EP0599584A1 - Fil composite avec un composant thermoplastique - Google Patents

Fil composite avec un composant thermoplastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0599584A1
EP0599584A1 EP93309297A EP93309297A EP0599584A1 EP 0599584 A1 EP0599584 A1 EP 0599584A1 EP 93309297 A EP93309297 A EP 93309297A EP 93309297 A EP93309297 A EP 93309297A EP 0599584 A1 EP0599584 A1 EP 0599584A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
composite yarn
core
strand
wire
structure according
Prior art date
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Application number
EP93309297A
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German (de)
English (en)
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Mark A. Andrews
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Individual
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Individual
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D19/00—Gloves
    • A41D19/015—Protective gloves
    • A41D19/01505—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing
    • A41D19/01511—Protective gloves resistant to mechanical aggressions, e.g. cutting. piercing made of wire-mesh, e.g. butchers' gloves
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/24—Resistant to mechanical stress, e.g. pierce-proof
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/12—Threads containing metallic filaments or strips
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D02G3/18—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like
    • D02G3/182—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure
    • D02G3/185—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances from glass or the like the glass being present only in part of the structure in the core
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/38—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn
    • D02G3/385—Threads in which fibres, filaments, or yarns are wound with other yarns or filaments, e.g. wrap yarns, i.e. strands of filaments or staple fibres are wrapped by a helically wound binder yarn using hollow spindles, e.g. making coverspun yarns
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/40—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads
    • D02G3/402—Yarns in which fibres are united by adhesives; Impregnated yarns or threads the adhesive being one component of the yarn, i.e. thermoplastic yarn
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/442—Cut or abrasion resistant yarns or threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/20—Metallic fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2211/00—Protein-based fibres, e.g. animal fibres
    • D10B2211/01—Natural animal fibres, e.g. keratin fibres
    • D10B2211/02—Wool
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2321/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D10B2321/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons
    • D10B2321/042—Fibres made from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds polymers of halogenated hydrocarbons polymers of fluorinated hydrocarbons, e.g. polytetrafluoroethene [PTFE]
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/02—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides
    • D10B2331/021—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyamides aromatic polyamides, e.g. aramides
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2331/00—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products
    • D10B2331/04—Fibres made from polymers obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polycondensation products polyesters, e.g. polyethylene terephthalate [PET]

