EP0446777B1 - Coupling for line service - Google Patents
Coupling for line service Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0446777B1 EP0446777B1 EP91103442A EP91103442A EP0446777B1 EP 0446777 B1 EP0446777 B1 EP 0446777B1 EP 91103442 A EP91103442 A EP 91103442A EP 91103442 A EP91103442 A EP 91103442A EP 0446777 B1 EP0446777 B1 EP 0446777B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- coupling
- lock bolt
- central buffer
- working cylinder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000003137 locomotive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000036461 convulsion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
- B61G5/04—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for matching couplings of different types, i.e. transitional couplings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G7/00—Details or accessories
- B61G7/14—Safety devices
Definitions
- a shunting coupling is understood here to mean a coupling with which the locomotive driver couples the locomotive and the wagons from his cabin, in other words, the locomotive is quickly and easily coupled to the train unit during the shunting work and uncoupled from the train unit.
- a line clutch is to be understood here as a clutch which is similar to the clutch mentioned above but also fits line service.
- pulling hooks and so-called screw couplings are used as couplings between the wagons as well as between the locomotive and the wagons in the countries belonging to UIC.
- the cars and locomotives are equipped with side buffers.
- the coupling element used between the cars and the locomotive and between the various cars is the so-called central buffer, which always couples itself automatically when the cars are pressed together.
- the wagons equipped with the central buffers have no side buffers.
- the wagons fitted with towing hooks cannot easily be coupled together with the wagons provided with central buffers.
- the design of the interchangeable coupling according to Patent No. FI 78031 represents an improvement of the design according to Patent No. FI 41039 (DE-A-1 605 210), in which e.g. the transition bridge of the passenger carriage prevents the pulling bracket from being coupled to the pulling hook from above.
- This invention relates to such a supplement to the above-mentioned shunting couplings, the so-called VAPITI couplings, that they can also be used as line couplings for pulling express trains.
- the structure according to patent no. FI 78031 or FI 41039 is best suited for shunting and it cannot necessarily be used when pulling passenger or freight trains on scheduled services, because it has been thought possible that the pulling bracket can go through could loosen the influence of quick jerks or inertial forces from the hook.
- the improvement according to the invention ensures that fast jerks and inertial forces, e.g. when pulling an express train, will not cause the coupling bracket to loosen from the pull hook of the train.
- FIG. 1 represents the various functional positions of the line clutch
- FIG. 2 illustrates the function of the locking bolt of the clutch according to the invention.
- lever 3 shows the following positions of a lever 3: a) driving position, b) coupling position, c) uncoupling position and d) vertical position.
- the locomotive is in turn uncoupled from the car in that the driver, who is in the driver's cab, raises the lever 3 into position c by means of the working cylinder 8 by actuating a pressure valve, the front part of the bracket 5 detaching from the pulling hook and the locomotive can thus be driven backwards and away from the car.
- the coupling on the pull hook is secured by such flexible pressing of the bracket 5 on the pull hook that in the event that the distance between the train and the locomotive suddenly becomes smaller or the train and the locomotive e.g. jump on the switch, the bracket and the lever 3 are immediately stretched into position a, the fit of the coupling being maintained.
- the function according to the invention thus gives the bracket 5 and the lever 3 a flexible function, so that when the locomotive pulls, they are able to stretch and the coupling can withdraw immediately when the tractive force is reduced.
- Such a function can be achieved, for example, by a spring or by the hydraulics provided with pressure accumulators or by using a compressed air cylinder as the working cylinder of the lever 3, it being possible for the invention to implement the function by means of the elastic properties of the compressed air.
- the force required for this due to the weights of the coupling parts 3 and 5 to counteract jerk and inertial forces is approximately 7 kN.
- FIG. 2 the locking bar 10 is shown enlarged for better clarity with respect to FIG. 1.
- the piston rod 11 of the working cylinder 8 is coupled to the lever 3 in FIG. 2 by a lever spindle 12.
- the locking bolt 10 is connected by a bolt 17 to the lever spindle.
- the lower position of the lever 3 in relation to the lever spindle is adjusted by a screw 13.
- the lever 3 has a small margin between a cam 16 of the locking bar and the adjusting screw 13. In the travel position (a), the cam 16 presses the lever down, the bracket 5 remaining pressed on the pull hook.
- the locking bar 10 is turned to the "open” position, the cam 16 of the lever rotating out of the way of the lever.
