EP0429636B1 - Suspension and shock absorbing device for railway vehicles with movable axles - Google Patents

Suspension and shock absorbing device for railway vehicles with movable axles Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0429636B1
EP0429636B1 EP90910140A EP90910140A EP0429636B1 EP 0429636 B1 EP0429636 B1 EP 0429636B1 EP 90910140 A EP90910140 A EP 90910140A EP 90910140 A EP90910140 A EP 90910140A EP 0429636 B1 EP0429636 B1 EP 0429636B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
axle
axle box
rod
box
frame
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EP90910140A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0429636A1 (en
Inventor
Robert Urrea
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Arbel Fauvet Rail SA
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Arbel Fauvet Rail SA
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Priority to AT90910140T priority Critical patent/ATE92409T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61F—RAIL VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS, e.g. UNDERFRAMES, BOGIES OR ARRANGEMENTS OF WHEEL AXLES; RAIL VEHICLES FOR USE ON TRACKS OF DIFFERENT WIDTH; PREVENTING DERAILING OF RAIL VEHICLES; WHEEL GUARDS, OBSTRUCTION REMOVERS OR THE LIKE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
    • B61F5/00—Constructional details of bogies; Connections between bogies and vehicle underframes; Arrangements or devices for adjusting or allowing self-adjustment of wheel axles or bogies when rounding curves
    • B61F5/26—Mounting or securing axle-boxes in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/30—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes
    • B61F5/308—Axle-boxes mounted for movement under spring control in vehicle or bogie underframes incorporating damping devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a suspension and damping device for rail vehicles with steerable axles, of the type known, for example, from French patent FR-A-1,256,132, certificates of addition 77428 and 82179 attached to French patent cited above as well as by French patents FR-A-2,477,090 and FR-A-2,490,172.
  • Suspension and damping devices of this type which can be used to orient the axles of a bogie with respect to the bogie chassis or the axles of a wagon with respect to the chassis or body of the wagon, include, for each axle, two axle boxes on each of which the chassis to be suspended is supported by two helical compression springs arranged on either side of the box.
  • Each spring is capped with a cap and the connection between the frame and the two caps is ensured by two pairs of connecting elements articulated on the caps and on the frame so that the action lianas of the two pairs of connecting elements converge downwards.
  • the axle box has, in the longitudinal direction of the chassis, a freedom of movement limited by two guard plates integral with the chassis and two pushers guided in said guard plates are interposed between the caps and the axle box, these lifters rub on two opposite sides of the axle box.
  • the pushers are guided in the guard plates integral with the chassis to be suspended so as to be movable along their axes, the axes of the pushers being orthogonal to the axis of the axle when the latter has not undergone orientation.
  • the axes of the lifters are no longer perpendicular to the axle of the axle and the conditions of friction of the lifters on the sides of the axle box are modified in proportions which are a function of the orientation angle, this modification being able to go as far as jamming which is detrimental to the orientation of the axle.
  • This orientation of the axles does not have a very significant consequence on the friction function of the pushers in the case of bogie axles, owing to the fact that due to the small wheelbase of the bogie axles, this orientation can be limited in this case. at very low angular values.
  • the present invention relates to a suspension and damping device for rail vehicles with steerable axles, overcoming the drawbacks of known devices of this type, that is to say allowing the orientation of the axles without affecting the transverse stability of the vehicle.
  • the invention also relates to a suspension and damping device designed so that it can be used for axles other than bogie axles and in particular for vehicle axles with two axles only.
  • the device according to the invention for suspension and damping for rail vehicles with steerable axles comprises, for each axle, two axle boxes on each of which the chassis to be suspended (bogie chassis or wagon body) is supported by two helical compression springs arranged on either side of each box.
  • Each spring is capped with a cap and the connection between the chassis and the two caps is ensured by two pairs of connecting elements articulated on the caps and on the chassis in such a way that the lines of action of the two pairs of connecting elements converge downwards.
  • the axle box has, in the longitudinal direction of the chassis, freedom of movement limited by two guard plates integral with the chassis.
  • each plunger is an articulated plunger comprising a rod guided in the guard plate and a friction sole in contact with the axle box, the sole being articulated on the rod.
  • the conditions of friction of the lifters on the axle box are not affected by the orientation of the axle, which allows without altering the lateral stability of the vehicle, angles of relatively large orientation of the axle, as necessary to allow correct registration in the curves of the axles of large wheelbase vehicles, for example two-axle wagons.
