EP0430789A1 - Rotary machine with rolling piston - Google Patents

Rotary machine with rolling piston Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0430789A1
EP0430789A1 EP90403344A EP90403344A EP0430789A1 EP 0430789 A1 EP0430789 A1 EP 0430789A1 EP 90403344 A EP90403344 A EP 90403344A EP 90403344 A EP90403344 A EP 90403344A EP 0430789 A1 EP0430789 A1 EP 0430789A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pallet
piston
control rod
rotary machine
control
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90403344A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0430789B1 (en
Inventor
Christian Boussicault
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Sanofi SA
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Sanofi SA
Societe pour la Conception des Applications des Techniques Electroniques SAS
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Priority to AT90403344T priority Critical patent/ATE92589T1/en
Publication of EP0430789A1 publication Critical patent/EP0430789A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01C—ROTARY-PISTON OR OSCILLATING-PISTON MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01C20/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines
    • F01C20/06—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, machines or engines specially adapted for stopping, starting, idling or no-load operation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a rotary machine with rolling piston, comprising a housing, a cylindrical chamber formed inside the housing, a drive shaft coaxial with said chamber and provided with an eccentric, a rolling piston which rolls against the internal surface of the wall of the cylindrical chamber during the rotation of the shaft, a pallet slidably mounted relative to the casing of the machine and dividing the free space around the piston into a low pressure compartment into which opens an orifice d suction of a fluid and a high pressure compartment into which opens a fluid discharge orifice, at least one spring interposed between the casing and the pallet to apply the latter in normal operation against the peripheral surface of the rolling piston, and a pallet position control device comprising a control rod movable in translation under the action of selective control means and being able to move between a first position in which the pallet is kept in contact with the peripheral surface of the rolling piston and the movements of the pallet are not limited by said control rod, and a second position in which the pallet is retained by the control rod in a disengaged position without permanent contact with the
  • Various types of rotary machines such as compressors, vacuum pumps, motors or hydraulic pumps are provided with a rolling piston which rolls against the internal surface of the wall of a cylindrical chamber and is connected by an eccentric or crank part to a drive shaft coaxial with said chamber, the rolling piston being able, in a particular embodiment, to be mounted free to rotate around a drive ring itself connected to the crank.
  • a separating flap or pallet slidably mounted in the casing of the machine, divides the free space around the piston in two variable volume compartments, namely a low pressure compartment into which opens a fluid suction port and a high pressure compartment into which opens a fluid delivery port.
  • the separating pallet is applied against the periphery of the rolling piston by a spring interposed between the casing and the pallet.
  • the rolling piston in certain applications, rotates at very high speeds, of the order of several thousand revolutions per minute. It is thus particularly difficult to fit a movable finger or pawl into a notch in the separating flap perpendicular to the direction of movement of the flap which oscillates as a function of the position of the rolling piston.
  • a movable finger or pawl into a notch in the separating flap perpendicular to the direction of movement of the flap which oscillates as a function of the position of the rolling piston.
  • the pawl enters the receiving notch formed in the flap, there is a phenomenon of wear of the pawl and of the walls of the notch, so that the lifetime of the device is very limited.
  • the risks of blockage are not negligible when entering or exiting the pawl.
  • the known device does not make it possible to carry out a progressive deactivation or a regulation of the power of the compressor insofar as the flap can only be retracted in one position.
  • the present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and to make it possible to put out of load or to regulate the power of rotary machines with rolling piston, in a simple, convenient and efficient manner, using a light, robust and inexpensive device. , which only absorbs a minimum no-load power.
  • the object of the invention is still more precisely to achieve an adjustment of the position of a rotary machine pallet in a precise and reliable manner while ensuring both high operational safety and great flexibility of use.
  • a rotary piston machine of the type defined at the head of the description characterized in that the control rod is arranged in the plane of the pallet and comprises a retaining stop formed at the bottom of the control rod and engaged in a housing formed in the pallet which has an upper wall traversed by the control rod and cooperating with said stop and has a height corresponding at least to the maximum spacing between the peripheral surface of the piston and the housing the rotary machine, so that the pallet can move freely relative to the stop when the latter is in lowered position.
  • the stroke of the control rod is large enough that the pallet can be retracted completely if necessary when the stop is in the raised working position.
  • the means for selective control of the control rod comprise a piston integral with the control rod and actuated by a hydraulic or pneumatic control.
  • the means for selective control of the control rod comprise a core integral with the control rod and immersed in an electromagnet coil to which electrical control signals are applied.
  • the control device further comprises a return spring returning the control rod and the stopper to their rest position in the absence of external control.
  • control rod is arranged in a median plane of the pallet and the springs are interposed between the casing and grooves formed in the pallet on either side of the housing to keep the pallet applied against the peripheral surface of the rolling piston when the stop is in the rest position.
  • the selective control means of the control rod are actuated at predetermined times with respect to the rotation of the rolling piston.
  • the device according to the invention can be used in all cases of applications of rotary machines with rolling piston which must operate sequentially while their drive motors operate without stopping.
  • the invention is applicable in particular to the de-loading of compressors used for vehicle brakes or even to the de-loading of automobile air conditioning compressors.
