EP0426369B1 - A method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoconductor drum - Google Patents
A method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoconductor drum Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0426369B1 EP0426369B1 EP90311683A EP90311683A EP0426369B1 EP 0426369 B1 EP0426369 B1 EP 0426369B1 EP 90311683 A EP90311683 A EP 90311683A EP 90311683 A EP90311683 A EP 90311683A EP 0426369 B1 EP0426369 B1 EP 0426369B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- cleaning
- outer circumferential
- circumferential surface
- coating solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G5/00—Recording members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat, to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
- G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
- G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
- G03G5/05—Organic bonding materials; Methods for coating a substrate with a photoconductive layer; Inert supplements for use in photoconductive layers
- G03G5/0525—Coating methods
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of manufacturing a photoconductor drum which is used, for example, in an electrophotographic copying machine the drum being cleaned by a hydrophilic solvent followed by heat treatment before applying a coating solution containing a photoconductive substance onto the pretreated outer circumferential surface of the drum and then drying it to form a photoconductive layer thereon.
- a photoconductor drum used in an electrophotographic copying machine is manufactured by treating a conductive aluminum drum which is processed into Alumite to form an alumite layer thereon and then applying a coating solution consisting of a photoconductive substance dissolved in an organic solvent onto the outer circumferential surface of the drum to form a photoconductive layer thereon.
- the drum such as an aluminum drum, is cleaned in a prescribed process before being coated with the coating solution containing the photoconductive substance.
- the drum is cleaned as it is rotatingly moved up and down through an annular brush disposed in a cleaning fluid tank containing a quick drying chlorine-type cleaning fluid such as fron, (chlorofluorocarbon) dichloromethane, etc., thereby cleaning the outer circumferential surface of the drum. Thereafter, the drum surface is further cleaned for degreasing with dichloromethane. Since the outer circumferential surface of the drum is thus cleaned for removal of oils and other foreign matter deposited thereon, it is possible not only to form a photoconductive layer of a prescribed thickness uniformly but also to prevent the coating solution from being contaminated when the drum is immersed in the coating solution for coating the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- the brush cleaning and degreasing cleaning are usually performed of a temperature of about 50°C.
- the coating solution containing the photoconductive substance is applied onto the thus cleaned outer circumferential surface of the drum, and is dried so as to manufacture a photoconductor drum having a photoconductive layer formed on the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- Such heat treatment is usually performed before the cleaning process. This is to prevent the cleaned outer surface of the drum from being marred after the cleaning process by performing treatment other than the application of the coating solution. Because the drum after being cleaned should be maintained in an extremely cleaned condition until the coating solution is applied to the outer circumferential surface of the drum. However, if foreign matter having low melting points (for example, 50 to 120°C) have been deposited on the drum surface, such matter will melt when the drum is heated before cleaning and then harden again after the heat is removed. The thus hardened substances may adhere to the drum surface more firmly than before the heating. The foreign substances thus made to firmly adhere to the drum surface cannot be removed completely in the subsequent drum cleaning process, thus causing the problem that the photoconductive layer cannot be uniformly formed on the outer circumferential surface of the drum in the subsequent coating process.
- foreign matter having low melting points for example, 50 to 120°C
- Japanese Laid Open Publication No. 5468244 discloses that a drum substrate is cleaned by puff-cleaning, then degreased using chloroform or trichlere as a cleaning fluid, and dried with hot air before forming a photoconductive layer.
- this procedure may not fully remove adhering water and cleaning fluids in the drum upon cleaning.
- the method of manufacturing the electrophotographic photoconductor drum of this invention comprises a coating solution containing a photoconductive substance that is applied onto the outer circumferential surface of a drum and then dried to form a photoconductive layer thereon, the method including, before the process of applying the coating solution to the outer circumferential surface of the drum, the processes of: cleaning the drum in a cleaning fluid, which cleaning fluid is a hydrophilic solvent; and heat-treating at a temperature of from 110°C to 120°C the cleaned drum to remove water from the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- the cleaning fluid has a lower boiling point than that of water.