  • each push rod has, at its end facing the axle box, a blind hole with a hemispherical bottom and the friction sole comprises, opposite its friction face, a projecting spherical head cooperating with the hemispherical bottom of the blind hole in the stem.
  • the spherical head projecting from the friction sole is connected to the latter by a neck with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the head and is held in the blind hole of the rod by a retaining ring engaged in a groove. from the blind hole.
  • Such an arrangement makes it possible to dissociate the two friction functions which occur, on such suspension devices, for the purpose of damping between the pushers and the axle box, namely horizontal friction for damping transverse movements ( transverse stability) and friction in the vertical direction for damping vertical movements (vertical stability).
  • FIG. 1a which diagrammatically represents a known suspension and damping device for a chassis 1 (bogie chassis or chassis or wagon body), an axle box 2 in which is mounted an axle 3 with wheels 4 has horizontally, in the longitudinal direction of the chassis 1, mobility limited by two guard plates 5 integral with the chassis 1 and framing the axle box 2 with play on the two opposite sides.
  • the chassis 1 is supported on the axle box 2 by means of two helical compression springs 6, the lower ends of which bear on lateral ears 7 of the axle box 2.
  • the springs 6 are capped, each at its upper end, by a cap 7 on which is articulated, by a horizontal axis 8, the upper end of a pair of connecting elements 9 whose lower end is articulated by a horizontal axis 10 on side legs 11 of the corresponding guard plate 5.
  • a pusher 12 guided in each of the guard plates 5 is interposed between each cap 7 and one side of the axle box 2, the pusher 12 comprising a rod 13 guided in the guard plate 5 so as to be able to slide in the direction longitudinal of the chassis 1, the rod 13 carrying by its free end against the cap 7 and having at its other end a friction sole 14 in contact with a friction lining 15 attached to the axle box 2.
  • the angle that the axes of the rods 13 of the pushers 12 make with the axis of the axle 3 varies during the orientation of the axle in the curves, which modifies the contact conditions soles 14 of the pushers 12 with the friction linings 15 of the axle box 2.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show a suspension and damping device having the same general structure as that of Figures 1a and 1b, but using instead of rigid pushers 12 of Figures 1a and 1b, articulated pushers 16 between the caps 7 covering the springs 6 and the axle box 2.
  • Each articulated pusher 16 which will be described in more detail below, with the aid of FIGS. 3 and 4, comprises a rod 17 slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the chassis 1 in the guard plate 5, and a friction sole 18 in contact with one side of the axle box 2, the rod 17 being connected to the sole 18 by a hinge 19.
  • the articulation 19 of the pushers 16 allows the friction soles 18 to maintain, whatever the orientation of the axle 3, always the same friction conditions with the friction linings 15 provided on the axle box 2.
  • the rod 17 has, at its end facing the sole 18, a blind hole 20 with a hemispherical bottom 21.
  • the friction sole 18 carries, projecting from its face turned towards the rod 17, a spherical head 22 which, in the example shown, corresponds to a spherical segment at a base, of a height slightly greater than the radius of the sphere.
  • the head 22 is connected to the sole 18 by a neck 23 with a diameter less than the diameter of the head 22.
  • the head 22 is held in the blind hole 20 by a retaining ring 24 engaged in a groove in the blind hole 20, so that the head 22, in contact with the hemispherical bottom 21 of the blind hole 20, has sufficient freedom to allow the orientation of the sole 18 by relative to the rod 17 within the necessary limits taking into account the possibilities of orientation of the axle 3 between the guard plates 5.
  • FIG. 3 which is a detailed section of an embodiment of the suspension device according to the invention, it is recognized that the sole 18 of each pusher 16 is embedded and movable horizontally in a groove 25 of a slide 26, itself movable vertically in a groove 27 of a slide 28 fixed laterally on the axle box 2.
  • suspension springs 6 are completed, in a manner known per se, by additional suspension springs 29 arranged inside the main springs 6.
  • articulated pushers 16 between the caps 7 of the suspension springs 6 and the axle box 2 is particularly advantageous in the case of individual axles, that is to say on vehicles which do not are not bogie and whose axles have a large wheelbase.
  • the invention is also applicable to axles of spark plugs, in particular on vehicles having to operate on tracks having curves of small radius.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
  • Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Suspension and shock absorbing device of the type which includes two suspension springs (6) set on either side of an axle-box (2). Said device further includes linking elements (9) hinged to caps (7) which cover the spring (6) and the chassis (1) which are to be suspended in such a way that the linking elements (9) converge towards the lower part. Push rods (16) inserted between the caps (7) and the sides of the axle-box (2) are also provided. The push rods (16) consists of hinged push rods, which make it possible to maintain the same conditions for application of the push rods against the axle-box when the axles are steered around bends. Application: in particular, railway vehicles with two axles.