  • the invention is also applicable to multi-cylinder machines in order to make it possible to produce an operation at fractional power depending on whether all or part of the control devices applied to the pallets of different cylinders are actuated. For example, with a three-cylinder machine, it is thus possible to cause operation at full load, two-thirds of load, one-third of load or zero load depending on whether none, one, two or three devices pallet retraction control according to the invention are actuated.
  • Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a rotary machine with rolling piston, such as a compressor, to which the invention is applicable.
  • the compressor comprises a casing 9 defining a chamber 40 with a cylindrical wall in which is disposed a rotary annular piston 7 which can roll in contact with the wall of the chamber 40.
  • a crown 8 for driving the piston 7 is mounted inside the piston 7 for example with the interposition of a needle bearing 35, so as to be able to slide relative to the piston 7.
  • the timing of the piston 7 on its raceway is ensured by elastic compensation means 32 bearing on the shaft central drive 31 and on the bore of the crown 8.
  • the crown 8 is coupled to a crank 33 of the central shaft 31 by a pin 34.
  • a separating flap or flat pallet 1 mounted sliding in a housing 41 of the casing 9 projects into the chamber 40 and divides the free space around the piston 7 into two compartments 38, 39 with variable volume.
  • the low pressure compartment 39 is in communication through an inlet port 36 with a suction line, not shown, while the high pressure compartment 38 is in communication through outlet ports 37, 37 ′, at least some of which are fitted with non-return valves, with a discharge line not shown.
  • springs 2, 3 are interposed between the upper wall 4 of the casing 9 and housings 5, 6 formed at the upper part of the pallet 1 to maintain the lower face of the pallet 1 in support on the peripheral surface of the rolling piston 7 when the device 10 for controlling the position of the pallet 1, which will be described below, is at rest.
  • the device 10 for controlling the position of the pallet 1, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially comprises a control rod 14 disposed in the plane of the pallet 1 substantially in a median plane of the latter.
  • the control rod 14 carries at its lower part a retaining stop 12 which is engaged in a housing 11 formed in the pallet 1.
  • the housing 11 has an upper wall 25 which is crossed by the control rod 14 and cooperates with the stop 12 when the latter is moved upwards by the control rod 14.
  • the housing 11 has a height corresponding at least to the maximum spacing between the peripheral surface of the piston 7 and the wall of the cylindrical chamber 40.
  • the pallet 1 When the stop 12 is in its lowered rest position (Fig 1 and 2), the pallet 1 can, thanks to the opening 11, move freely relative to the stop 12 and can rise up against the action of the springs 2, 3 when the piston rotary 7 pushes back the lower edge of the pallet 1 during its travel.
  • the control rod 14 of the stop 12 can itself go up against the action of a return spring 16 interposed between a piston 15 secured to the rod 14 and the fixed upper wall of a housing 17 in which slides said piston 15.
  • the spring 16 returns the control rod 14 and the stop 12 to their rest position shown in Figures 1 and 2, for which the device 10 does not change normal operation of the rotary machine which operates at full load.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of means for selective control of the control rod 14.
  • the piston 15 secured to the rod 14 and provided with a seal 23 can slide in the bore 17 under the action of a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure applied by the orifice 18 located in the wall of the cylinder 26 defining the bore 17, below the piston 15 placed in the rest position.
  • the piston 15 then rises against the action of the spring 16 by driving up the rod 14, the stop 12 and the pallet 1 which is driven by the part 25 cooperating with the stop 12.
  • the piston can move freely without being in contact with the pallet 1 and the machine operates empty. It is however possible to provide for not raising the rod 14 and the stopper at half-height for example, so that the rolling piston 7 comes into contact at its periphery with the lower edge of the pallet 1 only during one fraction of the piston stroke.
  • the rotary machine thus operates at reduced but not zero load.
  • the application of pressure to the control device 10, or if necessary of a back pressure through the orifice 19, can by moreover, be carried out at predetermined times with respect to the rotation of the rolling piston 7, if a means for detecting the rotation of the piston 7 is provided.
  • the working position of the rod 14 or its return to a rest position can be done gradually, in stages, the stop 12 being able to be raised or lowered gradually over several turns of the piston 7. This does not cause any particular wear of the stop 12 placed in the housing 11, which moves in the same direction as the oscillations of the pallet 1, unlike the case of known devices in which a pawl moves in a direction perpendicular to the moving the pallet.
  • FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the rod 14 is not actuated by pressure but by electromagnetic means.
  • the control rod 14 may also include a guide portion 15 of larger cross section circulating in the housing 17 of a housing 26 and serving as a bearing for the end of a return spring 16, the other of which end door against the bottom of the housing 17.
  • the rod 14 is however extended by a plunger core 20 which can penetrate into the air gap of an electromagnet 21 placed for example in a housing 22 surmounting the housing 26.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Actuator (AREA)
  • Applications Or Details Of Rotary Compressors (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Hydraulic Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The rotary machine comprises a cylindrical chamber having a rolling piston rotating therein, the piston rolling against the inside surface of the chamber wall. In normal operation, springs keep a vane pressed against the periphery of the rolling piston. A control device for controlling the piston of the vane comprises a control rod lying in the same plane as the vane. The rod includes a retaining abutment formed at the bottom of the control rod and received in a housing formed inside the vane and including a top wall through which the control rod passes, the top wall co-operating with the abutment and the housing having a vertical extent which is not less than the maximum distance between the peripheral surface of the piston and the casing of the rotary machine, thereby enabling the vane to move freely relative to the abutment when the abutment is in its low position. Means for selectively controlling the rod to enable the vane to be moved to a disengaged position in which it is no longer in permanent contact with the peripheral surface of the rolling piston, thereby preventing the rotary machine from operating at full load.

