EP0429843B1 - Douille de traversée pour les tensions continues hautes - Google Patents

Douille de traversée pour les tensions continues hautes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0429843B1
EP0429843B1 EP19900120182 EP90120182A EP0429843B1 EP 0429843 B1 EP0429843 B1 EP 0429843B1 EP 19900120182 EP19900120182 EP 19900120182 EP 90120182 A EP90120182 A EP 90120182A EP 0429843 B1 EP0429843 B1 EP 0429843B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bushing
conductor
condenser
condenser body
cone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP19900120182
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0429843A1 (fr
Inventor
Asa Hammarsten
Lennart Strandberg
Bengt-Olof Stenestam
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AB
Original Assignee
Asea Brown Boveri AB
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Publication date
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Application filed by Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical Asea Brown Boveri AB
Publication of EP0429843A1 publication Critical patent/EP0429843A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
    • H01F27/02—Casings
    • H01F27/04—Leading of conductors or axles through casings, e.g. for tap-changing arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bushing for high direct voltages with a condenser body for field control of the connection between the bushing and a conductor connected to the bushing according to the precharacterising part of claim 1.
  • the bushing is particularly designed for transformers which are connected to convertors in HVDC plants.
  • a flashover will occur between the electrodes.
  • the flashover tendency may be minimized by inserting between the electrodes an insulator body which functions as a barrier.
  • Transformer bushings may comprise an upper insulator and a lower insulator of electric porcelain. At the joint between these there is a fixing flange which is connected to the transformer casing. In the centre of the bushing there is a tube on which is wound a condenser body to obtain a favourable electrical field distribution. The current can be conducted through the tube or a flexible conductor drawn through the tube.
  • Condenser bodies for bushings are described in a number of patent specifications and publications of various kinds. In this connection, the following may, inter alia, be mentioned, namely EP-A-0 032 690 "Foil-insulated high voltage bushing with potential control”, EP-A-0 032 687 “High-voltage bushing with layers of embossed insulating foils”, EP-A-0 051 715 "Safety device for high-voltage bushings", ASEA Journal 1981, Volume 54, No. 4, pages 79-84.
  • Common and typical for the design of the condenser bodies is that they have a central circular-cylindrical portion. From both ends this portion changes into outwardly-directed straight frustrums of cones whose cross section areas have a decreasing radius.
  • a variant of the design of a condenser body is disclosed in GB-B-1 025 686, "Pothead for connecting oil-filled cables to transformers and other electrical apparatus".
  • the condenser body has a conical part terminating towards the transformer.
  • the condenser body terminates in a cross section area which is equal to the cross section area of the circular-cylindrical portion.
  • the principle of the manufacture is that the transformer side of the body is first wound into an inward conical shape into a diameter where about 70% of the stress lies, whereupon the body is continuously wound into an outward conical shape into the final outer diameter with 0% of the stress.
  • the advantage of such an embodiment is that a shorter bushing is obtained on the oil side.
  • the shield may be omitted.
  • Power transformers which are used in convertor plants entail special problems from the point of view of insulation, which somehow have to be overcome in order to ensure a satisfactory function.
  • each convertor In high voltage direct current plants, so-called HVDC plants, there is often used at least one convertor per pole and station. Normally, also, each convertor comprises several bridges connected in series. One of the poles of one bridge is normally connected to ground and the other pole is connected to the next bridge, and so on, thus obtaining the series connection. The direct voltage potential of each bridge relative to ground is then increased according to the number of bridges which are connected between the respective bridge and ground.
  • Each bridge in the series connection is supplied with an alternating voltage from a separate transformer.
  • the insulation on bushings and windings of the transformers which are connected to the bridges will also be subjected to an increasingly higher direct voltage potential with a superimposed alternating voltage.
  • the insulation of these must therefore be dimensioned so that they are capable of withstanding the increasingly higher electrical stresses to which they are then subjected.
  • the lower insulator of the bushing and the transition between the conductor of the transformer winding and the bushing present areas of problems from the point of view of insulation technique.
  • the term "conductor of the transformer winding" comprises throughout this description both the electrically conductive portion and the surrounding insulation of the transformer winding.
  • the electric direct voltage field has a distribution different from that of the alternating voltage field.
  • the distribution of the direct voltage is mainly determined by the resistivity of the various insulating mediums present in the field.
  • transformer oil, cellulose material and electric porcelain are good electric insulators, a certain amount of electric current is flowing through these materials when subjected to an electric voltage.