Description

L'invention se rapporte à un dispositif de suspension et d'amortissement pour véhicules ferroviaires à essieux orientables, du type connu, par exemple, par le brevet français FR-A-1.256.132, les certificats d'addition 77428 et 82179 rattachés au brevet français précité ainsi que par les brevets français FR-A-2.477.090 et FR-A-2.490.172.The invention relates to a suspension and damping device for rail vehicles with steerable axles, of the type known, for example, from French patent FR-A-1,256,132, certificates of addition 77428 and 82179 attached to French patent cited above as well as by French patents FR-A-2,477,090 and FR-A-2,490,172.

Les dispositifs de suspension et d'amortissement de ce type qui peuvent être utilisés pour rendre orientables les essieux d'un boggie par rapport au chassis de boggie ou les essieux d'un wagon par rapport au chassis ou à la caisse du wagon, comprennent, pour chaque essieu, deux boîtes d'essieux sur chacune desquelles le chassis à suspendre prend appui par deux ressorts hélicoïdaux de compression disposés de part et d'autre de la boîte.Suspension and damping devices of this type which can be used to orient the axles of a bogie with respect to the bogie chassis or the axles of a wagon with respect to the chassis or body of the wagon, include, for each axle, two axle boxes on each of which the chassis to be suspended is supported by two helical compression springs arranged on either side of the box.

Chaque ressort est coiffé d'un chapeau et la liaison entre le chassis et les deux chapeaux est assurée par deux paires d'éléments de liaison articulés sur les chapeaux et sur le chassis de telle manière que les lianes d'action des deux paires d'éléments de liaison convergent vers le bas.Each spring is capped with a cap and the connection between the frame and the two caps is ensured by two pairs of connecting elements articulated on the caps and on the frame so that the action lianas of the two pairs of connecting elements converge downwards.

La boîte d'essieu présente, dans la direction longitudinale du chassis, une liberté de déplacement limitée par deux plaques de garde solidaires du chassis et deux poussoirs guidés dans les dites plaques de garde sont intercalés entre les chapeaux et la boîte d'essieu, ces poussoirs frottent sur les deux côtés opposés de la boîte d'essieu.The axle box has, in the longitudinal direction of the chassis, a freedom of movement limited by two guard plates integral with the chassis and two pushers guided in said guard plates are interposed between the caps and the axle box, these lifters rub on two opposite sides of the axle box.

Les poussoirs sont guidés dans les plaques de garde solidaires du chassis à suspendre de manière à être mobiles suivant leurs axes, les axes des poussoirs étant orthogonaux à l'axe de l'essieu lorsque ce dernier n'a pas subi d'orientation.The pushers are guided in the guard plates integral with the chassis to be suspended so as to be movable along their axes, the axes of the pushers being orthogonal to the axis of the axle when the latter has not undergone orientation.

Lorsque l'essieu a subi une orientation, les axes des poussoirs ne sont plus perpendiculaires à l'axe de l'essieu et les conditions de frottement des poussoirs sur les côtés de la boîte d'essieu se trouvent modifiées dans des proportions qui sont fonction de l'angle d'orientation, cette modification pouvant aller jusqu'à un coincement préjudiciable à l'orientation de l'essieu.When the axle has undergone an orientation, the axes of the lifters are no longer perpendicular to the axle of the axle and the conditions of friction of the lifters on the sides of the axle box are modified in proportions which are a function of the orientation angle, this modification being able to go as far as jamming which is detrimental to the orientation of the axle.

Cette orientation des essieux n'a pas de conséquence très importante sur la fonction de frottement des poussoirs dans le cas d'essieux de boggie, du fait qu'en raison du faible empattement des essieux de boggies, cette orientation peut être limitée dans ce cas à des valeurs angulaires très faibles.This orientation of the axles does not have a very significant consequence on the friction function of the pushers in the case of bogie axles, owing to the fact that due to the small wheelbase of the bogie axles, this orientation can be limited in this case. at very low angular values.

Il n'en est pas de même dans le cas des véhicules à deux essieux seulement.This is not the case in the case of two-axle vehicles only.

En effet, sur de tels véhicules, l'empattement des essieux est relativement important.Indeed, on such vehicles, the wheelbase of the axles is relatively large.

Par conséquent, une bonne orientation des essieux, implique des angles d'orientation relativement importants auquel cas les conditions de frottement des poussoirs deviennent incontrôlables.Consequently, good orientation of the axles implies relatively large angles of orientation in which case the conditions of friction of the pushers become uncontrollable.

C'est la raison pour laquelle de tels dispositifs de suspension et d'amortissement n'ont été utilisés jusqu'à présent que sur des essieux de boggies.This is the reason why such suspension and damping devices have so far been used only on bogie axles.

