EP0431485A1 - Cooling system - Google Patents

Abstract

The card is equipped with means for dissipating heat from the cylinder casing. …<IMAGE>…

Description

This invention relates to a cooling system for a card

State of the art

The carding process is characterized today by increasing material flow (production) with a constant work surface. Since mechanical work inevitably leads to the generation of heat, increasing temperature problems must be expected. In particular, the generation of heat in the working area of the card can lead to different thermal expansions when the temperature differences between the components are too great and thus also to changes in the technologically important settings.

Such problems have already been recognized and have been described in European Patent Specification No. 77166, with only a liquid transport system being provided within the drum to compensate for the temperature conditions on the outer circumference of the drum to solve these problems.

It will be clear that, during operation, "access" to such a liquid transport system can only take place via the reel axis, which has the potential to influence the

Conditions in this system are very limited, so that the target (uniform temperature conditions) may prove to be unreachable.

The invention

The invention provides on the one hand a card which is provided with means for dissipating heat from the drum casing and on the other hand a carding method, characterized in that heat is removed from the drum casing during carding.

• die Erfindung setzt sich das Ziel, Wärme abzuführen und nicht bloss zu verteilen,
• die Tambourverschalung ist (mindestens im Vergleich zur Innenseite des Tambours) auch während des Kardierens ausserhalb einzelner Bereiche gut zugänglich, es kann dementsprechend ein relativ komplexes System zum Abführen von Wärme aufgebaut werden,
• ein System nach dieser Erfindung kann dem Wärmeanfall im Arbeitsbereich der Karde angepasst werden, d.h. es kann Wärme selektiv aus den Zonen der Karde abgeführt werden, wo sie beim Kardieren erzeugt wird; auf diese Weise können "heisse Zonen" vermieden werden,
• wenn Wärme aus den Hauptarbeitszonen abgeführt werden kann, dann reicht unter Umständen der "Lufthaushalt" der Karde aus, um einen Temperaturausgleich über den Umfang des Tambours zu erreichen.

This invention differs from the prior art by many features, some of which have concrete advantages, for example:

• the aim of the invention is to dissipate heat and not merely to distribute it,
• the drum casing is easily accessible (at least compared to the inside of the drum) even during carding outside of individual areas, so a relatively complex system for dissipating heat can be built up,
• a system according to this invention can be adapted to the amount of heat generated in the working area of the card, ie heat can be selectively removed from the zones of the card where it is generated during carding; in this way "hot zones" can be avoided,
• if heat can be dissipated from the main working zones, the card's "air balance" may be sufficient to achieve temperature compensation over the circumference of the reel.

The means for dissipating heat can comprise at least one heat conductor which is in a heat-transferring relationship to a part of the drum casing. This heat conductor can comprise a channel, in which a current can be generated from a heat-absorbing medium. This stream can be pneumatic or hydraulic in nature. During operation, the said means can be integrated in a heat dissipation system which is designed to give off the heat dissipated to a predetermined sink. Such a system can be provided with a device for generating a flow of the heat-dissipating medium in said channel. Such a system comprises, for example, an electricity-generating means (a fan or a pump) and optionally a heat exchanger. A Such a system can be combined, for example, with an air conditioning or dust removal system.

The heat conductor can be manufactured separately from the drum formwork and attached to this formwork at the desired locations. However, the (or each) heat conductor is preferably integrated in the drum casing. Formwork elements suitable for this purpose have been described in our Swiss patent application with the title "Drum formwork segments" (the "sister application"), certain examples of such segments also being shown in the figures of the drawings of this application and described below as examples.

Each heat conductor preferably extends in the axial direction over the entire working width of the reel. Heat can be dissipated in the direction of one, the other or even both sides of the drum. A conductor extending in the axial direction preferably has a constant cross section over the entire working width.

A heat conductor in the form of a channel for a flowing medium can be formed from a plurality of drum shuttering elements (e.g. cover) arranged next to one another - optionally together with an additional element for closing the channel laterally.

The system can be designed in such a way that the cooling effect is adapted to the amount of heat generated, ie more heat is dissipated from zones of the work area where more heat is generated during operation. Such zones are, for example, those where carding work is carried out, ie where fibers are processed between sets of drum and unfilled sets of formwork elements. Where no carding work is done, only weaker cooling can be achieved.

