außenkontur der Ausbauchungen 9 entspricht, wie sie in Figur 2 mit drei Ausbauchungen 9 dargestellt ist.Above the expansion body 13, a polygon ring 16 is rotatably and axially displaceably guided on the mandrel rod 11. It has a cylindrical shape with a polygonal cross section, the polygonal cross section corresponding to the outer contour of the bulges 9, as shown in FIG. 2 with three bulges 9.

Das untere Ende des Polygonrings 16 geht über eine Übergangsschräge 17 in einen dem dem Rohrinneren im Bereich 5 entsprechenden Durchmesser über.The lower end of the polygon ring 16 merges via a transition bevel 17 into a diameter corresponding to the inside of the pipe in the region 5.

Oberhalb des Polygonrings 16 ist, ebenfalls drehbar und axial verschiebbar, auf der Dornstange 11 ein rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildeter Stempel 18 vorgesehen, der an seinem unteren Ende eine Anpassungsschräge 19 aufweist, über deren Länge eine Durchmesseränderung von dem Durchmesser des Endes 6 des Rohrbogens 7 entsprechenden Durchmesser bis zum der lichten Weite des Lotspalts 11 entsprechenden Durchmesser übergeht.Above the polygon ring 16, likewise rotatably and axially displaceably, a rotationally symmetrical stamp 18 is provided on the mandrel rod 11, which has an adaptation bevel 19 at its lower end, one over the length thereof Diameter change from the diameter of the end 6 of the pipe bend 7 corresponds to the diameter corresponding to the inside width of the solder gap 11.

Am oberen Ende des Stempels 18 kann noch eine Durchmesservergrößerung 20 vorgesehen sein, durch die das freie Ende der Rohrtulpe 4 zur Erleichterung des Einführens des Endes 6 des Rohrbogens 7 vorgesehen sein kann.At the upper end of the stamp 18, a diameter enlargement 20 can also be provided, through which the free end of the tubular tulip 4 can be provided to facilitate the insertion of the end 6 of the pipe bend 7.

Der Einsatz der Vorrichtung geschieht nun in folgender Weise. Zuerst wird die Dornstange 11 mit dem Aufweitkörper 13 in das Rohr 1 unter Drehbewegung und ggf. mit einem Schmiermittel eingepreßt und so das Rohr 1 aufgeweitet, so daß die Lamellen 2 und der Seitenteil 3 praktisch unter Preßsitz auf dem Rohr 1 aufsitzen. Anschließend wird bei noch abgesenkter Dornstange 11 der Polygonring 16 zusammen mit dem Stempel 18 zur Ausformung der Rohrtulpe 4 und der Ausbauchungen 9 in das Ende des Rohrs 1 eingepreßt. Dabei kann der Stempel 18 zur Herabsetzung der Reibung gedreht werden, während der Polygonring 16 nur axial ins Rohr 1 eingeschoben und dadurch der Bereich 5' der Rohrtulpe 4 ausgeformt wird. Durch den Stempel 18 selbst wird dann der Bereich 5' der Rohrtulpe 4 fertig aufgeweitet.The device is now used in the following manner. First, the mandrel rod 11 with the expansion body 13 is pressed into the tube 1 with rotary motion and possibly with a lubricant, thus expanding the tube 1 so that the fins 2 and the side part 3 are seated on the tube 1 practically with a press fit. Then, with the mandrel rod 11 still lowered, the polygon ring 16 is pressed into the end of the tube 1 together with the punch 18 for forming the tube tulip 4 and the bulges 9. The punch 18 can be rotated to reduce the friction, while the polygon ring 16 is only inserted axially into the tube 1 and the area 5 ′ of the tube tulip 4 is thereby formed. The area 5 'of the tubular tulip 4 is then expanded by the stamp 18 itself.

Nach Fertigstellung aller Rohrtulpen 4 des Wärmetauschers können dann die Rohrbogen 7 eingesetzt und im Tauchlotverfahren in bekannter Weise verlötet werden.After completion of all tubular tulips 4 of the heat exchanger, the tubular elbows 7 can then be inserted and soldered in a known manner using the immersion soldering method.

Claims (9)

