EP0423432B1 - Desensitised explosive and process for the manufacture thereof - Google Patents
Desensitised explosive and process for the manufacture thereof Download PDFInfo
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- EP0423432B1 EP0423432B1 EP90113419A EP90113419A EP0423432B1 EP 0423432 B1 EP0423432 B1 EP 0423432B1 EP 90113419 A EP90113419 A EP 90113419A EP 90113419 A EP90113419 A EP 90113419A EP 0423432 B1 EP0423432 B1 EP 0423432B1
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- Prior art keywords
- explosive
- desensitizer
- tlp
- process according
- pbx
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B25/00—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound
- C06B25/34—Compositions containing a nitrated organic compound the compound being a nitrated acyclic, alicyclic or heterocyclic amine
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B23/00—Compositions characterised by non-explosive or non-thermic constituents
- C06B23/005—Desensitisers, phlegmatisers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a desensitized, high-energy explosive, for. B. hexogen (RDX), octogen (HMX) or the like, as a component of NC or plastic-bound propellant powders (Lova-TLP) or plastic-bound explosives (PBX) and methods for its production.
- RDX hexogen
- HMX octogen
- NC plastic-bound propellant powders
- PBX plastic-bound explosives
- Hexogen and octogen are characterized by a high energy or explosiveness for their use, which, however, poses considerable problems for processing.
- the high sensitivity to friction and impact leads to a correspondingly high security risk.
- the greater the grain distribution and the larger the coarse grain fraction the higher this safety risk, since it is then, for example, single-grain detonations can occur in a propellant charge powder.
- Such single-grain detonations are also undesirable in use, particularly when used in Lova-TLP.
- the coarse grain fraction leads, for example, to intermittent burns in the case of TLP combustion interruptions, as a result of which the geometry of the propellant charge body changes in an uncontrolled manner and the combustion behavior and the ballistics are thus negatively influenced.
- any water moisture that may still be present is granulated in the same mixer.
- a wax is proposed as a desensitizer, which is dissolved in perchlorethylene.
- Graphite powder is also added, which also has a desensitizing effect, in particular prevents electrostatic charges.
- a high-energy explosive produced in this way has a broad grain distribution with a high proportion of coarse grain, which shows the above-mentioned disadvantages in processing and use.
- the explosives produced in this known manner in particular, cannot be added to the otherwise very advantageous processing of propellant charge powders and explosive mixtures in extruders, in particular twin-screw extruders, since the security risk is too great.
- the invention is based on the object of proposing explosives of the type mentioned at the outset which can be processed with a considerably reduced safety risk, in particular also in an extruder process, and which also lead to better combustion behavior, especially after combustion has been interrupted. Furthermore, the invention is intended to create a method for producing such explosives.
- the explosive has a grain size of up to 5 microns and that the desensitizer is built into the explosive grain.
- the explosive has a grain size between 3 and 5 microns.
- the desensitizer can be present with a proportion of up to 6%, preferably with a proportion of between 0.3 and 2%.
- the desensitizer is also one of the components of the formulation of the TLP or PBX, for. B. is a plasticizer for the plastic binder contained in this formulation.
- dibutyl phthalate can be used as the desensitizer, but di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA) is preferably used as the desensitizer.
- DBP dibutyl phthalate
- DOA di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
- the invention is based on the known method (DE-OS 37 11 995), in which the explosive particles (RDX or HMX) are desensitized with a desensitizer in the liquid phase.
- the desensitized explosive can then be mixed with the other components to formulate the Lova-TLP or PBX.
- the explosive in the dissolved state and mixed with the desensitizer in the liquid phase in a proportion of up to about 6% and the mixture by spray drying in the solid phase with a grain size up to 5 microns is converted.
- the explosive is preferably dissolved with dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), while as a desensitizer, as already indicated, a component of the formulation of the Lova-TLP or PBX, e.g. B. a plasticizer for the plastic binder of this formulation is added.
- DMF dimethylformamide
- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
- spray drying of the solvents mentioned is advantageously carried out at a product temperature over 100 degrees Celsius, but below the decomposition temperature of the explosives mentioned.
- the temperature of the transport air used in the spray drying may be higher, e.g. B. in the range of 150 degrees Celsius.
- the particle size and particle size distribution can be controlled particularly well in terms of process technology if the mixture is sprayed together with compressed air, compressed gas or a liquid which is inert to the mixture by means of a two- or multi-component nozzle.
