Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
  • C11D1/02—Anionic compounds
  • C11D1/04—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
  • C11D1/08—Polycarboxylic acids containing no nitrogen or sulfur
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof
  • C11D3/2082—Polycarboxylic acids-salts thereof

Definitions

• the present invention relates to water-containing liquid detergent preparations for textile materials which contain 5 to 30% by weight of a 3-alkyl or 3-alkenyladipic acid derivative of the general formula I.
• R1 denotes a straight-chain or branched C8-C30 alkyl or alkenyl radical and M represents alkali metal or alkanolammonium.
• EP-A 060 224 recommends 3-alkyladipic acids as anti-corrosion agents, in particular for use in aqueous metalworking formulations, anti-freeze compositions and water-based hydraulic fluid compositions.
• Water-containing liquid detergent preparations often tend not to form sufficiently stable solutions due to the high ionic surfactant content and the resulting electrolyte salt concentrations. So they often separate after long storage and result in several phases.
• the individual components of the formulation are often not compatible with one another. Attempts have been made to remedy this disadvantage by adding auxiliaries - so-called solubilizers or hydrotropes such as aryl sulfonates, mono- or dihydric alkanols or polyalkylene glycols - but these substances are often not yet sufficiently effective and also represent an additional non-detergent component.
• the present invention was therefore based on the object of already providing sufficient storage-stable liquid detergent formulations.
• R1 denotes a straight-chain or branched C8-C30-alkyl radical, for example n-octyl, iso-octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, iso-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n -Tridecyl, iso-tridecyl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, eicosyl and hexacosyl, or C8-C30 alkenyl, for example oleyl, linolyl and linolenyl.
• Straight-chain or branched C12-C20 alkyl or alkenyl radicals are preferred.
• the cation M preferably represents alkali metal such as lithium, potassium and especially sodium, but also alkanolammonium such as ethanolammonium, diethanolammonium, triethanolammonium and triisopropanolammonium.
• the compounds I are present in the liquid detergent formulations in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight, preferably 5 to 20% by weight.
• alkyl radical R2 come e.g. n-octyl, iso-octyl 1 2-ethylhexyl, n-nonyl, iso-nonyl, n-decyl, n-undecyl, n-dodecyl, n-tridecyl, iso-tridecyl, myristl, cetyl, stearyl and eicosyl.
• C10-C16 alkyl radicals are important.
• the underlying alkanols can be naturally occurring fatty alcohols or synthetically produced oxo alcohols.
• the group A preferably denotes an ethylene group, and also a propylene, 1,2-butylene or 2,3-butylene group.
• the degree of alkoxylation p in particular has a value of 4 to 15, p normally represents an average.
• the compounds II are advantageously used in the liquid detergent formulations in an amount of 10 to 30% by weight, preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
• the water-containing liquid detergent preparations are usually alkaline and therefore usually have a pH between 7 and 8.5. They can contain anionic surfactants, additional nonionic surfactants, polymers, complexing agents and other auxiliaries in the usual amounts as further constituents.
• the total surfactant content in the detergent formulation is generally 10 to 55% by weight.
• Suitable anionic surfactants are, for example, sodium alkylbenzenesulfonates, fatty alcohol sulfates and fatty alcohol polyglycol ether sulfates.
• Individual compounds of this type are, for example, C8 to C12 alkyl benzene sulfonates, C12 to C16 alkane sulfonates, C12 to C16 alkyl sulfates, C12 to C16 alkyl sulfosuccinates and sulfated ethoxylated C12 to C16 alkanols.
• anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid alkanolamines, fatty acid monoglycerides or reaction products of 1 to 4 moles of ethylene oxide with primary or secondary fatty alcohols or alkylphenols.
• fatty acid esters or fatty acid amides of hydroxy or aminocarboxylic acids or sulfonic acids such as, for example, the fatty acid sarcosides, glycolates, lactates, taurides or isethionates.
• the anionic surfactants can be in the form of the sodium, potassium and ammonium salts and also as soluble salts of organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine or other substituted amines.
• the anionic surfactants also include the usual soaps, i.e. the alkali salts of natural fatty acids.
• nonionic surfactants e.g. Addition products of 3 to 40, preferably 4 to 20, mol of ethylene oxide with 1 mol of unsaturated fatty alcohol, alkylphenol, dialkylphenol, fatty acid, fatty amine, fatty acid amide or alkanesulfonamide can be used.
• non-or not completely water-soluble polyglycol ethers with 1 to 4 ethylene glycol ether residues in the molecule are also of interest, in particular if they are used together with water-soluble nonionic or anionic surfactants.