Fig. 1

(schematisch) eine Karde mit Tambourverschalungssegmenten nach der Schwesteranmeldung,

Fig. 2

Tambourverschalungselemente für eine Karde nach Fig. 1,

Fig. 3

eine schematische Draufsicht von einem Endteil eines Segmentes nach Fig. 2 zusammen mit einer Aufhängung dafür

Fig. 4

eine schematische Seitenansicht von der Aufhängung nach Fig. 3

Fig. 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Wanderdeckelanordnung,

Fig. 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer Modifikation der Anordnung nach Fig. 5 zum Verwirklichen eines Systems nach dieser Erfindung auch im Deckelbereich

Fig.7A,7B

Schematische Seitenansichten von Karden zur Erklärung des Grundprinzips

Fig. 8

eine schematische Darstellung eines Kühlsystems, das sich in dem in Fig. 7 dargestellten Prinzip beruht, und

Fig. 9

eine schematische Darstellung einer Verbindung zwischen einem Segment nach Fig. 2 und einem System nach Fig. 8.

The invention will now be explained in more detail on the basis of exemplary embodiments using the figures of the drawings. It shows:

Fig. 1

(schematically) a card with drum shuttering segments after the sister registration,

Fig. 2

Drum shuttering elements for a card according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 3

is a schematic plan view of an end part of a segment of FIG. 2 together with a suspension therefor

Fig. 4

3 shows a schematic side view of the suspension according to FIG. 3

Fig. 5

1 shows a schematic illustration of a revolving cover arrangement,

Fig. 6

a schematic representation of a modification of the arrangement of FIG. 5 for realizing a system according to this invention also in the lid area

Fig. 7A, 7B

Schematic side views of cards to explain the basic principle

Fig. 8

is a schematic representation of a cooling system, which is based on the principle shown in Fig. 7, and

Fig. 9

3 shows a schematic representation of a connection between a segment according to FIG. 2 and a system according to FIG. 8.

1 shows a schematic side view of the reel 30 of a card, the end parts 32, 34 of a revolving cover arrangement, which defines the main carding zone, a Briseur 36 and a customer 38. The direction of rotation of the reel around its axis A is indicated by the arrow D.

In the pre-carding zone (between the beater 36 and the outlet end 34 of the revolving cover arrangement) there is a dirt separating device 38 and a drum shuttering segment 40 preceding this device. The device 38 comprises two drum shuttering segments 42, 44 which should be described in more detail below.

The post-carding zone (between the inlet end 32 of the revolving cover arrangement and the customer 38) is provided with a further dirt separating device 46, which is interchangeable with the device 38 and should therefore not be described individually.

In the sub-carding zone (between the pickup 38 and the beater 36) there is also a dirt separating device 48 and four drum shuttering segments 50. Device 48 is interchangeable with the two devices 38 and 46 and the segments 50 are interchangeable with the segment 40.

The basic principle of this invention will be explained below with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B before preferred arrangements are explained in more detail with reference to the other figures. 7A and 7B show again (purely schematically) the drum 30 with direction of rotation D and a traveling deck arrangement 31 with direction of movement R.

In FIG. 7A it was assumed that the pre-, post- and sub-carding zones were only interconnected by simple sheet metal parts 33, 35, 37. According to this invention, a "heat conductor" in the form of a channel is attached to at least one such sheet metal part. In FIG. 7A it was assumed that each sheet metal part was provided with at least one channel 39 (the sheet metal part 37 in the subcarding zone even with two such channels). Each channel 39 extends in the axial direction across the full width of the working area of the card. The channel is attached to the sheet metal part in such a way that heat is transferred from the sheet metal part to the channel. In operation, a medium (liquid or gas) flows through the channel, as will be explained in more detail below in connection with FIG. 8, so that the heat transferred to the channel is dissipated through the medium.

8 schematically shows a cooling system which comprises the channels 39, an exhaust pipe 51 and (for a pneumatic system) a fan or (for a hydraulic system) a pump 53. A connection to the suction pipe 51 is provided for each channel 39, which has been indicated schematically in FIG. 8 with pillar 55 and is to be described below in connection with the other figures.

In the case of a pneumatic system, the cooling air can be drawn out of the spinning room and, if necessary, can be returned to the surroundings by the fan. A hydraulic system requires a closed circuit, as indicated by the dashed return pipe 55 in FIG. 8. A heat exchanger 57 must be provided in this circuit. The ambient air can serve as a heat sink. Where it is not desirable to use the air in the spinning room to "dispose" of the heat generated, the heat can be conducted to another sink using the known principles of thermal engineering. 8 can be integrated in the air conditioning system of the spinning mill.

