EP0418409A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour éviter les influences climatiques de l'environnement sur les indicateurs automatiques d'incendie - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour éviter les influences climatiques de l'environnement sur les indicateurs automatiques d'incendie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0418409A1
EP0418409A1 EP89117327A EP89117327A EP0418409A1 EP 0418409 A1 EP0418409 A1 EP 0418409A1 EP 89117327 A EP89117327 A EP 89117327A EP 89117327 A EP89117327 A EP 89117327A EP 0418409 A1 EP0418409 A1 EP 0418409A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
detector
temperature
sensor
air pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP89117327A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0418409B1 (fr
Inventor
Helfried Dipl.-Ing. Lappe
Otfried Dipl.-Ing. Post
Peer Dr.-Ing. Thilo
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Siemens AG
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Siemens AG
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Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to ES89117327T priority Critical patent/ES2081296T3/es
Priority to EP89117327A priority patent/EP0418409B1/fr
Priority to AT89117327T priority patent/ATE132642T1/de
Priority to DE58909561T priority patent/DE58909561D1/de
Publication of EP0418409A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418409A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0418409B1 publication Critical patent/EP0418409B1/fr
Priority to GR950403659T priority patent/GR3018599T3/el
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/18—Prevention or correction of operating errors
    • G08B29/20—Calibration, including self-calibrating arrangements
    • G08B29/24—Self-calibration, e.g. compensating for environmental drift or ageing of components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for taking climatic environmental influences on automatic fire detectors of a fire alarm system, in which the analog detector measured values of the fire parameters (e.g. smoke density, heat) are processed and evaluated to form alarm conditions, and to a device for carrying out the method.
  • the analog detector measured values of the fire parameters e.g. smoke density, heat
  • analog detector measured values corresponding to the fire parameter are transmitted to the control center and processed and evaluated there, as is done in the known pulse detection technology with the principle of chain synchronization.
  • a high false alarm rate is particularly due to the fact that the response threshold of the fire detectors is changed by long-term influences such as component aging and sensor contamination. Long-term drifts in detector sensitivity were therefore compensated for by adjusting the detector idle value, so that an almost constant detector sensitivity is guaranteed.
  • Such a rest value tracking is described for example in DE-OS 31 27 324.
  • the sensitivity of today's automatic fire detectors is changed by climate-related influences, such as changes in the ambient temperature, relative air humidity and absolute air pressure, which represent environmental parameters.
  • climate-related influences such as changes in the ambient temperature, relative air humidity and absolute air pressure, which represent environmental parameters.
  • the problem of the climatic influence on the detector sensitivity has so far been only incompletely solved, for example by temperature compensation measures in the electronic part of the detector, i.e. a temperature drift of electronic components is compensated.
  • Influences of environmental parameters, such as air humidity and air pressure have so far not been taken into account; in particular, these environmental parameters were not taken into account when generating alarm signals.
  • a reduced detector sensitivity leads to a delayed response in the case of damage fires or to the failure of the detector, for example in smoldering fires.
  • An increased detector sensitivity leads to an increased response to faults and deceptive variables and thus to an increased false alarm.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a method and a device for fire alarm systems for this, which allows damage fires to be detected early and reliably and still reduce the false alarm rate.
  • the method according to the invention has the advantage that the detector measured values, which are used to form alarm criteria, are cleaned of the disturbing environmental influences.
  • the compensation can either be carried out in the respective fire detector itself, or the compensation can be carried out in the fire alarm control panel.
  • the respective analog measured values of the environmental parameters are regularly transmitted to the control center in addition to the analog detector measured values.
  • the compensation of the environmental parameters in the fire detector also has the advantage that a rest value adjustment carried out in the control center, as mentioned at the outset, only has to take into account the long-term influences such as aging and contamination, but not those that differ for the individual detector types and different locations environmental influences.
  • a particular type of fire detector such as an ionization detector or an optical smoke detector
  • the environmental parameter temperature can be recorded with a temperature sensor, the relative air humidity with a humidity sensor and the absolute air pressure with an air pressure meter, the respective individual signals being converted into a frequency-analog signal by means of an oscillator circuit.
  • the value of the respective environmental parameter and thus the compensation value is then determined from each of these frequency signals using a quartz-controlled time base counter and by means of the conversion or linearization tables.
  • the fire parameter smoke density can be compensated with the ambient parameters temperature, humidity and air pressure in a smoke detector.
  • the fire parameter heat can be compensated with the ambient parameter air pressure and / or the relative air humidity, the fire parameter heat advantageously being derived from the temperature measurement for the ambient temperature.
  • the compensated analog measured value or the analog measured values of the fire parameter and the ambient parameters are advantageously transmitted to the control center according to the pulse reporting method with the principle of chain synchronization in order to be further processed there.
  • the object of the invention is achieved with respect to a device in that a fire detector with its sensor for the fire parameter together with the sensors for detecting the ambient parameters, temperature, air humidity and air pressure forms a multi-sensor that the temperature sensor of a temperature-dependent resistor with a downstream oscillator circuit is formed that the humidity sensor is formed by a variable capacitance with a downstream oscillator circuit, that the air pressure sensor is formed by a silicon pressure measuring bridge with a downstream amplifier and voltage-frequency converter, that a measurement data acquisition device and a measurement value linearization device with associated read-only memories are connected downstream of the environmental parameter sensors is that the multi-sensor detector has a compensation circuit that measures the measurement signals of the fire parameter and the compensation values for temperature, humidity and d air pressure are supplied, and that the compensation circuit is followed by a line connection, which is connected to the signal line via an input / output circuit.
