EP1211232A2 - Process for producing mouldable, plastic-bound explosives - Google Patents

Process for producing mouldable, plastic-bound explosives Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1211232A2
EP1211232A2 EP01124918A EP01124918A EP1211232A2 EP 1211232 A2 EP1211232 A2 EP 1211232A2 EP 01124918 A EP01124918 A EP 01124918A EP 01124918 A EP01124918 A EP 01124918A EP 1211232 A2 EP1211232 A2 EP 1211232A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
explosive
powder
plastic
explosive charge
metal powder
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP01124918A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1211232A3 (en
EP1211232B1 (en
Inventor
Paul Dr. Wanninger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH
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Rheinmetall W&M GmbH
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Publication of EP1211232A2 publication Critical patent/EP1211232A2/en
Publication of EP1211232A3 publication Critical patent/EP1211232A3/en
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Publication of EP1211232B1 publication Critical patent/EP1211232B1/en
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
    • C06B33/08—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide with a nitrated organic compound
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0058—Shaping the mixture by casting a curable composition, e.g. of the plastisol type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing castable plastic-bound Explosive charges according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Plastic-bound explosive charges have a high active power relatively high insensitivity. They consist of reaction polymers in the front curing crystalline explosives, such as octogen, hexogen, pentaerythritol tetranitrate etc., can be incorporated. The polymer content is about 10 to 20 Wt .-%.
  • a problem with the manufacture of plastic explosive charges is that with increasing solids content, i.e. with increasing proportion of explosive, the viscosity of the mixture can increase so that pouring of this mixture becomes impossible.
  • the theoretical limit for a flowable mixture is 92 Wt .-%.
  • the practical limit for flowable Mixtures is approx. 90% by weight.
  • explosive charges with one high solid content can only be poured if the grain sizes are suitable for the explosive charge explosive crystals used within a predetermined diameter interval lie, so that a relatively costly screening of grain fractions is required.
  • the invention has for its object a method for producing less sensitive pourable plastic-bound explosive charges with a high (e.g. Specify 90%) solid content, which one for casting the explosives have a sufficiently low viscosity without first screening out the grain fraction is required.
  • a high (e.g. Specify 90%) solid content which one for casting the explosives have a sufficiently low viscosity without first screening out the grain fraction is required.
  • the invention is essentially based on the idea of the respective explosive charge 0.1 to 10% by weight of very fine-grained vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten powder or a mixture of two or more of these
  • the powder grains having an essentially spherical shape should have.
  • the shape of the powder grains has a very small specific surface Surprisingly shown that they are like liquid lubricants between the coarser ones Explosive particles act (tribological effect) so that they are relative low viscosities between 400 and 1200 Pas at 50 ° C result.
  • Explosive charges can be easily produced with the method according to the invention, which, despite a 90% solids content, have a viscosity without Use of appropriate metal powder with a solids content of 85% is achieved.
  • the percentage of the metal powder depends on the special surface of the Metal powder and the grain size and experience has shown that it is preferably between 2 and 5 wt .-%, while the grain size is preferably between 0.1 and 5 microns.
  • HMX octogen
  • RDX hexogen
  • PETRIN Pentaerythritol tetranitrate
  • the explosive charges according to the invention are produced using the following typical recipes: 80-88% by weight Crystalline explosives, e.g. RDX or HMX 10-20% by weight Binder, e.g. HTPB 5-10% by weight softener 0.01-02% by weight bonding agent 0.05-05% by weight coating aids 0.1-1.0% by weight antioxidant 0.1-10% by weight metal powder