- the cleaning process may include brush cleaning the outer circumferential surface of the drum using a brush along with the cleaning fluid and degreasing cleaning for removing oily deposits on the outer circumferential surface of the drum after the brush cleaning.
- the degreasing cleaning may be accomplished by ultrasonic cleaning wherein the drum is immersed in a cleaning tank containing the cleaning fluid to which ultrasonic vibrations are applied.
- the degreasing cleaning may be accomplished by shower cleaning wherein the cleaning fluid is sprayed like a shower.
- the degreasing cleaning may be accomplished by steam cleaning wherein steam of solvent is sprayed onto the outer circumferential surface of the drum.
- the heating process is performed using a temperature of from 110 to 120°C.
- the drum is heat-treated to remove adhering water after the drum is cleaned, even if foreign substances having low melting points are deposited on the drum surface, there is no possibility of such substances melting and then hardening to firmly adhere to the outer circumferential surface of the drum. Therefore, the foreign substances can be removed easily from the drum surface. Also, since a hydrophilic solvent is used as the cleaning fluid in the cleaning process preceding the heat treating process, the cleaning fluid can also be removed easily from the outer circumferential surface of the drum. Accordingly, there is no possibility of air bubbles being included in the photoconductive layer formed on the outer circumferential surface of the drum.
- the photoconductor drum can be produced having a uniform photoconductive layer without adhesion of foreign substances, thus assuring production of images of good quality.
- a drum such as an aluminum drum which is processed into Alumite is first subjected to brush cleaning for cleaning the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- the outer circumferential surface of the drum is cleaned by being brushed as the drum is passed through an annular brush immersed in a cleaning fluid which uses a solvent.
- the drum is then subjected to degreasing cleaning.
- the degreasing cleaning is accomplished by means of ultrasonic cleaning wherein the drum is immersed into a cleaning tank containing solvent. Then ultrasonic vibrations are applied, shower cleaning wherein a solvent is sprayed like a shower onto the outer circumferential surface of the drum, or steam cleaning wherein steam of the solvent is sprayed onto the outer circumferential surface of the drum.
- water, fingerprint stains, etc., adhering to the drum surface are removed.
- the drum After the brush cleaning and degreasing cleaning, the drum is subjected to heat treatment to remove the water adhering to the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- the drum In the heat treatment, the drum is heated at a high temperature of about 110 to 120°C for about 15 to 20 minutes to vaporize the water adhering to the drum surface as well as the cleaning fluid remaining thereon as a result of the preceding cleaning process.
- the heat-treated drum is immersed in a coating solution containing a photoconductive substance and then extracted therefrom, thereby coating the outer circumferential surface of the drum with the coating solution.
- the thus applied coating solution is then dried to form a photoconductive layer on the outer circumferential surface of the drum.
- the drum is cleaned before subjecting it to heat treatment, even if foreign substances are deposited on the drum surface, they are not firmly adhering to the drum surface and therefore can be removed easily in the cleaning process.
- a hydrophilic solvent is preferably used as the cleaning fluid in the cleaning process consisting of brush cleaning and degreasing cleaning steps.
- Using the hydrophilic solvent not only facilitates removal of dust, foreign matter, etc., but also helps remove the water adhering to the drum surface during the cleaning process. Therefore, in the subsequent heat treating process, the water adhering to the drum surface can be completely removed by heating at about 110 to 120°C, thereby preventing creation of air bubbles in the photoconductive layer when the coating solution is dried, while at the same time preventing cracks from being caused in the drum during heating.
- the cleaning solvent has a lower boiling point than that of water.
- a lower boiling point of the cleaning solvent serves to accelerate, during heat treatment, the vaporization of the solvent deposited on the drum surface, allowing the heating temperature to be set at a lower temperature and thus further assuring the above-mentioned effects.