• non-ionic surfactants which can be used are the water-soluble adducts of ethylene oxide with 20 to 250 ethylene glycol ether groups and 10 to 100 propylene glycol ether groups with polypropylene glycol ether, alkylene diaminopolypropylene glycol and alkyl polypropylene glycols with 1 to 10 C atoms in the alkyl chain, in which the polypropylene glycol ether chain acts as a hydrophobic residue.
• Nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide or sulfoxide type and alkylglucosides with straight-chain or branched C8-C18 alkyl radicals can also be used.
• Usable polymers are, for example, copolymers of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and maleic acid or maleic anhydride or copolymers of an olefin such as diisobutene and maleic anhydride, it being possible for the carboxyl groups in the polymers to be partially esterified.
• the detergent formulations generally contain up to 10% by weight of the polymers.
• Suitable complexing agents are, for example, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid and isoserinediacetic acid.
• the complexing agents are usually used as alkali metal salts and are generally used in amounts of up to 10% by weight.
• the liquid detergents can contain small amounts of other customary solubilizers or hydrotopics, for example ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, 1, 2-propanediol, Cumene sulfonate, toluenesulfonate, xylene sulfonate or polypropylene glycol to enhance the solution-stabilizing effect of the compounds I.
• other customary solubilizers or hydrotopics for example ethanol, n-propanol, isopropanol, 1, 2-propanediol, Cumene sulfonate, toluenesulfonate, xylene sulfonate or polypropylene glycol to enhance the solution-stabilizing effect of the compounds I.
• Stabilizers such as citrates or di- or triethanolamine, opacifiers, optical brighteners, enzymes, perfume oils and dyes can be used as further auxiliaries. If they are used to modify the liquid detergents, these auxiliaries are usually present in amounts of up to 5% by weight.
• the liquid detergent formulations are preferably phosphate-free. However, they can also contain phosphates, e.g. Pentasodium triphosphate or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate. If phosphates are used, the proportion of phosphates in the formulation is at most 25% by weight. Instead of phosphates, the same amount of zeolite A can also be used.
• phosphates e.g. Pentasodium triphosphate or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate. If phosphates are used, the proportion of phosphates in the formulation is at most 25% by weight. Instead of phosphates, the same amount of zeolite A can also be used.
• the compounds I are outstandingly suitable for stabilizing water-containing liquid detergent preparations. Because of their solubilizing effect, the use of conventional solubilizers or hydrotopics can be partially or completely dispensed with. At least their proportion of the detergent formulation can be reduced considerably.
• the compounds I also have washing-active properties themselves, they can serve as a substitute for conventional anionic surfactants or at least greatly reduce their proportion. In particular, it solves the problem of poor compatibility of, for example, complexing agents such as nitrilotriacetic acid or of polymers with the liquid detergent formulations, since such solutions no longer tend to phase separation if they contain the compounds I.
• the washing effect which is achieved with the formulations containing the compounds I is generally better than with formulations which are based only on the customary anionic surfactants.
• Polyester-cotton test fabric 20D from the laundry research in Krefeld (DE) with standard soiling was used for the washing tests.
• Primary washing capacity means the ability of a detergent to remove dirt (especially greasy dirt) or stains from the fabric.
• the degree of whiteness was determined photometrically in the Zeiss Elrepho; The proportion of white light reflected from the tissue (remission) was measured in each case.
• the Launder-O-meter from Altas was used as the washing device.
• Table 1 shows the values of the measured degrees of whiteness.
• the replacement of sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (Examples 1 to 4) or of calico coconut soap (Examples 5 to 8) by equal amounts of a 3-alkyladipic acid derivative I shows, compared to the prior art (Comparative Example A)
• Table 2 shows the results of these tests.
• the formulations stabilized by a 3-alkyladipic acid derivative I give significantly better results.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)

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Citations (4)

• 1989
  • 1989-12-28 DE DE19893943159 patent/DE3943159A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1990
  • 1990-12-18 EP EP19900124483 patent/EP0435126A3/de not_active Withdrawn

Patent Citations (4)

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