EP0446195B1 - Einkanal-Schaltung für ein Hörgerät - Google Patents
Einkanal-Schaltung für ein Hörgerät Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0446195B1 EP0446195B1 EP91890015A EP91890015A EP0446195B1 EP 0446195 B1 EP0446195 B1 EP 0446195B1 EP 91890015 A EP91890015 A EP 91890015A EP 91890015 A EP91890015 A EP 91890015A EP 0446195 B1 EP0446195 B1 EP 0446195B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- voltage
- circuit
- transistor
- rectifier circuit
- controlled
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/50—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics
- H04R25/502—Customised settings for obtaining desired overall acoustical characteristics using analog signal processing
Definitions
- the invention relates to a single-channel circuit for a hearing aid for the hearing impaired with a preamplifier and a power amplifier, a microphone and a receiver, and a rectifier circuit, preferably constructed as a full-wave rectifier circuit, for generating a control voltage for a voltage-dependent amplifier or attenuator, which is connected downstream of the preamplifier is, a timing element and a voltage-controlled filter.
- a circuit was known from AT-PS 371 306 in which the timing element is arranged in the signal channel in order to suppress the short-term signal peaks which occur due to the delay time of the automatic gain control.
- Such circuits result in an amplification dependent on the signal level of the acoustic signals to be amplified, as a result of which overdriving can be avoided and the output signal of the hearing aid can be kept within a certain volume range, as a result of which uncomfortably large fluctuations in volume can be avoided.
- the frequency response remains essentially the same over the entire amplification range, which means that speech intelligibility suffers from louder background noise.
- a better adaptation of the frequency response of the amplification to the hearing loss of the user is achieved in the case of hearing aids by two-channel and multi-channel circuits, which usually have dynamic compression in the low-frequency channel and linear amplification in the high-frequency channel, the two signals being summed upstream of the output stage.
- the compression in the bass channel is achieved with a voltage-controlled amplifier.
- the aim of the invention is to avoid these disadvantages and to propose a circuit of the type mentioned at the outset which, with regard to speech intelligibility, enables a very favorable characteristic over the entire amplification range.
- this is achieved in that the preamplifier, the voltage-controlled amplifier or attenuator, the voltage-controlled filter and the rectifier circuit are connected in series, the rectifier circuit being connected on the input side to the output of the voltage-controlled filter and on the output side via the timing element to the control input of the voltage-controlled filter.
- Voltage-controlled filters are to be understood as circuit configurations that change the frequency response of a device depending on the level of an input signal in any way, apart from simple amplification or attenuation.
- the voltage-controlled amplifier is also connected to the rectifier circuit via a separate timer.
- the smallest possible battery is used for the power supply for reasons of a compact structure, so that only very low voltages can be used. For these reasons, it is necessary to use a rectifier circuit that can operate at low voltages.
- the rectifier circuit is formed by two transistors, the main current paths of which are connected in series with resistors and these series circuits are connected in parallel with one another, the base of the one via a diode with the collector of the second transistor and the bases of the two transistors is connected to one another via at least one resistor and the collector of one transistor connected to the diode is connected to the base of this transistor via a further resistor and the control DC voltage at the collector of the transistor connected to the diode by its base can be tapped off.
- the starting voltage of the diode has virtually no effect due to the amplification by means of the first transistor.
- the voltage-controlled filter is formed by a three- or four-pole, which is followed by a transistor connected in bootstrap circuit, preferably a control transistor is provided, the main current path of which is connected in series with that of the transistor switched in bootstrap circuit and the base thereof is connected to the rectifier circuit supplying the control voltage.
- the voltage-controlled filter is formed by two different three-pole, but preferably four-pole, which are followed by transistors connected in bootstrap circuit, at least one of whose bases is connected to the rectifier circuit via a timing element and the preamplifier, if appropriate is connected to the inputs of the three or four poles via the center connection of a potentiometer.