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to cut-resistant yarns and associated fabrics, cordage, or non-woven products which may be produced with the yarn. It is also related to static dissipative materials, materials reinforced for strength, and abrasion-resistant materials. Most particularly the present invention is related to the above products when containment of a core material is required due to the potential for hazard to the employee, product, or environment if the core material is exposed.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,334,449 to Byrnes teaches the use of a longitudinally positioned wire strand covered with aramid, and the numerous resulting advantages of such wrapped wire.
  • One advantage is superior cut resistance performance, when compared to gloves formed of pure aramid.
  • Byrnes also describes improved knitability on a conventional glove knitting machine, and improved dexterity of a glove knitted from such a wire yarn.
  • U.S. Patent 4,470,251 to Bettcher extends the teachings of the above-mentioned Byrnes patent by illustrating two primary discoveries. First, that two or more smaller wire strands yield greater flexibility than one strand, while allowing a larger quantity of wire to be used, and the use of a longitudinally positioned fibrous strand incorporated with the wire strands further improves flexible movement. Second, Bettcher demonstrates that an outer covering formed of a polyamide such as nylon improves the comfort of the glove to the wearer.
  • Kolmes/Plemmons in U.S. Patents numbered 4,838, 017 and 4,777,789, teach the wrapping of annealed stainless steel wire about a core fiber; wrapping the strands of wire in opposing directions and further increasing flexibility of the fabric while maintaining cut protection. Kolmes/Plemmons also documented a broad range of fibers that can be used in the core and outer wraps of the composite yarn.
  • the present inventor has discovered that the invention taught herein provides a method of containing wire and other materials such as fiberglass when these materials are used as the yarn core.
  • FDA Food and Drug Administration
  • USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • Wire and fiberglass are known to provide additional cut resistance to composite yarns by microscopically altering the edge of the cutting surface. This is due to exceptional high density and abrasiveness which dulls the edge of any cutting instrument or device that contacts the material. Wire and fiberglass also add strength to a yarn.
  • the materials are preferred because of the many benefits they add to a composite relative to the cost. However, these same materials are controversial because they cannot be allowed to escape from the composite yarn into the work place for environmental and/or health reasons.
  • the present invention provides a composite yarn and fabric which may selectively incorporate wire and/or fiberglass and/or other necessary but potentially harmful materials into the basic yarn core, but which offers protection to the worker from exposure to the materials, which materials may fragment or splinter and threaten the health of the worker and also damage the end product.
  • the present invention provides a novel method of forming a containment barrier around a single component or multi-component core of such controversial and potentially contaminating materials, and substantially decreases the risk of these contaminates being released.
  • the foundation of the present invention is a composite yarn which uses melt-fusible thermoplastics to encapsulate and thereby isolate one or more core materials which may present a threat of contamination to workers or the environment.
  • This novel yarn is basically comprised of one or more core materials which are covered in thermoplastics and additional layers of materials which form one or more outer covers. The combination is then heat set to form a flexible fiber barrier which surrounds and entraps the unsafe core.
  • the barrier which contains the selected core is created by melt fusing a thermoplastic material with other differing fiber products in such a way that these undesirable materials are trapped between a shroud of fused fibers and a fiber core.
  • materials which are longitudinally positioned to form the core are encapsulated in a continuous fibrous sheath with no adhesion between the sheath and an inner core yarn.
  • wire it is preferred to trap wire in a fused-fiber layer having a smooth outer surface which is unlikely to bond with subsequent outer cover layers. Because wire itself has a smooth surface unlikely to bond with thermoplastic, it is important that the core bond to the thermoplastic and isolate the wire therebetween. The combination becomes a highly effective containment vehicle that retains a high level of flexibility. While the end product such as a glove may become slightly more rigid after heat treating to retain shape, the composite yarn is highly flexible and can therefore be easily knitted, woven, braided, or otherwise formed into a glove or other product. There are many different materials and processing methods available to form the composite yarn, depending on the end use desired. Conventional covering or wire-wrapping equipment is most suitable to manufacture the composite yarn. Other equipment may be used as needed to preprocess materials which can later be wrapped or used as wraps. Examples are commingle machines, twisting equipment, and extruding machines.
  • the core of the composite yarn is selected from a group of fibers or types of other materials which may be spun, continuous, multifilament, or monofilament,
