EP0418063A1 - Flachgestapelte Permeatoreinheit - Google Patents

Flachgestapelte Permeatoreinheit Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0418063A1
EP0418063A1 EP90309993A EP90309993A EP0418063A1 EP 0418063 A1 EP0418063 A1 EP 0418063A1 EP 90309993 A EP90309993 A EP 90309993A EP 90309993 A EP90309993 A EP 90309993A EP 0418063 A1 EP0418063 A1 EP 0418063A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
module
permeate
retentate
feed
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90309993A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0418063B1 (de
Inventor
John Arthur Thompson
Manuel Enrico Camano
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
Original Assignee
Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Publication of EP0418063A1 publication Critical patent/EP0418063A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0418063B1 publication Critical patent/EP0418063B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D63/00—Apparatus in general for separation processes using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D63/08—Flat membrane modules
    • B01D63/082—Flat membrane modules comprising a stack of flat membranes

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flat stack permeator module made from flat sheets of membrane material, useful for separating compounds under dialysis, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, perstraction, pervaporation, etc. type separation mechanisms and at elevated temperatures and pressures.
  • This membrane element design can also be used for the fabrication of membrane reactor elements, i.e., elements in which the membrane sheets contains reaction inducing or acceleration components such as catalysts.
  • Flat plate and frame membrane elements made-up of alternating sheets of membrane-permeate/­product spacer-membrane-feed/retentate spacer-membrane, etc. are useful when the materials of construction which are used to fabricate the elements are stiff, not bendable or pliable or brittle, thus making fabrication of spiral wound elements extremely difficult if not impossible.
  • traditional flat plate and frame membrane elements are usually characterised by the need to provide independent manifold means for each individ­ual permeate zone and feed/retentate zone in the membrane stack.
  • the traditional flat plate and frame design usually employs long bolts to hold the entire assembly together and provide the compression needed to seal the permeate zones from the retentate zones. If bolts are not used the securing of the zones usually depends on mechanical clamping or other means for producing compression on the edges of the membrane envelopes to produce the seals necessary to result in the creation of permeate zones and feed/retentate zones.
  • a flat stack permeator module comprising a multitude of membrane layers alternately separated by feed-retentate spacer material and permeate spacer material to define a stack wherein the membrane layers are secured along their edges so as to define separate feed-retentate zones and permeate zones, the edge securing being performed so that for any pair of membrane layers the two parallel edges are secured while for the membrane layers immediately above and below the aforesaid pair of membrane layers, the edges which are secured to the edges of the membrane layers of the aforesaid pair are 90° out of register with the previously identified pair of secured edges, thereby defining alternate feed-retentate and permeate zones which are perpendicular in flow to each other, the stack being assembled between sheets of material defining the body of the module to which the membrane layers adjacent to the sheets of material are secured.
  • a preferred construction for the permeator comprises a multitude of membrane layers alternately separated by feed-retentate spacers and permeate/­product spacers.
  • the membrane layers are flat sheets secured by glue or adhesive or otherwise attached such as by heat induced melt welding or chemical welding using a dissolving solvent along their edges so as to define separate feed-retentate zones and a permeate/­product zone.
  • secured is understood to mean the aforementioned techniques.
  • edge securing is performed so that for a given pair of membrane layers two parallel edges are secured, while for the membrane layers immediately above and below the aforesaid pair of membrane layers the edge pairs which are secured to the edges of the membrane layers of the aforesaid pair are 90° out of register with the previously mentioned pair of secured edges.
  • alternate-feed retentate and permeate zones are defined which are perpendicular in flow one to the other.
  • adhesive glue or chemical or heat melt welding secure the module together and insures the fluid integrity of each permeate zone and retentate zone in the membrane stack.
  • the element is held in a press or between clamps only for as long as is needed for the adhesives or glues to set and cure.
  • This stack of membrane sheets and spacer layers may be fabricated between flat, rigid or flexi­ble, solid, permeable or non-permeable structural sheets, the membrane layers immediately adjacent to said solid sheets being secured using an adhesive along their entire face to the solid structural sheet or edge-glued along the proper alternating edge defining a feed-retentate or permeate/product zone, as appropri strictlyate, to form a module.
  • This module can be fitted with multiple manifolds serving the groups of permeate/product zones and retentate zones to provide a feed-retentate entrance-exit pair and separate permeate exit.
  • the module can be inserted into an appropri­ately manifolded pressure vessel.