- the locking bar can have a tubular extension 18, on which e.g. the locking pin (d) of the lever can be placed in the vertical position. This pin holds the locking bar in the "open” position when the lever 3 is lifted by hand on the locking fork.
- the solution according to the invention guarantees that, for example, rapid jerks and inertial forces which occur when the fast train is being pulled are not able to cause the bracket 5 to be released from the pull hook.
- the invention also reduces jolts and bumps between the locomotive and the wagon, and thus also movement movements with respect to other cars.
- the coupling according to the invention enables the coupling of a locomotive to a car equipped with a pull hook but also to a car equipped with a central buffer, because the lever which is coupled to the pull hook is mounted on the central buffer of the locomotive.
- the devices of these couplings include an electrical control system, the control push button housing of which is placed in the driver's cabin of the locomotive.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Magnetic Heads (AREA)
- Agricultural Machines (AREA)
- Train Traffic Observation, Control, And Security (AREA)
- Vibration Dampers (AREA)
- Hydraulic Clutches, Magnetic Clutches, Fluid Clutches, And Fluid Joints (AREA)
- Vehicle Cleaning, Maintenance, Repair, Refitting, And Outriggers (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Unter einer Rangierkupplung ist hier eine Kupplung zu verstehen, mit welcher der Lokomotivführer von seiner Kabine aus die Lokomotive und den Wagen zusammenkuppelt, mit anderen Worten wird die Lokomotive während der Rangierarbeit schnell und leicht an der Zugeinheit gekuppelt und von der Zugeinheit entkuppelt.A shunting coupling is understood here to mean a coupling with which the locomotive driver couples the locomotive and the wagons from his cabin, in other words, the locomotive is quickly and easily coupled to the train unit during the shunting work and uncoupled from the train unit.
Unter einer Linienfahrtkupplung ist hier eine Kupplung zu verstehen, welche der vorher erwähnten Kupplung ähnlich ist aber auch zu Linienfahrt passt.A line clutch is to be understood here as a clutch which is similar to the clutch mentioned above but also fits line service.
Heutzutage werden in den zu UIC gehörenden Ländern Zughaken und sogenannte Schraubenkupplungen als Kupplungen sowohl zwischen den Wagen als auch zwischen der Lokomotive und den Wagen verwendet. Dabei sind die Wagen und die Lokomotiven mit Seitenpuffern versehen.Nowadays, pulling hooks and so-called screw couplings are used as couplings between the wagons as well as between the locomotive and the wagons in the countries belonging to UIC. The cars and locomotives are equipped with side buffers.
Ein anderes, z.B. in den Vereinigten Staaten und der Sowjetunion zwischen den Wagen und der Lokomotive sowie zwischen den verschiedenen Wagen verwendetes Kupplungselement ist der sogenannte Zentralpuffer, der sich wenn die Wagen aneinander gedrückt werden immer automatisch ankuppelt. Die mit den Zentralpuffern ausgerüsteten Wagen haben keinen Seitenpuffer.Another, e.g. In the United States and the Soviet Union, the coupling element used between the cars and the locomotive and between the various cars is the so-called central buffer, which always couples itself automatically when the cars are pressed together. The wagons equipped with the central buffers have no side buffers.
Die mit Zughaken versehenen Wagen können nicht ohne weiteres mit den mit Zentralpuffern versehenen Wagen zusammengekoppelt werden.The wagons fitted with towing hooks cannot easily be coupled together with the wagons provided with central buffers.
Der Aufbau der Wechselkupplung laut dem Patent Nr. FI 78031 stellt eine Verbesserung des Aufbaus gemäss dem Patent Nr. FI 41039 (DE-A-1 605 210) dar, bei welchem z.B. die Übergangsbrücke des Passagierwagens das Kuppeln des Zugbügels von oben an dem Zughaken verhindert.The design of the interchangeable coupling according to Patent No. FI 78031 represents an improvement of the design according to Patent No. FI 41039 (DE-A-1 605 210), in which e.g. the transition bridge of the passenger carriage prevents the pulling bracket from being coupled to the pulling hook from above.