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung gießfähiger kunststoffgebundener Sprengladungen, wobei ein kristalliner Explosivstoff in eine Polymermatrix aus einem Binder, einem Weichmacher und weiteren Hilfsstoffen eingebettet wird. Um zu erreichen, daß die Sprengladung trotz eines hohen (z.B. 90 %-igen) Feststoffanteils gießfähig bleibt und daher eine ausreichend niedrige Viskosität aufweist, ohne daß vorher ein Aussieben der Kornfraktion der Explosivstoffkristalle erforderlich ist, schlägt die Erfindung vor, der Sprengladung 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% feinstkörniges Vanadin-, Niob-, Tantal-, Chrom-, Molybdän- oder Wolfram-Pulver oder eine Mischung aus zwei oder mehreren derartigen Pulvern zuzusetzen, wobei die Pulverkörner des jeweiligen Metallpulvers eine im wesentlichen sphärische Form aufweisen sollen. Überraschenderweise hat sich gezeigt, daß derartige Metallpulver wie flüssige Schmiermittel zwischen den grobkörnigeren Sprengstoffpartikeln wirken und eine Reduzierung der Viskosität der entsprechenden Sprengladung bewirken.The invention relates to a method for producing pourable, plastic-bound explosive charges, wherein a crystalline explosive is embedded in a polymer matrix composed of a binder, a plasticizer and other auxiliaries. In order to ensure that the explosive charge remains pourable despite a high (e.g. 90%) solids content and therefore has a sufficiently low viscosity without the grain fraction of the explosive crystals having to be screened beforehand, the invention proposes that the explosive charge 0.1 up to 10% by weight of very fine-grained vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten powder or a mixture of two or more such powders, the powder grains of the respective metal powder being intended to have an essentially spherical shape. Surprisingly, it has been found that metal powders of this type act like liquid lubricants between the coarser granular explosive particles and reduce the viscosity of the corresponding explosive charge.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Herstellung gießfähiger kunststoffgebundener Sprengladungen nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a method for producing castable plastic-bound Explosive charges according to the preamble of claim 1.

Kunststoffgebundene Sprengladungen weisen trotz einer hohen Wirkleistung eine relativ hohe Unempfindlichkeit auf. Sie bestehen aus Reaktionspolymeren, in die vor der Aushärtung kristalline Explosivstoffe, wie Octogen, Hexogen, Pentaerythrittetranitrat etc., eingearbeitet werden. Dabei beträgt der Polymeranteil etwa 10 bis 20 Gew.-%.Plastic-bound explosive charges have a high active power relatively high insensitivity. They consist of reaction polymers in the front curing crystalline explosives, such as octogen, hexogen, pentaerythritol tetranitrate etc., can be incorporated. The polymer content is about 10 to 20 Wt .-%.

Ein Problem bei der Herstellung kunststoffgebundener Sprengladungen besteht darin, daß mit steigendem Feststoffanteil, d.h. mit zunehmendem Anteil an Explosivstoff, die Viskosität der Mischung so zunehmen kann, daß ein Gießen dieser Mischung unmöglich wird. Die theoretische Grenze für ein fließfähiges Gemisch liegt bei 92 Gew.-%. Es hat sich allerdings gezeigt, daß die praktische Grenze für fließfähige Gemische bei ca. 90 Gew.-% liegt. Außerdem sind Sprengladungen mit einem derart hohen Feststoffanteil nur dann gießbar, wenn die Korngrößen der für die Sprengladung verwendeten Explosivstoffkristalle innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Durchmesserintervalles liegen, so daß ein relativ kostenintensives Aussieben von Kornfraktionen erforderlich ist. A problem with the manufacture of plastic explosive charges is that with increasing solids content, i.e. with increasing proportion of explosive, the viscosity of the mixture can increase so that pouring of this mixture becomes impossible. The theoretical limit for a flowable mixture is 92 Wt .-%. However, it has been shown that the practical limit for flowable Mixtures is approx. 90% by weight. In addition, explosive charges with one high solid content can only be poured if the grain sizes are suitable for the explosive charge explosive crystals used within a predetermined diameter interval lie, so that a relatively costly screening of grain fractions is required.

Es ist bereits bekannt, kunststoffgebundenen Sprengladungen Aluminiumpulver zuzusetzen (vgl. J. Köhler, R. Meyer "Explosivstoffe", 7. Auflage, Weinheim, Basel, Cambridge, New York, VCH 1991, Seiten 9 und 185). Durch die hohe Bildungswärme von Aluminiumoxid kann man durch diese Beimischung einen erheblichen Zuwachs an Kalorien erreichen. Einen Hinweis auf eine Verbesserung der Viskosität der Sprengladung läßt sich der vorstehend erwähnten Literatur nicht entnehmen.It is already known to add aluminum powder to plastic-bound explosive charges (see J. Köhler, R. Meyer "Explosivstoffe", 7th edition, Weinheim, Basel, Cambridge, New York, VCH 1991, pages 9 and 185). Due to the high warmth of education This admixture of aluminum oxide can be a considerable one Achieve calorie gain. An indication of an improvement in viscosity the explosive charge cannot be found in the literature mentioned above.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren zur Herstellung unempfindlicher gießfähiger kunststoffgebundener Sprengladungen mit einem hohen (z.B. 90 %-igen) Feststoffanteil anzugeben, welche eine zum Gießen des Sprengstoffes ausreichend niedrige Viskosität aufweisen, ohne daß vorher ein Aussieben der Kornfraktion erforderlich ist.The invention has for its object a method for producing less sensitive pourable plastic-bound explosive charges with a high (e.g. Specify 90%) solid content, which one for casting the explosives have a sufficiently low viscosity without first screening out the grain fraction is required.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere, besonders vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung offenbaren die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. Further, particularly advantageous configurations of the invention are disclosed in the subclaims.

