EP0435889B2 - Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper - Google Patents

Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0435889B2
EP0435889B2 EP89910027A EP89910027A EP0435889B2 EP 0435889 B2 EP0435889 B2 EP 0435889B2 EP 89910027 A EP89910027 A EP 89910027A EP 89910027 A EP89910027 A EP 89910027A EP 0435889 B2 EP0435889 B2 EP 0435889B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
fabric
cut resistant
hardness
yarn
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89910027A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0435889B1 (fr
EP0435889A1 (fr
Inventor
James Jay Dunbar
Mark Benjamin Boone
Charles Paul Weber, Jr.
Robert Charles Wincklhofer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
AlliedSignal Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by AlliedSignal Inc filed Critical AlliedSignal Inc
Publication of EP0435889A1 publication Critical patent/EP0435889A1/fr
Publication of EP0435889B1 publication Critical patent/EP0435889B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0435889B2 publication Critical patent/EP0435889B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/442—Cut or abrasion resistant yarns or threads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/015—Protective gloves
    • A41D19/01505—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing
    • A41D19/01511—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing made of wire-mesh, e.g. butchers' gloves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the use of cut resistant yarns in protective garments.
  • protective garments There are many applications for such protective garments. Meat processing employees exposed to sharp knives require such garments. Metal and glass handlers who must be protected from sharp edges during the handling of materials may use such protective garments. Medical personnel who are exposed to scalpels and other sharp insturments may obtain protection through the use of such garments.
  • US-A-3883898 suggests that an aramid fiber, such as "Kevlar”, be used in cut resistant gloves that are worn by meat processors.
  • US-A-3953893 teaches using an aramid fiber in cut resistant aprons.
  • US-A-4004295 suggests the use of a glove composed of yarn of metal wire and a nonmettalic fiber such as an aramid fiber as protection from knife cuts, especially in meat processing plants.
  • US-A-4384449 and -4470251 also suggest the use of metal wire in combination with aramid fibers.
  • US-A-4651514 suggests the use of a yarn composed of a monofilament nylon core that is wrapped with at least one strand of aramid fiber and a strand of nylon fiber.
  • the stated advantage of this yarn over that suggested in, for example, US-A-4004295 is that this yarn is electrically nonconductive.
  • US-A-4304811 describes a woven fabric, resistant to temperatures above 538°C, formed from a plied yarn, one ply being aramid and the other glass fibre.
  • the fabric is especially intended for use in the manufacture of glass products.
  • ultrahigh molecular weight is meant 300,000 to 7,000,000. Normal molecular weight is then below 300,000.
  • fiber herein is meant any thread, filament or the like, alone or in groups of multifilaments, continuous running lengths or short lengths such as staple.
  • yarn herein is meant any continuous running length of fibers, which may be wrapped with similar or dissimilar fiber, suitable for further processing into fabric by braiding, weaving, fusion bonding, tufting, knitting or the like, of less than 1111 tex (10,000 denier).
  • strand herein is meant either a running length of multifilament end or a monofilament end of continuous fiber or spun staple fibers, preferably untwisted, of less than 222 tex (2,000, denier).
  • the use of metal wire in a cut resistant yarn makes the yarn electrically conductive. This means that a garment made with such a yarn cannot be used in contact with high-voltage electrical equipment.
  • the use of a nylon monofilament, instead of metal wire, in a cut resistant yarn removes the problem of electrical conductivity.
  • the use of nylon monofilament results in a less cut resistant yarn. The nylon is much more easily cut by very sharp edges than is metal wire. Therefore, the yarn as a whole is more easily cut.
  • the present invention overcomes many of the limitations of cut resistant yarns made using the prior art.
  • the present invention can have a cut resistance equal to or beter than that obtained by using yarn containing metal wire, however, it does not have the stiffness or electrical conductivity associated with a yarn containing metal wire.
