DE1646283B2 - PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF EXPLOSIVES HIGH STRENGTH WITH SELECTABLE DEFINED DETONATION SPEED - Google Patents

Description

The explosives used according to the invention include, for example:

a) aromatic nitro bodies, e.g. B. trinitrobenzene, trinitrotoluene. Trinitroanisole, trinitrocresol, trinitropheno. (Picric acid), trinitrophenetol, trinitroresorcinol, Triitromethylaniline, trinitrophloroglucine, Hexanitrodiphenylamine, (hexyl) hexanitrodiphenyl, hexanitrodiphenyl sulfide, hexanitrodiphenyl sulfone, Hexanitroazobenzene;

b) nitramines, e.g. B. Cyclo-trimethylene trinitramine (Hexogen), Trinitrophenylmethylnitramin (Tetryi), _Cyclo-tetramethylenetetranitramin (Oktogen), Ethylenedinitramine;

c) nitrosamines, e.g. B. Cyclotrimethylene trinitrosamine; _t5

d) nitric acid esters, e.g. B. pentaerythritol tetranitrate;

e) Ammonium nitrate mixed with a combustible substance.

Air-containing substances are to be understood as those that consist of individual hollow bodies filled with gases, z. B. Microballoons (hollow spheres made of phenol or urea resin). Foam plastic with closed Pores.

Porous fabrics are those fabrics that have fine cavities are penetrated, but their openings towards the surface of the particles are so small that they are viscous Liquids (e.g. glue) do not * significantly penetrate can.

Voluminous fabrics are fabrics with a large surface and a low bulk weight, e.g. B. wood flour and cork flour.

1 Examples 89 3 4th TNT, ground 100 11th 73 90 (Weight percent) Microballoons 0 27 (Weight percent) 0.74 Cork flour 0.2 10 (Weight percent) 1.1 79 0.3 0.7 Density g / cm ³ 0.5 5 0.4 0.3 Sintering pressure kp / cm ² 79 79 80 Sintering temperature ⁰ C 5 5 5 Sintering time hours 3360 Detonation speed 5700 1500 2710 m / s

Examples 5 to 7

These examples also show the production of the shaped explosive bodies by means of the sintering process, but the explosive itself does not serve as a binder, but rather a small amount of additionally used explosive (TNT). To reduce the density, the microballoons used in Examples 1 to 4 were added _: wood or cork flour. The quantities in which the respective components are mixed, the manufacturing conditions and the detonation speeds are shown in the following summary:

A binding agent is understood to mean:

a) Adhesives dissolved in water or an organic solvent which harden through Evaporation of the solvent takes place, e.g. B. glue, dextrin, polychlorobutadiene, polyvinyl acetate and similar connections.

b) Inorganic binders to which water is added and which result from the addition of water harden, e.g. B. plaster of paris, cement, magnesium cement, red lead-glycerine putty and similar mixtures.

The molded explosive bodies obtained by the process according to the invention have such a large size Strength so that they can be subjected to mechanical processing afterwards.

Let by combining explosive moldings with different detonation velocities Systems are formed which, when detonated, form a shock wave front of the desired shape.

The following examples explain the invention without, however, restricting it.

Examples 1 to 4

These examples show the production of the molded explosive bodies by means of that described above Sintering process in which the explosive itself takes on the role of the binder. As an explosive trinitrotoluene is used. Microballoons made of phenolic resin are used to reduce the density with a diameter of 0.005 to 0.15 mm or cork flour. The quantities in which the respective Components are mixed that require the production conditions as well as the detonation velocities can be found in the following summary:

35

40

Ammonite nitrate

(Weight percent)

TNT, ground

(Weight percent)

Microballoons

(Weight percent)

Wood flour (weight percent)
Vegetable meal

(Weight percent)

Density g / m ³

Sintering pressure kp / cm ²

Sintering temperature ⁰ C

Sintering time hours

Detonation velocity

m / s

Examples
β I 85 77 10 14th 5 9 0.8
0.3
80
5 0.85
0.3
80
6th 2350 2290

3670

Examples 8-20

Examples 8 to 10 and 14 to 20 show the production of the explosive moldings using them an agent that sets without heating, such agents include tradename adhesives sAraldit «,» Adhesin «,» Pattex «and» UHU «as well as plaster and cement. In the following summary

these trade names are defined in more detail.

Examples 11 to 13 show the preparation of the

Shaped explosives using the sintering process, whereby an inert compound without explosive character acts as the binding agent.

The amounts of the respective components used in Examples 8 to 20, the production conditions

and the detonation velocities are shown in the following summary. The used Microballoons correspond to those used in Examples L to 4.