A pneumatic system can of course also comprise a closed circuit for the cooling air, in which case a heat exchanger similar to heat exchanger 57 becomes necessary. The cooling system can thus be isolated from the spinning room air, which may be desirable on the part of the cooling system (flight-loaded spinning room air) and / or the spinning room (conditioned air). Instead of cooling air, another coolant, for example a liquid coolant, can also be used.

The cooling system can be integrated with the card's Trosh disposal system. Our European patent application No. 340458 shows e.g. a device for dedusting a card, after which a movable air collecting line is provided. This air manifold could e.g. also serve as a suction pipe 51 according to FIG. 8.

It will be clear that the stationary sheet metal parts 33, 35, 37 (compared to the inside of the drum) are easily accessible. Accordingly, the (each) channel can easily take a complicated course over the outer surface of the respective sheet metal part, care being taken to ensure that no deformation of the sheet metal parts is caused by an uneven temperature profile.

It will also be clear that no work is actually done between the drum and such simple sheet metal parts. Accordingly, the heat generation in the corresponding zones of the carding area is relatively low. The sheet metal parts only serve as a means of transferring heat that actually arises in the carding area (between the revolving cover and the reel).

However, this does not apply to a system according to FIG. 1. A simplified version of this system has been shown again in FIG. 7B, where each dirt separating device has been shown with two carding segments 41 and the sub-carding zone with a sheet metal casing 43. Since carding work must be carried out between the carding segments 41 and the drum, heat is generated in the corresponding zones of the working area. Each segment 41 is therefore provided with a respective channel 39 so that the heat generated can be dissipated as directly as possible. Under certain circumstances, it is then possible to forego heat transfer from the sheet metal casing. However, it can also be present, as has been indicated by dashed lines.

In both cases (FIGS. 7A and 7B) heat is generated in the revolving cover arrangement 31 and heat transfer from this area would also be advantageous. A suitable system has been shown schematically in FIGS. 5 and 6.

FIG. 5 schematically shows a revolving cover arrangement with a multiplicity of individual T-shaped cover rods 45, of which each rod carries a set (not shown). The rods 45 are attached to endless supports (not shown) and moved together in the direction of movement R. Figure 6 shows that channels 47 can be formed between adjacent bars 45, e.g. by spanning the inner ends of the rods through a convertible top element 49. Through the channels 47, currents from a gaseous medium can possibly be generated during operation for heat dissipation.

It is not necessary to form channels 47 between all bars 45 of the arrangement. The main carding work is carried out on the first revolving lids above the material inlet (breeze), that is in zone Z (Fig. 5). It will usually suffice to dissipate heat from 6 to 12 rods in this zone (including the rod at the inlet end of the zone). The top element 49 can accordingly be short.

The measures proposed so far all require the attachment of an additional element to / in a known arrangement. The segments shown in the sister application, which should now be described again in connection with FIG. 2, provide the possibility of integrating heat dissipation channels into the drum casing from the outset.

2 shows the adjoining segments 50, 42 on a larger scale. The simpler segment 50 comprises a first plate-shaped part 52 and a second plate-shaped part 54, which comprises two flat side sections 56 and a curved central section 58. The plate-shaped parts 52, 54 are connected to one another via side walls 60 and intermediate walls 62 in order to form three longitudinal channels 64.

The segment extends with a constant cross-section over the entire width (axial length) of the reel 30 and it is fastened to the side plates of the card (the card frame) by means of suitable fastening means (to be described below). The segment 50 is produced as an extruded profile made of light metal (e.g. aluminum). The shape of the segment enables a very thin-walled construction which nevertheless enables the required rigidity of the segment over the entire working width. The wall thickness of segment 50 can e.g. are in the range of 2 mm to 8 mm.

The rigidity of the segment is important in order to keep a setting of the fiber guide or fiber guide surface 66 that has been determined once as constant as possible over the entire working width in relation to the clothing wound on the reel. This fiber guide surface 66 forms the outer jacket surface from the working area of the card over the angular area W corresponding to segment 50 (FIG. 1, shown for identical segment 40) of the pre-carding zone (for the meaning of such an angular area see our German patent application 3835776). The stiffening of the fiber guide part 52 given by the plate-shaped part 54 enables close tolerances in the setting of this guide part to be maintained, despite the thin-walled construction, which results in weight and material savings.

The more complex segment 42 also includes an inner plate-shaped part 68 and an outer plate-shaped part 78. These parts are connected to one another by a side wall 72, a side wall 74 and an intermediate wall 76 to form two longitudinal channels 78. The segment 42 is also made as an extruded profile made of light metal. This design also gives the segment 42 the advantages of low weight and high rigidity.