- RDX Hexogen
- DMF dimethylformamide
- DBP dibutyl phthalate
- RDX Hexogen
- DMF dimethylformamide
- DOA di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft einen phlegmatisierten, hochenergetischen Sprengstoff, z. B. Hexogen (RDX), Oktogen (HMX) oder dergleichen, als Bestandteil von NC- oder kunststoffgebundenen Treibladungspulvern (Lova-TLP) oder von kunststoffgebundenen Sprengstoffen (PBX) sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.The invention relates to a desensitized, high-energy explosive, for. B. hexogen (RDX), octogen (HMX) or the like, as a component of NC or plastic-bound propellant powders (Lova-TLP) or plastic-bound explosives (PBX) and methods for its production.
Bei Treibladungspulvern, wie auch bei kunststoffgebundenen Sprengstoffen ist es bekannt, als wesentliche Komponente hochenergetische Sprengstoffe, wie Hexogen, Oktogen oder dergleichen, beizumischen. Hexogen und Oktogen zeichnen sich durch eine für ihren Einsatz bestimmende hohe Energie bzw. Brisanz aus, die jedoch für die Verarbeitung erhebliche Probleme mit sich bringt. Die hohe Reib- und Schlagempfindlichkeit führt zu einem entsprechend hohen Sicherheitsrisiko. Dieses Sicherheitsrisiko ist um so höher, je breiter die Kornverteilung und je größer der Grobkornanteil ist, da es dann beispielsweise in einem Treibladungspulver zu Einzelkorn-Detonationen kommen kann. Solche Einzelkorn-Detonationen sind auch in der Anwendung, insbesondere bei Einsatz in Lova-TLP unerwünscht. Der Grobkornanteil führt beispielsweise bei TLP-Abbrandunterbrechungen zu Lochbrand, wodurch sich die Geometrie des Treibladungskörpers unkontrolliert verändert und somit das Abbrandverhalten und die Ballistik negativ beeinflußt werden.In propellant powders, as well as in plastic-bound explosives, it is known to add high-energy explosives, such as hexogen, octogen or the like, as an essential component. Hexogen and octogen are characterized by a high energy or explosiveness for their use, which, however, poses considerable problems for processing. The high sensitivity to friction and impact leads to a correspondingly high security risk. The greater the grain distribution and the larger the coarse grain fraction, the higher this safety risk, since it is then, for example, single-grain detonations can occur in a propellant charge powder. Such single-grain detonations are also undesirable in use, particularly when used in Lova-TLP. The coarse grain fraction leads, for example, to intermittent burns in the case of TLP combustion interruptions, as a result of which the geometry of the propellant charge body changes in an uncontrolled manner and the combustion behavior and the ballistics are thus negatively influenced.
Um das sicherheitstechnische Risiko bei der Verarbeitung und die anwendungstechnischen Nachteile zu reduzieren, ist es bekannt, diese hochenergetischen Sprengstoffe zu phlegmatisieren (DE-OS 37 11 995). Zu diesem Zweck wird der Sprengstoff angefeuchtet und beispielsweise in einem Zwangsmischer unter gleichzeitiger Erwärmung mit Wachs überzogen. Ferner ist es bekannt, den körnigen Sprengstoff in einem Kneter oder Mischer mit einem in flüssiger Phase vorliegenden Phlegmatisator zu überziehen. Zu diesem Zweck wird der eigentliche Phlegmatisator mit einem Lösungsmittel gelöst, gegenüber welchem der Sprengstoff nicht oder nur wenig löslich ist. Der körnige Sprengstoff wird in die Lösung nahe deren Siedetemperatur eingemischt.In order to reduce the safety-related risk during processing and the application-related disadvantages, it is known to desensitize these high-energy explosives (DE-OS 37 11 995). For this purpose, the explosive is moistened and, for example, coated with wax in a compulsory mixer with simultaneous heating. It is also known to coat the granular explosive in a kneader or mixer with a desensitizer present in the liquid phase. For this purpose, the actual desensitizer is dissolved with a solvent with which the explosive is insoluble or only slightly soluble. The granular explosive is mixed into the solution near its boiling point.