Die Erfindung beruht im wesentlichen auf dem Gedanken, der jeweiligen Sprengladung 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% feinstkörniges Vanadin-, Niob-, Tantal-, Chrom-, Molybdän- oder Wolfram-Pulver oder eine Mischung aus zwei oder mehreren derartigen Pulvern zuzusetzen, wobei die Pulverkörner eine im wesentlichen sphärische Form aufweisen sollen. Bei Verwendung dieser Metallpulver, die aufgrund der sphärischen Form der Pulverkörner eine sehr kleine spezifische Oberfläche aufweisen, hat sich überraschenderweise gezeigt, daß sie wie flüssige Schmiermittel zwischen den grobkörnigeren Sprengstoffpartikeln wirken (Tribologischer Effekt), so daß sich relativ niedrige Viskositäten zwischen 400 und 1200 Pas bei 50°C ergeben.The invention is essentially based on the idea of the respective explosive charge 0.1 to 10% by weight of very fine-grained vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten powder or a mixture of two or more of these To add powders, the powder grains having an essentially spherical shape should have. When using this metal powder because of the spherical The shape of the powder grains has a very small specific surface Surprisingly shown that they are like liquid lubricants between the coarser ones Explosive particles act (tribological effect) so that they are relative low viscosities between 400 and 1200 Pas at 50 ° C result.

Mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren lassen sich problemlos Sprengladungen herstellen, die trotz eines 90 %-igen Feststoffanteiles eine Viskosität besitzen, die ohne Verwendung entsprechender Metallpulver bereits bei einem Feststoffanteil von 85 % erreicht wird. Explosive charges can be easily produced with the method according to the invention, which, despite a 90% solids content, have a viscosity without Use of appropriate metal powder with a solids content of 85% is achieved.

Die Verwendung von sphärischem Aluminiumpulver zur Verringerung der Viskosität hat sich in der Praxis hingegen nicht bewährt, weil derartiges Pulver einerseits sehr schwer erhältlich und andererseits sehr leicht entzündbar ist und es daher bei der Verarbeitung leicht zu Staubexplosionen kommen kann.The use of spherical aluminum powder to reduce viscosity has not proven itself in practice, however, because such powder on the one hand very difficult to obtain and on the other hand very flammable and therefore it is in the Processing can easily lead to dust explosions.

Ähnlich den Sprengladungen, denen Aluminiumpulver zugesetzt wird, zeigen auch die erfindungsgemäßen Sprengladungen eine durch die exotherme Reaktion des Metallpulvers mit dem Luftsauerstoff bewirkte erhöhte Druckstoßwirkung (blast effect). Dieser Effekt trägt zur Zerstörung von Strukturen und Bauten durch Überdruck bei. Die entstehenden Metalloxide sublimieren, d.h. sie gehen von der festen Phase direkt in die Gasphase über.Similar to the explosive charges to which aluminum powder is added also show the explosive charges according to the invention by the exothermic reaction of the metal powder increased blast effect caused by atmospheric oxygen. This effect contributes to the destruction of structures and buildings due to overpressure. Sublimate the resulting metal oxides, i.e. they go directly from the solid phase into the gas phase.

Der Prozentsatz des Metallpulvers ist abhängig von der speziellen Oberfläche des Metallpulvers und der Korngröße und liegt erfahrungsgemäß vorzugsweise zwischen 2 und 5 Gew.-%, während die Korngröße vorzugsweise zwischen 0,1 und 5 µm liegt.The percentage of the metal powder depends on the special surface of the Metal powder and the grain size and experience has shown that it is preferably between 2 and 5 wt .-%, while the grain size is preferably between 0.1 and 5 microns.

Als Explosivstoffe haben sich vorzugsweise Octogen (HMX), Hexogen (RDX) und Pentaerythrittetranitrat (PETRIN) als vorteilhaft erwiesen.The preferred explosives are octogen (HMX), hexogen (RDX) and Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETRIN) has been shown to be beneficial.