Diese Erfindung betrifft eine derartige Ergänzung der obenerwähnten Rangierkupplungen, der sogenannten VAPITI-Kupplungen, dass sie auch als Linienfahrtkupplungen zum Ziehen von Schnellzügen verwendet werden können. Der Aufbau gemäss dem Patent Nr. FI 78031 oder FI 41039 eignet sich am besten für die Rangierarbeit und er kann nicht unbedingt beim Ziehen von Passagier- oder Güterzügen in der Linienfahrt benutzt werden, denn man hat es für möglich gehalten, dass der Zugbügel sich durch den Einfluss von schnellen Rucken oder Trägheitskräften vom Haken lösen könnte. Die Verbesserung gemäss der Erfindung versichert, dass schnelle Rucke und Trägheitskräfte, z.B. beim Ziehen eines Schnellzuges, nicht ein Lösen des Kupplungsbügels vom Zughaken des Zuges verursachen werden.This invention relates to such a supplement to the above-mentioned shunting couplings, the so-called VAPITI couplings, that they can also be used as line couplings for pulling express trains. The structure according to patent no. FI 78031 or FI 41039 is best suited for shunting and it cannot necessarily be used when pulling passenger or freight trains on scheduled services, because it has been thought possible that the pulling bracket can go through could loosen the influence of quick jerks or inertial forces from the hook. The improvement according to the invention ensures that fast jerks and inertial forces, e.g. when pulling an express train, will not cause the coupling bracket to loosen from the pull hook of the train.
Die die Erfindung kennzeichnenden Merkmale sind in dem kennzeichnenden Teil der Patentansprüche 1 und 4 angegeben, wobei die Oberbegriffe aus DE-A-1 605 210 bekannt sind.The features characterizing the invention are specified in the characterizing part of patent claims 1 and 4, the generic terms being known from DE-A-1 605 210.
Die Erfindung wird nachstehend durch die anliegenden Zeichnungen geschildert, wobei Fig 1 die verschiedenen Funktionstellungen der Linienfahrtkupplung darstellt, und Fig 2 die Funktion des Sperriegels der erfindungsgemässen Kupplung illustriert.The invention is illustrated below by the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 represents the various functional positions of the line clutch, and FIG. 2 illustrates the function of the locking bolt of the clutch according to the invention.
In Fig 1 sind die folgenden Stellungen eines Hebels 3 gezeigt: a) Fahrtstellung, b) Verkupplungsstellung, c) Entkupplungsstellung und d) Vertikalstellung.1 shows the following positions of a lever 3: a) driving position, b) coupling position, c) uncoupling position and d) vertical position.
Beim Kuppeln einer Lokomotive an einem Wagen mit der Rangierkupplung gemäss dem Patent 78031, fährt der Fahrer den Lokomotivenpuffer zur Anlage gegen den Wagenpuffer, wobei der Hebel 3 und sein Bügel 5 sich ungefähr auf der Horizontalebene befinden (Stellung b) und der Bügel entlang der schrägen Oberkante des Zughakens 1 der Lokomotive auf diesen Zughaken gebracht wird, so dass der Vorderteil des Bügels auf den Zughaken fällt. Danach lässt der Fahrer den Hebel durch sein eigenes Gewicht mittels eines Arbeitszylinders 8 in die Fahrtstellung a fallen. Dabei biegt sich der Gelenkpunkt 4 zwischen dem Hebel 3 und dem Bügel 5 nieder. Die Lokomotive wird wiederum von dem Wagen dadurch entkuppelt, dass der Fahrer, der sich in der Fahrerkabine befindet, durch betätigen eines Druckventils den Hebel 3 mit Hilfe des Arbeitszylinders 8 in die Stellung c aufhebt, wobei der Vorderteil des Bügels 5 sich vom Zughaken löst und die Lokomotive damit rückwärts und vom Wagen los gefahren werden kann.When coupling a locomotive to a car with the shunting coupling according to patent 78031, the driver drives the locomotive buffer to bear against the car buffer, the
Durch Verwendung der erfindungsgemässe Linienfahrtkupplung wird die Kupplung an dem Zughaken durch derartiges flexibles Pressen des Bügels 5 auf dem Zughaken gesichert, dass im Falle, dass der Abstand zwischen dem Zug und der Lokomotive plötzlich kleiner wird oder der Zug und die Lokomotive z.B. an der Weiche springen, der Bügel und der Hebel 3 unmittelbar in die Stellung a gespannt werden, wobei die Passung der Verkuppelung beibehalten wird.By using the line coupling according to the invention, the coupling on the pull hook is secured by such flexible pressing of the