  • the core is selectively comprised of a single strand or multiple strands of single fiber type or a mixture of fiber types.
  • the core structure is virtually unlimited and may include fiberglass, wire strands, thermo-plastics, and/or other such controversial materials or combinations of such materials.
  • the core structure may be of a plurality of such fibers combined by blend spinning, twisting, extrusion or any other method deemed appropriate to accomplish the desired core and end product.
  • abrasives such as wire or fiberglass perform their function better when locked firmly in place.
  • the function of abrasives in cut resistant yarns has been explained as dulling the cutting edge and thereby increasing the performance of the other high strength fibers.
  • wire When wire is used, it tends to move away from the cutting edge exposing more fiber to the threat.
  • wire When wire is fused in place as with the present invention, it engages the edge more directly and is more abrasive. It effectively shields subsequent layers until the full abrasive effect is used. This is also true with fiberglass. Fiberglass is not effective once it is fragmented and this occurs quickly upon contact with the cutting edge and during normal flexure.
  • the present invention When the cutting threat is from a chopping blow as opposed to a slashing movement, the present invention also exhibits unique abilities.
  • the fused fibers of the invention are pulled in the direction of the cutting edge thus increasing the concentration of protective fiber and abrasives in the threat area. This increases the level of protection to this type of threat.
  • this method of manufacturing creates a yarn with improved abilities to absorb impacts and vibration of all types. This is due to the resilient properties present in the compounds used for fusing the composite together. This characteristic is useful to dampen vibration and provide a measure of protection from blunt trauma.
  • the core containment barrier has been found more useful in containing wire than originally believed. It was believed that longitundinally positioned strands of wire should not exceed .002 inches diameter due to an increased likelihood of puncturing the containment barrier. Success was found with longitudinal wire strands of .006 inch diameter without increasing the overall diameter to the finished yarn. This allows the use of heavier wire strands with minimal risk of barrier puncture.
  • embodiments having cores formed largely of melt fusible thermoplastics become hollow after heat treatment. These embodiments are very unique and exhibit improved ductility. This is important in apparel applications where wearer comfort is important.
  • the selected core is next covered with a layer of material which creates an inner core containment barrier separating the core from the surrounding melt-fusible thermoplastics. This is necessary to prevent the core structure from bonding with the thermoplastics and thereby restricting flexibility. Core materials that are particularly brittle will deteriorate quickly if not allowed to move freely within such a shroud.
  • This inner core containment barrier layer may be of any material which has a higher melt point than the thermoplastics which surround it.
  • a preferred embodiment includes a basic core, and around the circumference of the basic core, the first layer of one or more strands of wire may be wrapped to provide a second component to the basic core.
  • the wire may be wrapped in one direction with one or more strands applied parallel to each other, or the wire may be twisted or combined in any other known way.
  • the wire may also be wrapped in opposing directions relative to each other, with one strand being clockwise, and the other counterclockwise.
  • the preferred wire is an annealed stainless steel 304 with a range of .008'' diameter or smaller. The most preferred is .0045'' for a single wrap, or .003'' for a double wrap.
  • Finer strands may be used when there is a combined plurality of wire strands.
  • using wire of .002'' diameter or more, wrapping is preferred.
  • the wire wrapped about the basic core may be wrapped at a pitch of one to 100 turns per inch as the embodiment requires. It has been observed that the helical shape which is thus formed directs the wire's angle more to the center of the composite yarn structure. This becomes important when a wire strand fractures. Longitudinally positioned wire strands tend to project a rigid point when broken. This rigid point is then so oriented as to puncture the surface when the yarn is flexed and is difficult to contain.
  • an additional layer to be added to the cornposite is selected from the group of melt-fusible thermoplastics. These may be polypropylene; low, high, or ultra-high-density polyethylene; low-melt nylon polyamid; or polyamid blends; or low-melt polyesters. A number of higher melt temperature thermoplastics exist which have not been tested, but are believed to be applicable for higher temperature applications and embodiments.
  • This layer may be applied in several different ways, including wrapping, twisting, spinning about the core and the containment barrier; may be longitudinally positioned with the core, extruded over the core, or blended with the core, commingled with the core, or any combination of these methods.
  • thermoplastics also may be applied to the wire strands prior to wrapping the strands around the basic core.
  • the selected method of combining the thermoplastics with the wire is dependent upon the number and size of the wire strands being utilized.