  • the present invention provides a process for protecting the body from cuts, comprising making a cut resistant fabric from a yarn comprising a plurality of nonmetallic fibers, at least one of said nonmetallic fiber being flexible and inherently cut resistant and at least one other of said nonmetallic fiber having a level of hardness at above 3 on the Mohs hardness scale, and forming said fabric into a cut resistant garment, and applying the garment to a portion of the body to protect it from cuts.
  • the inherently cut resistant fiber is selected from high strength polyethylene, high strength polypropylene, high strength polyvinyl alcohol, aramids, high strength liquid crystal polyesters and mixtures thereof.
  • the fiber having a high level of hardness is preferably selected from glass, ceramic, carbon and mixtures thereof.
  • the fiber having a high level of hardness is a multiple component fiber comprised of a softer core material that is coated with a hard material selected from glass, ceramic, carbon and mixtures thereof.
  • the fiber having a hard level of hardness can also be a composite fiber comprised of softer material that is impregnated with a hard material selected from glass, ceramic, carbon and mixtures thereof.
  • the fiber having a hard level of hardness is coated with an elastomeric coating.
  • the present invention employs a highly cut resistant composite yarn.
  • the yarn is comprised of at least two fibrous materials. All materials in the yarn are nonmetallic. At least one of the materials is required to be highly flexible and inherently cut resistant. At least one of the materials is required to have a high level of hardness.
  • An example of such a yarn results from the combination of glass fiber, which is a hard fibrous material, and high strength, extended-chain polyethylene fiber, which is a flexible and inherently cut resistant fibrous material.
  • Garments, such as gloves, made from yarn of the present invention are highly cut resistant. They are also very flexible and nonconductive.
  • the present invention differs from the prior art in that a nonmetallic, hard fibrous material is used as a component of the yarn used to form protective garments.
  • the only hard fibrous material suggested in the prior art is metal wire.
  • Other materials suggested for this purpose by the prior art, such as nylon, are not considred hard materials.
  • brittle, hard materials such as glass fibers
  • the a cut resistant yarn comprises at least two nonmetallic fibers with at least one being flexible and inherently cut resistant and at least another having a high level of hardness.
  • the level of hardness is above 3 on the Mohs hardness scale. It is preferred that the cut resistant fiber would be resistant to being cut for at least 10 cycles on the cutting apparatus described in U.S. Serial No.
  • the preferred cut resistant fiber is selected from the group consisting of high strength polyethylene, high strenth polypropylene, high strength polyvinyl alcohol, aramids, high strength liquid crystal polyesters and mixtures thereof.
  • the preferred fiber having the high level of hardness is selected from the group consisting of glass, ceramic, carbon and mixtures thereof. It is preferred that the fiber having a high level of hardness have a diameter of at most 12 ⁇ m, most preferrably the diameter is between 2 and 10 ⁇ m.
  • Another preferred fiber having a high level of hardness can be a multiple component fiber of any diameter or thickness which can have a softer core material and an outer coating of the hard material, such as glass, ceramic or carbon.
  • this hard fiber could be a composite fiber of any thickness wherein the matrix is a softer material impregnated with the hard material such as carbon, glass or ceramic. Mixtures of any of the hard fibers mentioned above would also be useful.
  • the fiber having a high level of hardness can be coated with an elastomeric coating.
  • the yarn used according to the present invention is comprised of at least two fibrous materials, with at least one being flexible and cut resistant and at least another which must have a high level of hardness.
  • the desirability of using this particular combination of materials has been made apparent through careful observation of the cutting action of sharp edges against various fibrous materials.
  • ECPE extended-chain polyethylene
  • TM Spectra
  • the present invention requires that at least one of the fibrous materials in the yarn be a flexible, inherently cut resistant material such as, but not limited to, an aramid fiber or ECPE fiber.
  • any nonmetallic, hard fibrous material may be used. Glass fibers and ceramic fibers are common examples of such materials.
  • hard material is any material that has a hardness level such that it is capable of significantly reducing the sharpness of a cutting edge.
  • the form that the hard fibrous material takes can be quite varied.