- Hydrophilic solvents having lower boiling points than water include, for example, methanol (boiling point: 64.65°C), ethanol (boiling point: 78.3°C), acetone (boiling point: 56.3°C), tetrahydrofuran (boiling point: 66.0°C), etc.
- the drum coated with the coating solution is heated at a temperature of about 110°C for about 30 minutes. Since the water adhering to the outer circumferential surface of the drum is completely removed in the cleaning and heat treating processes, there is no possibility of air bubbles being formed in the photoconductive layer.
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
The present invention relates to a method of
manufacturing a photoconductor drum which is used, for
example, in an electrophotographic copying machine the drum being cleaned by a hydrophilic solvent followed by heat treatment before
applying a coating
solution containing a photoconductive substance
onto the pretreated outer circumferential
surface of the drum and then drying it to form a photoconductive
layer thereon.
Generally, a photoconductor drum used in an
electrophotographic copying machine is manufactured by
treating a conductive aluminum drum which is processed
into Alumite to form an alumite layer thereon and then
applying a coating solution consisting of a photoconductive
substance dissolved in an organic solvent onto
the outer circumferential surface of the drum to form a
photoconductive layer thereon. The drum, such as an
aluminum drum, is cleaned in a prescribed process
before being coated with the coating solution containing
the photoconductive substance.
Usually, the drum is cleaned as it is rotatingly
moved up and down through an annular brush disposed
in a cleaning fluid tank containing a quick
drying chlorine-type cleaning fluid such as fron,
(chlorofluorocarbon) dichloromethane, etc., thereby
cleaning the outer circumferential surface of the drum.
Thereafter, the drum surface is further cleaned for
degreasing with dichloromethane. Since the outer
circumferential surface of the drum is thus cleaned for
removal of oils and other foreign matter deposited
thereon, it is possible not only to form a photoconductive
layer of a prescribed thickness uniformly but also
to prevent the coating solution from being contaminated
when the drum is immersed in the coating solution for
coating the outer circumferential surface thereof. The
brush cleaning and degreasing cleaning are usually
performed of a temperature of about 50°C.
The coating solution containing the photoconductive
substance is applied onto the thus cleaned
outer circumferential surface of the drum, and is dried
so as to manufacture a photoconductor drum having a
photoconductive layer formed on the outer circumferential
surface thereof.
However, when the coating solution is dried
after being applied onto a drum such as an aluminum
drum, minute air bubbles are formed in the photoconductive
layer, hampering uniform formation of the photoconductive
layer. The air bubbles are created when the
water adhering to the drum vaporizes during drying.
When an image is formed using a photoconductor drum
having such air bubbles, pinholes appear in the produced
image, therefore, it is not possible to produce
an image of high quality.
To prevent creation of air bubbles when
drying the coating solution, a method has been proposed
wherein the coating solution is applied after heat-treating
the aluminum drum at a temperature higher than
120°C. Since the water adhering to the drum is vaporized
by heating before the coating solution is applied,
there is no possibility of air bubbles being created
when the coating solution is dried after the coating
process.
Such heat treatment is usually performed
before the cleaning process. This is to prevent the
cleaned outer surface of the drum from being marred
after the cleaning process by performing treatment
other than the application of the coating solution.
Because the drum after being cleaned should be maintained
in an extremely cleaned condition until the
coating solution is applied to the outer circumferential
surface of the drum. However, if foreign matter
having low melting points (for example, 50 to 120°C)
have been deposited on the drum surface, such matter
will melt when the drum is heated before cleaning and
then harden again after the heat is removed. The thus
hardened substances may adhere to the drum surface more
firmly than before the heating. The foreign substances
thus made to firmly adhere to the drum surface cannot
be removed completely in the subsequent drum cleaning
process, thus causing the problem that the photoconductive
layer cannot be uniformly formed on the outer
circumferential surface of the drum in the subsequent
coating process.