  • the pressure vessel can be held together by bolts, or other mechanical means, but these bolts are not primarily responsible for the integrity of the membrane module wherein adhesives secure the membrane edges rather than relying on mechanical clamping.
  • the bolts or mechanical clamping elements are used to hold the housing elements together.
  • the flat stack permeator of the present invention can employ sheets of membrane made from any polymeric material or non-polymeric material such as ceramic.
  • membranes which are extremely thin or fragile or stiff can be used because the membrane materials need not be bent in fabricating the module.
  • feed-retentate spacer materials and perme­ate/product spacer materials need not be pliable but can themselves be stiff, because, they too, need not be bent in fabricating the modules.
  • the membrane used in fabricating the flat stack permeators are not necessarily polymeric materials but can even be ceramic, glass, carbon fibre or sintered metal sheets which would allow the permeator to be used under extremely high temperatures, the upper limit being set only by the maximum temperature to which the glues or adhesives used in effecting the seals can be exposed.
  • the module can be employed as a membrane reactor wherein the membrane includes reaction inducing or accelerating agents such as catalyst so that feed enters one face of the membrane, reacts due to contact with or upon passage through the membrane and exits the opposite membrane face as a product/permeate which is subsequently recovered.
  • Feed-retentate spacers and permeate spacers made of wire or corrugated metal sheets or rods can be used as can be heat and solvent resistant plastic weaves, rods or corrugated sheets. Further, because the spacer material will not be bent or folded or wrapped it can be thicker than usually employed in fabricating spiral wound elements.
  • the feed-retentate and permeate spacer sheets can be the same size as the flat membrane sheets extending into the glue/adhesive area, discussed below, used to fabricate the module.
  • the flat, rigid, solid, non-permeable sheets between which the membrane-spacer stack is fabricated can also be selected from a broad range of materials depending on the service in which the permeator will be used.
  • the sheets can be selected from metal (i.e. aluminum, brass, steel etc.) plastic, fiberglass reinforced epoxy sheets, glass composite sheets, impermeable graphite sheets etc.
  • the selection of material will, of course, depend on the liquids and/or gases, as well as the temperatures and pressures to which the unit will be exposed during use.
  • the adhesives used in fabricating the flat stack permeator are selected from those which are resistant to the liquid or gas environment to which they will be exposed as well as resistant to the temperatures and pressures of operation.
  • the adhesives must also be capable of forming bonds/seals between different materials, e.g. between layers of membranes, between membranes and spacer materials, between mem­branes and flat, rigid solid non-permeable sheets making up the module housing.
  • These adhesives will generally be commercially available adhesives. Occa­sionally it will be necessary to prime the surfaces to be glued to achieve adequate seals, in accordance with manufacturer instructions.
  • Adhesives which have been found useful in forming edge seals in spiral wound membrane modules for use in dewaxing solvent environ­ments are epoxies disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,464,494 while adhesives which are useful in forming edge seals in spiral wound membrane modules for use in aromatic extraction solvent environments are silicons disclosed in U.S. Patent 4,582,726, the disclosures of both of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • the flat stack permeator may contain any number of membrane layers alternately separated by feed-retentate spacers and permeate spacers, but at least one pair of feed-retentate/permeate zones is needed.
  • the upper limit on the number of such zones is set merely by handling consideration of the practi­tioner.
  • Length and width dimensions are similarly set by the hydrodynamics of the system.
  • the length of the permeate leaf (zone) is limited by the viscosity of the permeate and the permeation rate which create a given pressure drop.
  • An acceptable level is set by the leaf thickness.
  • the leaf thickness and length for a given feed viscosity and flow rate are limited by the acceptable pressure drop.
  • the flat stack permeation can be square or rectangular. When rectangular in shape the choice of which dimension corresponds to the feed-retentate zone or permeate zone is again within the discretion of the practitioner.
  • the module can be trimmed along its edges to produce flush, square and perpendicular faces.
  • the flat, rigid, solid sheets which are present on opposite faces of the module and define the module can, if desired, have edges along all four sides which bear flanges to which can be attached the mani­folding means servicing the groups of permeate zones and retentate zones in the element stack and defining feed-retentate entrance and exit means and permeate exit means.
  • the flat, rigid sheets are strong enough for the intended service the module is, per se, the entire separation apparatus.
  • the module can be inserted into a pressure vessel corresponding in shape to that of the module.