Die erfindungsgemässe Funktion verleiht somit dem Bügel 5 und dem Hebel 3 eine flexible Funktion, so dass sie, wenn die Lokomotive zieht, fähig sind sich zu strecken und sich unmittelbar beim Vermindern der Zugkraft die Verkuppelung zurückziehen können.The function according to the invention thus gives the
Eine solche Funktion kann z.B. durch eine Feder oder durch die mit Druckspeichern versehene Hydraulik oder durch Verwenden von einem Druckluftzylinder als Arbeitzylinder des Hebels 3 erzielt werden, wobei es durch die Erfindung möglich ist die Funktion mittels der Elastizitätseigenschaften der Druckluft zu verwirklichen. Die dazu auf Grund der Gewichte von den Kupplungsteilen 3 und 5 zum Entgegenwirken von Ruck- und Trägheitskräfte benötigte Kraft beträgt etwa 7 kN. Nachfolgend wird die erfindungsgemässe Funktion mit Hilfe eines Druckluftzylinders dargestellt. Dabei wird der Hebel 3 mit Hilfe des sich in der Arbeitstellung befindenden Arbeitszylinders 8 durch den Arretierriegel 10 an dem Zughaken gedrückt.Such a function can be achieved, for example, by a spring or by the hydraulics provided with pressure accumulators or by using a compressed air cylinder as the working cylinder of the
In Fig 2 ist der Arretierriegel 10 zur besseren Anschaulichkeit in bezug auf Fig 1 vergrössert dargestellt. Die Kolbenstange 11 des Arbeitszylinders 8 ist in Fig 2 an dem Hebel 3 durch eine Hebelspindel 12 gekuppelt.In FIG. 2, the
Der Arretierriegel 10 ist durch einen Bolzen 17 an die Hebelspindel angeschlossen. Die untere Stellung des Hebels 3 in Verhältnis zu der Hebelspindel wird durch eine Schraube 13 justiert. Der Hebel 3 hat zwischen einem Nocken 16 des Arretierriegels und der Verstellschraube 13 einen kleinen Spielraum. In der Fahrtstellung (a) drückt der Nocken 16 den Hebel nach unten, wobei der Bügel 5 an dem Zughaken gepresst bleibt.The
Wenn man den Hebel 3 in die Vertikalstellung (d) heben möchte, z.B. beim Kuppeln der Lokomotive für eine längere Zeit an einem mit Zentralpuffer versehenen Wagen, wird der Arretierriegel 10 in die Stellung "offen" gedreht, wobei der Nocken 16 des Hebels sich aus dem Wege des Hebels dreht. Der Arretierriegel kann einen rohrartigen Ausbau 18 haben, an welchem z.B. der arretierende Zapfen (d) des Hebels in der Vertikalstellung placiert werden kann. Dieser Zapfen hält den Arretierriegel in der Stellung "offen" wenn der Hebel 3 mit der Hand an der Verriegelungsgabel gehoben wird.If you want to lift the
Wenn die Lokomotive an einem mit Zughaken ausgerüsteten Wagen gekuppelt wird, garantiert die erfindungsgemässe Lösung, dass z.B. beim Ziehen des Schnellzuges entstandene schnelle Rucke und Trägheitskräfte nicht im Stande sind, ein Lösen des Bügels 5 vom Zughaken zu verursachen. Neben der Tatsache, dass der Bügel im Zughaken sicherer gehalten wird, vermindert die Erfindung ebenfalls Rucke und Stösse zwischen der Lokomotive und dem Wagen und damit auch Bewegungsverrückungen in bezug auf andere Wagen. Die erfindungsgemässe Kupplung ermöglicht das Kuppeln einer Lokomotive an einem mit Zughaken ausgerüsteten Wagen aber auch an einem Wagen, der mit Zentralpuffer ausgerüstet ist, weil der Hebel, der an dem Zughaken gekuppelt wird, an dem Zentralpuffer der Lokomotive gelagert ist.If the locomotive is coupled to a carriage equipped with a pull hook, the solution according to the invention guarantees that, for example, rapid jerks and inertial forces which occur when the fast train is being pulled are not able to cause the
Beim Kuppeln einer Lokomotive an einem mit Zentralpuffer ausgerüsteten Wagen wird der Hebel 3 in die Vertikalstellung d gehoben oder der Bügel in die untere Stellung e heruntergesenkt, wobei er sich nicht im Wege der Verkuppelung befindet. Das Schloss des Zentralpuffers wird durch einen Membranzylinder 19 geöffnet, welcher sich im Unterteil der Kupplung befindet.When coupling a locomotive to a car equipped with a central buffer, the
Zu den Vorrichtungen dieser Kupplungen gehört ein elektrisches Steuerungssystem, dessen Steuerungsdrucktastengehäuse in der Fahrerkabine der Lokomotive placiert ist.The devices of these couplings include an electrical control system, the control push button housing of which is placed in the driver's cabin of the locomotive.