Nach dem Abzug des Lösungsmittels und der eventuell noch vorhandenen Wasserfeuchtigkeit wird im gleichen Mischer granuliert. Dies geschieht im Rahmen einer sogenannten Aufbaugranulierung, indem bei einer Kornverteilung zwischen 1 und 100 µm der Kornanteil bis 50 µm gesondert granuliert und agglomeriert sowie mit einer gemeinsamen Phlegmatisatschicht überzogen wird, während gröberes Korn einzeln mit dem Phlegmatisator überzogen werden. Im Falle von Hexogen (RDX) wird als Phlegmatisator ein Wachs vorgeschlagen, das in Perchlorethylen gelöst wird. Ferner wird Graphitpulver zugegeben, das gleichfalls eine phlegmatisierende Wirkung hat, insbesondere elektrostatischen Aufladungen vorbeugt.After the solvent has been removed and any water moisture that may still be present is granulated in the same mixer. This takes place in the context of a so-called build-up granulation, in which, with a particle size distribution between 1 and 100 µm, the particle fraction up to 50 µm is separately granulated and agglomerated and coated with a common layer of phlegmate, while coarser grain is coated individually with the phlegmatizer. In the case of hexogen (RDX), a wax is proposed as a desensitizer, which is dissolved in perchlorethylene. Graphite powder is also added, which also has a desensitizing effect, in particular prevents electrostatic charges.
Ein solchermaßen hergestellter hochenergetischer Sprengstoff weist eine breite Kornverteilung mit einem hohen Anteil von Grobkorn auf, das die vorgenannten Nachteile bei der Verarbeitung und der Anwendung zeigt. Die auf diese bekannte Weise hergestellten Sprengstoffe lassen sich insbesondere nicht bei der ansonsten sehr vorteilhaften Verarbeitung von Treibladungspulvern und Sprengstoffmischungen in Extrudern, insbesondere Doppelschnecken-Extrudern (twin screw extruder) zusetzen, da das Sicherheitsrisiko zu groß ist.A high-energy explosive produced in this way has a broad grain distribution with a high proportion of coarse grain, which shows the above-mentioned disadvantages in processing and use. The explosives produced in this known manner, in particular, cannot be added to the otherwise very advantageous processing of propellant charge powders and explosive mixtures in extruders, in particular twin-screw extruders, since the security risk is too great.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, Sprengstoffe der eingangs genannten Art vorzuschlagen, die sich bei einem erheblich reduzierten Sicherheitsrisiko, insbesondere auch in einem Extruderprozeß verarbeiten lassen und die ferner zu einem besseren Abbrandverhalten, vor allem auch nach Abbrandunterbrechung, führen. Ferner soll mit der Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Sprengstoffe geschaffen werden.The invention is based on the object of proposing explosives of the type mentioned at the outset which can be processed with a considerably reduced safety risk, in particular also in an extruder process, and which also lead to better combustion behavior, especially after combustion has been interrupted. Furthermore, the invention is intended to create a method for producing such explosives.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß der Sprengstoff eine Korngröße bis zu 5 µm aufweist und daß der Phlegmatisator in das Sprengstoffkorn eingebaut ist.This object is achieved in that the explosive has a grain size of up to 5 microns and that the desensitizer is built into the explosive grain.
Praktische Versuche haben gezeigt, daß ein solchermaßen aufgebauter Sprengstoff sich ohne weiteres als eine Komponente in der Formulierung von Sprengstoffmischungen bzw. Lova-TLP im Extruderverfahren einziehen läßt, ohne daß es beim Extrudieren zu Gefährdungen oder Schäden kommt. Auch zeigen PBX bzw. Lova-TLP mit einem im Korngrößenspektrum derart eingeengten hochenergetischen Sprengstoff eine geringere Reib- und Schlagempfindlichkeit sowie ein wesentlich gleichmäßigeres Abbrandverhalten.Practical tests have shown that an explosive constructed in this way can easily be drawn in as a component in the formulation of explosive mixtures or Lova-TLP in the extruder process, without there being any hazards or damage during extrusion. Also, PBX or Lova-TLP with a high-energy explosive so narrow in the grain size spectrum show a lower sensitivity to friction and impact as well as a much more uniform combustion behavior.
Vorzugsweise ist vorgesehen, daß der Sprengstoff eine Korngröße zwischen 3 und 5 µm aufweist. Der Phlegmatisator kann mit einem Anteil bis zu 6 %, vorzugsweise mit einem solchen zwischen 0,3 und 2 % vorliegen.It is preferably provided that the explosive has a grain size between 3 and 5 microns. The desensitizer can be present with a proportion of up to 6%, preferably with a proportion of between 0.3 and 2%.