  • This housing has manifolding means defining a feed-retentate entrance-exit pair and permeate exit means which is perpendicular to the aforesaid feed-­retentate entrance-exit pair.
  • the pressure vessel is held together using bolts or other mechanical means. These bolts or mechanical means are not employed to compress the membrane stack but simply to hold the housing together.
  • the flat stack permeators can use sheets of membrane materials which can be folded.
  • the sheets of membrane are folded around the spacer material to form a leaf and layers of the complimentary spacer material are placed between pairs of membrane leaves.
  • the three membrane edges in adjacent membrane leaves two of which are 90_ out of register with and the other opposite to the membrane edge fold of the leaves are secured with adhesive or glue while the membrane edges in each individual leaf which are parallel to the fold are similarly secured by adhesive or glue to thereby define feed-retentate zones and permeate zones, the flows in which zones will be perpendicular.
  • precau­tions should be taken to insure that the membrane stack package at the side of the module in which the fold is located is not loose. Additional compaction along that edge of the package results in a module which is sufficiently tight to prevent blow outs. This can be accomplished any number of ways. Extra material such as additional strips of membrane material or spacer material can be laid at the fold so that upon clamping and compaction during construction a tight package is produced. The reinforcing strip adds to the thickness dimension of the package, but only at the fold posi­tion.
  • the fold edge is itself reinforced to prevent blow out of the mem­brane (if used under pressure) along the folded edge.
  • the reinforcing is accomplished by use of a strip of material, such as Teflon (Registered Trade Mark), positioned at the inside of the fold and optionally along the outside of the fold.
  • the reinforcing strip is an underlayer on the inside fold edge of the membrane. This narrow strip of material can be positioned along the fold edge and held in place either by friction i.e.
  • the adhesive can be a permanent, solvent resistant adhesive or it can be one which is used just to position the strip during fabrication but which dissolves during use of the module, the strip then being held in place simply by the nature of its location and position.
  • the reinforcing material is typical 0.003 inches thick, but may be thinner if very strong materials are used or thicker if more reinforcing strength is necessary, and is selected from Teflon, Nylon (Registered Trade Mark), polyethylene or other plastics which are stable in the system, preferably Teflon.
  • the reinforcing step can even be just a strip of glue or adhesive, preferably a flexible glue or adhesive on the inside surface of the membrane at the fold line.
  • An adhesive which is useful for reinforcing membrane fold lines in modules used for the separation of aromatics from non-aromatics in heavy cat naphtha feeds is Trabond 2125, a two-part expoxy comprising a Novalac Resin (100 parts by weight) with epoxy hardeners (9 parts) modified with Butyl benzyl phthalate (10-20%) as a flexibilizer and manufactured by Tra-Con Inc of Medford, Massachusetts, U.S.A.
  • the reinforcing strip extends the entire length of the fold but is only wide enough to extend a short distance on either side of the fold line.
  • a sheet of permeate spacer can be wrapped around the folded membrane edge in place of or in addition to the usual sheet of permeate spacer material.
  • the stack is fabricated between flat, solid, rigid or flexible, permeable or non-permeable structural sheets of material secured by adhesive or glue to the faces of the membrane layer immediately adjacent to such flat, solid, rigid or flexible, permeable or non-permeable structural sheets to form a module and this module can be manifolded as such to form a separation apparatus or inserted into an appro­priately manifolded pressured vessel as previously described.
  • trimming is practiced to "true-up" the module to produce flush, perpendicular faces on all four sides, care being taken during trimming to prevent damage to the three outer edge glue lines and also so that the internal membrane fold is not cut and remains intact.
  • the flat stack of membrane leaves must be prepared for insertion into the vessel housing.
  • Metal "L" shaped flanges are affixed to the stack of membrane leaves between the structural sheets.
  • the metal flanges are affixed along the edge corresponding to the membrane fold lines.
  • the structural sheets have integral flanges. In such a case when the membrane stack employs folded membrane sheets the membrane stack is fabricated so that when the membrane stack is placed between the two structure sheets the membrane fold edge is just inside the plane of the flange faces.
  • the flange permits the module to be secured into the vessel housing and isolates the permeate zones from the feed/retentate zones.
  • Metal i.e.