Description

La présente invention a pour objet une machine rotative à piston roulant, comprenant un carter, une chambre cylindrique formée à l'intérieur du carter, un arbre d'entraînement coaxial à ladite chambre et muni d'un excentrique, un piston roulant qui roule contre la surface interne de la paroi de la chambre cylindrique lors de la rotation de l'arbre, une palette montée coulissante par rapport au carter de la machine et divisant l'espace libre autour du piston en un compartiment basse pression dans lequel débouche un orifice d'aspiration d'un fluide et un compartiment haute pression dans lequel débouche un orifice de refoulement de fluide, au moins un ressort interposé entre le carter et la palette pour appliquer celle-ci en fonctionnement normal contre la surface périphérique du piston roulant, et un dispositif de commande de la position de la palette comprenant une tige de commande mobile en translation sous l'action de moyens de commande sélective et pouvant se déplacer entre une première position dans laquelle la palette est maintenue en contact avec la surface périphérique du piston roulant et les mouvements de la palette ne sont pas limités par ladite tige de commande, et une seconde position dans laquelle la palette est retenue par la tige de commande dans une position débrayée sans contact permanent avec la surface périphérique du piston roulant, de manière que la machine rotative ne puisse plus fonctionner à pleine charge.The present invention relates to a rotary machine with rolling piston, comprising a housing, a cylindrical chamber formed inside the housing, a drive shaft coaxial with said chamber and provided with an eccentric, a rolling piston which rolls against the internal surface of the wall of the cylindrical chamber during the rotation of the shaft, a pallet slidably mounted relative to the casing of the machine and dividing the free space around the piston into a low pressure compartment into which opens an orifice d suction of a fluid and a high pressure compartment into which opens a fluid discharge orifice, at least one spring interposed between the casing and the pallet to apply the latter in normal operation against the peripheral surface of the rolling piston, and a pallet position control device comprising a control rod movable in translation under the action of selective control means and being able to move between a first position in which the pallet is kept in contact with the peripheral surface of the rolling piston and the movements of the pallet are not limited by said control rod, and a second position in which the pallet is retained by the control rod in a disengaged position without permanent contact with the peripheral surface of the rolling piston, so that the rotary machine can no longer operate at full load.

Divers types de machines rotatives telles que des compresseurs, pompes à vide, moteurs ou pompes hydrauliques sont munies d'un piston roulant qui roule contre la surface interne de la paroi d'une chambre cylindrique et se trouve relié par une partie excentrique ou manivelle à un arbre d'entraînement coaxial à ladite chambre, le piston roulant pouvant, dans un mode particulier de réalisation être monté libre en rotation autour d'une couronne d'entraînement elle-même reliée à la manivelle.Various types of rotary machines such as compressors, vacuum pumps, motors or hydraulic pumps are provided with a rolling piston which rolls against the internal surface of the wall of a cylindrical chamber and is connected by an eccentric or crank part to a drive shaft coaxial with said chamber, the rolling piston being able, in a particular embodiment, to be mounted free to rotate around a drive ring itself connected to the crank.

De façon classique, un volet séparateur ou palette, monté coulissant dans le carter de la machine, divise l'espace libre autour du piston en deux compartiments à volume variable, à savoir un compartiment basse pression dans lequel débouche un orifice d'aspiration d'un fluide et un compartiment haute pression dans lequel débouche un orifice de refoulement de fluide.Conventionally, a separating flap or pallet, slidably mounted in the casing of the machine, divides the free space around the piston in two variable volume compartments, namely a low pressure compartment into which opens a fluid suction port and a high pressure compartment into which opens a fluid delivery port.

En régime normal, la palette séparatrice est appliquée contre la périphérie du piston roulant par un ressort interposé entre le carter et la palette.Under normal conditions, the separating pallet is applied against the periphery of the rolling piston by a spring interposed between the casing and the pallet.

Il est toutefois souvent souhaitable de pouvoir mettre hors charge ou du moins de limiter la charge de la machine rotative.However, it is often desirable to be able to de-load or at least limit the load of the rotary machine.

Pour cela, on a déjà proposé de réaliser à l'aide d'un embrayage un désaccouplement de la machine par rapport à son organe d'entraînement, ou d'effectuer une obturation de l'orifice d'aspiration.For this, it has already been proposed to use a clutch to disconnect the machine from its drive member, or to close the suction port.

Dans le premier cas, la mise en oeuvre d'un embrayage tend à augmenter le poids de la machine et à accroître son coût.In the first case, the use of a clutch tends to increase the weight of the machine and to increase its cost.

Dans le second cas, la nécessité d'effectuer une obturation de l'orifice d'aspiration conduit à une puissance absorbée à vide qui est importante et constitue une perte sans contre-partie.In the second case, the need to seal the suction orifice leads to a power absorbed when empty which is significant and constitutes a loss without counterpart.

Afin de remédier à ces inconvénients, on a par ailleurs, déjà proposé, dans le document FR-A-2 470 267, de mettre en oeuvre un moyen mécanique d'arrêt destiné à bloquer le volet séparateur dans une position dans laquelle son bord libre, au moins pendant une partie du mouvement du piston, n'est pas appuyé sur la périphérie du piston roulant. Dans ce cas, il a été proposé de réaliser un dispositif d'arrêt sous la forme d'une tige pouvant se déplacer en translation perpendiculairement au guide du volet séparateur et présentant une extrémité formant cliquet adaptée pour venir s'engager dans une encoche formée dans le volet séparateur afin de maintenir le volet séparateur écarté du piston roulant lorsque la tige est en position de travail.In order to remedy these drawbacks, it has already been proposed, in document FR-A-2 470 267, to use a mechanical stop means intended to block the separating flap in a position in which its free edge , at least during part of the piston movement, is not supported on the periphery of the rolling piston. In this case, it has been proposed to produce a stop device in the form of a rod which can move in translation perpendicular to the guide of the separating flap and having a pawl end adapted to engage in a notch formed in the separator flap in order to keep the separator flap away from the rolling piston when the rod is in the working position.