  • the wire strands may be wrapped, twisted, paralleled, paralleled and wrapped with more thermoplastic, paralleled and wrapped with very fine denier non-thermoplastic, or the wire may be coated by means of any of the more conventional coating methods.
  • thermoplastics for this layer may be monofilament, multifilament, spun or blended with other materials.
  • the percentage of thermoplastic content in this layer is limited only to that which is necessary to properly contain and stabilize the underlying materials.
  • the next layer is the primary core containment barrier and is selected from a broad group of synthetic or organic materials including but not limited to: polyester, nylon, aramid, high density polyethylene, ultra high molecular weight extended chain polyethylene, such as Allied's SpectraTM, cotton, wool, polycotton, rayon, Hoechst Celanese's PBITM, Dupont's TeflonTM, and blends. The exceptions are those materials which are the same as those to be contained, and materials having melt points which are lower than the selected thermoplastic.
  • This layer serves several functions:
  • this third layer be wrapped at the number of turns per inch which provides an angle as close to 90 degrees relative to the wire as feasible. Near perpendicular angles are optimal to allow the finished composite yarn to perform. Present embodiments have attained 70 degree angle at eight (8) turns per inch using 840 denier nylon. In other embodiments it is necessary to apply a lighter denier at a very high range of turns per inch. This is particularly true where multiple ends of wire are wrapped in opposing directions. The turns per inch must be a combination of optimal angles, total encapsulation, density of the layer and the fiber's ability to prevent movement of the wire during the heat cycle.
  • the type 304 alloy of stainless has a coefficient of thermal expansion equal to 10.1 * 10-6 per degree rise in temperature Fahrenheit. If the composite is processed at 295 degrees Fahrenheit then a one-inch section would normally expand to 1.00226846''. While this amount of movement may appear small, it does have the ability to deform the fabric if not controlled. Testing has shown that wire can push through the thermoplastic layer as the wire expands during the heat cycle, and this movement prevents a proper bond from forming because the thermoplastics tend to cool more quickly than wire. This layer ideally should be wrapped with a comparable range of turns per inch as the underlying core using a yarn of sufficient weight or diameter to provide complete coverage and density.
  • This shroud layer may be one or more wraps in similar or opposing directions relative to one another. As with the basic core, this layer can be made up of a multiplicity of yarns, depending on the desired end effect or product.
  • a final, or outer layer may be added.
  • This outer layer is of particular importance when the underlying layer is not capable of absorbing the molten thermoplastic and preventing it from rising to the surface of the finish product (known as "wet out").
  • the fiber content of this outer layer may be selected from the same group as the wire-containment wrap. There may be one or more of these outer wrap layers and each may be similar or dissimilar.
  • the selected material wrap may be of a single strand, multiple strands of a single yarn or a multiplicity of differing yarn fibers or types.
  • This outer layer may also be spun over the underlying layers as with friction spinning equipment.
  • each of the layers be wrapped in opposing directions.
  • This method of wrapping in opposing directions is known as counterbalancing and has the effect of making the yarn balanced, straight, and with separate covering layers that tend to lock together and do not easily fray.
  • the combined selection of yarn fibers and types is based primarily on the end use of the yarn, the fabric or the product.
  • Some of the more common materials are nylon, polyester, aramid, extended chain polyethylene, rayon, cotton, or wool.
  • the fibers/types may be selected from any of the synthetic or natural materials group. Any one of the layers or wraps may serve any of the functions of enhanced cut resistance, abrasion resistance, improved comfort to the wearer, increased thermal performance, enhanced texture for handling special materials, improved knitability, or other such characteristics.
  • the finished novel composite yarn is applicable to knitting, weaving, braiding, twisting, or otherwise forming into a desired fabric or product.
  • the final step of thermoplastic fusion generally takes place. Treatment temperatures and exposure times will vary according to the characteristics of the thermoplastic,, density of the composite and thickness of the article manufactured. With gloves, for example, a typical heat treating method would make use of a glove dotting machine which is designed for precise temperature and exposure time control. Yarns may also be heat treated on the package in a dry or wet yarn conditioning oven.
  • a first embodiment is detailed as having a basic core 20 formed of 840 denier industrial grade nylon.
  • a single wrap 25 of .0045'' diameter annealed stainless wire is applied over core 20, applied at approximately eight turns per inch of core length.
  • Wrapped about this single wire wrap 25 is a low-melt-temperature thermoplastic adhesive layer 30 of a type such as .006'' Shakespeare monofilament NX 1012 terpolyamide forming a wire/thermoplastic layer 32.
  • the thermoplastic barrier layer 30 is applied over wire 25 at approximately 100 turns per inch of wire core length.