  • aluminum or other compatible metal blocks equal in height to the stack are glued to the stack along the edges perpendicular to the edge at which the membrane is folded, or, if no folded membrane is used, the permeate exit edge, the blocks being short in length and located close to the edge at which the membrane is folded, or, if no folded membrane is used, the permeate exit edge, to insure that no feed or retentate can leak past the edges into the permeate zone.
  • Holes both in the flanges and metal blocks align with the bolt holes in the face of the baffle plate of the housing vessel so that the membrane stack can be secured into the housing vessel.
  • the membrane stack and attached short metal blocks Prior to the hardening of the adhesive (but subsequent to the membrane stack trimming step) the membrane stack and attached short metal blocks are placed between the structural sheets of material used to define the module.
  • the structural sheets extend beyond the edges of the membrane stack along the feed/retentate edges of the stack but the sides of the structural sheets corresponding to the permeate edge of the stack are flush with that edge.
  • the structural sheets are clamped or bolted to compact the membrane stack prior to the glue finally curing and hardening.
  • the integrity of the membrane element is achieved using the adhesive and glue rather than the bolts.
  • a sheet of gasket material such as Klingerite (a top quality compressed asbestos sheet packing comprising asbestos fiber with a binder and manufactured in the U.K.) or a bead of gasket material is placed between the faces of the flanges and the baffle plate of the housing vessel to create a seal.
  • the Figure 1 presents one embodiment of the inventors.
  • the figure shows a three membrane leaf module in cross section along one of the edges.
  • the membrane sheet (1) is folded around the feed-retentate spacer (2).
  • the ends of the folded membrane sheet opposite the fold line are secured (e.g. glued) (2A) along its entire length to thereby define a closed area.
  • the membrane sheet has a reinforcing strip of material (1A) at the inside of the fold, the leaves are separated by the permeate spacers (3).
  • An optional sheet of permeate spacer material (3A) can be over-­ wrapped around the folded membrane.
  • the permeate zone (4) is defined by applying glue (5) along the edges (6) of the membranes in adjacent leaves along the three edges which are (I) 90° out of register with and (II) opposite to the membrane edge fold.
  • the three leaves are sandwiched between flat, rigid, solid sheets of material (7) to form a stack module in which feed-­retentate flow (8) is perpendicular to permeate flow (9).
  • the figure shows the module housing as containing integral permeate manifolding means (10) separated from the stack by a baffle plate and screen (11).
  • stack modules without integral permanent manifolding can be inserted into a pressure vessel as shown in Figure 2.
  • This vessel comprises a receptacle (21) into which the module is placed, then a cover plate Figure (2a) is secured to close the vessel.
  • the stack module does not completely fill the receptacle but leaves an open zone (13) defined by a baffle plate or screen (11) which creates a manifold for collecting permeate from the individual permeate zones to a permeate exit means.
  • the stack module fits snugly between the feed-retentate entrance/exit means (15) and keeps the feed-retentate separate from the permeate and permeate exit means (16).
  • Figures 3 and 4 present another view of housing and shows the placement of the baffle (11) as well as the profile of the baffle ( Figure 4).
  • Figure 5 presents a schematic of a flat stack module.
  • the stack of membrane leaves (1), permeate spacers and retentate spacers, appropriately glued along the proper edges (as previously described) is trimmed along all four edges to produce flush perpen­dicular and squared faces.
  • Two short blocks (14) equal in height to the membrane stack are glued to the stack of membranes along a short length of edges a and c and flush with the permeate edge of the stack (zone B) and have glue applied to the faces corresponding to the interior faces of the sheets of structural material.
  • the stack is placed between two sheets of structural material (7) which have flanges (23) either attached thereto or as an integral part of the sheet.
  • the membrane stack is glued along 3 edges (a - c) on both the upper and lower sides (I and II) to the sheets of structural material (7), which sheets extend beyond the membrane stack (1) along the feed/retentate edges (edges a and c).
  • the sheets of structural material are bolted together using bolts (25) before the glue dries to effect the compaction of the membrane stack and create flush tight seals between the feed/­retentate zone (A) and the permeate zone (B).
  • the module is then inserted into the housing vessel (1) (see figures 2, 3 and 4).
  • the module face defined by the flanges and blocks has a gasket sheet or bead of gasket material applied to it and then is mated to the baffle plate (figure 4) using bolts inserted through bolt holes (26) present in the flanges and corresponding bolt holes in the baffle plate (figure 4).
  • the cover plate (figure 2a) is attached to the top of the vessel housing (figure 2).