In weiterhin bevorzugter Ausführung ist vorgesehen, daß der Phlegmatisator zugleich eine der Komponenten der Formulierung des TLP oder PBX, z. B. ein Weichmacher für den in dieser Formulierung enthaltenen Kunststoffbinder, ist.In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the desensitizer is also one of the components of the formulation of the TLP or PBX, for. B. is a plasticizer for the plastic binder contained in this formulation.
Durch diese Maßnahme wird die Formulierung bzw. deren Eigenschaft durch den Phlegmatisator nicht ungünstig beeinflußt, indem der Phlegmatisator-Anteil in den Gesamtanteil dieses Zusatzes an der Formulierung einbezogen werden kann.This measure does not adversely affect the formulation or its properties by the desensitizer, since the desensitizer portion can be included in the total portion of this additive in the formulation.
Als Phlegmatisator kommt beispielsweise Dibutylphthalat (DBP) in Frage, vorzugsweise jedoch wird als Phlegmatisator Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-adipat (DOA) eingesetzt.For example, dibutyl phthalate (DBP) can be used as the desensitizer, but di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA) is preferably used as the desensitizer.
Zur Herstellung des vorgenannten Sprengstoffs geht die Erfindung von dem bekannten Verfahren (DE-OS 37 11 995) aus, in dem die Sprengstoffpartikel (RDX oder HMX) mit einem Phlegmatisator in flüssiger Phase phlegmatisiert werden. Der phlegmatisierte Sprengstoff kann dann mit den übrigen Komponenten zu der Formulierung des Lova-TLP bzw. PBX gemischt werden. Zur Lösung der Erfindungsaufgabe wird vorgeschlagen, daß der Sprengstoff in gelöstem Zustand und mit dem Phlegmatisator in flüssiger Phase mit einem Anteil bis zu ca. 6 % gemischt und die Mischung durch Sprühtrocknen in die feste Phase mit einer Korngröße bis zu 5 µm übergeführt wird.To produce the aforementioned explosives, the invention is based on the known method (DE-OS 37 11 995), in which the explosive particles (RDX or HMX) are desensitized with a desensitizer in the liquid phase. The desensitized explosive can then be mixed with the other components to formulate the Lova-TLP or PBX. To solve the problem of the invention it is proposed that the explosive in the dissolved state and mixed with the desensitizer in the liquid phase in a proportion of up to about 6% and the mixture by spray drying in the solid phase with a grain size up to 5 microns is converted.
Praktische Versuche haben gezeigt, daß die Umsetzung des Sprengstoffs und des Phlegmatisators in die flüssige Phase und durch anschließendes Sprühtrocknen einerseits eine relativ enge Kornverteilung bei kleiner Korngröße, andererseits eine einwandfreie Phlegmatisierung des Einzelkorns erzielt werden kann, wobei die phlegmatisierende Komponente sich nicht nur außen auf dem Korn bildet, sondern auch in die Kornhohlräume eingebaut und damit besonders wirksam ist. Die Einengung der Kornverteilung läßt sich problemlos durch entsprechende Temperaturführung und Mengenregelung sowie unter Verwendung geeigneter Geometrien für die Zerstäubungsdüse erreichen. Durchsatz, Produkt- und Transportgas-Temperatur sowie die Düsengeometrie sind entsprechend aufeinander abzustimmen, was durch einfache Versuche problemlos möglich ist. Außer den erzielbaren positiven Produkteigenschaften hat dieses Verfahren den großen Vorteil, daß es eine kontinuierliche Herstellung des phlegmatisierten Sprengstoffs ermöglicht. In Verbindung mit einem daran anschließenden Extrudieren in einem Doppelschnecken-Extruder, das erst durch die Erfindung gefahrlos möglich ist, kann sich an die kontinuierliche Herstellung auch eine kontinuierliche Verarbeitung anschließen.Practical tests have shown that the conversion of the explosive and the desensitizer into the liquid phase and by subsequent spray drying on the one hand a relatively narrow particle size distribution with a small particle size and on the other hand a perfect desensitization of the individual particles can be achieved, wherein the desensitizing component not only forms on the outside of the grain, but is also built into the grain cavities and is therefore particularly effective. The narrowing of the particle size distribution can easily be achieved by appropriate temperature control and quantity control and by using suitable geometries for the atomizing nozzle. Throughput, product and transport gas temperature as well as the nozzle geometry must be coordinated accordingly, which is easily possible by simple tests. In addition to the achievable positive product properties, this process has the great advantage that it enables the desensitized explosive to be produced continuously. In connection with a subsequent extrusion in a twin-screw extruder, which is only possible without risk through the invention, the continuous production can also be followed by continuous processing.