  • a prirnary core containment barrier, 35 is applied in the opposite direction (relative to the wire/thermoplastic layer 32) and is preferably formed of 840 denier industrial grade nylon; again wrapped at approximately eight turns per inch of core or yarn length.
  • a final outer layer 40 is comprised of one strand, wrapped in a direction opposite to the underlying layer 35, or approximately eight wraps per inch of core or yarn, formed of 840 denier industrial grade nylon.
  • FIG. 1B Another embodiment shown in Figure 1B features a core material 20' of 1200 denier extended chain polyethylene wrapped with a strand 25' of .0045'' diameter annealed stainless steel at approximately five turns per inch.
  • the .0045'' diameter steel wire 25' is itself wrapped with conventional multifilament or monofilament polyethylene 30' of approximately 200 denier before the wire is wrapped around the core 20'.
  • a subsequent wrap 35' is, in this embodiment, formed of 650 denier extended chain polyethylene at a range of five or six wraps or turns per inch to completely cover the wire layer.
  • the final outer wrapping 40' is formed of 840 denier industrial grade nylon wrapped at approximately eight turns per inch of core or yarn.
  • this second basic embodiment described with reference to the layered structure of Fiber 1B utilizes an extended chain polyethylene having a melt point of approximately 297 degrees Fahrenheit to form layer 35', to wrap or cover the wire which has been previously wrapped with a conventional polyethylene 30' having a melt point of approximately 200 degrees Fahrenheit, to ensure formation of an adhesive bond between the encapsulating primary core containment barrier 35 and the core.
  • a structure is preferred because the conventional polyethylene helps compensate for the poor adhesive performance of extended chain polyethylene.
  • This structure also offers an exceptionally high level of cut resistance and an equally good ability to encapsulate the wire because of extended chain polyethylene's unsurpassed strength and cut resistance.
  • Nylon is used as the outer wrap 40' because of its dissimilarity from the core. If the heat application is not precisely controlled the extended chain polyethylene material can reach the softening point and bond with the outer covers, thus increasing the likelihood of rigidity in the end product.
  • a third embodiment has a core 50 formed of a single strand of 900 denier fiberglass. Positioned longitudinally of this core 50 is an adhesive layer 52 of three spaced apart strands of .006'' Shakespeare NX 1012, strands 52a, 52b, and 52c, having a melt point of 275 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • a single encapsulations shroud or core containment barrier 54 is formed of 840 denier high tenacity nylon wrapped over the underlying materials at approximately eight turns per inch of core or yarn.
  • a subsequent outer cover 56 is formed of the same 840 denier nylon wrapped in the opposite direction (relative to 54) at approximately eight turns per inch.
  • the terpolyamide (melt fusible nylon) does not completely contain the core prior to application of heat. However, during the heat cycle the composite has a sufficient quantity of this melt fusible material to flow around the entire circumference of the core ( Figure 2C). Because the 840 denier nylon encapsulation shroud 54 is a polyamide, an excellent bond is formed with the melt fusible terolyamide 52a,b,c. Residual polymer will adhere to the fiberglass core. The outer wrap 56 is not fused to the encapsulation shroud 54 because there is sufficient layer of the inner wrap to absorb the melt fusible material.
  • Figure 3 illustrates a fourth embodiment which utilizes fourteen strands of 35 micron stainless steel type 304 to form a longitudinally oriented basic core 70.
  • the core 70 is wrapped with 650 denier extended chain polyethylene at five turns per inch to form an inner core containment barrier 72.
  • multiple strands of.005'' low density polyethylene monofilament are added to longitudinally surround the wrapped core, parallel to the fourteen strands of steel which form core 70, thus forming adhesive layer 74.
  • a final outer layer of 200 denier TFE flurocarbon (such as that made by Dupont Corporation and sold under the trademark TeflonTM) is wrapped in the opposite direction (relative to wrap 72) at approximately twelve turns per inch, to form the outer cover or primary core containment barrier 76.
  • unusually fine strands of wire are used to create a highly flexible basic core 70 which has a resulting denier equivalent to 1000 denier; yet each of the individual strands is unable to puncture the relatively fine barrier layer 72.
  • the containment barrier of extended chain polyethylene which forms the inner core containment barrier 72 is preferably Allied Signal's product sold under the trademark Spectra 1000TM.
  • This figure 3 embodiment is somewhat unique when compared to the other embodiments taught herein, in that the final wrap 76 is in direct contact with the adhesive layer 74 and is therefore fused to the other materials. It has been found that due to Teflon'sTM lubricity it must be fused in order to prevent the TeflonTM layer from moving and exposing the materials beneath. Furthermore, TeflonTM does not need to function independently in order to adequately perform in this embodiment. The unusually heavy layer prevents the thermoplastic 74 from flowing to the surface. This embodiment is particularly suited to use in production of a cut resistant surgeon's glove which would be worn so as to underlie the conventional sterile latex glove used in most surgical facilities.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a fifth embodiment wherein a core 90 is formed of 1000 denier Kevlar 29TM (aramid) made by Dupont Corporation. Positioned longitudinally to this core 90, are contained by a layer 94 formed of Dupont Corporation's type 68 polyester of approximately 1000 denier which has been modified to incorporate two parallel strands 95a and 05b and 160 denier polyethylene. This layer 94 is wrapped at approximately five turns per inch in the opposite direction to the wrap of the outer wire layer 92b. A final outer covering 96 is formed of the same polyester and is wrapped at approximately five turns per inch in a direction opposite that of the contained layer 94.