Un tel mode de réalisation n'est toutefois pas satisfaisant en pratique. En effet, le piston roulant, dans certaines applications, tourne à des vitesses très importantes, de l'ordre de plusieurs milliers de tours par minute. Il est ainsi particulièrement délicat de faire pénétrer dans une encoche du volet séparateur un doigt ou cliquet mobile perpendiculairement au sens de déplacement du volet qui oscille en fonction de la position du piston roulant. A chaque entrée du cliquet dans l'encoche réceptrice formée dans le volet, il se produit un phénomène d'usure du cliquet et des parois de l'encoche, de sorte que la durée de vie du dispositif est très limitée. De plus, les risques de blocage ne sont pas négligeables lors de l'entrée ou de la sortie du cliquet. Par ailleurs, le dispositif connu ne permet pas de réaliser une mise hors charge progressive ou une régulation de la puissance du compresseur dans la mesure où le volet ne peut être escamoté que dans une seule position.However, such an embodiment is not satisfactory in practice. Indeed, the rolling piston, in certain applications, rotates at very high speeds, of the order of several thousand revolutions per minute. It is thus particularly difficult to fit a movable finger or pawl into a notch in the separating flap perpendicular to the direction of movement of the flap which oscillates as a function of the position of the rolling piston. Each time the pawl enters the receiving notch formed in the flap, there is a phenomenon of wear of the pawl and of the walls of the notch, so that the lifetime of the device is very limited. In addition, the risks of blockage are not negligible when entering or exiting the pawl. Furthermore, the known device does not make it possible to carry out a progressive deactivation or a regulation of the power of the compressor insofar as the flap can only be retracted in one position.

La présente invention vise à remédier aux inconvénients précités et à permettre de mettre hors charge ou de réguler la puissance de machines rotatives à piston roulant, de manière simple, commode et efficace, à l'aide d'un dispositif léger, robuste et peu coûteux, qui n'absorbe qu'une puissance minimale à vide.The present invention aims to remedy the aforementioned drawbacks and to make it possible to put out of load or to regulate the power of rotary machines with rolling piston, in a simple, convenient and efficient manner, using a light, robust and inexpensive device. , which only absorbs a minimum no-load power.

L'invention a encore plus précisément pour but de réaliser un réglage de la position d'une palette de machine rotative d'une façon précise et fiable en assurant à la fois une sécurité de fonctionnement importante et une grande souplesse d'utilisation.The object of the invention is still more precisely to achieve an adjustment of the position of a rotary machine pallet in a precise and reliable manner while ensuring both high operational safety and great flexibility of use.

Ces buts sont atteints grâce à une machine rotative à piston roulant du type défini en tête de la description, caractérisée en ce que la tige de commande est disposée dans le plan de la palette et comprend une butée de retenue formée à la partie inférieure de la tige de commande et engagée dans un logement formé dans la palette qui comporte une paroi supérieure traversée par la tige de commande et coopérant avec ladite butée et présente une hauteur correspondant au moins à l'écartement maximal entre la surface périphérique du piston et le carter de la machine rotative, de telle sorte que la palette puisse se déplacer librement par rapport à la butée lorsque celle-ci est en position abaissée.These goals are achieved by a rotary piston machine of the type defined at the head of the description, characterized in that the control rod is arranged in the plane of the pallet and comprises a retaining stop formed at the bottom of the control rod and engaged in a housing formed in the pallet which has an upper wall traversed by the control rod and cooperating with said stop and has a height corresponding at least to the maximum spacing between the peripheral surface of the piston and the housing the rotary machine, so that the pallet can move freely relative to the stop when the latter is in lowered position.

La course de la tige de commande est suffisamment grande pour que la palette puisse si nécessaire être escamotée complètement lorsque la butée est en position levée de travail.The stroke of the control rod is large enough that the pallet can be retracted completely if necessary when the stop is in the raised working position.

Selon un premier mode de réalisation, les moyens de commande sélective de la tige de commande comprennent un piston solidaire de la tige de commande et actionné par une commande hydraulique ou pneumatique.According to a first embodiment, the means for selective control of the control rod comprise a piston integral with the control rod and actuated by a hydraulic or pneumatic control.

Selon un autre mode de réalisation, les moyens de commande sélective de la tige de commande comprennent un noyau solidaire de la tige de commande et plongeant dans une bobine d'électro-aimant à laquelle sont appliqués des signaux électriques de commande.According to another embodiment, the means for selective control of the control rod comprise a core integral with the control rod and immersed in an electromagnet coil to which electrical control signals are applied.

Le dispositif de commande comprend en outre un ressort de rappel ramenant la tige de commande et la butée dans leur position de repos en l'absence de commande extérieure.The control device further comprises a return spring returning the control rod and the stopper to their rest position in the absence of external control.

Selon une configuration particulière, la tige de commande est disposée dans un plan médian de la palette et les ressorts sont interposés entre le carter et des gorges formées dans la palette de part et d'autre du logement pour maintenir la palette appliquée contre la surface périphérique du piston roulant lorsque la butée est en position de repos.According to a particular configuration, the control rod is arranged in a median plane of the pallet and the springs are interposed between the casing and grooves formed in the pallet on either side of the housing to keep the pallet applied against the peripheral surface of the rolling piston when the stop is in the rest position.

Selon une application possible, les moyens de commande sélective de la tige de commande sont actionnés à des instants prédéterminés par rapport à la rotation du piston roulant.According to one possible application, the selective control means of the control rod are actuated at predetermined times with respect to the rotation of the rolling piston.