  • the hard fibrous material can be of uniform composition and continuous in length, such as a continuous filament glass fiber. It may be of noncontinuous length, such as chopped glass fiber. It may be nonuniform in composition.
  • the fibrous material may be composed of an organic fiber coated with layer of ceramic material. Another example would be that of an organic fiber which is impregnated with ceramic particles or fibrils.
  • the hard fibrous material be coated with a continuous layer of elastic material.
  • This coating has several important functions. If the hard material is a multifilament fiber, the coating holds the fiber bundle together and helps protect it from stresses that develop during handling of this fiber before it is placed in the composite yarn. The coating may provide a physical barrier to provide chemical protection for the hard material. Additionally, if the hard material is broken during use, the coating will trap the material so that it will not leave the yarn structure.
  • a cut testing apparatus useful to measure the cut resistance of fibers and yarns used according to this invention is described in copending U.S. Serial No. 223,596 (now US-A-4864852).
  • the cut testing apparatus shall mean the above-described apparatus.
  • Sample A was a knitted glove made from a ECPE fiber, Spectra 1000.
  • the glove was knitted on a 7 gauge Shima Seiki glove knitting machine.
  • the yarn used to produce the glove was composed of 2 ends of 133 tex (1200 denier) fiber, with 39 turns per metre (1 turn per inch) twist in each fiber end, resulting in a yarn of 267 tex (2400 denier).
  • the glove fabric was approximately 1.14 mm (0.045 inches) thick, with a weight of approximately 467.9 g/m 2 (13.8 oz. per sq. yd).
  • Sample B was a woven fabric made using glass fiber (E-glass).
  • the fabric was a satin weave 57x54, using 66 tex (595 denier) untwisted glass fiber, with a thickness of 0.23 mm (0.009 inches) and a weight of 301.8 g/m 2 (8.9 oz. per sq. yd).
  • Sample C was a knitted glove made from the combination of ECPE fibers (Spectra 1000) and a glass fiber (E-glass).
  • the yarn used in the glove was constructed by placing a 66 tex (595 denier) glass fiber and a 72 tex (650 denier) ECPE fiber in the yarn core, with no twist, and wrapping the core in one direction with 72 tex (650 denier) ECPE fiber and then wrapping in the other direction with another 72 tex (650 denier) ECPE fiber.
  • the composite yarn was 322 tex (2900 denier).
  • the glove was knitted on a 7 gauge Shima Seiki glove knitting machine.
  • the glove fabric was approximately 1.40 mm (0.055 inches) thick, with a weight of approximately 610.3 g/m 2 (18 oz. per sq. yd).
  • the test used to measure the cut resistance of the mentioned samples is described in copending U.S. Serial No. 223,596 (now US-A-4864852).
  • the test involves repeatedly contacting a sample with a sharp edge until the sample is penetrated by the cutting edge.
  • the higher the number of cutting cycles (contacts) required to penetrate the sample the higher the reported cut resistance of the sample.
  • the following conditions were used: 135 grams cutting weight, mandrel speed of 52 rpm, rotating steel mandrel diameter of 19 mm, cutting blade drop height of 9 mm, use of a single-edged industrial razor blade (Red Devil brand) for cutting, cutting arm distance from pivot point to center of blade being 15.24 cm (6 inches).
  • the two glove fabrics were tested by cutting fingers from the gloves and mounting the finger on the tester mandrel. The fingers were held on the mandrel with a band clamp placed over the cut end of the fingers.
  • the woven fabric sample (sample B) was tested by cutting a 5.1 x 5.1 cm (2 by 2 inch) piece from the fabric, wrapping the sample around the tester mandrel and holding it on the mandrel with adhesive tape. The woven fabric was mounted so that the cutting blade did not contact the sample where the mounted fabric edges overlapped.
  • the cutting cycles reported are an average of multiple tests. For each test a new, unused razor blade was used so that the sharpness of the cutting edge was the same for each test.