  • a flat stack module was prepared using polyurea/urethane membranes on a Teflon (Registered Trade Mark) support.
  • the membrane is cast by using a polymer made from a 70/30 blend of 500/2000 MW polyethylene adipate end-capped with 4,4′ diisocyanate-diphenyl methane and chain extended using 4,4′ diamino diphenylmethane.
  • a suspension of this polymer in DMF is coated onto a sheet of porous Teflon using the technique disclosed and claimed in U.S. Patent 4,861,628.
  • the Polyurea/urethane membrane is itself described in U.S. Patent 4,914,064.
  • Tetco 1400 Sheets of membrane material were separated by alternating layers of feed/retentate spacer material, Tetco 1400 and permeate spacer material, also Tetco 1400.
  • Tetco 1400 is a polyester woven monofilament mesh. It has a thickness of 28.5 mils with 14 strands per inch mesh count. It gives low pressure drop for the feed viscosities and flow rates used.
  • the membrane on Teflon was further supported using a polyester trecot identified as Trecot 9628 (manufactured by Kornwood Fabrics Inc. and being a simplex fabric of polyester fibers treated with Hornwood epoxy-type resin (HC-80).
  • the adhesive used for fabrication was a Novalac Resin with epoxy hardeners modified with butyl benzyl phthalate (10-20%) as a flexibilizer, identified as Trabond 2125. All metal elements were constructed of aluminum. The aluminum had to be prepped before application of the adhesive by the steps of degreasing the aluminum surface with a solvent (in this case Naphtha 1520), roughing the aluminum surface with emery cloth although sand blasting would also work, coating the roughened surface with a, thin layer of a primer, in this case B.F. Goodrich Primer A937BY, a silane compound. Membrane fold reinforcing material was 0.03 inch Teflon sheet. This module was successfully tested for one month at 140°C in a pervaporation mode for the separation of aromatics from non-aromatics on heavy cat naphtha feed.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
EP90309993A 1989-09-15 1990-09-12 Flachgestapelte Permeatoreinheit Expired - Lifetime EP0418063B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US40799289A 1989-09-15 1989-09-15
US407992 1989-09-15
US528311 1990-05-24
US07/528,311 US5104532A (en) 1989-09-15 1990-05-24 Flat stack permeator
SG158894A SG158894G (en) 1989-09-15 1994-10-27 Flat stack permeator module

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0418063A1 true EP0418063A1 (de) 1991-03-20
EP0418063B1 EP0418063B1 (de) 1994-04-13

Family

ID=27356101

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90309993A Expired - Lifetime EP0418063B1 (de) 1989-09-15 1990-09-12 Flachgestapelte Permeatoreinheit

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5104532A (de)
EP (1) EP0418063B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH03174227A (de)
CA (1) CA2024974A1 (de)
DE (1) DE69008086T2 (de)
SG (1) SG158894G (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004082812A1 (en) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid-liquid extraction system and method
US7122709B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2006-10-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for obtaining ethanol
EP2260930A1 (de) * 2008-03-27 2010-12-15 Kubota Corporation Membranelement und membranmodul

Families Citing this family (53)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5298669A (en) * 1993-03-23 1994-03-29 Exxon Chemical Patent Inc. Perstraction sweep stream for a membrane reactor
SE503277C2 (sv) * 1993-07-20 1996-05-13 Alfa Laval Brewery Syst Ab Filter avsett för tvärströmsfiltrering
US6322697B1 (en) 1999-07-19 2001-11-27 Donaldson Company, Inc. Oil filter assembly
DE19938674C2 (de) * 1999-08-06 2001-10-31 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Flachmembranstapel und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US7115150B2 (en) 2000-09-05 2006-10-03 Donaldson Company, Inc. Mist filtration arrangement utilizing fine fiber layer in contact with media having a pleated construction and floor filter method
US6503295B1 (en) * 2000-09-20 2003-01-07 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Gas separations using mixed matrix membranes