10

11th

Examples 12 j 13 j 14 j

15th

16

Nitropenta (percent by weight)
Microballois

(Weight percent)

Central '* I (weight percent)
Araldii weight percent)
Adhesin ¹ - (weight percent)
Pattex ^R (weight checker)
UHU ^R (percent by weight)

Density g / cm ³

Pressing pressure kp / cm ²

Sintering temperature ⁰ C

Sintering time hours

Detonation velocity

m / s

0.87 0.1

4710

72

20th

0.78 0.1 ι

'»280

56 24 20

0.58 0.1

3220

90

5 5

0.62 0.2 86 5

4185

0.51
0.2
86
5

3370 75

15th
10

0.48
0.2
86
5

3215

63.2 3.4

33.4

0.87 0.1

56.6 10

33.4

0.57 0.1

81 10

0.71 0.1

81 10

4730 | J2: .O

Centralit I = diethyldiphenylurea,

Araldit = plastic adhesive made from ethoxylin resins (cold-curing two-component ^: plastic),

Adhesin = polyvinyl acetate,

Pattex = contact adhesive made of polychlorobutadiene with additives of resins and organic solvents,

UHU = all-purpose adhesive (polyvinyl resin + solvent).

4226

4300

18th

Examples

I »I

Weight percent 20

Nitropenta

Microballoons

plaster

cement

Water added to 100 g mini

schung cm ³

Density g / cm ³

Pressing pressure kp / cm ²

Detonation velocity

m / s

60 20 20

60 0.36 0.1

2110 65
15th
20th

60
0.42
0.1

3440

60 20

20th

60 0.46 0.1

3610

Claims (6)

The subject of the invention is accordingly a method for the production of explosive form patent claims: bodies of high strength with selectable defined De tonation speed, which is characterized 1. Process for the production of explosives is that one solidifies explosives with the addition of aerated, molded bodies of high strength with selectable defi- porous or voluminous substances by means of an internal or reduced detonation speed, thereby by adding binders,
characterized in that explosives can be produced according to the invention with the required strength and homogeneity with the addition of aerated, porous or voJu strength and homogeneity without the presence of minute substances by sintering or by adding the risk of separation when solidifying binders. the homogeneous mixture of the ingredients to close to 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting point of the explosive component is heated. at indicates that the explosive component itself cannot be sintered or is too high Sintering is brought. the sintering temperature can be adjusted by adding a 3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it can be sintered and is also explosive in character indicates that one can have one as a binder, choose a suitable sintering temperature. curable plastic used. Another way to make fonv- 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that bodies according to the invention are then present indicates that the binding agent used is an adhesive point of the sintering process, an addition of curable fabric used. 20 plastics or adhesives. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the density of the moldings according to the invention la ^r t indicates that a binder is varied as follows: Addition of water curable inorganic 1. through the added amount of air-containing, por- Binder used. sen or bulky fabrics, 6. The method _S em according to claim 1 to 5, characterized by the working pressure and _{25 2} characterized in that the molding under ' _{the a} additionally du-ch the height Using a variable pressure produces. The _{temperature and the} duration of the warming.
30 The moldings are produced for example wise in such a way that one can use the aerated, porous or voluminous substances that mixes the binder and the finely powdered explosives homogeneously, 'Enclosed it is advisable that the grain size of the explosive The invention relates to a method for the production of a substance with a grain size of the other constituents of homogeneous explosive bodies with high strength, since otherwise there is a risk of segregation in any form in which the detonation occurs. The mixture is then filled into a mold, the speed selectable to values between 150 m / s with a stamp is closed and loaded. The and the maximum detonation speed of the pressure Hegt preferably between 0.1 to 1 kp / cm ² , the explosive concerned can be adjusted. 40 can also be lower or higher. To body It is known to reduce the detonation speed of the same volume and thus the same density to explosives by adding inert substances. target, the movement of the plunger can be used in the same way.
the sensitivity due to larger additions of inert substances. During the sintering process, in which the addition of is reduced so much that the explosives cannot be dispensed with 45 binder when the explosives are more capable of detonation. Another possibility that the binding agent takes on itself is the to reduce the speed of detonation, the filled molds are brought to a temperature which Non-gelatinized explosives, the degradation is close to below the melting temperature of the explosive the density of the explosive body by air entrainment, if this is the role of the binder itself Conclusions. This is done z. B. takes over when pressing the explosive 5 °. The sintering temperature is here of the fabrics with different pressure. This achieves purity of the fusible explosives used Although a reduction in density, at the same time component or the melting point of the eutecti finds but also a decrease in the mechanical cumulative value when using mixtures of substances. Strength instead, so that the density in this way only The sintering temperature can also be above the up to a certain limit can be decreased 55 melting point can be increased if the proportion of. This also represents quite a disadvantage of the melting component (meltable substance. Mixture or explosive) being so small that a goal of the present invention is therefore the sheep mixture does not take place. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is primarily used as the sintering explosive of a molded explosive body with reduced. Density and thus reduced detonation speed can, however, also be used for explosives or dangers that still have the necessary mechanical explosive mixtures that are strong enough to have at their disposal. This is achieved by using the melting temperature so that they are sufficiently stable and that aerated, porous or voluminous materials do not tend to segregate. The pressure during the production of the molded explosive bodies, sintering, is preferably 0.1 to 1 kgf / cm ⁴ , but can also be lower or higher in the context of the invention in a predeterminable manner. After the Abim, shaped explosives are fixed so that they are unbound or cooling during sintering, the desired separation processes are later no longer bodies that were previously under pressure, from which they can occur. Taken shape.