Le dispositif selon l'invention peut être utilisé dans tous les cas d'applications de machines rotatives à piston roulant qui doivent fonctionner séquentiellement alors que leurs moteurs d'entraînement fonctionnent sans arrêt.The device according to the invention can be used in all cases of applications of rotary machines with rolling piston which must operate sequentially while their drive motors operate without stopping.

Ainsi, l'invention est applicable notamment à la mise hors charge des compresseurs utilisés pour les freins de véhicules ou encore à la mise hors charge des compresseurs de climatisation automobiles.Thus, the invention is applicable in particular to the de-loading of compressors used for vehicle brakes or even to the de-loading of automobile air conditioning compressors.

L'invention est également applicable à des machines multi-cylindres afin de permettre de produire un fonctionnement à puissance fractionnée selon que tout ou partie des dispositifs de commande appliqués aux palettes de différents cylindres sont actionnés. A titre d'exemple, avec une machine à trois cylindres, il est ainsi possible de provoquer un fonctionnement à pleine charge, deux-tiers de charge, un tiers de charge ou à charge nulle selon qu'aucun, un, deux ou trois dispositifs de commande d'escamotage de palette selon l'invention sont actionnés.The invention is also applicable to multi-cylinder machines in order to make it possible to produce an operation at fractional power depending on whether all or part of the control devices applied to the pallets of different cylinders are actuated. For example, with a three-cylinder machine, it is thus possible to cause operation at full load, two-thirds of load, one-third of load or zero load depending on whether none, one, two or three devices pallet retraction control according to the invention are actuated.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront de la description suivante de modes particuliers de réalisation de l'invention, donnés à titre d'exemple, en référence aux dessins annexés, sur lesquels:

  • - la figure 1 est une vue, en coupe perpendiculaire à l'axe du piston roulant, d'une machine rotative à piston roulant selon l'invention, équipée d'un dispositif de commande de position d'une palette, la palette étant en position de travail,
  • - la figure 2 est une vue en coupe du dispositif de commande de palette de la figure 1 prise selon la ligne II-II de la figure 1, et
  • - la figure 3 est une vue partielle en coupe analogue à la figure 2, montrant une variante de réalisation du dispositif de commande des figures 1 et 2.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from the following description of particular embodiments of the invention, given by way of example, with reference to the appended drawings, in which:
  • - Figure 1 is a view, in section perpendicular to the axis of the rolling piston, of a rotary machine with rolling piston according to the invention, equipped with a device for controlling the position of a pallet, the pallet being in working position,
  • FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the pallet control device of FIG. 1 taken along line II-II of FIG. 1, and
  • - Figure 3 is a partial sectional view similar to Figure 2, showing an alternative embodiment of the control device of Figures 1 and 2.

La figure 1 montre une vue en coupe d'une machine rotative à piston roulant, telle qu'un compresseur, à laquelle est applicable l'invention.Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a rotary machine with rolling piston, such as a compressor, to which the invention is applicable.

Le compresseur comprend un carter 9 définissant une chambre 40 à paroi cylindrique dans laquelle est disposé un piston annulaire rotatif 7 pouvant rouler au contact de la paroi de la chambre 40. Une couronne 8 d'entraînement du piston 7 est montée à l'intérieur du piston 7 par exemple avec interposition d'un roulement à aiguilles 35, de façon à pouvoir glisser par rapport au piston 7. Le calage du piston 7 sur son chemin de roulement est assuré par des moyens élastiques de compensation 32 prenant appui sur l'arbre central d'entraînement 31 et sur l'alésage de la couronne 8. La couronne 8 est accouplée à une manivelle 33 de l'arbre central 31 par un tourillon 34.The compressor comprises a casing 9 defining a chamber 40 with a cylindrical wall in which is disposed a rotary annular piston 7 which can roll in contact with the wall of the chamber 40. A crown 8 for driving the piston 7 is mounted inside the piston 7 for example with the interposition of a needle bearing 35, so as to be able to slide relative to the piston 7. The timing of the piston 7 on its raceway is ensured by elastic compensation means 32 bearing on the shaft central drive 31 and on the bore of the crown 8. The crown 8 is coupled to a crank 33 of the central shaft 31 by a pin 34.

Un volet séparateur ou palette plane 1 monté coulissant dans un logement 41 du carter 9 pénètre en saillie dans la chambre 40 et divise l'espace libre autour du piston 7 en deux compartiments 38, 39 à volume variable. Le compartiment basse pression 39 est en communication par un orifice d'entrée 36 avec une conduite d'aspiration, non représentée, tandis que le compartiment haute pression 38 est en communication par des orifices de sortie 37, 37′, dont certains au moins sont munis de clapets anti-retour, avec une conduite de refoulement non représentée.A separating flap or flat pallet 1 mounted sliding in a housing 41 of the casing 9 projects into the chamber 40 and divides the free space around the piston 7 into two compartments 38, 39 with variable volume. The low pressure compartment 39 is in communication through an inlet port 36 with a suction line, not shown, while the high pressure compartment 38 is in communication through outlet ports 37, 37 ′, at least some of which are fitted with non-return valves, with a discharge line not shown.

La description qui précède concerne une machine rotative à piston roulant de type connue en soi et l'invention n'est naturellement pas limitée à ce seul type de machine rotative à piston roulant.The foregoing description relates to a rotary machine with rolling piston of a type known per se and the invention is naturally not limited to this single type of rotary machine with rolling piston.