Vorzugsweise wird der Sprengstoff mit Dimethylformamid (DMF) oder Dimethylsulfoxid (DMSO) gelöst, während als Phlegmatisator, wie bereits angedeutet, eine Komponente der Formulierung des Lova-TLP bzw. PBX, z. B. ein Weichmacher für den Kunststoffbinder dieser Formulierung, zugegeben wird.The explosive is preferably dissolved with dimethylformamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), while as a desensitizer, as already indicated, a component of the formulation of the Lova-TLP or PBX, e.g. B. a plasticizer for the plastic binder of this formulation is added.
Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren entfällt ein zusätzliches Befeuchten des Sprengstoffs mit Wasser und infolgedessen auch das anschließend notwendige Austreiben von Wasser. Die Lösungsmittel für den Sprengstoff und für den Phlegmatisator lassen sich bei der Zerstäubungstrocknung problemlos zurückgewinnen, so daß auch eine Umweltbelastung entfällt.In the method according to the invention, there is no additional moistening of the explosive with water and, as a result, the subsequent expulsion of water. The solvents for the explosives and for the desensitizer can be easily recovered during the spray drying, so that there is also no environmental impact.
Auf die bevorzugten Phlegmatisatoren und deren Anteil sowie das bevorzugte Korngrößenspektrum ist bereits hingewiesen worden. Im übrigen erfolgt das Sprühtrocknen bei den genannten Lösungsmitteln vorteilhafterweise bei einer Produkt-Temperatur über 100 Grad Celsius, jedoch unterhalb der Zersetzungstemperatur der angesprochenen Sprengstoffe. Die Temperatur der bei der Zerstäubungstrocknung eingesetzten Transportluft kann höher liegen, z. B. im Bereich von 150 Grad Celsius.The preferred desensitizers and their proportion, as well as the preferred grain size spectrum, have already been pointed out. In addition, spray drying of the solvents mentioned is advantageously carried out at a product temperature over 100 degrees Celsius, but below the decomposition temperature of the explosives mentioned. The temperature of the transport air used in the spray drying may be higher, e.g. B. in the range of 150 degrees Celsius.
Die Korngröße und Kornverteilung läßt sich verfahrenstechnisch besonders gut steuern, wenn die Mischung mittels einer Zwei- oder Mehrstoffdüse zusammen mit Druckluft, Druckgas oder einer gegenüber der Mischung inerten Flüssigkeit versprüht wird.The particle size and particle size distribution can be controlled particularly well in terms of process technology if the mixture is sprayed together with compressed air, compressed gas or a liquid which is inert to the mixture by means of a two- or multi-component nozzle.
Es wurden folgende Versuche durchgeführt:The following tests were carried out:
Hexogen (RDX) wurde in Dimethylformamid (DMF) gelöst und mit 5 % Dibutylphthalat (DBP) versetzt und die Mischung bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von 110 Grad Celsius versprüht.Hexogen (RDX) was dissolved in dimethylformamide (DMF) and 5% dibutyl phthalate (DBP) was added and the mixture was sprayed at a temperature in the range of 110 degrees Celsius.
Es wurde Hexogen (RDX) wiederum mit Dimethylformamid (DMF) gelöst und mit 5 % Di-(2-ethylhexyl)-adipat (DOA) bei wiederum 110 Grad Celsius versprüht.Hexogen (RDX) was again dissolved with dimethylformamide (DMF) and sprayed with 5% di- (2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DOA) at again 110 degrees Celsius.
Es wurde wieder Hexogen (RDX) in Dimethylformamid (DMF) gelöst, jedoch kein Phlegmatisator zugegeben und die Sprengstofflösung unter gleichen Bedingungen versprüht.Hexogen (RDX) was again dissolved in dimethylformamide (DMF), but no desensitizer was added and the explosive solution was sprayed under the same conditions.