Also, heat treatment at a high temperature
(about 140°C) is required to remove the water adhering
to the drum surface, but at such a high temperature,
there is a possibility that cracks may be caused in the
surface of the drum. The formation of cracks is not
only undesirable in the manufacturing of the photoconductor
drum since the cracks hamper uniform application
of the coating solution in the subsequent coating
process, but also causes water to be caught in the
cracks in the subsequent cleaning process, making it
impossible to prevent creation of air bubbles.
Furthermore, in the case of applying the
coating solution continuously after the heating and
cleaning processes, it is required that the coating
solution be applied immediately after the drum is
cleaned in order to enhance work efficiency. This
limits the selection of cleaning fluids to quick drying
chlorine solvents such as dichloromethane, fron, etc.
However, using fron is not desirable since they damage
the environment.
Japanese Laid Open Publication No. 5468244 discloses that a drum substrate is cleaned by puff-cleaning, then degreased using chloroform or trichlere as a cleaning fluid, and dried with hot air before forming a photoconductive layer. However, this procedure may not fully remove adhering water and cleaning fluids in the drum upon cleaning.
The method of manufacturing the electrophotographic photoconductor
drum of this invention, which overcomes the above-discussed
and numerous other disadvantages and deficiencies
of the prior art, comprises a coating solution
containing a photoconductive substance that is applied
onto the outer circumferential surface of a drum and
then dried to form a photoconductive layer thereon, the
method including, before the process of applying the
coating solution to the outer circumferential surface
of the drum, the processes of: cleaning the drum in a
cleaning fluid, which cleaning fluid is a hydrophilic solvent; and heat-treating at a temperature of from 110°C to 120°C the cleaned drum to
remove water from the outer circumferential surface
thereof.
The cleaning fluid has
a lower boiling
point than that of water.
It is preferred for the cleaning process to include
brush cleaning the outer circumferential surface of the
drum using a brush along with the cleaning fluid and
degreasing cleaning for removing oily deposits on the
outer circumferential surface of the drum after the brush
cleaning. The degreasing cleaning may be accomplished by
ultrasonic cleaning wherein the drum is immersed in a
cleaning tank containing the cleaning fluid to which
ultrasonic vibrations are applied. Alternatively, the
degreasing cleaning may be accomplished by shower
cleaning wherein the cleaning fluid is sprayed like a
shower. It is also possible for the degreasing cleaning
to be accomplished by steam cleaning wherein steam of
solvent is sprayed onto the outer circumferential surface
of the drum.
The heating process is
performed using a temperature of from 110 to 120°C.
Thus, according to the method of the present
invention for manufacturing a photoconductor drum,
since the drum is heat-treated to remove adhering water
after the drum is cleaned, even if foreign substances
having low melting points are deposited on the drum
surface, there is no possibility of such substances
melting and then hardening to firmly adhere to the
outer circumferential surface of the drum. Therefore,
the foreign substances can be removed easily from the
drum surface. Also, since a hydrophilic solvent is
used as the cleaning fluid in the cleaning process
preceding the heat treating process, the cleaning fluid
can also be removed easily from the outer circumferential
surface of the drum. Accordingly, there is no
possibility of air bubbles being included in the photoconductive
layer formed on the outer circumferential
surface of the drum. Also, at this time, there is no
need to heat the drum at a high temperature, thus
eliminating the possibility of causing cracks in the
drum. Furthermore, since it is not required to use
fron or other quick drying solvents as the cleaning
fluid, there is no concern about damage to the environment.
As a result, the photoconductor drum can be
produced having a uniform photoconductive layer without
adhesion of foreign substances, thus assuring production
of images of good quality.
According to the method of the present invention
for manufacturing a photoconductor drum, a drum
such as an aluminum drum which is processed into Alumite
is first subjected to brush cleaning for cleaning
the outer circumferential surface thereof. In the
brush cleaning, the outer circumferential surface of
the drum is cleaned by being brushed as the drum is
passed through an annular brush immersed in a cleaning
fluid which uses a solvent.