- the voltage-controlled filter is controlled via a potentiometer circuit to which a signal voltage taken from the preamplifier and the control DC voltage coming from the rectifier circuit is applied, the signal voltage taken from the preamplifier damping the filter at high signal levels .
- FIG. 1 The basic structure of a hearing aid according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1.
- a microphone 1 is followed by a preamplifier 2 in the usual way.
- This is connected on the output side to a voltage-controlled amplifier 3, which also has a gain factor ⁇ 1 and can therefore act as an attenuator.
- This voltage controlled amplifier 3, which is connected by a bipolar transistor or e.g. can be formed by an operating point-controlled amplifier and is used for automatic volume control, a voltage-controlled filter 4 is connected downstream, which enables automatic frequency response control.
- This is preferably designed as an automatic depth reduction when loud signals occur, which makes it easier to hear and understand speech in a noisy environment.
- the signal processed by the filter 4 reaches the power amplifier 5, to which a receiver 6 is switched on. Furthermore, a rectifier circuit 7 is also provided, which rectifies a signal taken between the voltage-controlled filter 4 and the power amplifier 5, or between the voltage-controlled amplifier 3 and the voltage-controlled filter 5, and supplies it as a control voltage to the voltage-controlled amplifier 3 and the voltage-controlled filter 5. It depends on the installation location of the volume control, not shown, whether the control is designed as an input- or output-controlled control.
- the rectifier circuit 7 is designed as a full-wave rectifier and will be explained in more detail later with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.
- the voltage-controlled filter 4 can be constructed, for example, according to FIG. 2, a four-pole A being provided, which can be constructed, for example, as an R / C filter and which is followed by a transistor 9 in bootstrap circuit, the collector of which is connected to the supply voltage V CC and whose base and emitter are connected to the four-pin A, which can be designed as a high-low or bandpass or as a bandstop.
- the emitter resistor R e is connected in series with a control transistor 8, the emitter of which is grounded and the base of which is supplied with a control voltage V c taken from the rectifier circuit 7. If this control voltage has a high potential, the transistor 8 is fully conductive and acts on the output signal of the four-pole A like an emitter follower.
- the transistor 8 blocks and the input signal of the four-pole A essentially goes unchanged directly to the output O, for example via the capacitors C4, C8 and the resistor R5, as can be seen from FIG. 4 .
- FIG. 3 Another embodiment of a voltage-controlled filter 4 is shown in FIG. 3.
- Two four-pole A and B are provided, which are coupled to two transistors 10 and 11 connected in parallel with a common emitter resistor R e .
- the two four poles A and B are expediently designed as a high-pass or low-pass filter.
- Control voltages V c1 , V c2 which are derived from the rectifier circuit 7 and can have a different height, are connected via resistors to the outputs of the four-pole A and B, or to the bases of the transistors 10, 11.
- the two control voltages can be taken, for example, from a voltage divider circuit connected to the rectifier circuit 7 and not shown in FIG. 3.
- the input signal I can be divided over the two four-pole terminals A and B of the filter via the potentiometer Ri, as a result of which a fixed presetting can be selected.
- both four-pole circuits A and B function simultaneously and a change in the common control voltage enables the setting of all intermediate functions.
- Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of a hearing aid according to the invention.
- the transistor T1 acts as a preamplifier 2, the base of which is connected to the microphone 1 via the capacitor C2.
- the transistor T1 is connected in the usual way with the resistors R3, R1.
- the R / C link R2 and C1 is used for screening.
- the transistor T2 in conjunction with the resistor R4 and the coupling capacitor C3, serves as a voltage-controlled attenuator 3 for an automatic gain control.
- the capacitors C4 to C7 in conjunction with the resistors R5 to R8 form a four-pole higher order, which in conjunction with the transistor T3, the emitter resistor R e and the control transistor T4 forms a voltage-controlled filter 4, the transistors T3 and T4 being the transistors 8 and 9 in Fig. 2 correspond.
- the signal reaches resistor R5 and capacitor C8, essentially unchanged, via capacitor C4 to amplifying transistor T5, which has the resistor R11, the capacitor C9, the resistor R13 and the transistor T6 in a known manner forms an output stage to which the receiver 6 is connected.