Pour tenter de remédier à ces conditions de frottement aléatoires des poussoirs, on pourrait imaginer de graisser les poussoirs ou d'augmenter les jeux mais chacune de ces deux dispositions altèrerait la stabilité transversale du véhicule; laquelle dépend essentiellement des conditions de frottement des poussoirs sur la boîte d'essieux.In an attempt to remedy these conditions of random friction of the pushers, one could imagine greasing the pushers or increasing the clearances, but each of these two provisions would alter the transverse stability of the vehicle; which essentially depends on the conditions of friction of the pushers on the axle box.

La présente invention a pour objet un dispositif de suspension et d'amortissement pour véhicules ferroviaires à essieux orientables, remédiant aux inconvénients des dispositifs connus de ce type c'est à dire permettant l'orientation des essieux sans affecter la stabilité transversale du véhicule.The present invention relates to a suspension and damping device for rail vehicles with steerable axles, overcoming the drawbacks of known devices of this type, that is to say allowing the orientation of the axles without affecting the transverse stability of the vehicle.

L'invention a également pour objet un dispositif de suspension et d'amortissement conçu de manière à pouvoir être utilisé pour des essieux autres que des essieux de boggies et en particulier pour des essieux de véhicules à deux essieux seulement.The invention also relates to a suspension and damping device designed so that it can be used for axles other than bogie axles and in particular for vehicle axles with two axles only.

Le dispositif conforme à l'invention de suspension et d'amortissement pour véhicules ferroviaires à essieux orientables comprend, pour chaque essieu, deux boîtes d'essieux sur chacune desquelles le châssis à suspendre (chassis de boggie ou caisse de wagon) prend appui par deux ressorts hélicoïdaux de compression disposés de part et d'autre de chaque boîte.The device according to the invention for suspension and damping for rail vehicles with steerable axles comprises, for each axle, two axle boxes on each of which the chassis to be suspended (bogie chassis or wagon body) is supported by two helical compression springs arranged on either side of each box.

Chaque ressort est coiffé d'un chapeau et la liaison entre le chassis et les deux chapeaux est assurée par deux paires d'éléments de liaison articulés sur les chapeaux et sur le chassis de telle manière que les lignes d'action des deux paires d'éléments de liaison convergent vers le bas.Each spring is capped with a cap and the connection between the chassis and the two caps is ensured by two pairs of connecting elements articulated on the caps and on the chassis in such a way that the lines of action of the two pairs of connecting elements converge downwards.

La boîte d'essieu présente, dans la direction longitudinale du chassis, une liberté de déplacement limitée par deux plaques de garde solidaires du chassis.The axle box has, in the longitudinal direction of the chassis, freedom of movement limited by two guard plates integral with the chassis.

Deux poussoirs guidés dans les dites plaques de garde sont intercalés entre les chapeaux et la boîte d'essieu, ces poussoirs frottant sur les deux côtés opposés de la boîte d'essieu.Two pushers guided in said guard plates are interposed between the caps and the axle box, these pushers rubbing on the two opposite sides of the axle box.

Suivant l'invention, chaque poussoir est un poussoir articulé comprenant une tige guidée dans la plaque de garde et une semelle de frottement en contact avec la boîte d'essieu, la semelle étant articulée sur la tige.According to the invention, each plunger is an articulated plunger comprising a rod guided in the guard plate and a friction sole in contact with the axle box, the sole being articulated on the rod.

Grâce à l'utilisation de poussoirs articulés, les conditions de frottement des poussoirs sur la boîte d'essieu ne sont pas affectées par l'orientation de l'essieu, ce qui autorise sans altération de la stabilité latérale du véhicule, des angles d'orientation relativement importants de l'essieu, tels qu'ils sont nécessaires pour permettre une inscription correcte dans les courbes des essieux de véhicules à grand empattement, par exemple de wagons à deux essieux.Thanks to the use of articulated lifters, the conditions of friction of the lifters on the axle box are not affected by the orientation of the axle, which allows without altering the lateral stability of the vehicle, angles of relatively large orientation of the axle, as necessary to allow correct registration in the curves of the axles of large wheelbase vehicles, for example two-axle wagons.

De préférence, chaque tige de poussoir présente, à son extrémité tournée vers la boîte d'essieu, un trou borgne à fond hémisphérique et la semelle de frottement comporte, à l'opposé de sa face de frottement, une tête sphérique en saillie coopérant avec le fond hémisphérique du trou borgne de la tige.Preferably, each push rod has, at its end facing the axle box, a blind hole with a hemispherical bottom and the friction sole comprises, opposite its friction face, a projecting spherical head cooperating with the hemispherical bottom of the blind hole in the stem.

De préférence, la tête sphérique en saillie sur la semelle de frottement se raccorde à cette dernière par un col de diamètre plus faible que le diamètre de la tête et est maintenue dans le trou borgne de la tige par un anneau de retenue engagé dans une gorge du trou borgne.Preferably, the spherical head projecting from the friction sole is connected to the latter by a neck with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the head and is held in the blind hole of the rod by a retaining ring engaged in a groove. from the blind hole.