The drum, the outer circumferential surface
of which is thus cleaned by the brush, is then subjected
to degreasing cleaning. The degreasing cleaning is
accomplished by means of ultrasonic cleaning wherein
the drum is immersed into a cleaning tank containing
solvent. Then ultrasonic vibrations are applied,
shower cleaning wherein a solvent is sprayed like a
shower onto the outer circumferential surface of the
drum, or steam cleaning wherein steam of the solvent is
sprayed onto the outer circumferential surface of the
drum. In the degreasing cleaning, oil, fingerprint
stains, etc., adhering to the drum surface are removed.
After the brush cleaning and degreasing
cleaning, the drum is subjected to heat treatment to
remove the water adhering to the outer circumferential
surface thereof. In the heat treatment, the drum is
heated at a high temperature of about 110 to 120°C for
about 15 to 20 minutes to vaporize the water adhering
to the drum surface as well as the cleaning fluid
remaining thereon as a result of the preceding cleaning
process.
Thereafter, the heat-treated drum is immersed
in a coating solution containing a photoconductive
substance and then extracted therefrom, thereby coating
the outer circumferential surface of the drum with the
coating solution. The thus applied coating solution is
then dried to form a photoconductive layer on the outer
circumferential surface of the drum.
Thus, according to the present invention,
since the drum is cleaned before subjecting it to heat
treatment, even if foreign substances are deposited on
the drum surface, they are not firmly adhering to the
drum surface and therefore can be removed easily in the
cleaning process.
Also, since the water adhering to the drum
surface is removed to some degree in the cleaning
process, it is not necessary to heat the drum at too
high a temperature in the subsequent heat treating
process, thus eliminating the possibility of causing
cracks in the drum.
With the method of the present invention, a
hydrophilic solvent is preferably used as the cleaning fluid in
the cleaning process consisting of brush cleaning and
degreasing cleaning steps. Using the hydrophilic
solvent not only facilitates removal of dust, foreign
matter, etc., but also helps remove the water adhering
to the drum surface during the cleaning process.
Therefore, in the subsequent heat treating process, the
water adhering to the drum surface can be completely
removed by heating at about 110 to 120°C, thereby
preventing creation of air bubbles in the photoconductive
layer when the coating solution is dried, while at
the same time preventing cracks from being caused in
the drum during heating.
Also, the cleaning
solvent has a lower boiling point than that of water.
A lower boiling point of the cleaning solvent serves to
accelerate, during heat treatment, the vaporization of
the solvent deposited on the drum surface, allowing the
heating temperature to be set at a lower temperature
and thus further assuring the above-mentioned effects.
Hydrophilic solvents having lower boiling points than
water include, for example, methanol (boiling point:
64.65°C), ethanol (boiling point: 78.3°C), acetone
(boiling point: 56.3°C), tetrahydrofuran (boiling
point: 66.0°C), etc. In the drying process, the drum
coated with the coating solution is heated at a temperature
of about 110°C for about 30 minutes. Since the
water adhering to the outer circumferential surface of
the drum is completely removed in the cleaning and heat
treating processes, there is no possibility of air
bubbles being formed in the photoconductive layer.
Claims (5)
- A method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoconductor drum, wherein a coating solution containing a photoconductive substance is applied onto the outer circumferential surface of a drum and then dried to form a photoconductive layer thereon, the method including, before the process of applying the coating solution to the outer circumferential surface of the drum, the processes of:cleaning the drum in a cleaning fluid, which cleaning fluid is a hydrophilic solvent having a lower boiling point than that of water; andheat-treating the cleaned drum using a temperature of from 110 to 120°C to remove water from the outer circumferential surface thereof.
- A method according to claim 1, wherein the cleaning process includes brush cleaning the outer circumferential surface of the drum using a brush along with the cleaning fluid and degreasing cleaning for removing oily deposits on the outer circumferential surface of the drum after the brush cleaning.
- A method according to claim 2, wherein the degreasing cleaning is accomplished by ultrasonic cleaning wherein the drum is immersed in a cleaning tank containing the cleaning fluid to which ultrasonic vibrations are applied.