  • the relation between the resistivity of cellulose material and transformer oil is about 100. This means that when cellulose in series with oil is subjected to an electric voltage the cellulose is subjected to a considerably higher electric fields strength than the oil, which in turn, therefore, imposes demands for a sufficient amount of solid insulating material in order not to exceed the electric withstand strength.
  • the field distribution as well as the direction of the field strength vector will thus be different from the case with alternating voltage.
  • the current transport also entails a redistribution of charges in the insulating mediums used.
  • the transformer bushing comprises a lower insulator.
  • a condenser type barrier is used which has internal cones which make contact, across a certain oil gap, with the outer conical part of the lower insulator of the bushing as well as with the conically formed insulation of the conductor of the transformer.
  • a bushing for high alternating voltages in the order of 500 kV which comprises a condenser body which is divided into two parts in the axial area of the outer flange.
  • the air-side part consists of a circular cylindrical portion with an outwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone pointing away from the transformer and with an inwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone at the opposite end.
  • the second part of the condenser body which extends into the oil side of the bushing, has also circular cylindrical portion and is provided on its inwardly directed end with an outwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone and on its outwardly directed end with an outwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone which forms a gap with the inwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone of the first part of the condenser body.
  • the cylindrical capacitive layers in the condenser body are arranged in such a way that the field strength in said oil gap is brought down to a minimum.
  • the invention aims at designing a bushing of the above-mentioned kind which withstand very high direct voltage stresses and enjoys relatively small outer dimensions.
  • the invention primarily relates to a transformer bushing with a condenser body for field control for transformers used in convertor plants.
  • the task of the condenser body is to overcome the flashovers which - as it has proved - may arise in transformer bushing terminals. It is designed so as to function as a barrier with both capacitive and resistive control of the electric field and is dimensioned so that the condenser body withstands the electric field strengths occurring in this bushing and in particular in the sensitive region at the connection between the conductor of the transformer and the bushing.
  • the conductor which comes from the transformer winding and is to be connected to the conductor of the bushing consists of a conducting tube and a surrounding wound electrical insulation. This insulation is formed, from the end of the conducting tube, as a straight frustrum of a cone with cross section areas with an increasing radius which than changes into a circular-cylindrical portion towards the transformer.
  • the conductor of the bushing also often consists of a conducting tube.
  • the part of the condenser body which is situated on the air side of the transformer bushing is formed as a conventional condenser body. This means that, counting from the fixing flange of the transformer bushing, it has a circular-cylindrical portion which changes into an outwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone with decreasing diameter. Also other embodiments of this portion may be used.
  • the part of the condenser body which is covered by the invention i.e. on the oil side of the transformer bushing, normally counting from the fixing flange of the bushing, is formed as a circular-cylindrical portion the end of which is provided with an inwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone.
  • the axial length of the circular-cylindrical portion which is located on the oil side of the bushing is largely adapted such that its end coincides with the transition from conical to circular-cylindrical portion of the insulation of the conductor coming from the transformer winding.
  • the conicity of the cone, which from that point is directed inwards, largely coincides (see, however, below) with the conicity of the insulation of the conductor of the transformer winding with space for an intermediate oil gap.
  • Such a design of a condenser body means that a conventional condenser body is integrated with a condenser type barrier. This causes the electric field to be controlled in the desired way while at the same time obtaining a shielding of the conductor of the transformer. In this way the condenser body for the bushing according to the invention serves as an insulation barrier both for direct voltage and alternating voltage fields.
  • the condenser body for the bushing according to the invention is built up as a conventional condenser body, i.e. it consists of wound insulating material with condenser layers of foil type concentrically inserted therein.
  • the inner radius of the condenser body corresponds to the outer radius of the continuous current-carrying tube of the transformer bushing.
  • the condenser body is manufactured from an insulating agent alternating with conducting layers to obtain the desired capacitive control of the electric alternating field.
  • the innermost condenser layer which is concentric with the conductor has an axial length which approximately corresponds to the inner axial length of the condenser body. Outside of this innermost layer there are concentric layers alternating in length in the radial direction so that the stack formed by these layers tapers in either axial direction.
  • the taper is made so that, concurrently with increasing radius of the condenser body counting from the first layer, the layers are laid in an axial direction such that their outer edges connect with the outwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone of the condenser body on the air side and an evenly decreasing taper counting from the innermost layer towards the fixing flange on the oil side.
  • short layers which are laid such that, concurrently with increasing radius of the condenser body counting from the innermost layer, they are laid in the axial direction such that their outer edges connect with the inwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone of the condenser body.