- the transistor T3 works as an emitter follower and the four-pole A forms a fourth-order high-pass filter in a bootstrap circuit.
- the diode D blocks and the signal is transmitted directly via the resistor R20.
- the ratio of the resistors R19 and R17 determines the gain.
- the symmetry in the full-wave rectification of the input signal is ensured by the appropriate dimensioning of the resistors R18 to R20.
- a control voltage that decreases with an increasing signal occurs at the base of transistor T8.
- a reversely polarized diode D it would also be possible to tap a control voltage which increases as the signal increases.
- the transistor T8 acts as a control voltage amplifier, the collector of which is connected to a capacitor C12 which, together with the resistors R22 to R24, forms a timing element t1.
- the control voltage for the transistor T2 is taken from the resistor R23, which, as already mentioned, acts as a voltage-controlled attenuator.
- the rectified control voltage is fed via resistor R14 to a further timer t2 formed by capacitor C11 and resistors R15 and R16, the time constant of which is greater than that of the timer t1, the control transistor T4 being connected to the timing element t2.
- the capacitor C11 is also charged via the resistor R14 and the voltage-controlled filter 4 is therefore activated.
- the decay time for the voltage-controlled attenuator 3 and the voltage-controlled filter 4 is determined by the capacitor C11 and the combination of the resistors R15 and R16 in parallel with the resistors R14 and R22 to R24.
- FIG. 6 shows a detail of the connection of the control voltage to the filter A of an embodiment that has been slightly modified compared to FIG. 4.
- the resistor R e is designed as a potentiometer R e ', the two ends of which are connected to the transistor T3 and via a resistor R e to the transistor T4 and the center connection of which to the capacitor C8 is connected.
- the rest of the circuit remains unchanged compared to that of FIG. 4.
- the voltage-controlled filter A is therefore acted upon by a signal voltage taken from the preamplifier 2 and the control voltage that the rectifier circuit 7 supplies.
- a high signal voltage has a dampening effect on the effect of filter A.
- FIG. 7 A further possibility of applying filter A with a signal voltage taken from preamplifier 2 in addition to applying the control voltage is shown in FIG. 7, which can also be used in the circuit according to FIG. 4.
- the transistor T3 is connected via a potentiometer R e 'to the capacitor C8, at the center connection of the transistor T4 is connected via the resistor R e .
- FIG. 5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a hearing device according to the invention, in which a voltage-controlled filter 4 according to FIG. 3 is arranged.
- the capacitors C5 to C7 with the resistors R4 to R6 form a high-pass filter and the resistors R10 ', R11' and R12 with the capacitors C9 ', C10' and C11 'form a low-pass filter, which the four-pole A and B in Fig. 3 correspond.
- the control voltage designated V c1 in FIG. 3 is formed by the rectifier circuit 7, which in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 is formed by the two transistors T7, T8, the diode D and the resistors R18 to R21 and the resistors R25, R26 is removed and fed to the four-pole A via the resistors R8 'and R6. 5, the resistor R18 is used for balancing
- the control voltage designated V c2 in FIG. 3 is taken from the supply voltage and fed via the divider R13 'to R15' to the four-pin connector B, thus changing the operating point of the transistor T4 ', the response threshold of the transistor T3' and thus also that of the High pass A can be adjusted.
- the rectifier circuit 7 is constructed in the embodiment according to FIG. 5 with NPN transistors.
- the rest of the circuit is essentially the same as that of FIG. 4.