Comme on peut le voir sur la figure 2, des ressorts 2, 3 sont interposés entre la paroi supérieure 4 du carter 9 et des logements 5, 6 formés à la partie supérieure de la palette 1 pour maintenir la face inférieure de la palette 1 en appui sur la surface périphérique du piston roulant 7 lorsque le dispositif 10 de commande de la position de la palette 1, qui sera décrit ci-après, est au repos.As can be seen in FIG. 2, springs 2, 3 are interposed between the upper wall 4 of the casing 9 and housings 5, 6 formed at the upper part of the pallet 1 to maintain the lower face of the pallet 1 in support on the peripheral surface of the rolling piston 7 when the device 10 for controlling the position of the pallet 1, which will be described below, is at rest.

Le dispositif 10 de commande de la position de la palette 1, représenté sur les figures 1 et 2 comprend essentiellement une tige de commande 14 disposée dans le plan de la palette 1 sensiblement dans un plan médian de celle-ci. La tige de commande 14 porte à sa partie inférieure une butée de retenue 12 qui est engagée dans un logement 11 formé dans la palette 1. Le logement 11 comporte une paroi supérieure 25 qui est traversée par la tige de commande 14 et coopère avec la butée 12 lorsque cette dernière est déplacée vers le haut par la tige de commande 14. Le logement 11 présente une hauteur correspondant au moins à l'écartement maximal entre la surface périphérique du piston 7 et la paroi de la chambre cylindrique 40. Lorsque la butée 12 est dans sa position abaissée de repos (Fig 1 et 2), la palette 1 peut, grâce à l'ouverture 11, se déplacer librement par rapport à la butée 12 et peut remonter vers le haut contre l'action des ressorts 2, 3 lorsque le piston rotatif 7 repousse lors de sa course l'arête inférieure de la palette 1.The device 10 for controlling the position of the pallet 1, shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 essentially comprises a control rod 14 disposed in the plane of the pallet 1 substantially in a median plane of the latter. The control rod 14 carries at its lower part a retaining stop 12 which is engaged in a housing 11 formed in the pallet 1. The housing 11 has an upper wall 25 which is crossed by the control rod 14 and cooperates with the stop 12 when the latter is moved upwards by the control rod 14. The housing 11 has a height corresponding at least to the maximum spacing between the peripheral surface of the piston 7 and the wall of the cylindrical chamber 40. When the stop 12 is in its lowered rest position (Fig 1 and 2), the pallet 1 can, thanks to the opening 11, move freely relative to the stop 12 and can rise up against the action of the springs 2, 3 when the piston rotary 7 pushes back the lower edge of the pallet 1 during its travel.

La tige de commande 14 de la butée 12 peut elle-même remonter vers le haut contre l'action d'un ressort de rappel 16 interposé entre un piston 15 solidaire de la tige 14 et la paroi supérieure fixe d'un logement 17 dans lequel coulisse ledit piston 15. En l'absence de commande extérieure, le ressort 16 ramène la tige de commande 14 et la butée 12 dans leur position de repos représentée sur les figures 1 et 2, pour laquelle le dispositif 10 ne modifie pas le fonctionnement normal de la machine rotative qui fonctionne à pleine charge.The control rod 14 of the stop 12 can itself go up against the action of a return spring 16 interposed between a piston 15 secured to the rod 14 and the fixed upper wall of a housing 17 in which slides said piston 15. In the absence of external control, the spring 16 returns the control rod 14 and the stop 12 to their rest position shown in Figures 1 and 2, for which the device 10 does not change normal operation of the rotary machine which operates at full load.

Sur les figures 1 et 2, on a représenté un premier mode de réalisation de moyens de commande sélective de la tige de commande 14.FIGS. 1 and 2 show a first embodiment of means for selective control of the control rod 14.

Le piston 15 solidaire de la tige 14 et muni d'un joint d'étanchéité 23 peut coulisser dans l'alésage 17 sous l'action d'une pression hydraulique ou pneumatique appliquée par l'orifice 18 situé dans la paroi du cylindre 26 définissant l'alésage 17, au-dessous du piston 15 placé en position de repos. Le piston 15 remonte alors contre l'action du ressort 16 en entraînant vers le haut la tige 14, la butée 12 et la palette 1 qui est entraînée par la partie 25 coopérant avec la butée 12. Lorsque la tige 14 et la butée 12 sont en position relevée de travail, le piston peut circuler librement sans être en contact avec la palette 1 et la machine fonctionne à vide. Il est toutefois possible de prévoir de ne relever la tige 14 et la butée qu'à mi-hauteur par exemple, de sorte que le piston roulant 7 ne vient en contact par sa périphérie avec l'arête inférieure de la palette 1 que pendant une fraction de la course du piston. La machine rotative fonctionne ainsi à charge réduite mais non nulle. Par action de la pression appliquée par l'orifice 18 sur le piston 15, il est ainsi possible d'ajuster la position du piston 15, et donc de la butée 12 et de la palette 1 afin d'effectuer une régulation de la charge de la machine. L'application d'une pression sur le dispositif de commande 10, ou le cas échéant d'une contre-pression par l'orifice 19, peuvent par ailleurs être effectuées à des instants prédéterminés par rapport à la rotation du piston roulant 7, si l'on prévoit un moyen de détection de la rotation du piston 7.The piston 15 secured to the rod 14 and provided with a seal 23 can slide in the bore 17 under the action of a hydraulic or pneumatic pressure applied by the orifice 18 located in the wall of the cylinder 26 defining the bore 17, below the piston 15 placed in the rest position. The piston 15 then rises against the action of the spring 16 by driving up the rod 14, the stop 12 and the pallet 1 which is driven by the part 25 cooperating with the stop 12. When the rod 14 and the stop 12 are in the raised working position, the piston can move freely without being in contact with the pallet 1 and the machine operates empty. It is however possible to provide for not raising the rod 14 and the stopper at half-height for example, so that the rolling piston 7 comes into contact at its periphery with the lower edge of the pallet 1 only during one fraction of the piston stroke. The rotary machine thus operates at reduced but not zero load. By action of the pressure applied by the orifice 18 on the piston 15, it is thus possible to adjust the position of the piston 15, and therefore of the stop 12 and of the pallet 1 in order to regulate the load of the machine. The application of pressure to the control device 10, or if necessary of a back pressure through the orifice 19, can by moreover, be carried out at predetermined times with respect to the rotation of the rolling piston 7, if a means for detecting the rotation of the piston 7 is provided.