  • This composite yarn is suitable for production of gloves which are knitted and then heat treated for approximately five minutes at 340 degrees Fahrenheit in a conventional glove dotting machine.
  • the adhesive layers 91,a,b,c are beneath the wire layers. Additional thermoplastic is commingled with the primary core containment barrier 94 for ease of processing. Because two strands of wire 92a and 92b are used in opposing directions, the primary core containment barrier 94 is applied outside to the outer wire wrap 92b. Since the first, or inner wire strand is wrapped with the same number of turns and in the same direction as the barrier 94, it would normally push through the commonly oriented filaments of polyester during the heat cycle. By wrapping opposite the outer wire strand, and thereby controlling its expansion, the inner wire strand is thus also controlled.
  • Polyester is useful as an encapsulating shroud and as a final wrap due to its shrinkage of approximately fourteen percent of the heat-set temperature of 340 degrees Fahrenheit. Shrinkage causes the polyester to contract against the expanding wire and form more closely with the core material, establishing a strong adhesive bond.
  • the embodiment in Figure 6 demonstrates there are a variety of yarn constructions that fall within the teachings of this disclosure and claims, and can be used to create the same or similar products.
  • This embodiment is comprised of a core 110 formed of approximately fourteen strands of 35 micron type 304 stainless wire such as that manufactured by Beckert Company. Wrapped about this core 110 is a layer 115 formed by combining a wrapping 115a of 200 denier industrial grade multifilament nylon, wrapped at approximately thirty turns per inch of core, with a paralleled strand 115b of .006'' strand of melt fusible terpolyamide monofilament.
  • the preferred terpolyamide monofilament is Shakespeare NX 1012 which has a melt point of 275 degrees Fahrenheit.
  • a single strand 114 of 1200 denier TFE flurocarbon such as TeflonTM Positioned parallel to the core 110 and overlying 115 is a single strand 114 of 1200 denier TFE flurocarbon such as TeflonTM.
  • TeflonTM is carefully fed through a device which first flares the width of the multifilament, then tapers around the core so as to surround the inner surface of the core 110 and 115 with TeflonTM filaments.
  • a final outer wrap 116 of 20 denier nylon is wrapped at a range of five to eight turns per inch in the opposite direction relative to the inner layer 115. This final wrap 116 holds the TeflonTM in place until the composite yarn is heat treated.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a yarn construction wherein the core 200 is formed of an industrial grade polyester (500 denier) 202 combined with a single strand of .003'', type 304, stainless steel wire 205.
  • the adhcsive layer 210 is helically wrapped about the basic core 200 at approximately seven turns per inch, preferably formed of 350 denier, 70 filament, low density polyethylene.
  • a primary core containment barrier 215 formed of 500 denier industrial grade polyester which is helically wrapped at approximately nine turns per inch.
  • a final outer layer 220 of 1000 denier industrial grade polyester is wrapped in the opposite direction at a pitch of approximately eight turns per inch.
  • the finished yarn is then heat set for approximately two and one-half to two and three-quarter hours, at 280 degrees F. in a steam conditioning unit.
  • the yarn of this embodiment is highly suited for use In construction of industrial gloves and other cut-resistant fabrics.
  • Figure 9 illustrates a basic core 300 of 150 denier textile grade polyester 302 and 100 denier, 70 filament low-density polyethylene 305. Wrapped about this basic core is a single strand 310 of .002'', type 304, stainless steel wire which is wrapped at a pitch of twenty-four turns per inch.
  • the primary core containment barrier 315 (the final layer) is 300 denier textile grade polyester wrapped in a direction opposite that of the wire, at a pitch of approximately ten turns per inch.
  • the finished yarn is then heat set for one and three-quarter hours at 280 degrees in a steam conditioning unit. This embodiment is best suited for finer cut-resistant fabrics and most particularly for cut-resistant surgical gloves.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a cut-resistant glove made from any one of the embodiments of the composite yarn described above. It demonstrates improved cut resistance, flexibility and comfort. Other end products are anticipated to be made from the novel yarn described herein, other embodiments of the yarn are anticipated, and all are believed to be within the scope of the claims below.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
EP93309297A 1992-11-25 1993-11-22 Fil composite avec un composant thermoplastique Withdrawn EP0599584A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US98128292A 1992-11-25 1992-11-25
US981282 1992-11-25