  • the axial length of these short layers is adapted such that their areas are constant, i.e. the axial length decreases with increasing radius of the condenser body.
  • the innermost layer is connected to the central conducting tube, to which high voltage is applied, and the outermost layer at the fixing flange is connected to ground.
  • the direct voltage field is controlled by several factors.
  • the medium that has the lowest resistivity is field-controlling.
  • an oil gap is formed between the insulator body of the conductor to the transformer winding and the surrounding inwardly directed straight frustrum of a cone of the condenser body. Since the oil has the lowest resistivity, most of the current is conducted in the oil gap, which therefore controls the field in parallel with surrounding surfaces. To obtain an even distribution of the field along these surfaces, it is therefore important that the width of the oil gap increases with decreasing radius. Otherwise, the field would be concentrated towards that part where the radius is smallest, i.e. where the cross section area of the oil gap is smallest.
  • the conicity of the inwardly directed straight frustrum of a cone of the condenser body and the conicity of the conical portion of the insulator body are suitably chosen such that the radial cross section area of the oil gap is approximately constant along the conical portion of the bodies.
  • Another field-controlling part is the radial distribution of the field in that part of the condenser body which does not contain any layers, i.e. around the innermost layer to which high voltage is applied.
  • the conducting layers function - in the direct voltage case - as equipotential plains which prevent the field from being concentrated to any part of the mentioned oil channel.
  • the oil systems in the transformer and in the bushing consist of separate systems.
  • two different principal embodiments of the condenser body are suggested. These will be described in greater detail below in connection with the drawings, and therefore only a brief description of the principle will be given here.
  • One alternative is that the condenser body is designed as a tight unit, for example impregnated and cured with some suitable cast compound.
  • the second alternative comprises enclosing the condenser body in a tight casing. This leads to the creation of two oil gaps at the transition between the insulation of the conductor of the transformer winding and the condenser body.
  • condenser body with the integrated condenser type barrier in a transformer bushing according to the invention in relation to the concept with a separate condenser type barrier disclosed in US-A-539 209 is that the outer dimensions of the system can be made smaller. Another advantage is that the extent of the interfaces which are subjected to a tangentially directed electric field strength is reduced.
  • the condenser body 1 is formed as a tight cast unit. As has been described, the condenser body 1 is built up as a solid of revolution which consists of wound insulating material with concentrically inserted foil-type condenser layer.
  • Figure 1 also shows the central current-carrying part 2, in the form of a tube, of a transformer bushing around which the condenser body 1 is centered, as well as the upper end the transformer winding consisting of an inner energized tube 3 and insulating material 4 wound thereon, which material 4 is formed as a circular-cylindrical part 6 which changes into a conical taper 5 towards the end of the tube.
  • the central current-carrying part 2 in the form of a tube, of a transformer bushing around which the condenser body 1 is centered, as well as the upper end the transformer winding consisting of an inner energized tube 3 and insulating material 4 wound thereon, which material 4 is formed as a circular-cylindrical part 6 which changes into a conical taper 5 towards the end of the tube.
  • a transformer bushing in which the condenser body is to be included normally has an upper insulator of electric porcelain acting towards the air side.
  • On the oil side transformer bushings normally also have a lower insulator of, for example, electric porcelain.
  • the condenser body in the first alternative is impregnated with a suitable cast compound, for example epoxy.
  • a suitable cast compound for example epoxy.
  • the condenser body is then wound from, for example, an insulation paper which is impregnable by the cast compound used.
  • the condenser body On the air side the condenser body is formed as a condenser body according to the state of the art, i.e. with a circular-cylindrical portion 7 which changes into an outwardly-directed straight frustrum of a cone 8.
  • the condenser body On the oil side the condenser body continues in a circular-cylindrical portion 9 with the same outside diameter as the circular-cylindrical portion on the air side.
  • the axial length of the outer contour of the circular-cylindrical portion is adapted such that its end coincides with the transition of the insulation from the conical to the circular-cylindrical portion of the conductor of the transformer winding.
  • the first and innermost condenser layer 11 is electrically connected to the current-carrying tube 2 of the bushing, as indicated at the point of connection 12.
  • This first layer has an axial length which corresponds to the inner axial length of the condenser body. It is surrounded by concentric layers 13 which are laid one above the other in a radial direction and tapering relative to the first layer, in an axial direction. The taper is done by laying the layers, concurrently with increasing radius, in an axial direction so that the outer edges on one side connect with the conical contour of the air side and with an evenly decreasing taper towards the fixing flange of the transformer bushing on the other side. The outermost of these layers is connected to ground potential.