  • the measurement data acquisition device, the measurement linearization device, the read-only memory, the compensation circuit and the line connection can be formed by a microcomputer.
  • a fire alarm system that works according to the pulse alarm principle is shown in principle. It has a control center Z to which the individual detectors M1 to Mn are connected in a chain-like manner via a two-wire (a, b) primary signal line ML.
  • the detectors on the line are e.g. polled once a second by the control panel for its respective detector measured value by the control panel briefly reducing the line voltage to zero and then increasing it to a query voltage.
  • the fire detectors respond in sequence with a current pulse and simultaneously switch the b-wire through to the next detector. Due to the chain synchronization principle used, the detectors of the line can be individually addressed from the control center. After each complete round, i.e. In this example, every second, the control panel compares the number of current pulses received with a target number stored in a read-only memory, which corresponds to the number of detectors connected to the detector line.
  • a line fault can be signaled in the event of inequality.
  • the analog measured values to be transmitted influence the response time of the detector with the help of a timer, i.e. the duration of the current pulse.
  • the analog measured variable is fed to the control center, which records the measured values, as a pulse-modulated signal.
  • the response times for a detector are in the range of a few milliseconds.
  • the respective analog measured variables, which correspond to the pulse duration are measured in the control center, for example using a counter with a quartz-stable time base, and converted into digital measured values for further processing.
  • the digital measured values of all connected detectors on a line are available in the control center. They are then sent to a further processing unit as a serial data telegram.
  • a multiplicity of multisensor detectors MSM are connected to a detection line M, for example MSM1 to MSM8.
  • This multi-sensor detector is modified so that it acts like a normal fire can be queried according to the principle of pulse signaling technology on the respective measured values. For example, with a multi-sensor detector MSM, first the smoke density R, then the temperature T, then the air humidity F and the air pressure L are measured. In principle, this means that in a multi-sensor detector MSM1, a smoke detector RM, a temperature detector TM, a moisture detector FM and an air pressure detector LM are connected in a chain-like manner and emit their respective analog detector measurement values when they are queried.
  • FIG. 3 shows a moisture detector FM, which has a moisture sensor FS with a downstream oscillator circuit OSZ.
  • the frequency-analog signal obtained in this way is measured with a measured value detection device ERF.
  • ERF measured value detection device
  • this frequency signal is switched to the input of a counter.
  • the counter reading is cached.
  • the measured variables are linearized in a measured variable linearization device LIN.
  • the determined meter readings serve as addresses for linearization tables, which were stored individually for each detector for environmental parameters in a read-only memory ROM during the calibration.
  • There is a linearization table for the humidity sensor for the humidity detector which describes the non-linear behavior between the relative humidity and the frequency.
  • the linearization tables also contain information about the tolerance of the frequency-determining components in addition to the characteristic data of the specific sensor. This measure ensures that the moisture detector transmits the measured relative air humidity linearly as a pulse phase-modulated current pulse via the line connection LA and the signaling line ML to the control center Z.
  • MSM1 as it is shown schematically in Fig. 2, first the measured value for the smoke density MWR, then the measured value for the temperature MWT, then the measured value for the relative air humidity MWF and then the measured value for the (absolute) air pressure MWL is transmitted to the control center Z.
  • Fig. 4 shows, using the example of a multi-sensor detector MSM1, that the compensation takes place in the detector itself. It is shown schematically there that a number of multisensor detectors MSM1 to MSMn are connected to the center Z via the two-wire (a, b) signaling primary line ML.
  • the first multi-sensor detector MSMl is shown in more detail as a block diagram.
  • the fire parameter smoke density RD is recorded with the smoke sensor RS.
  • the environmental parameters are recorded with the temperature sensor TS, the humidity sensor FS and the air pressure sensor LS.
  • a respective frequency-analog signal is generated with the aid of oscillator circuits for the respective environmental parameter, which signal is measured with the detection device ERF with a quartz-controlled time base counter.
  • the respective linearized measured values for the ambient temperature T, the relative atmospheric humidity F and the absolute atmospheric pressure L are determined via a downstream linearization table LIN, to which a read-only memory ROM is assigned, and are fed as a respective compensation value to the compensation device KOM, in which the analog measured value for the smoke density MWD is compensated.
  • the compensated measured value for the smoke density KMWR i.e. the measured value, which has been cleaned of the environmental influences, is transmitted to the control center Z when queried via the line interface LA.
  • the undistorted measured values for the smoke density KMWR detected at the reporting location are processed in a known manner for alarm generation.
  • the invention therefore largely eliminates interferences resulting from environmental conditions, so that false alarms which arise due to environmental conditions are largely avoided.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire Alarms (AREA)
  • Fire-Detection Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
EP89117327A 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter les influences climatiques de l'environnement sur les indicateurs automatiques d'incendie Expired - Lifetime EP0418409B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES89117327T ES2081296T3 (es) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Procedimiento y dispositivo para la consideracion de influencias ambientales climaticas sobre alarmas de incendio automaticas.
EP89117327A EP0418409B1 (fr) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter les influences climatiques de l'environnement sur les indicateurs automatiques d'incendie
AT89117327T ATE132642T1 (de) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur berücksichtigung klimatischer umgebungseinflüsse auf automatische brandmelder
DE58909561T DE58909561D1 (de) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Berücksichtigung klimatischer Umgebungseinflüsse auf automatische Brandmelder
GR950403659T GR3018599T3 (en) 1989-09-19 1996-01-04 Method and device to avoid prevailing weather effects on automatic fire alarms