  1. Heat exchanger, particularly used as a vaporator and/or a condenser in an air conditioning apparatus, having pipes (1) passing through cooling fins, the ends of which are sealingly interconnected by U-shaped bent tubes (7), the ends of the pipes (1) are expanded as tulip-shaped pipes (4) with at least two cylindrical portions (5, 5'') having differnd diameters and an intermediate transition region (5'), the tulip-shaped pipes (4) hold the ends (6) of the bent tubes (7) and are soldered with it, preferably via dip soldering, and having air ducts between the tulip-shaped pipes (4) and the end (6) of the bent tube (7) for remove of air from the slit (8) to be soldered, characterized in that the transition region (5') of the tulip-shaped pipe (4) comprises at least one, preferably several bulgings (9) distributed over the circumference in its total length, the maximum distance of the bulging (9) respectively the bulgings (9) to the axis of the pipe (1) is less or at best equal to the outer radius of the slit (8) to be soldered, and the end (6) of the bent tube (7) soldered into the tulip-shaped pipe (4) is inserted into the transition region (5') so far that the bent tube (7) overlaps the bulging (9) respectively the bulgings (9) only partially, by which at least one air duct is formed between the inner surface of the tulip-shaped pipe (4) and the outer surface of the end (6) of the bent tube (7).
  2. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the expanded cylindrical portion (5) of the pipe (1) passing through the cooling fins (2) and if need be through a side wall (3) has a diameter, which is smaller than the smallest inner diameter of the transition region (5') of the tulip-shaped pipe (4) having the bulging (9) respectively the bulgings (9).
  3. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the tulip-shaped pipe (4) has a rounded symmetrical polycornered profile in the transition region (5') of the bulging (9) respectively the bulgings (9), preferably a triangular profile, which smallest diameter is equal to the diameter of the end (6) of the bent tube (7).
  4. Heat exchanger according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the smallest inner diameter of the transition region (5') of the tulip-shaped pipe (4) having the bulging (9) respectively bulgings (9) is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the end (6) of the bent tube (7).
  5. Apparatus for forming the tulip-shaped pipe according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in a mandrel rod (11) having an expansion member (13) on its free end being axially symmetrical to the axis (12) of the mandrel rod having a spherical contour at least in the region of its largest diameter and that its largest diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the pipe (1) passing through the cooling fins (2) and if need be through the side wall (3) that a polygonal ring (16) is guided on the mandrel rod (11) slidable in direction to the expansion member (13), the smallest diameter of which is equal to the diameter of the end (6) of the bent tube (7) and that a stamp (18) with circular cross section is slidably guided on the mandrel rod (11) above the polygonal ring (16).
  6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the expansion member (13) has two circular truncated conical surfaces (15, 15') changing over to each other via a rounding (14), and which basal surfaces are adjusted in direction to each other.
  7. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the polygonal ring (16) has a cylindrical form parallel to the mandrel rod (11) and that the end directed to the expansion member comprises a transition slope (17), through which the polygonal cross section changes over into a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the end (6) of the bent tube (7).
  8. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the stamp (18) being axial symmetrical to the mandrel rod (11) has an adaption slope (19) on its lower end, over which length the diameter changes from a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the end (6) of the bent tube (7) to a diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the slid (8) to be soldered.
  9. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 8, characterized in that the stamp (18) comprises on its upper end portion an enlargement (20) of its diameter with a steady transition.
EP91103650A 1990-03-14 1991-03-09 Heat exchanger Expired - Lifetime EP0446824B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4008063A DE4008063A1 (en) 1990-03-14 1990-03-14 HEAT EXCHANGER
DE4008063 1990-03-14

Publications (3)

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EP0446824A2 EP0446824A2 (en) 1991-09-18
EP0446824A3 EP0446824A3 (en) 1992-05-27
EP0446824B1 true EP0446824B1 (en) 1994-10-12

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP91103650A Expired - Lifetime EP0446824B1 (en) 1990-03-14 1991-03-09 Heat exchanger

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DE (2) DE4008063A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2061089T3 (en)

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DE4312045A1 (en) * 1993-04-13 1994-10-20 Fichtel & Sachs Ag Welded joint between a tubular body and a base
DE4325427A1 (en) * 1993-07-29 1995-02-02 Behr Gmbh & Co Heat exchanger, in particular a motor vehicle radiator
DE4445590C2 (en) * 1994-12-20 2001-02-01 Behr Gmbh & Co Process for widening the pipe ends of pipes of a heat exchanger, tool for carrying out the process and heat exchanger produced by the process and with the tool
DE19750748C2 (en) * 1997-11-14 2003-04-24 Behr Gmbh & Co Plate heat exchanger
EP1710529B1 (en) * 2005-03-31 2008-03-05 Frape Behr S.A. Heat exchanger, in particular condenser for air conditioning

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US3957289A (en) * 1974-08-19 1976-05-18 Aluminum Company Of America Soldered joint and method
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US4077559A (en) * 1976-09-27 1978-03-07 Carrier Corporation Oval bell concept
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DE3239950A1 (en) * 1982-10-28 1984-05-03 Thermal-Werke, Wärme-, Kälte-, Klimatechnik GmbH, 6909 Walldorf Heat exchanger and process for the manufacture thereof
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DE3413999A1 (en) * 1984-04-13 1985-11-07 Thermal-Werke Wärme-Kälte-Klimatechnik GmbH, 6832 Hockenheim Method for producing a laminated heat exchanger and heat exchanger according to this method
DD234624B1 (en) * 1985-02-15 1988-03-30 Karl Marx Stadt Tech Hochschul COMBINED FORMING TOOL
JPH01144409A (en) * 1987-09-18 1989-06-06 Pennwalt Corp Hydrophylic sequence copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and n-alkylacrylamide and its production
DE3938388A1 (en) * 1989-11-18 1991-05-23 Behr Gmbh & Co Mfg. U=shaped tube elbows for heat exchanger - forms solder venting ducts by milling cutters, with tube still straight
FR2654815B1 (en) * 1989-11-22 1992-02-07 Valeo Thermique Moteur Sa HEAT EXCHANGER WITH ASSEMBLY OF TUBULAR ELEMENTS, IN PARTICULAR FOR MOTOR VEHICLES.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0446824A2 (en) 1991-09-18
DE4008063A1 (en) 1991-09-19
ES2061089T3 (en) 1994-12-01
EP0446824A3 (en) 1992-05-27
DE59103193D1 (en) 1994-11-17

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