  • the condenser body is provided with concentric short layers 14 which connect with the contour of the inwardly directed straight frustrum of a cone.
  • the axial length of these short layers is adapted so as to have a practically constant area independently of the radius on which they are situated.
  • FIG. 2 An embodiment of a condenser body according to the above-mentioned second alternative is shown in Figure 2.
  • the field-controlling parts of the condenser body i.e. the wound insulating material and the layers, are arranged, from the design point of view, in the same way as in Figure 1.
  • the insulation part consists, for example, of oil-impregnated insulation paper.
  • the entire condenser body is surrounded by oil enclosed in a tight casing 15. This leads to the creation of two oil gaps between the inwardly directed cone of the condenser body and the conical portion of the conductor of the transformer winding. i.e. inside and outside the tight casing, respectively.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
  • Transformers For Measuring Instruments (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Traversée isolante pour des hautes tensions continues, en particulier pour des transformateurs d'installations à haute tension et à courant continu, comportant un seul corps de condensateur (1) pour la maîtrise du champ de la connexion entre la traversée isolante et un conducteur à connecter à la traversée isolante, en particulier le conducteur d'un enroulement de transformateur, dans laquelle
    - le corps du condensateur (1) est réalisé sous la forme d'un solide de révolution avec une ouverture cylindrique circulaire intérieure dont le rayon correspond au rayon extérieur d'un premier conducteur d'acheminement de courant (2) de la.traversée isolante, ce conducteur étant par exemple réalisé sous la forme d'un tube,
    - du côté de la traversée isolante qui est dans l'air, le corps du condensateur a une partie extérieure cylindrique circulaire (7), se terminant par une partie tronconique droite (8) dirigée vers l'extérieur,
    - et le corps de condensateur consiste en un matériau isolant avec des couches de condensateur du type pellicule métallique appliquées de façon concentrique à l'intérieur,
    caractérisée en ce que
    du côté de l'huile, le corps de condensateur de la traversée isolante a une ouverture intérieure cylindrique circulaire correspondant à l'ouverture intérieure du côté de l'air, et une partie cylindrique circulaire extérieure (9) à partir de laquelle l'extrémité du côté de l'huile de la traversée isolante comporte un tronc de cône droit (10) dirigé vers l'intérieur, qui s'étend vers l'ouverture intérieure.
  2. Traversée isolante selon la revendication 1, cette traversée isolante comportant une bride de fixation, caractérisée en ce qu'une première couche de condensateur intérieure (11) du corps de condensateur (1) a une longueur axiale qui correspond à la longueur axiale de l'ouverture cylindrique circulaire intérieure, en ce qu'à l'extérieur de cette couche se trouvent des couches de condensateur concentriques (13) appliquées les unes autour des autres et ayant une longueur axiale décroissante avec un rayon croissant, ces couches de condensateur étant disposées axialement d'une manière telle que leurs bords extérieurs se raccordent au tronc de cône (8) droit, dirigé vers l'extérieur, du corps de condensateur, d'un côté, et avec un profil tronconique dont la section diminue de façon uniforme lorsqu'on part de la première couche, en direction de la bride de fixation de la traversée isolante, de l'autre côté, et en ce que, en plus, le corps de condensateur comporte des couches de condensateur courtes (14) disposées de manière que, conjointement au rayon croissant du corps de condensateur lorsqu'on part de la première couche, les couches soient disposées dans une direction axiale de façon que leurs bords extérieurs se raccordent au tronc de cône (10) droit, dirigé vers l'intérieur, du corps de condensateur, et que leur longueur axiale soit adaptée de manière que leur aire soit constante.
  3. Traversée isolante selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que la première couche de condensateur intérieure (11) est connectée électriquement au conducteur d'acheminement de courant (2) de la traversée isolante, ce conducteur recevant une haute tension, et en ce que la couche de condensateur extérieure, à la bride de fixation de la traversée isolante,est connectée au potentiel de la masse.
  4. Traversée isolante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisée en ce que le corps de condensateur est conçu pour être enfermé dans une enveloppe étanche (15) ou constitue lui-même un corps étanche (1).
  5. Traversée isolante selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que l'écartement qui est formé entre le tronc de cône (10) droit et dirigé vers l'intérieur du corps de condensateur et l'enveloppe (15) qui l'enferme, est conçu de façon que l'aire de section droite radiale de l'écartement soit constante sur toute la longueur du cône dirigé vers l'intérieur.