Obwohl die Erfindung in Verbindung mit VAPITI-Kupplungen erklärt worden ist, kann sie natürlich im Rahmen der Patentansprüche auch in anderen Zusammenhängen angewendet werden.Although the invention has been explained in connection with VAPITI couplings, it can of course also be used in other contexts within the scope of the claims.
Claims (5)
- A method for attaching an engine to a wagon provided with a tow hook (1) or a central buffer, a lever (3) being mounted to the central buffer of the engine, a yoke (5) to be attached to the tow hook being hinged to said lever and a tow arm being lifted and lowered by a working cylinder (8),
characterized in that it is continuously and flexibly pressed on the tow hook (1) for ensuring the attachment of the yoke (5). - A method according to claim 1, said lever of the yoke (5) to be attached to the tow hook (1) being mounted to the central buffer of the engine during shunting work,
characterized in that the continuos and flexible pressing is achieved by a pressing of a working cylinder (8) or by a pressing of a spring. - A coupling for line driving used in the method according to the claims 1 and 2, said lever (3) of the yoke (5) to be attached to the tow hook (1) being mounted to the central buffer of the engine during shunting work, said working cylinder (8) lifting and lowering this lever (3) by a lever bar (12),
characterized in that the working cylinder (8) continuously and flexibly presses the lever (3) by a lock bolt (10) and by that the yoke (5) on the tow hook (1), and that the lock bolt (10) belongs to the lever bar and bears on the axle (17) thereof and is to be turned so that the lever (3) may be lifted into vertical position (d) and that the lock bolt is automatically attached to the lever (3) upon lowering the lever (3) from the vertical position (d). - A coupling for line driving according to claim 3,
characterized in that the lock bolt (10) is mounted to the lever bar (12) and has a pressure part (15) and on the lever side of the mounting point a cam (16), which, upon turning the lever (3) downwardly from the vertical position (d), by the influence of the weight of the lever is turning aside and rises automatically to the locking position over the lever. - A coupling for line driving according to claim 4,
characterized in that the lock bolt (10) has a tube-like projection (18), which keeps the lock bolt away from the locking position during the lifting action.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT9191103442T ATE104908T1 (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1991-03-06 | LINE TRAVEL COUPLING. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI901260A FI85250C (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1990-03-14 | KOPPEL FOER LINJEKOERNING. |
| FI901260 | 1990-03-14 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0446777A1 EP0446777A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| EP0446777B1 true EP0446777B1 (en) | 1994-04-27 |
Family
ID=8530061
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP91103442A Expired - Lifetime EP0446777B1 (en) | 1990-03-14 | 1991-03-06 | Coupling for line service |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0446777B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE104908T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE59101472D1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI85250C (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ES2073970B1 (en) * | 1992-11-06 | 1997-07-01 | Varona Gregorio Pena | COMPREHENSIVE SAFETY DEVICE APPLICABLE TO VEHICLES WITH SHARED RUNNING. |
| DE19620068C1 (en) * | 1996-05-20 | 1997-05-22 | Bergische Stahlindustrie | Coupling arrangement for rail vehicles, particularly shunting locomotives |
| DE102021200863A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2022-08-04 | Siemens Mobility GmbH | Safety device for a shunting coupling |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR727093A (en) * | 1931-02-05 | 1932-06-13 | Improvements to the safety locks of coupler hooks or similar devices | |
| FI41039B (en) * | 1966-06-09 | 1969-04-30 | T Saalast |
-
1990
- 1990-03-14 FI FI901260A patent/FI85250C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-03-06 EP EP91103442A patent/EP0446777B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-06 AT AT9191103442T patent/ATE104908T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-06 DE DE59101472T patent/DE59101472D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE59101472D1 (en) | 1994-06-01 |
| ATE104908T1 (en) | 1994-05-15 |
| FI901260A0 (en) | 1990-03-14 |
| FI901260A7 (en) | 1991-09-15 |
| EP0446777A1 (en) | 1991-09-18 |
| FI85250B (en) | 1991-12-13 |
| FI85250C (en) | 1992-03-25 |
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