Dans tous les cas, la mise en position travail de la tige 14 ou son retour à une position de repos peuvent se faire de façon progressive, par étapes, la butée 12 pouvant être relevée ou abaissée progressivement sur plusieurs tours de rotation du piston 7. Ceci ne provoque pas d'usure particulière de la butée 12 placée dans le logement 11, qui se déplace dans le même sens que les oscillations de la palette 1, contrairement au cas de dispositifs connus dans lesquels un cliquet se déplace selon une direction perpendiculaire au déplacement de la palette.In all cases, the working position of the rod 14 or its return to a rest position can be done gradually, in stages, the stop 12 being able to be raised or lowered gradually over several turns of the piston 7. This does not cause any particular wear of the stop 12 placed in the housing 11, which moves in the same direction as the oscillations of the pallet 1, unlike the case of known devices in which a pawl moves in a direction perpendicular to the moving the pallet.

La figure 3 montre une variante de réalisation selon laquelle la tige 14 n'est pas actionnée par une pression mais par des moyens électromagnétiques. Dans ce cas, la tige de commande 14 peut également comporter une portion de guidage 15 de plus forte section circulant dans le logement 17 d'un boîtier 26 et servant de portée pour l'extrémité d'un ressort de rappel 16 dont l'autre extrémité porte contre le fond du logement 17. La tige 14 est cependant prolongée par un noyau plongeur 20 qui peut pénétrer dans l'entrefer d'un électro-aimant 21 placé par exemple dans un boîtier 22 surmontant le boîtier 26. Dans ce cas, par une simple commande électrique appliquée à l'électro-aimant 21, il est possible de faire venir la tige de commande 14 en position relevée de travail, par attraction du noyau 20 par l'électro-aimant 21, le retour à la position de repos s'effectuant sous l'action du ressort 16 lors de la coupure de l'alimentation électrique de la bobine de l'électro-aimant 21. Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 3, il est possible, comme avec une commande par pression, de réaliser une commande progressive ou partielle précise de la tige de commande 14 pour effectuer une régulation de la charge de la machine en toute sécurité et sans usure rapide du mécanisme de commande.FIG. 3 shows an alternative embodiment according to which the rod 14 is not actuated by pressure but by electromagnetic means. In this case, the control rod 14 may also include a guide portion 15 of larger cross section circulating in the housing 17 of a housing 26 and serving as a bearing for the end of a return spring 16, the other of which end door against the bottom of the housing 17. The rod 14 is however extended by a plunger core 20 which can penetrate into the air gap of an electromagnet 21 placed for example in a housing 22 surmounting the housing 26. In this case, by a simple electrical control applied to the electromagnet 21, it is possible to bring the control rod 14 into the raised working position, by attraction of the core 20 by the electromagnet 21, the return to the position of rest being effected by the action of the spring 16 when the electrical supply to the coil of the electromagnet 21 is cut off. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, it is possible, as with control by pressure, carry out a progressive control or precise partial of the control rod 14 for regulating the load of the machine safely and without rapid wear of the control mechanism.

Claims (7)