  6. Connexion entre une traversée isolante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et un conducteur du côté de l'huile de la traversée isolante, le conducteur provenant par exemple d'un enroulement de transformateur, et comprenant une partie conductrice, constituée par le conducteur provenant de l'enroulement, lui-même, ou par un tube sous tension (3) qui entoure ce conducteur, cette partie conductrice étant entourée par un isolant (4) ayant une partie de forme cylindrique circulaire (6) et ayant une partie conique (5) allant en diminuant vers l'extrémité de la partie conductrice, caractérisée en ce que la longueur axiale extérieure du corps de condensateur du côté de l'huile de la traversée isolante, est telle que son extrémité coïncide avec la transition entre la partie cylindrique circulaire (6) et la partie conique (5) de l'isolant autour du tube sous tension (3).
  7. Connexion entre une traversée isolante selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes et un conducteur du côté de l'huile de la traversée isolante, le conducteur provenant par exemple d'un enroulement de transformateur, et comprenant une partie conductrice, constituée par le conducteur provenant de l'enroulement, lui-même, ou par un tube sous tension (3) qui entoure ce conducteur, cette partie conductrice étant entourée par un isolant (4) avec une partie de forme cylindrique circulaire (6) et une partie conique droite (5) allant en diminuant vers l'extrémité de la partie conductrice, ou connexion selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que la conicité du tronc de cône (10) droit et dirigé vers l'intérieur du corps de condensateur est telle que l'aire de section droite radiale de l'écartement qui est formé entre ce tronc de cône et la partie conique de l'isolant autour de la partie conductrice (3) du conducteur connecté à la traversée isolante, soit constant sur toute la longueur du cône dirigé vers l'intérieur.
EP19900120182 1989-10-31 1990-10-20 Douille de traversée pour les tensions continues hautes Revoked EP0429843B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8903633 1989-10-31
SE8903633A SE464898B (sv) 1989-10-31 1989-10-31 Kondensatorkropp foer faeltstyrning av en transformatorgenomfoerings anslutning till en transformatorlindnings uppledare hos stroemriktartransformatorer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429843A1 EP0429843A1 (fr) 1991-06-05
EP0429843B1 true EP0429843B1 (fr) 1995-12-20

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ID=20377340

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900120182 Revoked EP0429843B1 (fr) 1989-10-31 1990-10-20 Douille de traversée pour les tensions continues hautes

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0429843B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03180011A (fr)
BR (1) BR9005510A (fr)
CA (1) CA2028987A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE69024335T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK0429843T3 (fr)
SE (1) SE464898B (fr)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006008922B4 (de) * 2006-02-21 2009-01-02 Siemens Ag Elektrische Abschirmanordnung
DE102006013927B4 (de) * 2006-03-21 2008-11-20 Siemens Ag Verbindungselement für eine elektrische Abschirmungsanordnung
CN101136269B (zh) 2006-08-31 2013-03-27 Abb研究有限公司 高压套管
CN101136268B (zh) 2006-08-31 2012-02-08 Abb技术有限公司 高压dc套管以及包括该高压套管的设备
DE102010063979A1 (de) 2010-12-22 2012-06-28 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrische Abschirmanordnung einer Trennstelle einer Leitungsführung für eine HGÜ-Komponente
DE102012203709B4 (de) * 2012-03-08 2024-04-04 Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG Hochspannungsdurchführung für Gleichspannung
EP2922070A1 (fr) * 2014-03-19 2015-09-23 ABB Technology Ltd Système d'isolation électrique et dispositif à induction électromagnétique haute tension comprenant celui-ci
DE102017102370A1 (de) * 2017-02-07 2018-08-09 nkt cables GmbH & Co.KG Verbindungsmuffe
DE102018116416A1 (de) 2018-07-06 2020-01-09 Nkt Gmbh & Co. Kg Verbindungsmuffe
DE102018215274A1 (de) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung und Verfahren zur Potentialabsteuerung in der Hochspannungstechnik

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS499837B1 (fr) * 1968-12-11 1974-03-06

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0429843A1 (fr) 1991-06-05
DE69024335D1 (de) 1996-02-01
BR9005510A (pt) 1991-09-17
SE8903633L (sv) 1991-05-01
JPH03180011A (ja) 1991-08-06
DE69024335T2 (de) 1996-08-14
DK0429843T3 (da) 1996-05-06
CA2028987A1 (fr) 1991-05-01
SE464898B (sv) 1991-06-24
SE8903633D0 (sv) 1989-10-31

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