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP89117327A EP0418409B1 (fr) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter les influences climatiques de l'environnement sur les indicateurs automatiques d'incendie

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0418409A1 true EP0418409A1 (fr) 1991-03-27
EP0418409B1 EP0418409B1 (fr) 1996-01-03

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EP89117327A Expired - Lifetime EP0418409B1 (fr) 1989-09-19 1989-09-19 Procédé et dispositif pour éviter les influences climatiques de l'environnement sur les indicateurs automatiques d'incendie

Country Status (5)

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EP (1) EP0418409B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE132642T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE58909561D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2081296T3 (fr)
GR (1) GR3018599T3 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0526898A1 (fr) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-10 Pittway Corporation Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer un seuil de fonctionnement
EP0618555A2 (fr) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-05 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Avertisseur d'incendie équipé d'un détecteur de fumée
FR2723235A1 (fr) * 1994-07-29 1996-02-02 Lewiner Jacques Dispositifs de detection d'incendie comportant un capteur de correction
EP0696787A1 (fr) 1994-08-12 1996-02-14 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Dispositif et méthode de détection d'incendie à compensation de la pression d'air
EP0865013A2 (fr) * 1997-03-13 1998-09-16 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Méthode et système de détection d'incendie
EP1638062A1 (fr) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-22 HEKATRON Technik GmbH Détecteur de fumée à aspiration et méthode de son fonctionnement
EP1732049A1 (fr) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-13 Siemens S.A.S. Détecteur de feux ou de fumée à haute rejection de fausses alarmes
DE102006043867A1 (de) * 2006-09-19 2008-04-03 Novar Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Identifizierung eines Gefahrenmelders
WO2008061742A1 (fr) * 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Funa Gmbh - Nachrichtentechnik Systèmes de protection-incendie pour des installations techniques
WO2011128100A1 (fr) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Winrich Hoseit Détecteur d'incendie pour la surveillance d'un local au moyen d'une combinaison de mesure de la densité de fumée et de la température
DE19952255B4 (de) * 1998-10-30 2015-10-29 Hochiki Corp. Feuerüberwachungssystem und Brandsensor
DE102020212007A1 (de) 2020-09-24 2022-03-24 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Detektieren einer Ablagerung auf einem Sensorsystem und Sensorsystem