Grâce au fait que la surface de frottement de la semelle des poussoirs conserve toujours quel que soit l'angle d'orientation de l'essieu, la même position parallèle à la surface de frottement conjuguée sur la boîte d'essieu, il est possible d'encastrer la semelle de frottement des poussoirs dans une rainure horizontale ménagée dans un coulisseau lui-même mobile verticalement sur la boîte d'essieu.Thanks to the fact that the friction surface of the sole of the tappets always maintains whatever the angle of orientation of the axle, the same position parallel to the friction surface combined on the axle box, it is possible d '' embed the friction sole of the tappets in a horizontal groove made in a slider itself movable vertically on the axle box.

Un tel agencement permet de dissocier les deux fonctions de frottement qui interviennent, sur de tels dispositifs de suspension, à des fins d'amortissement entre les poussoirs et la boîte d'essieu, à savoir un frottement horizontal pour l'amortissement des mouvements transversaux (stabilité transversale) et un frottement en direction verticale pour l'amortissement des mouvements verticaux (stabilité verticale).Such an arrangement makes it possible to dissociate the two friction functions which occur, on such suspension devices, for the purpose of damping between the pushers and the axle box, namely horizontal friction for damping transverse movements ( transverse stability) and friction in the vertical direction for damping vertical movements (vertical stability).

De plus, il est possible dans ce cas d'adapter les couples de matériaux de manière à obtenir des conditions de frottements optimales en direction verticale et en direction horizontale.In addition, it is possible in this case to adapt the pairs of materials so as to obtain optimal friction conditions in the vertical direction and in the horizontal direction.

Il est ainsi possible, par exemple, de choisir le couple acier-matière plastique entre le coulisseau et la boîte d'essieu afin d'obtenir un faible frottement vertical, et le couple acier-acier entre la semelle du poussoir et le coulisseau, afin d'obtenir un frottement élevé dans le sens horizontal.It is thus possible, for example, to choose the steel-plastic couple between the slide and the axle box in order to obtain a low vertical friction, and the steel-steel couple between the sole of the pusher and the slide, so to obtain a high friction in the horizontal direction.

En se référant aux dessins annexés, on va décrire ci-aprés, plus en détail, un exemple de réalisation illustratif et non limitatif d'un dispositif conforme à l'invention ; sur les dessins :

  • les figures 1a et 1b représentent schématiquement en élévation et en coupe horizontale les conditions de contact de poussoirs non articulés avec une boîte d'essieu lors de l'orientation de l'essieu,
  • les figures 2a et 2b représentent de la même manière les conditions de contact en cas d'utilisation de poussoirs articulés,
  • la figure 3 représente, en détail, la coupe verticale d'un dispositif de suspension et d'amortissement conforme à l'invention,
  • la figure 4 représente à plus grande échelle la structure d'un poussoir articulé.
Referring to the accompanying drawings, there will be described below, in more detail, an illustrative and nonlimiting embodiment of a device according to the invention; on the drawings:
  • FIGS. 1a and 1b schematically show in elevation and in horizontal section the conditions of contact of non-articulated pushers with an axle box during the orientation of the axle,
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b show in the same way the contact conditions in the event of the use of articulated pushers,
  • FIG. 3 represents, in detail, the vertical section of a suspension and damping device according to the invention,
  • Figure 4 shows on a larger scale the structure of an articulated pusher.

Sur la figure 1a qui représente schématiquement un dispositif connu de suspension et d'amortissement d'un chassis 1 (chassis de boggie ou chassis ou caisse de wagon), une boîte d'essieu 2 dans laquelle est monté un essieu 3 avec roues 4 présente horizontalement, dans la direction longitudinale du chassis 1, une mobilité limitée par deux plaques de garde 5 solidaires du chassis 1 et encadrant la boîte d'essieu 2 avec du jeu sur les deux côtés opposés.In FIG. 1a which diagrammatically represents a known suspension and damping device for a chassis 1 (bogie chassis or chassis or wagon body), an axle box 2 in which is mounted an axle 3 with wheels 4 has horizontally, in the longitudinal direction of the chassis 1, mobility limited by two guard plates 5 integral with the chassis 1 and framing the axle box 2 with play on the two opposite sides.

Le chassis 1 prend appui sur la boîte d'essieu 2 par l'intermédiaire de deux ressorts hélicoïdaux de compression 6 dont les extrémités inférieures portent sur des oreilles latérales 7 de la boîte d'essieu 2.The chassis 1 is supported on the axle box 2 by means of two helical compression springs 6, the lower ends of which bear on lateral ears 7 of the axle box 2.