Publications (1)

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EP0599584A1 true EP0599584A1 (fr) 1994-06-01

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ID=25528265

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EP93309297A Withdrawn EP0599584A1 (fr) 1992-11-25 1993-11-22 Fil composite avec un composant thermoplastique

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EP (1) EP0599584A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH06280121A (fr)
AU (1) AU5195293A (fr)
CA (1) CA2103402A1 (fr)

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US5965223A (en) * 1996-10-11 1999-10-12 World Fibers, Inc. Layered composite high performance fabric
US6132871A (en) * 1992-11-25 2000-10-17 Andrews; Mark A. Composite yarn with thermoplastic liquid component
WO2001079759A1 (fr) * 2000-04-17 2001-10-25 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Structure textile a utiliser comme membrane de bruleur a gaz
EP1160363A1 (fr) * 2000-06-01 2001-12-05 Supreme elastic corporation Fil composite à enroulements de fil metallique
FR2818503A1 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-28 Lebon Prot Ind Equipement de protection contre la coupure tricote en filament de verre enrobe
CN107090634A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2017-08-25 浙江蒙泰特种材料科技有限公司 耐切割纱线及耐切割耐刺面料
CN108193340A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-22 连云港银飞纤维科技有限公司 一种生产新型仿皮弹性面料包覆纱的制备方法及其应用
CN112941689A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2021-06-11 赛立特(南通)安全用品有限公司 一种复合纱线及其加工设备
WO2022037543A1 (fr) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-24 赛立特(南通)安全用品有限公司 Fil composite, procédé de traitement et équipement de traitement associé, et article de protection

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JP3595212B2 (ja) * 1999-09-29 2004-12-02 グンゼ株式会社 カバリング糸条体
US6254988B1 (en) * 2000-06-16 2001-07-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Comfortable cut-abrasion resistant fiber composition
US7121077B2 (en) * 2000-10-31 2006-10-17 World Fibers, Inc. Antimicrobial cut-resistant composite yarn and garments knitted or woven therefrom
US7409815B2 (en) * 2005-09-02 2008-08-12 Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. Wire rope incorporating fluoropolymer fiber
KR100934271B1 (ko) * 2009-08-17 2009-12-28 (주)황성 고강력 복합가공사
US20190037943A1 (en) * 2016-01-25 2019-02-07 Satoshi BINSHU Tough yarn, knitted and woven fabric with cutting resistance and glove
CN105926104B (zh) * 2016-06-20 2019-07-30 常州科旭纺织有限公司 手感舒适的高防割纱线及其生产方法和应用
JP2019194379A (ja) * 2018-05-02 2019-11-07 豊 備酒 強靱糸及び耐切創性を備えた編織物

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US4777789A (en) * 1986-10-03 1988-10-18 Kolmes Nathaniel H Wire wrapped yarn for protective garments
WO1990003462A1 (fr) * 1988-09-26 1990-04-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper
US4921756A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-05-01 Springs Industries, Inc. Fire resistant balanced fine corespun yarn and fabric formed thereof

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US4777789A (en) * 1986-10-03 1988-10-18 Kolmes Nathaniel H Wire wrapped yarn for protective garments
WO1990003462A1 (fr) * 1988-09-26 1990-04-05 Allied-Signal Inc. Fils, tissu et gants difficiles a couper
US4921756A (en) * 1989-03-03 1990-05-01 Springs Industries, Inc. Fire resistant balanced fine corespun yarn and fabric formed thereof

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6132871A (en) * 1992-11-25 2000-10-17 Andrews; Mark A. Composite yarn with thermoplastic liquid component
US5965223A (en) * 1996-10-11 1999-10-12 World Fibers, Inc. Layered composite high performance fabric
WO2001079759A1 (fr) * 2000-04-17 2001-10-25 N.V. Bekaert S.A. Structure textile a utiliser comme membrane de bruleur a gaz
EP1160363A1 (fr) * 2000-06-01 2001-12-05 Supreme elastic corporation Fil composite à enroulements de fil metallique
FR2818503A1 (fr) * 2000-12-22 2002-06-28 Lebon Prot Ind Equipement de protection contre la coupure tricote en filament de verre enrobe
CN107090634A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2017-08-25 浙江蒙泰特种材料科技有限公司 耐切割纱线及耐切割耐刺面料
CN108193340A (zh) * 2017-12-25 2018-06-22 连云港银飞纤维科技有限公司 一种生产新型仿皮弹性面料包覆纱的制备方法及其应用
CN112941689A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2021-06-11 赛立特(南通)安全用品有限公司 一种复合纱线及其加工设备
WO2022037543A1 (fr) * 2020-08-17 2022-02-24 赛立特(南通)安全用品有限公司 Fil composite, procédé de traitement et équipement de traitement associé, et article de protection
CN112941689B (zh) * 2020-08-17 2022-09-23 赛立特(南通)安全用品有限公司 一种复合纱线及其加工设备
US11982023B2 (en) 2020-08-17 2024-05-14 Select (Nantong) Safety Products Co., Ltd. Composite yarns, processing methods and processing devices thereof, and protective equipment

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH06280121A (ja) 1994-10-04
AU5195293A (en) 1994-06-09
CA2103402A1 (fr) 1994-05-26

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