Die Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Sprengladungen erfolgt mittels der nachfolgenden typischen Rezepturen: 80-88 Gew.-% Kristalliner Sprengstoff, z.B. RDX oder HMX 10-20 Gew.-% Binder, z.B. HTPB 5-10 Gew.-% Weichmacher 0,01-02 Gew.-% Haftvermittler 0,05-05 Gew.-% Gießhilfen 0,1-1,0 Gew.-% Antioxidans 0,1-10 Gew.-% Metallpulver The explosive charges according to the invention are produced using the following typical recipes: 80-88% by weight Crystalline explosives, e.g. RDX or HMX 10-20% by weight Binder, e.g. HTPB 5-10% by weight softener 0.01-02% by weight bonding agent 0.05-05% by weight coating aids 0.1-1.0% by weight antioxidant 0.1-10% by weight metal powder

Claims (3)

Verfahren zur Herstellung gießfähiger kunststoffgebundener Sprengladungen, wobei ein kristalliner Explosivstoff in eine Polymermatrix aus einem Binder, einem Weichmacher und weiteren Hilfsstoffen eingebettet wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als weiterer Hilfsstoff der Sprengladung 0,1 bis 10 Gew.-% eines Metallpulvers eines oder mehrerer der folgenden Metalle: Vanadin, Niob, Tantal, Chrom, Molybdän oder Wolfram zugesetzt wird, wobei Metallpulver verwendet werden, deren Pulverkörner eine im wesentlichen sphärische Form aufweisen.A process for the production of pourable plastic-bound explosive charges, wherein a crystalline explosive is embedded in a polymer matrix consisting of a binder, a plasticizer and other auxiliary substances, characterized in that 0.1 to 10% by weight of a metal powder of one or more of the metallic explosive charge is used as a further auxiliary substance following metals: vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum or tungsten is added, metal powders being used, the powder grains of which have an essentially spherical shape. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sprengladung 2 bis 5 Gew.-% Metallpulver zugesetzt wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that 2 to 5 wt .-% metal powder is added to the explosive charge. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Korngröße des jeweiligen Metallpulvers derart gewählt wird, daß sie zwischen 0,1 bis 5 µm liegt.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grain size of the respective metal powder is selected such that it is between 0.1 to 5 µm.
EP01124918A 2000-11-25 2001-10-19 Process for producing mouldable, plastic-bound explosives Expired - Lifetime EP1211232B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE10058705 2000-11-25
DE10058705A DE10058705C1 (en) 2000-11-25 2000-11-25 Pourable bursting charge consisting of crystalline explosive embedded in a polymer matrix, containing finely divided metal powder, e.g. vanadium, as solid lubricant to provide low viscosity at high solids content

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EP1211232A2 true EP1211232A2 (en) 2002-06-05
EP1211232A3 EP1211232A3 (en) 2002-08-14
EP1211232B1 EP1211232B1 (en) 2005-09-07

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EP01124918A Expired - Lifetime EP1211232B1 (en) 2000-11-25 2001-10-19 Process for producing mouldable, plastic-bound explosives

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US (1) US6589374B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1211232B1 (en)
DE (2) DE10058705C1 (en)
NO (1) NO321217B1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20060011083A1 (en) * 2004-06-30 2006-01-19 Perry William L Microwave heating of energetic materials
GB0815936D0 (en) * 2008-08-29 2009-01-14 Bae Systems Plc Cast Explosive Composition
DE102010044344A1 (en) 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Plastic-bound explosive formulation
DE102014007455A1 (en) * 2014-05-21 2015-11-26 TDW Gesellschaft für verteidigungstechnische Wirksysteme mbH Method for increasing the pressure of a composite charge

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US5472531A (en) * 1992-12-01 1995-12-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Insensitive explosive composition

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US3865035A (en) * 1969-01-16 1975-02-11 Thiokol Chemical Corp Multi-use munition
DE3804396C1 (en) * 1988-02-12 1989-05-18 Messerschmitt-Boelkow-Blohm Gmbh, 8012 Ottobrunn, De Process for producing plastic-bonded explosives
US5472531A (en) * 1992-12-01 1995-12-05 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Insensitive explosive composition
DE4324739C1 (en) * 1993-07-23 1994-09-08 Deutsche Aerospace Cast polymer-bonded explosive charge

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Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1211232A3 (en) 2002-08-14
NO321217B1 (en) 2006-04-03
DE10058705C1 (en) 2002-02-28
NO20015140D0 (en) 2001-10-22
DE50107350D1 (en) 2005-10-13
US6589374B2 (en) 2003-07-08
NO20015140L (en) 2002-05-27
EP1211232B1 (en) 2005-09-07
US20020096233A1 (en) 2002-07-25

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