  • Sample A Sample B Sample C Cutting Cycles to Penetrate Sample 45 1 114 Fabric Thickness (mils)/mm 45/1.14 9/0.23 55/1.40 Fabric Weight (oz/sq. yd.)/g/m 2 13.8/467.9 8.9/301.8 18/610.3 Cycles per Thickness (cycles/mils/cycles/ ⁇ m 1.0/25.4 0.1/2.5 2.1/53.4 Cycles per Weight (cycles/oz/sq.yd.)/cycles per gram per square metre) 3.3/0.096 0.1/0.003 6.3/0.187
  • a woven glass fabric was used because of its availability. It would have been desireable to test a knitted glass fabric as well. However, glass fibers are difficult to knit due to their brittleness and such fabrics were not readily available. It is not expected that a knitted glass fabric would have a significantly different level of cut resistance as compared to a woven glass fabric.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
  • Gloves (AREA)
  • Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un objet difficile à couper comprenant une gaine anti-coupe entourant un élément plus facile à couper. Les fils qui composent le tissu de la gaine consistent principalement en une fibre longitudinale présentant une résistance à la rupture d'au moins 1 GPa. Cette fibre est entourée d'une autre fibre ou d'une fibre de la même qualité. Dans un autre mode de réalisation, on décrit un tissu fortement résistant composé d'au moins deux fibres non métalliques. Une des fibres résiste par nature à la coupe comme le polyéthylène de grande résistance, le polypropylène ou les aramides. L'autre fibre des fils présente un haut niveau de dureté.

Claims (8)

  1. Procédé pour protéger le corps contre les coupures, comprenant la fabrication d'un étoffe résistant aux coupures, la formation de ladite étoffe en un vêtement résistant aux coupures et l'application du vêtement à une partie du corps pour le protéger contre les coupures, caractérisé en ce l'étoffe est constituée d'un filé comprenant une multitude de fibres non métalliques, au moins l'une desdites fibres non métalliques étant flexible et résistant aux coupures par inhérence et au moins une autre desdites fibres non métalliques ayant un degré de dureté supérieur à 3 sur l'échelle de dureté Mohs.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre résistant aux coupures par inhérence résiste aux coupures pendant au moins 10 cycles sur l'appareil d'essai des coupures avec un poids de coupe de 135 grammes, une vitesse du mandrin de 50 trm, un diamètre du mandrin en acier de 19 mm, une hauteur de chute de la lame de 9 mm, avec l'utilisation d'une lame de rasoir industrielle à une seule arête de coupe, ladite étoffe étant testée comme une étoffe tricotée comprenant une fibre de 267 tex (2400 deniers), avec une torsion inférieure à 79 tours par mètre (deux tours par pouce), et étant tricotée sur une machine à tricoter de calibre 10 afin d'obtenir un poids de l'étoffe d'environ 373 g/m2 (11 onces par yard carré).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre résistant aux coupures par inhérence est choisie dans le groupe constitué d'un polyéthylène de haute résistance, d'un polypropylène de haute résistance, d'un alcool polyvinyle de haute résistance, des aramides, des polyesters à cristaux liquides de haute résistance et leurs mélanges, et dans lequel la fibre ayant un degré élevé de dureté est choisie dans le groupe constitué du verre, d'une céramique, du carbone et de leurs mélanges, afin de former un filet en étoffe résistant aux coupures.
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre résistant aux coupures par inhérence est choisie dans le groupe constitué d'un polyéthylène de haute résistance, d'un polypropylène de haute résistance, d'un alcool polyvinyle de haute résistance, de polyesters à cristaux liquides de haute résistance, et de leurs mélanges et dans lequel la fibre ayant un degré élevé de dureté est choisie dans le groupe constitué du verre, d'une céramique, du carbone, et de leurs mélanges, afin de former un filet d'une étoffe résistant aux coupures.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre ayant un degré élevé de dureté est une fibre à multiples composants constituée d'un matériau de coeur tendre qui est revêtu d'un matériau dur choisi dans le groupe constitué du verre, d'une céramique, du carbone, et de leurs mélanges.