Les ressorts 6 sont coiffés, chacun à son extrémité supérieure, par un chapeau 7 sur lequel est articulée, par un axe horizontal 8, l'extrémité supérieure d'une paire d'éléments de liaison 9 dont l'extrémité inférieure est articulée par un axe horizontal 10 sur des pattes latérales 11 de la plaque de garde 5 correspondante.The springs 6 are capped, each at its upper end, by a cap 7 on which is articulated, by a horizontal axis 8, the upper end of a pair of connecting elements 9 whose lower end is articulated by a horizontal axis 10 on side legs 11 of the corresponding guard plate 5.

Un poussoir 12 guidé dans chacune des plaques de garde 5 est intercalé entre chaque chapeau 7 et un côté de la boîte d'essieu 2, le poussoir 12 comprenant une tige 13 guidée dans la plaque de garde 5 de manière à pouvoir coulisser dans la direction longitudinale du chassis 1, la tige 13 portant par son extrémité libre contre le chapeau 7 et présentant à son autre extrémité une semelle de frottement 14 en contact avec une garniture de frottement 15 rapportée sur la boîte d'essieu 2.A pusher 12 guided in each of the guard plates 5 is interposed between each cap 7 and one side of the axle box 2, the pusher 12 comprising a rod 13 guided in the guard plate 5 so as to be able to slide in the direction longitudinal of the chassis 1, the rod 13 carrying by its free end against the cap 7 and having at its other end a friction sole 14 in contact with a friction lining 15 attached to the axle box 2.

Des dispositifs de suspension de ce type sont bien connus notamment par les brevets déjà mentionnés.Suspension devices of this type are well known in particular by the patents already mentioned.

Comme le montre la figure 1b, l'angle que les axes des tiges 13 des poussoirs 12 font avec l'axe de l'essieu 3 varie lors de l'orientation de l'essieu dans les courbes, ce qui modifie les conditions de contact des semelles 14 des poussoirs 12 avec les garnitures de frottement 15 de la boîte d'essieu 2.As shown in FIG. 1b, the angle that the axes of the rods 13 of the pushers 12 make with the axis of the axle 3 varies during the orientation of the axle in the curves, which modifies the contact conditions soles 14 of the pushers 12 with the friction linings 15 of the axle box 2.

Il en résulte une modification des conditions de frottement entre la semelle 14 et la garniture 15, d'où une variation de l'effet d'amortissement transversal, donc une variation de la stabilité transversale du véhicule.This results in a modification of the friction conditions between the sole 14 and the lining 15, hence a variation in the transverse damping effect, therefore a variation in the transverse stability of the vehicle.

Cette variation des conditions de frottement qui peut aller jusqu'à un coincement est d'autant plus importante que l'amplitude de l'orientation de l'essieu 3 est grande, le degré d'orientation étant fonction de l'empattement des essieux du véhicule et du rayon de la courbe.This variation in the friction conditions which can go as far as jamming is all the greater the greater the amplitude of the orientation of the axle 3, the degree of orientation being a function of the wheelbase of the axles of the vehicle and radius of the curve.

Les figures 2a et 2b représentent un dispositif de suspension et d'amortissement ayant la même structure générale que celui des figures 1a et 1b, mais utilisant à la place des poussoirs rigides 12 des figures 1a et 1b, des poussoirs articulés 16 entre les chapeaux 7 coiffant les ressorts 6 et la boîte d'essieu 2.Figures 2a and 2b show a suspension and damping device having the same general structure as that of Figures 1a and 1b, but using instead of rigid pushers 12 of Figures 1a and 1b, articulated pushers 16 between the caps 7 covering the springs 6 and the axle box 2.

Chaque poussoir articulé 16 qui sera décrit plus en détail ci-aprés, à l'aide des figures 3 et 4, comprend une tige 17 montée coulissante suivant la direction longitudinale du chassis 1 dans la plaque de garde 5, et une semelle de frottement 18 en contact avec un côté de la boîte d'essieu 2, la tige 17 étant reliée à la semelle 18 par une articulation 19.Each articulated pusher 16 which will be described in more detail below, with the aid of FIGS. 3 and 4, comprises a rod 17 slidably mounted in the longitudinal direction of the chassis 1 in the guard plate 5, and a friction sole 18 in contact with one side of the axle box 2, the rod 17 being connected to the sole 18 by a hinge 19.