DE20016417U1 (de) * 2000-09-21 2002-02-14 Wehrle-Werk AG, 79312 Emmendingen Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Flüssigkeit und Feststoff aus einer Suspension
US6500233B1 (en) 2000-10-26 2002-12-31 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Purification of p-xylene using composite mixed matrix membranes
US6896796B2 (en) * 2001-02-16 2005-05-24 W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Membrane separation for sulfur reduction
US20030131731A1 (en) 2001-12-20 2003-07-17 Koros William J. Crosslinked and crosslinkable hollow fiber mixed matrix membrane and method of making same
US20030126990A1 (en) * 2001-12-20 2003-07-10 Koros William J. Crosslinked and crosslinkable hollow fiber membrane and method of making same
US7268094B2 (en) * 2003-08-18 2007-09-11 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Mixed matrix membrane with super water washed silica containing molecular sieves and methods for making and using the same
US7267761B2 (en) * 2003-09-26 2007-09-11 W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. Method of reducing sulfur in hydrocarbon feedstock using a membrane separation zone
US7279215B2 (en) * 2003-12-03 2007-10-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Membrane modules and integrated membrane cassettes
US7138006B2 (en) * 2003-12-24 2006-11-21 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Mixed matrix membranes with low silica-to-alumina ratio molecular sieves and methods for making and using the membranes
US7166146B2 (en) * 2003-12-24 2007-01-23 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Mixed matrix membranes with small pore molecular sieves and methods for making and using the membranes
WO2006017284A2 (en) * 2004-07-12 2006-02-16 Schroeder Industries, Llc Replaceable filter element with integral annular trap
US7306647B2 (en) * 2004-11-19 2007-12-11 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Mixed matrix membrane with mesoporous particles and methods for making and using the same
US7485173B1 (en) * 2005-12-15 2009-02-03 Uop Llc Cross-linkable and cross-linked mixed matrix membranes and methods of making the same
US7846496B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2010-12-07 Uop Llc Mixed matrix membranes incorporating surface-functionalized molecular sieve nanoparticles and methods for making the same
US20070209505A1 (en) * 2006-03-10 2007-09-13 Chunqing Liu High Flux Mixed Matrix Membranes for Separations
US7897207B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2011-03-01 Uop Llc Nano-molecular sieve-polymer mixed matrix membranes with significantly improved gas separation performance
US8083833B2 (en) * 2006-03-10 2011-12-27 Uop Llc Flexible template-directed microporous partially pyrolyzed polymeric membranes
US7637983B1 (en) 2006-06-30 2009-12-29 Uop Llc Metal organic framework—polymer mixed matrix membranes
US7758751B1 (en) 2006-11-29 2010-07-20 Uop Llc UV-cross-linked membranes from polymers of intrinsic microporosity for liquid separations
US7815712B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2010-10-19 Uop Llc Method of making high performance mixed matrix membranes using suspensions containing polymers and polymer stabilized molecular sieves
US20080142440A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-19 Chunqing Liu Liquid Separations Using High Performance Mixed Matrix Membranes
US7998246B2 (en) * 2006-12-18 2011-08-16 Uop Llc Gas separations using high performance mixed matrix membranes
US20080143014A1 (en) * 2006-12-18 2008-06-19 Man-Wing Tang Asymmetric Gas Separation Membranes with Superior Capabilities for Gas Separation
US8221531B2 (en) 2007-12-31 2012-07-17 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Crosslinked polyimide membrane, method for making the same using organic titanate catalysts to facilitate crosslinking and method of using the membrane for fluid separation
US8066799B2 (en) 2008-01-10 2011-11-29 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method of making a crosslinked fiber membrane from a high molecular weight, monoesterified polyimide polymer