The segment 42 does not serve directly as a fiber influencing element, but rather as a carrier for the actual working elements which are to be fixed to the part 68. Such Elements are well known to those skilled in the art and will therefore not be described in detail here. For example, they comprise three rods 78A, 78B and 78G (indicated by dashed lines) which are fastened to the part 68 by screws (not shown). The fastening screws (not shown) for the upper rod 78G extend through a series of bores 80 (indicated by dashed lines, only one bore 80 is visible in FIG. 2) in the side wall 74. Similarly, there are a series of bores 82 in the intermediate wall 76 for mounting fastening screws for the central rod 78B. The side wall 72 is also provided with a series of holes 84 for receiving fastening screws for the lower rod 78G. The three rods can each be provided with a fiber-processing set, as has been shown, for example, in Swiss Patent No. 662804. This set can be, for example, a needle set, a saw tooth set or just a structured surface in accordance with our Swiss patent application No. 4103/88.

The contact surfaces for the three rods on part 68 are matched to the curvature of the drum so that the width of each rod extends perpendicular to a respective radius of the drum when the segment is optimally adjusted.

The side wall 72 is provided with an extension 86, which has a longitudinal groove 88 in its surface facing the segment 40. The groove 88 contains an elastomeric sealing element 90 or a hollow body. The segments 50, 42 and 40, 42 are mounted side by side on the card in such a way that the sealing element 90 is in contact with a lip 92 on the segment 50, 40. The segment 50, 40 also has a longitudinal groove 94 next to the lip 92 and is provided with its own sealing element 96, which is also in contact with the sealing element 90 from the segment 42. Leakage flows between the segments (50) 40, 42 can thereby largely be prevented, which means better control over the air balance over the working area of the card. Thereby pollution of the environment of the drum is also avoided.

Where two fiber guide segments 50 are lined up, e.g. in the sub-carding zone, the gaps between adjacent segments can also be sealed. For this purpose, the sealing element 96 already described also serves a further sealing element 98 (FIG. 2) in a groove 100 which opens in the opposite direction with respect to the groove 94.

The wall 74 is also provided with an extension 102 which has a surface 104 which is oblique to the radial plane of the drum. This surface 104 can be used as a support surface for a dirt removal knife (106) (FIG. 3). The knife 106 has a through bore 108 and a screw 110 extends through this bore 108 into a threaded bore 110 (FIG. 2) in the extension 104 of the segment in order to fasten the knife to this extension.

3 shows a part of a dirt separating device which can work, for example, according to the principle of the above-mentioned Swiss patent application No. 4103/88. This device comprises two segments, of which one segment 42 has already been described and the second segment 44 is very similar in construction to the first segment 42, but is mounted opposite the card in the opposite sense, so that the surface 104 (FIG. 2 ) from segment 42, faces a surface 104A from segment 44. The segment 44 has an abbreviated extension 102A and the two segments 42, 44 are placed side by side in such a way that a gap 112 between the two extensions 102, 102A remains open. This gap 112 serves as an access opening to a suction channel 114, which is held by a resilient holding element 116 in contact on the one hand with the surface 104A of the segment 44 and on the other hand with the knife 106. The holding element 116 is attached to the segment 44 by a suitable means (not shown).

The suction channel 114 is in the form of a tube which extends over the entire working width of the card and is provided with an opening 118 opposite the gap 112. The mode of operation of this dirt separating device is generally known and will not be described in more detail here, since this invention is not directed towards the principle of the dirt separating method, but rather towards the construction of the dirt separating device.

The suspension of the various elements on the frame of the card will now be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. The segments 40, 50 can be attached to the frame without difficulty by means of fixing screws (not shown) and bores in the end parts of the segment. The accuracy of the manufacture of the segment and its rigidity make it possible to dispense with more complicated adjustment means. For the segments 42, 44, however, a special suspension with an adjusting means has been designed, as will be described below with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5.

FIG. 4 shows an end part of segment 42, viewed in the direction of arrow IV (FIG. 3), together with the corresponding suspension, which has been indicated generally by reference number 120. 5 shows the suspension alone, viewed in the direction of the arrow IV of FIG. 4. The end face 122 of the segment 42 is provided with two bores 124, 126 extending in the longitudinal direction of the segment. A bolt 128 is pressed into the bore 126 and thereby mounted in the segment 42. The other bore 124 serves to receive a second bolt 130, which forms part of the suspension 120, as will be explained in more detail below. The other end part of the segment 42, not shown, is also provided with two bores which each run coaxially with a bore 124, 126 and thus define two longitudinal axes 132, 134. The suspension 120 (see also FIG. 5) comprises a fastening plate 136 which is fastened to a bearing plate 140 of the card by screws 138. The plate 130 has a hub 142 with a bore (not indicated) which extends in the radial direction of the drum and which is provided with a thread.