Tel que cela apparaît sur la figure 2b, l'articulation 19 des poussoirs 16 permet aux semelles de frottement 18 de conserver, quelle que soit l'orientation de l'essieu 3, toujours les mêmes conditions de frottement avec les garnitures de frottement 15 prévues sur la boîte d'essieu 2. Selon la figure 4 qui représente, en détail, un poussoir articulé 16, la tige 17 comporte, à son extrémité tournée vers la semelle 18, un trou borgne 20 à fond 21 hémisphérique.As shown in FIG. 2b, the articulation 19 of the pushers 16 allows the friction soles 18 to maintain, whatever the orientation of the axle 3, always the same friction conditions with the friction linings 15 provided on the axle box 2. According to Figure 4 which shows, in detail, an articulated pusher 16, the rod 17 has, at its end facing the sole 18, a blind hole 20 with a hemispherical bottom 21.

La semelle de frottement 18 porte, en saillie sur sa face tournée vers la tige 17, une tête 22 sphérique qui, dans l'exemple représenté, correspond à un segment sphérique à une base, d'une hauteur légèrement supérieure au rayon de sphére.The friction sole 18 carries, projecting from its face turned towards the rod 17, a spherical head 22 which, in the example shown, corresponds to a spherical segment at a base, of a height slightly greater than the radius of the sphere.

La tête 22 se raccorde à la semelle 18 par un col 23 de diamètre inférieur au diamètre de la tête 22.The head 22 is connected to the sole 18 by a neck 23 with a diameter less than the diameter of the head 22.

La tête 22 est maintenue dans le trou borgne 20 par un anneau de retenue 24 engagé dans une gorge du trou borgne 20, de telle manière que la tête 22, en contact avec le fond hémisphérique 21 du trou borgne 20, possède une liberté suffisante pour permettre l'orientation de la semelle 18 par rapport à la tige 17 dans les limites nécessaires compte tenu des possibilités d'orientation de l'essieu 3 entre les plaques de garde 5.The head 22 is held in the blind hole 20 by a retaining ring 24 engaged in a groove in the blind hole 20, so that the head 22, in contact with the hemispherical bottom 21 of the blind hole 20, has sufficient freedom to allow the orientation of the sole 18 by relative to the rod 17 within the necessary limits taking into account the possibilities of orientation of the axle 3 between the guard plates 5.

Sur la figure 3 qui est une coupe détaillée d'un mode de réalisation du dispositif de suspension conforme à l'invention, on reconnaît que la semelle 18 de chaque poussoir 16 est encastrée et mobile horizontalement dans une rainure 25 d'un coulisseau 26, lui-même mobile verticalement dans une rainure 27 d'une glissière 28 fixée latéralement sur la boîte d'essieu 2.In FIG. 3 which is a detailed section of an embodiment of the suspension device according to the invention, it is recognized that the sole 18 of each pusher 16 is embedded and movable horizontally in a groove 25 of a slide 26, itself movable vertically in a groove 27 of a slide 28 fixed laterally on the axle box 2.

Cela permet de dissocier le frottement dans le sens horizontal qui détermine l'amortissement transversal c'est à dire la stabilité transversale du véhicule, du frottement vertical qui détermine l'amortissement des mouvements verticaux.This makes it possible to dissociate the friction in the horizontal direction which determines the transverse damping, that is to say the transverse stability of the vehicle, from the vertical friction which determines the damping of the vertical movements.

Il est ainsi possible en particulier de choisir, selon les besoins, les couples de matériaux en contact déterminant le frottement horizontal et le frottement vertical, afin d'obtenir ainsi un frottement élevé et également un amortissement élevé dans le sens horizontal (stabilité transversale) et un frottement faible, donc également un amortissement faible, dans le sens vertical.It is thus possible in particular to choose, as required, the pairs of materials in contact determining the horizontal friction and the vertical friction, in order to thus obtain a high friction and also a high damping in the horizontal direction (transverse stability) and low friction, therefore also low damping, in the vertical direction.

On reconnaît par ailleurs sur la figure 3 que les ressorts de suspension 6 sont complétés, de façon connue en soi, par des ressorts additionnels de suspension 29 disposés à l'intérieur des principaux ressorts 6.It is also recognized in FIG. 3 that the suspension springs 6 are completed, in a manner known per se, by additional suspension springs 29 arranged inside the main springs 6.

L'utilisation conforme à l'invention de poussoirs articulés 16 entre les chapeaux 7 des ressorts de suspension 6 et la boîte d'essieu 2, est particulièrement intéressante dans le cas d'essieux individuels, c'est à dire sur des véhicules qui ne sont pas à boggie et dont les essieux présentent un grand empattement.The use according to the invention of articulated pushers 16 between the caps 7 of the suspension springs 6 and the axle box 2, is particularly advantageous in the case of individual axles, that is to say on vehicles which do not are not bogie and whose axles have a large wheelbase.