- A method according to claim 2, wherein the degreasing cleaning is accomplished by shower cleaning wherein the cleaning fluid is sprayed like a shower.
- A method according to claim 2, wherein the degreasing cleaning is accomplished by steam cleaning wherein steam of solvent is sprayed onto the outer circumferential surface of the drum.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP1283861A JP2642752B2 (en) | 1989-10-30 | 1989-10-30 | Method of manufacturing photoconductor drum |
| JP283861/89 | 1989-10-30 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0426369A2 EP0426369A2 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
| EP0426369A3 EP0426369A3 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| EP0426369B1 true EP0426369B1 (en) | 1998-01-21 |
Family
ID=17671123
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90311683A Expired - Lifetime EP0426369B1 (en) | 1989-10-30 | 1990-10-25 | A method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoconductor drum |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0426369B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2642752B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR940001078B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69031970T2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH03255452A (en) * | 1989-03-16 | 1991-11-14 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Production of electrophotographic sensitive body |
| JP3088645B2 (en) * | 1995-03-03 | 2000-09-18 | シャープ株式会社 | Electrophotographic photoreceptor and method of manufacturing the same |
| CN1057628C (en) * | 1997-09-04 | 2000-10-18 | 深圳开发科技股份有限公司 | Method for suppersonic cleaning magnetic head |
| SG103868A1 (en) | 1998-04-20 | 2004-05-26 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Defect management method and method of recording data |
| US6674697B1 (en) | 1998-04-20 | 2004-01-06 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for managing defects and recording and/or reproducing real time data |
| KR100354739B1 (en) * | 1998-04-20 | 2003-02-19 | 삼성전자 주식회사 | Recording media storing defect menagement information for recording real time data and defect management method therefor |
| KR100438699B1 (en) * | 2001-08-11 | 2004-07-05 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Coating apparatus using a heat source |
| JP5311017B2 (en) * | 2008-12-18 | 2013-10-09 | 学校法人慶應義塾 | Surface treatment method of a substrate having nanoscale unevenness by metal alkoxide |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5468244A (en) * | 1977-11-11 | 1979-06-01 | Fujitsu Ltd | Preparation of organic photoconductor layer on photoreceptor substrate |
| JPS5837173A (en) * | 1981-08-31 | 1983-03-04 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Manufacture of electrophotographic photosensitive body |
| JPS60254143A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1985-12-14 | Furukawa Alum Co Ltd | Production of electrophotographic sensitive body |
| JPS62231264A (en) * | 1986-03-31 | 1987-10-09 | Kyocera Corp | Electrophotographic sensitive body |
| JP2599402B2 (en) * | 1987-10-29 | 1997-04-09 | 三田工業株式会社 | Manufacturing method of electrophotographic organic photoreceptor |
| JPH01130160A (en) * | 1987-11-17 | 1989-05-23 | Konica Corp | Manufacture of photosensitive body |
| JPH01132788A (en) * | 1987-11-18 | 1989-05-25 | Mita Ind Co Ltd | Process and apparatus for degreasing |
-
1989
- 1989-10-30 JP JP1283861A patent/JP2642752B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-10-25 KR KR1019900017191A patent/KR940001078B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-10-25 DE DE69031970T patent/DE69031970T2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-10-25 EP EP90311683A patent/EP0426369B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Chemical Handbook, 2nd Ed., Basic Volume I, August 1980 * |
| Encyclopaedia Chimica, vol. 6, August 15, 1989 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR940001078B1 (en) | 1994-02-12 |
| KR910008495A (en) | 1991-05-31 |
| JP2642752B2 (en) | 1997-08-20 |
| EP0426369A3 (en) | 1991-08-07 |
| JPH03144459A (en) | 1991-06-19 |
| DE69031970D1 (en) | 1998-02-26 |
| DE69031970T2 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
| EP0426369A2 (en) | 1991-05-08 |
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