In allen vorgenannten Fällen konnte ein Produkt in einem Korngrößenbereich zwischen 3 und 5 µm erhalten werden.In all of the above cases, a product with a grain size range between 3 and 5 µm could be obtained.
Nachstehend sind die mit den vorgenannten Proben sowie einer herkömmlichen Hexogen-Probe gemessenen Sicherheitskenndaten aufgeführt.The safety characteristics measured with the aforementioned samples and a conventional hexogen sample are listed below.
Die Reib- und Schlagempfindlichkeit wurde nach der BAM-Methode (Bundesanstalt für Materialprüfung) gemessen (R. Meyer "Explosivstoffe" 6. Auflage, Seite 247/248 und Seite 254/255, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, D-6940 Weinheim, ISBN 3-527-26297-0 und R. Meyer "Explosives" 3rd edition VCH Publishers, New York/N.Y. 10010-406 (USA) ISBN 0-89573-600-4).The friction and impact sensitivity was measured according to the BAM method (Federal Institute for Material Testing) (R. Meyer "Explosivstoffe" 6th edition, page 247/248 and page 254/255, VCH Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, D-6940 Weinheim, ISBN 3- 527-26297-0 and R. Meyer "Explosives" 3rd edition VCH Publishers, New York / NY 10010-406 (USA) ISBN 0-89573-600-4).
Die Tabellen lassen erkennen, daß hinsichtlich Reibempfindlichkeit und Schlagempfindlichkeit die ungünstigsten Werte bei lediglich gemahlenem und nicht phlegmatisiertem Hexogen auftreten.The tables show that the most unfavorable values with regard to friction sensitivity and impact sensitivity occur with only ground and not phlegmatized hexogen.
Claims (18)
- Desensitized, high energy explosive, such as hexogen (RDX) or octogen (HMX), as a constituent of NC or plastic-bound propellants (Lova-TLP) or plastic-bound explosive (PBX), in which the explosive has a particle size of up to 5 µm, characterized in that the desensitizer is incorporated into the explosive particles.
- Explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that the explosive has a particle size between 3 and 5 µm.
- Explosive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the desensitizer is present in a proportion of up to 6%.
- Explosive according to one of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the desensitizer is present in a proportion of 0.3 to 2%.
- Explosive according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the desensitizer is at the same time one of the components of the formulation of TLP or PBX.
- Explosive according to claim 5, characterized in that the desensitizer is at the same time a plasticizer for the plastic binder of the TLP or PBX.
- Explosive according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the desensitizer is dibutyl phthalate (DBP).
- Explosive according to one of the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the desensitizer is Di-(2-ethyl hexyl)-adipate (DOA).
- Process for the manufacture of high energy explosives with a particle size of up to 5 µm, such as hexogen (RDX) or octogen (HMX), as a component of NC or plastic-bound propellants (Lova-TLP) or plastic-bound explosives (PBX), in that the explosive particles are desensitized with a desensitizer in the liquid phase and the desensitized explosive is mixed with the remaining components to give Lova-TLP or PBX, characterized in that the explosive is dissolved and mixed with the desensitizer in the liquid phase in a proportion of up to approximately 6% and the mixture is transferred by spray drying into the solid phase with a particle size of up to 5 µm.
- Process according to claim 9, characterized in that the explosive is dissolved with dimethyl formamide (DMF) or dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO).
- Process according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that a component of the formulation of the Lova-TLP or PBX is used as the desensitizer.
- Process according to one of the claims 9 to 11, characterized in that a plasticizer for the plastic binder of the Lova-TLP or PBX is used as the desensitizer.
- Process according to one of the claims 9 to 12, characterized in that dibutyl phthalate (DBP) or di-(2-ethyl hexyl)-adipate (DOA) is used as the desensitizer.
- Process according to one of the claims 9 to 13, characterized in that the liquid desensitizer is added in a proportion between 0.3 and 2%.
- Process according to one of the claims 9 to 14, characterized in that spray drying takes place at a product temperature above 100°C and below the decomposition temperature of the explosive.
- Process according to one of the claims 9 to 15, characterized in that the transport air used during spray drying has a temperature higher than the product temperature.
- Process according to claim 6, characterized in that the transport air has a temperature of approximately 150°C.