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4254414A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Processor-aided fire detector
US4282520A (en) * 1978-10-25 1981-08-04 Shipp John I Piezoelectric horn and a smoke detector containing same
EP0042501A1 (fr) * 1980-06-23 1981-12-30 Cerberus Ag Dispositif pour la transmission des valeurs mesurées dans un système d'avertissement d'incendie
US4857912A (en) * 1988-07-27 1989-08-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Intelligent security assessment system

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4282520A (en) * 1978-10-25 1981-08-04 Shipp John I Piezoelectric horn and a smoke detector containing same
US4254414A (en) * 1979-03-22 1981-03-03 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Processor-aided fire detector
EP0042501A1 (fr) * 1980-06-23 1981-12-30 Cerberus Ag Dispositif pour la transmission des valeurs mesurées dans un système d'avertissement d'incendie
US4857912A (en) * 1988-07-27 1989-08-15 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Intelligent security assessment system

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
COMPUTER DESIGN, Band 18, Nr. 2, Februar 1982, Seiten 130-134; J.A. TITUS et al.: "Interfacing fundamentals: lookup tables" *
TELCOM REPORT, Band 6, Heft 2, April 1983, Seiten 82-87, Passau, DE; J. TUSSING: "Pulsmeldetechnik setzt neue Massstäbe im Brandschutz" *

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0526898A1 (fr) * 1991-08-07 1993-02-10 Pittway Corporation Procédé et dispositif pour déterminer un seuil de fonctionnement
EP0618555A2 (fr) * 1993-03-31 1994-10-05 Nohmi Bosai Ltd. Avertisseur d'incendie équipé d'un détecteur de fumée
EP0618555A3 (fr) * 1993-03-31 1995-09-06 Nohmi Bosai Ltd Avertisseur d'incendie équipé d'un détecteur de fumée.
US5530433A (en) * 1993-03-31 1996-06-25 Nohmi Bosai, Ltd. Smoke detector including ambient temperature compensation
FR2723235A1 (fr) * 1994-07-29 1996-02-02 Lewiner Jacques Dispositifs de detection d'incendie comportant un capteur de correction
WO1996004631A1 (fr) * 1994-07-29 1996-02-15 Jacques Lewiner Dispositif de detection d'incendie avec correction de parametres perturbateurs
EP0696787A1 (fr) 1994-08-12 1996-02-14 Wagner Alarm- und Sicherungssysteme GmbH Dispositif et méthode de détection d'incendie à compensation de la pression d'air
EP0865013A2 (fr) * 1997-03-13 1998-09-16 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Méthode et système de détection d'incendie
EP0865013A3 (fr) * 1997-03-13 2000-05-03 Nippon Telegraph and Telephone Corporation Méthode et système de détection d'incendie
DE19952255B4 (de) * 1998-10-30 2015-10-29 Hochiki Corp. Feuerüberwachungssystem und Brandsensor
EP1638062A1 (fr) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-22 HEKATRON Technik GmbH Détecteur de fumée à aspiration et méthode de son fonctionnement
EP1732049A1 (fr) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-13 Siemens S.A.S. Détecteur de feux ou de fumée à haute rejection de fausses alarmes
US7760102B2 (en) 2005-06-10 2010-07-20 Siemens Ag Fire or smoke detector with high false alarm rejection performance
WO2006131204A1 (fr) * 2005-06-10 2006-12-14 Siemens S.A.S. Detecteur d'incendie ou de fumee a hautes capacites de rejet des fausses alarmes
DE102006043867A1 (de) * 2006-09-19 2008-04-03 Novar Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Identifizierung eines Gefahrenmelders
DE102006043867B4 (de) * 2006-09-19 2009-07-09 Novar Gmbh Verfahren und Anlage zur Identifizierung eines Gefahrenmelders
WO2008061742A1 (fr) * 2006-11-24 2008-05-29 Funa Gmbh - Nachrichtentechnik Systèmes de protection-incendie pour des installations techniques
WO2011128100A1 (fr) * 2010-04-16 2011-10-20 Winrich Hoseit Détecteur d'incendie pour la surveillance d'un local au moyen d'une combinaison de mesure de la densité de fumée et de la température
DE102010015467B4 (de) * 2010-04-16 2012-09-27 Winrich Hoseit Brandmelder zur Überwachung eines Raumes
DE102020212007A1 (de) 2020-09-24 2022-03-24 Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Verfahren zum Detektieren einer Ablagerung auf einem Sensorsystem und Sensorsystem

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0418409B1 (fr) 1996-01-03
DE58909561D1 (de) 1996-02-15
ES2081296T3 (es) 1996-03-01
GR3018599T3 (en) 1996-04-30
ATE132642T1 (de) 1996-01-15

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