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre ayant un degré élevé de dureté est une fibre composite qui est constituée d'un matériau tendre imprégné avec un matériau dur choisi dans le groupe du verre, d'une céramique, du carbone, et de leurs mélanges.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la fibre ayant un degré élevé de dureté est recouverte d'un revêtement élastomère.
  8. Gant comprenant une étoffe constituée d'un filé comportant une multitude de fibres non métalliques, au moins l'une desdites fibres non métalliques étant flexible et résistant aux coupures par inhérence, et au moins une autre desdites fibres non métalliques ayant un degré de dureté supérieur à 3 sur l'échelle de dureté Mohs.
EP89910027A 1988-09-26 1989-08-16 Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper Expired - Lifetime EP0435889B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US24952388A 1988-09-26 1988-09-26
PCT/US1989/003512 WO1990003462A1 (fr) 1988-09-26 1989-08-16 Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper
US249523 1999-02-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0435889A1 EP0435889A1 (fr) 1991-07-10
EP0435889B1 EP0435889B1 (fr) 1994-11-30
EP0435889B2 true EP0435889B2 (fr) 1997-06-25

Family

ID=22943838

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89910027A Expired - Lifetime EP0435889B2 (fr) 1988-09-26 1989-08-16 Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0435889B2 (fr)
JP (1) JP2980287B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU4198189A (fr)
CA (1) CA1325103C (fr)
DE (1) DE68919705T3 (fr)
HK (1) HK1006729A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990003462A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CA2103402A1 (fr) * 1992-11-25 1994-05-26 Mark A. Andrews Fil composite contenant des fibres thermoplastiques
DE10040589C1 (de) * 2000-08-15 2002-06-06 Twaron Products Gmbh Schnittschutzkleidung
EP1780318B1 (fr) * 2005-08-01 2012-11-07 SHOWA GLOVE Co. Fibre composite et gants resistants aux coupures fabriques en utilisant cette fibre
US10570538B2 (en) * 2006-05-24 2020-02-25 Nathaniel H. Kolmes Cut, slash and/or abrasion resistant protective fabric and lightweight protective garment made therefrom
DE102006059086A1 (de) 2006-12-12 2008-06-26 Profas Gmbh & Co. Kg Schnittschutzhandschuhe
US7934395B2 (en) * 2009-01-26 2011-05-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Cut-resistant gloves containing fiberglass and para-aramid
DE102010032683A1 (de) 2010-07-29 2012-02-02 Rud Ketten Rieger & Dietz Gmbh U. Co. Kg Schnittfestes Textilmaterial und Verwendung eines bei Gleitschutzvorrichtungen für Fahrzeugreifen eingesetzten Textilmaterials als schnittfestes Textilmaterial
NL2012441B1 (nl) * 2014-03-14 2016-01-06 Calboo Holding B V Beschermdoek.
DE102018006803B4 (de) * 2018-08-27 2020-06-18 Frank Baumann Flipflop-Schuh
US11598027B2 (en) 2019-12-18 2023-03-07 Patrick Yarn Mills, Inc. Methods and systems for forming a composite yarn

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3764206D1 (de) * 1986-06-12 1990-09-13 Allied Signal Inc Schnittfeste ummantelung fuer seile, gurte, riemen, aufblasbare gegenstaende und aehnliches.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0435889B1 (fr) 1994-11-30
JPH04500987A (ja) 1992-02-20
CA1325103C (fr) 1993-12-14
DE68919705T2 (de) 1995-04-13
HK1006729A1 (en) 1999-03-12
WO1990003462A1 (fr) 1990-04-05
EP0435889A1 (fr) 1991-07-10
AU4198189A (en) 1990-04-18
DE68919705T3 (de) 1998-01-08
JP2980287B2 (ja) 1999-11-22
DE68919705D1 (de) 1995-01-12

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