US7981974B2 (en) * 2008-01-10 2011-07-19 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Method of making a high molecular weight, monoesterified polyimide polymer
US7790803B2 (en) * 2008-06-02 2010-09-07 Uop Llc Crosslinked organic-inorganic hybrid membranes and their use in gas separation
JP2012503038A (ja) * 2008-09-15 2012-02-02 ユーオーピー エルエルシー 分解した炭化水素供給材料からプロピレン収量を増加させ且つ生成するナフサフラクション中のベンゼンを減少させる方法
US7875177B2 (en) * 2008-12-09 2011-01-25 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Membrane leaf packet with reinforced fold
US8192524B2 (en) * 2009-01-29 2012-06-05 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Process for upgrading natural gas with improved management of CO2
US20110138999A1 (en) * 2009-12-15 2011-06-16 Uop Llc Metal organic framework polymer mixed matrix membranes
CA2799224C (en) 2010-05-13 2015-11-24 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method of forming polymeric material by porogen degradation and gas separation membrane formed therefrom
US8449651B2 (en) 2010-08-25 2013-05-28 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Methods of preparing a crosslinked fiber membrane
US9162208B2 (en) 2011-10-04 2015-10-20 Chevron U.S.A. Inc. Process and system for producing synthetic crude oil from offshore produced fluids containing high CO2 content
US9522363B2 (en) 2011-10-19 2016-12-20 General Electric Company Material efficiency and fabrication of membrane elements
US9675937B2 (en) 2011-10-19 2017-06-13 General Electric Company Spiral wound membrane permeate carrier with thin border
US8753426B2 (en) 2012-08-03 2014-06-17 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Polymers, polymer membranes and methods of producing the same
CA2893529A1 (en) 2012-12-14 2014-06-19 General Electric Company Flat reverse osmosis module and system
CN104837544B (zh) 2012-12-14 2017-07-07 通用电气公司 膜堆叠过滤模块
IL265376B2 (en) 2016-09-20 2024-08-01 Aqua Membranes Llc Permeate flow patterns
JP6719667B2 (ja) 2016-11-19 2020-07-08 アクア メンブレインズ，インコーポレイテッド 螺旋状に巻いた要素用の干渉パターン
KR102551387B1 (ko) 2017-04-12 2023-07-04 아쿠아 멤브레인스 인코포레이티드 여과 권취 요소를 위한 단계적 스페이서
KR102355893B1 (ko) 2017-04-20 2022-01-26 아쿠아 멤브레인스 인코포레이티드 나선형 권취 요소를 위한 비-중첩, 비-변형 패턴
US11745143B2 (en) 2017-04-20 2023-09-05 Aqua Membranes, Inc. Mixing-promoting spacer patterns for spiral-wound elements
US11745144B2 (en) 2017-10-13 2023-09-05 Aqua Membranes Inc. Bridge support and reduced feed spacers for spiral-wound elements
CN113631243B (zh) 2019-01-27 2024-03-29 阿夸曼布拉尼斯公司 复合膜
JP2023521977A (ja) 2020-04-07 2023-05-26 アクア メンブレインズ，インコーポレイテッド 独立したスペーサ及び方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767502A (en) * 1970-12-30 1973-10-23 Daicel Ltd Process for producing a supported semipermeable membrane which does not require end sealing
FR2332043A1 (fr) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Montedison Spa Module a membrane pour des procedes d'osmose inverse ou d'ultrafiltration
DE3141388A1 (de) * 1981-10-17 1983-06-09 Sartorius GmbH, 3400 Göttingen Filtereinheit
GB2192812A (en) * 1986-07-25 1988-01-27 Domnick Hunter Filters Ltd Filtration device

Family Cites Families (32)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3367504A (en) * 1964-12-21 1968-02-06 Gulf General Atomic Inc Spirally wrapped reverse osmosis membrane cell
US3417870A (en) * 1965-03-22 1968-12-24 Gulf General Atomic Inc Reverse osmosis purification apparatus
US3398091A (en) * 1966-08-09 1968-08-20 Ionics Membrane separation apparatus and process
US3522885A (en) * 1968-04-18 1970-08-04 Atomic Energy Commission Parallel flow hemodialyzer
UST867005I4 (en) * 1968-09-30 1969-10-21 Artificial dialyzing body organ
US3520803A (en) * 1968-12-24 1970-07-21 Ionics Membrane fluid separation apparatus and process
AT300734B (de) * 1969-03-06 1972-08-10 Biotest Serum Institut Gmbh Vorrichtung zum sterilen Stoff-Austausch in Lösungen
US3565258A (en) * 1969-06-06 1971-02-23 Atomic Energy Commission Parallel flow hemodialyzer
US3701431A (en) * 1971-05-19 1972-10-31 Eastman Kodak Co Reverse osmosis apparatus and method for making same
US3834544A (en) * 1971-07-06 1974-09-10 Cutter Lab Membrane diffusion apparatus
US3768660A (en) * 1972-02-14 1973-10-30 Raypak Inc Reverse osmosis cell with turbulator means