- the timer t1 formed by resistors R22 to R24 and capacitor C12, to which the voltage-controlled attenuator 3 formed by transistor T2 is connected, has a smaller time constant than the timer t2 formed by the capacitor C8 'and the resistor R8', to which the four-pole A is connected.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Networks Using Active Elements (AREA)
- Amplifiers (AREA)
- Tone Control, Compression And Expansion, Limiting Amplitude (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT228/90 | 1990-02-02 | ||
AT0022890A AT403978B (de) | 1990-02-02 | 1990-02-02 | Einkanal-schaltung für ein hörgerät |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0446195A2 EP0446195A2 (de) | 1991-09-11 |
EP0446195A3 EP0446195A3 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
EP0446195B1 true EP0446195B1 (de) | 1994-11-09 |
Family
ID=3484961
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91890015A Revoked EP0446195B1 (de) | 1990-02-02 | 1991-01-28 | Einkanal-Schaltung für ein Hörgerät |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5255320A (da) |
EP (1) | EP0446195B1 (da) |
AT (1) | AT403978B (da) |
CA (1) | CA2034176C (da) |
DE (1) | DE59103455D1 (da) |
DK (1) | DK0446195T3 (da) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT403978B (de) * | 1990-02-02 | 1998-07-27 | Viennatone Gmbh | Einkanal-schaltung für ein hörgerät |
US5537477A (en) * | 1994-02-07 | 1996-07-16 | Ensoniq Corporation | Frequency characteristic shaping circuitry and method |
AT401129B (de) * | 1994-12-21 | 1996-06-25 | Viennatone Gmbh | Hörgerät |
US5862238A (en) * | 1995-09-11 | 1999-01-19 | Starkey Laboratories, Inc. | Hearing aid having input and output gain compression circuits |
US20060147060A1 (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-07-06 | Plantronics, Inc. A Delaware Corporation | Multifunction preamplifier microphone |
CN103458349A (zh) * | 2013-09-22 | 2013-12-18 | 北京九鹤科技有限公司 | 一种助听系统 |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT371306B (de) * | 1981-11-03 | 1983-06-27 | Siemens Ag | Hoergeraet |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3571529A (en) * | 1968-09-09 | 1971-03-16 | Zenith Radio Corp | Hearing aid with frequency-selective agc |
US3818149A (en) * | 1973-04-12 | 1974-06-18 | Shalako Int | Prosthetic device for providing corrections of auditory deficiencies in aurally handicapped persons |
FR2522451B1 (fr) * | 1982-03-01 | 1988-10-14 | Audibel | Perfectionnement au circuit de controle automatique de gain d'un systeme d'amplification a transistors et appareil de correction auditive equipe d'un tel circuit |
DE3230327A1 (de) * | 1982-08-14 | 1984-03-01 | Heinrich Drexl KG, 8913 Schondorf | Luftheizungssystem |
JPS61295711A (ja) * | 1985-06-24 | 1986-12-26 | Hitachi Ltd | 演奏装置の音質調整回路 |
US4792977A (en) * | 1986-03-12 | 1988-12-20 | Beltone Electronics Corporation | Hearing aid circuit |
US4790018A (en) * | 1987-02-11 | 1988-12-06 | Argosy Electronics | Frequency selection circuit for hearing aids |
AT403978B (de) * | 1990-02-02 | 1998-07-27 | Viennatone Gmbh | Einkanal-schaltung für ein hörgerät |
-
1990
- 1990-02-02 AT AT0022890A patent/AT403978B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1991
- 1991-01-15 CA CA002034176A patent/CA2034176C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-01-23 US US07/644,911 patent/US5255320A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-01-28 DE DE59103455T patent/DE59103455D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-01-28 DK DK91890015.0T patent/DK0446195T3/da not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-01-28 EP EP91890015A patent/EP0446195B1/de not_active Revoked
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
AT371306B (de) * | 1981-11-03 | 1983-06-27 | Siemens Ag | Hoergeraet |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA2034176C (en) | 1997-07-15 |
AT403978B (de) | 1998-07-27 |
CA2034176A1 (en) | 1991-08-03 |
ATA22890A (de) | 1994-04-15 |
DK0446195T3 (da) | 1994-12-05 |
DE59103455D1 (de) | 1994-12-15 |
EP0446195A3 (en) | 1992-11-25 |
US5255320A (en) | 1993-10-19 |
EP0446195A2 (de) | 1991-09-11 |
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