Machine rotative à piston roulant, comprenant un carter (9), une chambre cylindrique (40) formée à l'intérieur du carter (9), un arbre d'entraînement (31) coaxial à ladite chambre (40) et muni d'un excentrique (33), un piston roulant (7) qui roule contre la surface interne de la paroi de la chambre cylindrique (40) lors de la rotation de l'arbre (31), une palette (1) montée coulissante par rapport au carter (9) de la machine et divisant l'espace libre autour du piston (7) en un compartiment basse pression (39) dans lequel débouche un orifice (36) d'aspiration d'un fluide et un compartiment haute pression (38) dans lequel débouche un orifice (37) de refoulement de fluide, au moins un ressort (2, 3) interposé entre le carter (9, 4) et la palette (1) pour appliquer celle-ci en fonctionnement normal contre la surface périphérique du piston roulant (7), et un dispositif (10) de commande de la position de la palette comprenant une tige de commande (14) mobile en translation sous l'action de moyens de commande sélective (21; 18, 19) et pouvant se déplacer entre une première position dans laquelle la palette (1) est maintenue en contact avec la surface périphérique du piston roulant (7) et les mouvements de la palette (1) ne sont pas limités par ladite tige de commande (14), et une seconde position dans laquelle la palette (1) est retenue par la tige de commande (14) dans une position débrayée sans contact permanent avec la surface périphérique du piston roulant (7), de manière que la machine rotative ne puisse plus fonctionner à pleine charge, caractérisé en ce que la tige de commande (14) est disposée dans le plan de la palette (1) et comprend une butée de retenue (12) formée à la partie inférieure de la tige de commande (14) et engagée dans un logement (11) formé dans la palette (1) qui comporte une paroi supérieure (25) traversée par la tige de commande (14) et coopérant avec ladite butée (12) et présente une hauteur correspondant au moins à l'écartement maximal entre la surface périphérique du piston (7) et le carter (9) de la machine rotative, de telle sorte que la palette (1) puisse se déplacer librement par rapport à la butée (12) lorsque celle-ci est en position abaissée.Rotary rolling piston machine, comprising a casing (9), a cylindrical chamber (40) formed inside the casing (9), a drive shaft (31) coaxial with said chamber (40) and provided with a eccentric (33), a rolling piston (7) which rolls against the internal surface of the wall of the cylindrical chamber (40) during the rotation of the shaft (31), a pallet (1) mounted to slide relative to the casing (9) of the machine and dividing the free space around the piston (7) into a low pressure compartment (39) into which opens an orifice (36) for suction of a fluid and a high pressure compartment (38) in which opens a fluid delivery orifice (37), at least one spring (2, 3) interposed between the casing (9, 4) and the pallet (1) to apply the latter in normal operation against the peripheral surface of the piston roller (7), and a device (10) for controlling the position of the pallet comprising a control rod (14) movable in translation under the action of selective control means (21; 18, 19) and being able to move between a first position in which the pallet (1) is kept in contact with the peripheral surface of the rolling piston (7) and the movements of the pallet (1) are not limited by said rod control (14), and a second position in which the pallet (1) is retained by the control rod (14) in a disengaged position without permanent contact with the peripheral surface of the rolling piston (7), so that the rotary machine can no longer operate at full load, characterized in that the control rod (14) is arranged in the plane of the pallet (1) and comprises a retaining stop (12) formed at the bottom of the control rod ( 14) and engaged in a housing (11) formed in the pallet (1) which has an upper wall (25) traversed by the control rod (14) and cooperating with said stop (12) and has a height corresponding at least to the maximum spacing between the surface this peripheral piston (7) and the housing (9) of the rotary machine, so that the pallet (1) can move freely relative to the stop (12) when the latter is in the lowered position. Machine rotative selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la course de la tige de commande (14) est suffisamment grande pour que la palette (1) puisse si nécessaire être escamotée complètement lorsque la butée (12) est en position levée de travail.Rotary machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the stroke of the control rod (14) is large enough so that the pallet (1) can if necessary be completely retracted when the stop (12) is in the raised working position. Machine rotative selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de commande sélective de la tige de commande (14) comprennent un piston (15) solidaire de la tige de commande (14) et actionné par une commande hydraulique ou pneumatique.Rotary machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the means for selective control of the control rod (14) comprise a piston (15) integral with the control rod (14) and actuated by a hydraulic control or pneumatic. Machine rotative selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de commande sélective de la tige de commande (14) comprennent un noyau (20) solidaire de la tige de commande (14) et plongeant dans une bobine d'électro-aimant (21) à laquelle sont appliqués des signaux électriques de commande.Rotary machine according to claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the means for selective control of the control rod (14) comprise a core (20) integral with the control rod (14) and immersed in a reel of electromagnet (21) to which electrical control signals are applied. Machine rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend un ressort de rappel (16) ramenant la tige de commande (14) et la butée (12) dans leur position de repos en l'absence de commande extérieure.Rotary machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a return spring (16) returning the control rod (14) and the stop (12) to their rest position in the absence external control. Machine rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisée en ce que la tige de commande (14) est disposée dans un plan médian de la palette (1) et en ce que des ressorts (2, 3) sont interposés entre le carter (4) et des gorges (5, 6) formées dans la palette (1) de part et d'autre du logement (11) pour maintenir la palette (1) appliquée contre la surface périphérique du piston roulant (7) lorsque la butée (12) est en position de repos.Rotary machine according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the control rod (14) is arranged in a median plane of the pallet (1) and in that springs (2, 3) are interposed between the casing (4) and grooves (5, 6) formed in the pallet (1) on either side of the housing (11) to keep the pallet (1) applied against the peripheral surface of the rolling piston (7) when the stop (12) is in the rest position. Machine rotative selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que les moyens de commande sélective (21; 18, 19) de la tige de commande (14) sont actionnés à des instants prédéterminés par rapport à la rotation du piston roulant (7).Rotary machine according to any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the selective control means (21; 18, 19) of the control rod (14) are actuated at predetermined times relative to the rotation of the piston rolling (7).
EP90403344A 1989-11-28 1990-11-27 Rotary machine with rolling piston Expired - Lifetime EP0430789B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90403344T ATE92589T1 (en) 1989-11-28 1990-11-27 ROLLER LOBE ROTARY MACHINE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8915654A FR2655093A1 (en) 1989-11-28 1989-11-28 ROTATING MACHINE WITH ROLLING PISTON.
FR8915654 1989-11-28

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EP0430789A1 true EP0430789A1 (en) 1991-06-05
EP0430789B1 EP0430789B1 (en) 1993-08-04

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US (1) US5131826A (en)
EP (1) EP0430789B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03179188A (en)
AT (1) ATE92589T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2029796A1 (en)
DE (1) DE69002591D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2655093A1 (en)

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CN111412139A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-07-14 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 Rotary compressor and refrigeration cycle device with same

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WO2014095294A3 (en) * 2012-12-18 2014-12-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Rolling piston compressor with modifiable delivery volume
CN111412139A (en) * 2019-10-30 2020-07-14 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 Rotary compressor and refrigeration cycle device with same
CN111412139B (en) * 2019-10-30 2021-12-31 广东美芝制冷设备有限公司 Rotary compressor and refrigeration cycle device with same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69002591D1 (en) 1993-09-09
EP0430789B1 (en) 1993-08-04
CA2029796A1 (en) 1991-05-29
ATE92589T1 (en) 1993-08-15
JPH03179188A (en) 1991-08-05
FR2655093A1 (en) 1991-05-31
US5131826A (en) 1992-07-21

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