- Process according to one of the claims 9 to 17, characterized in that the mixture is sprayed by means of a two or multiple-nozzle together with compressed air, compressed gas or a liquid inert with respect to the mixture.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3934368A DE3934368C1 (en) | 1989-10-14 | 1989-10-14 | |
| DE3934368 | 1989-10-14 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0423432A2 EP0423432A2 (en) | 1991-04-24 |
| EP0423432A3 EP0423432A3 (en) | 1991-12-11 |
| EP0423432B1 true EP0423432B1 (en) | 1993-10-06 |
Family
ID=6391494
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90113419A Expired - Lifetime EP0423432B1 (en) | 1989-10-14 | 1990-07-13 | Desensitised explosive and process for the manufacture thereof |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5026443A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0423432B1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE3934368C1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4111752C1 (en) * | 1991-04-11 | 1992-09-17 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung Ev, 8000 Muenchen, De | |
| GB2258656B (en) * | 1991-08-15 | 1994-01-12 | Albright & Wilson | Processing of powder |
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| SE470480B (en) * | 1992-10-02 | 1994-05-24 | Bofors Explosives Ab | Fuel for Air bags |
| US5487851A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-01-30 | Thiokol Corporation | Composite gun propellant processing technique |
| US5583315A (en) * | 1994-01-19 | 1996-12-10 | Universal Propulsion Company, Inc. | Ammonium nitrate propellants |
| US6364975B1 (en) | 1994-01-19 | 2002-04-02 | Universal Propulsion Co., Inc. | Ammonium nitrate propellants |
| DE19907809C2 (en) * | 1999-02-24 | 2002-10-10 | Nitrochemie Gmbh | Process for the production of one-, two- or three-base propellant charge powders for gun ammunition |
| GB9913262D0 (en) * | 1999-06-09 | 2002-08-21 | Royal Ordnance Plc | Desensitation of energetic materials |
| DE10107948A1 (en) * | 2001-02-20 | 2002-08-22 | Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh | Process for the production of pourable plastic-bound explosive charges or rocket fuels |
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| DE1072169B (en) * | 1959-03-06 | 1959-12-24 | Dynamit-Actien^Gesell'schaft vormals Alfred Nobel11& Co., Troisdorf (Bez. Köln) | Process for the production of 'explosives on the basis of finely crystalline, acid-free Cyclotrimethyilentrinitramin and / or Nitroguanidin |
| GB988122A (en) * | 1962-08-13 | 1965-04-07 | Du Pont | Improvements in or relating to explosives |
| US3266957A (en) * | 1964-09-24 | 1966-08-16 | Richard H Stresau | Booster explosive of ultrafine desensitized cyclotrimethylene-trinitramine and method of preparing same |
| US3311513A (en) * | 1965-03-05 | 1967-03-28 | Du Pont | Nitramine, nitrocellulose explosive with ester plasticizer |
| US3745927A (en) * | 1969-05-19 | 1973-07-17 | Celanese Corp | Casing and propellant of nitrocellulose filaments and nitrocellulose fibers |
| US4050968A (en) * | 1970-04-29 | 1977-09-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Explosive composition containing a hydroxyalkyl acrylate copolymer binder |
| US3923564A (en) * | 1971-06-22 | 1975-12-02 | Us Army | Double base propellant with thorium containing ballistic modifier |
| US4689097A (en) * | 1983-08-22 | 1987-08-25 | Hercules Incorporated | Co-oxidizers in solid crosslinked double base propellants (U) |
| DE3711995A1 (en) * | 1987-04-09 | 1988-10-20 | Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm | Desensitising explosives or propellants - comprises mixing them with desensitiser e.g. graphite dissolved in a liq. solvent, evaporating solvent etc. |
| SE462428B (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1990-06-25 | Nobel Kemi Ab | SET FOR PREPARATION OF NICE CORRECT EXPLOSIVE SUBSTANCES |
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1989
- 1989-10-14 DE DE3934368A patent/DE3934368C1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1990
- 1990-07-13 DE DE90113419T patent/DE59003000D1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-07-13 EP EP90113419A patent/EP0423432B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-08-27 US US07/572,430 patent/US5026443A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0423432A3 (en) | 1991-12-11 |
| US5026443A (en) | 1991-06-25 |
| EP0423432A2 (en) | 1991-04-24 |
| DE59003000D1 (en) | 1993-11-11 |
| DE3934368C1 (en) | 1990-11-15 |
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