The suspension 120 further comprises an adjusting device with a hub part 144 and two wings 146, 148. The hub part 144 has a threaded through-bore (not particularly indicated) with a corresponding hollow adjusting screw 150. The annular end face of this adjusting screw 150 abuts the hub 142 from the mounting plate 136. A fixing screw 152 extends through the through bore of the set screw 150 to cooperate with the thread of the hub 142. When the fixing screw 152 is loosened, it is possible to change the setting of the hub part 144 relative to the fastening plate 136 by turning the adjusting screw 150. This newly defined setting can then be locked with the fixing screw 152.

The wing 146 is provided with a slide bearing 154 for receiving the bolt 128. The wing 148 also has a slide bearing for receiving an axis 158, which is formed in one piece with the aforementioned bolt 130, but has a longitudinal axis 160 which is not in alignment with the axis 132, so that the parts 130, 158 together form an eccentric Form adjustment device. The part 158 is provided with an extension 162 for cooperation with an adjustment tool and with locking nuts 164.

When the adjusting screw 150 is readjusted, both bolts 128, 130 are moved in approximately radial directions with respect to the drum. This setting can be carried out in such a way, for example with the aid of a suitable teaching, that the clothing of the rod 78A adjacent to the pin 128 (for FIG. 2) is at a desired distance from the clothing of the drum. In all likelihood, however, the sets of the other two rods 78B and 78C are not at the desired distance from the drum set. However, the bolt 128 can still be actuated by the fixing screw 152 fixed in this setting. The desired setting of the other clothing rods is then achieved by rotating the eccentric device 130, 158, the axis 130 rotating about the axis 160 and thereby pivoting the segment 42 about the axis 134. Because the axis 134 lies perpendicularly above the center point of the clothing strip 78A, the actuation of the eccentric has no significant influence on the setting of 78A. The overall setting can be fixed with locking screws 139, which extend through lugs 137 of the plate 136 into end parts 141 of the two wings 146, 148. The lugs 137 have slot-shaped holes to receive the screws

Fig. 3 also shows an adjustment device for the knife 106, which is attached to the suspension for the segment 42. Each set screw 150 of this suspension carries a holding element 166 which carries a respective screw 168 adjustable in the holding element. This screw works together with a threaded bore (not indicated) provided in the end of the knife 106. By adjusting the screw 168 in the holding element 166, the free end of the knife 106 can be adjusted after loosening the fastening screws 110 relative to the clothing elements. The hole 108 in the knife 106 is therefore slit-shaped.

FIG. 9 schematically shows a connection between a segment 50 (FIG. 2) or 40 (FIG. 1) and the suction pipe 51 (FIG. 8). For each segment 50, 40 there is a transition piece 180 which is adapted at one end to the profile of the segment and is provided with an elastic sealing element 182 at the other end. The sealing element connects a seal to the transition piece 180 and to the suction pipe 51, the element connecting to an access opening 184 in the pipe 51.

For segments 50 lined up (FIG. 1), a collective transition between the profiles and the suction pipe can be provided. Similarly, in the lid area (Fig. 6) too a manifold between the channels 47 and the suction pipe 51 are formed.

The segments 42 present major problems because they cooperate with the hangers 120 at their ends. Transition pieces (not shown) can, however, either pass through the opening A (FIG. 3) of the end face 122 of the segment and the suspension 120 or through the opening B (FIG. 4) between the fastening plate 136 and the side of the suspension 120 facing this plate will. For this purpose, openings A and B can be enlarged.

The invention is not restricted to the examples shown. Heat could of course be dissipated from the drum formwork by generating a cooling air flow over the outer surface of the formwork, which flow could be separated from the hall air by an outer formwork of the machine. The targeted removal of heat from selected zones of the machine (especially where carding work is performed) will prove to be significantly more effective.

Claims (4)

A card is characterized by means for dissipating heat from the drum circumference area and the revolving lid area. A card according to claim 1, characterized by at least one heat conductor, which is in heat-transferring relation to a part of the drum casing. A card according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat conductor comprises a channel in which a current can be generated from a heat-absorbing medium during operation. A card according to claim 3, characterized in that the channel is integrated in a heat dissipation system which is designed to give off the dissipated heat to a predetermined sink.

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