Cependant, l'invention est également applicable à des essieux de bougies, notamment sur des véhicules devant évoluer sur des voies présentant des courbes de faible rayon.However, the invention is also applicable to axles of spark plugs, in particular on vehicles having to operate on tracks having curves of small radius.

Claims (4)

  1. A suspension and shock-absorbing device for railway vehicles with adjustable axles (3), comprising two axle boxes (2) for each axle, upon each of which boxes the frame to be sprung (1) (the frame of a bogie or of a wagon body) is supported by means of two helical compression springs (6) arranged on both sides of each box, each spring being covered by a cap (7), the connection between the frame and the two caps being ensured by two pairs of connection members (9) articulated on the caps and on the frame in such a manner that the lines of action of the two pairs of connection members converge towards the bottom, the axle box (2) having, in the longitudinal direction of the frame, a freedom of movement limited by two axle guards (5) integral with the frame (1), and two tappets (16) guided in the said axle guards are positioned between the caps and the axle box, the said tappets sliding against the two opposite sides of the axle box (2), characterised in that each tappet is an articulated tappet (16) comprising a rod (17) guided in the axle guard (5) and a friction plate (18) in contact with the axle box (2), the plate being articulated on the rod.
  2. A device according to claim 1, characterised in that at its end facing the axle box (2), each tappet rod (17) has a blind hole (20) with a hemispherical base (21), and the friction plate (18) has a projecting spherical head (22) on the opposite side to its friction surface, the head co-operating with the hemispherical base of the blind hole in the rod.
  3. A device according to claim 2, characterised in that the spherical head (22) projecting from the friction plate (18) is connected thereto by a collar (23) of a diameter less than the diameter of the head, and is retained in the blind hole (20) in the rod (17) by a retaining ring (24) engaged in a neck of the blind hole.
  4. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the friction plate (18) of each tappet (16) is sunk in a horizontal groove (25) provided in a slide block (26), which is itself vertically displaceable in a groove (27) of a guide (28) arranged on the axle box (2).
EP90910140A 1989-06-19 1990-06-18 Suspension and shock absorbing device for railway vehicles with movable axles Expired - Lifetime EP0429636B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90910140T ATE92409T1 (en) 1989-06-19 1990-06-18 SUSPENSION AND DAMPING DEVICE FOR RAIL VEHICLES WITH CONTROLLABLE AXLES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8908490A FR2648417B1 (en) 1989-06-19 1989-06-19 SUSPENSION AND DAMPING DEVICE FOR RAILWAY AXLES RAILWAY VEHICLES
FR8908490 1989-06-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0429636A1 EP0429636A1 (en) 1991-06-05
EP0429636B1 true EP0429636B1 (en) 1993-08-04

Family

ID=9383129

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90910140A Expired - Lifetime EP0429636B1 (en) 1989-06-19 1990-06-18 Suspension and shock absorbing device for railway vehicles with movable axles

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0429636B1 (en)
AU (1) AU5933790A (en)
DE (1) DE69002589T2 (en)
FR (1) FR2648417B1 (en)
PT (1) PT94413B (en)
WO (1) WO1990015744A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19925634A1 (en) * 1999-06-04 2000-12-14 Dwa Deutsche Waggonbau Gmbh Running gear for rail vehicles
EP1097852A1 (en) * 1999-11-02 2001-05-09 KOCKUMS Industrier ABOLAG Bogie for railway freight wagons with radial self-steerable wheel-sets
GB0311480D0 (en) * 2003-05-20 2003-06-25 Powell Duffryn Rail Ltd Improvements in the track friendliness of Y25 bogie
RU2467901C2 (en) * 2010-09-08 2012-11-27 Федеральное государственное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Брянская государственная сельскохозяйственная академия" Axlebox guide

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2297863A (en) * 1940-01-11 1942-10-06 Symington Gould Corp Railway truck
DE2110072C3 (en) * 1971-03-03 1981-07-30 Wegmann & Co, 3500 Kassel Axle guide on a bogie for rail vehicles, in particular for freight wagons
BE790623A (en) * 1971-12-04 1973-02-15 Linke Hofmann Busch BOGGIE FOR RAIL VEHICLES
FR2477090A1 (en) * 1980-02-29 1981-09-04 Sambre & Meuse Usines SUSPENSION FOR CHASSIS WITH AT LEAST TWO AXLES OF RAILWAY VEHICLE AND CHASSIS HAVING THIS SUSPENSION

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2648417B1 (en) 1991-09-20
DE69002589D1 (en) 1993-09-09
WO1990015744A1 (en) 1990-12-27
EP0429636A1 (en) 1991-06-05
AU5933790A (en) 1991-01-08
PT94413B (en) 1997-02-28
FR2648417A1 (en) 1990-12-21
DE69002589T2 (en) 1993-11-25
PT94413A (en) 1991-12-31

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