US3786925A (en) * 1972-02-14 1974-01-22 Raypak Inc Means for sealing membrane carrying tubes
BE790299A (fr) * 1972-03-10 1973-02-15 Atomic Energy Commission Dialyseur a membrane repliee, et procede pour le former
US3909418A (en) * 1973-01-15 1975-09-30 Universal Oil Prod Co Method for forming a laminate member and apparatus utilizing the same
FR2231411B1 (de) * 1973-05-29 1978-06-30 Rhone Poulenc Sa
US3864265A (en) * 1973-06-25 1975-02-04 Galen Lab Inc Edge sealed folded membrane
FR2287934A1 (fr) * 1974-10-15 1976-05-14 Rhone Poulenc Ind Appareil a membranes tubulaires sur supports pour le traitement des fluides
NL7415083A (en) * 1974-11-19 1976-05-21 Wafilin Bv Membrane filter - with a stack of parallel flat units each having membranes on each face of a support
US4019988A (en) * 1975-08-28 1977-04-26 Extracorporeal Medical Specialities Inc. Dialyzer membrane seal and tubing connector
US4009107A (en) * 1975-10-08 1977-02-22 Baxter Laboratories, Inc. Multi-level support member for use with semipermeable membrane
US4009108A (en) * 1975-10-08 1977-02-22 Baxter Laboratories, Inc. Dialyzer construction
GB1568731A (en) * 1976-09-30 1980-06-04 Japan Found Artificial Organs Blood-gas exchanger units
US4163721A (en) * 1977-04-04 1979-08-07 Cobe Laboratories, Inc. Edge sealed pleated membrane
DE2833966A1 (de) * 1977-08-08 1979-02-22 Us Energy Haemodialysator
US4199458A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-04-22 Baxter Travenol Laboratories, Inc. Membrane diffusion device with external compression
DE3028398C2 (de) * 1980-07-26 1982-11-11 Sartorius GmbH, 3400 Göttingen Vorrichtung für die Ultrafiltration, insbesondere zur Behandlung von Blut
DE3130742A1 (de) * 1981-08-04 1983-02-24 Uhde Gmbh, 4600 Dortmund Monopolare elektrolytische filterpressenzelle
DD201387A1 (de) * 1981-12-24 1983-07-20 Siegfried Dreyer Flachmembran-trenngeraet
DE3304956A1 (de) * 1983-02-12 1984-08-16 Gkss - Forschungszentrum Geesthacht Gmbh, 2054 Geesthacht Einrichtung zur trennung von loesungen durch pervaporation
US4761229A (en) * 1987-06-22 1988-08-02 Thompson John A Multi-leaf membrane module
US4822382A (en) * 1987-11-02 1989-04-18 Union Carbide Corporation Composite membranes, their manufacture and their use
JPH0935194A (ja) * 1995-07-13 1997-02-07 Isao Fukuda 駐車場の空き駐車スペース報知システム

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3767502A (en) * 1970-12-30 1973-10-23 Daicel Ltd Process for producing a supported semipermeable membrane which does not require end sealing
FR2332043A1 (fr) * 1975-11-24 1977-06-17 Montedison Spa Module a membrane pour des procedes d'osmose inverse ou d'ultrafiltration
DE3141388A1 (de) * 1981-10-17 1983-06-09 Sartorius GmbH, 3400 Göttingen Filtereinheit
GB2192812A (en) * 1986-07-25 1988-01-27 Domnick Hunter Filters Ltd Filtration device

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2004082812A1 (en) * 2003-03-13 2004-09-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid-liquid extraction system and method
US7105089B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2006-09-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid—liquid extraction system and method
US7122709B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2006-10-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Method for obtaining ethanol
US7517455B2 (en) 2003-03-13 2009-04-14 3M Innovative Properties Company Liquid-liquid extraction system and method
EP2404663A1 (de) * 2003-03-13 2012-01-11 3M Innovative Properties Co. Flüssigkeit-Flüssigkeit-Extraktionssystem und Verfahren
EP2260930A1 (de) * 2008-03-27 2010-12-15 Kubota Corporation Membranelement und membranmodul
EP2260930A4 (de) * 2008-03-27 2013-12-18 Kubota Kk Membranelement und membranmodul

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69008086D1 (de) 1994-05-19
DE69008086T2 (de) 1994-07-28
SG158894G (en) 1995-03-17
EP0418063B1 (de) 1994-04-13
JPH03174227A (ja) 1991-07-29
CA2024974A1 (en) 1991-03-16
US5104532A (en) 1992-04-14

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0418063B1 (de) Flachgestapelte Permeatoreinheit
US5174900A (en) Apparatus for separation and for treatment of fluid feedstreams, wafers for use therein and related methods
EP0238737B1 (de) Membranstapeleinheit für eine Flüssigkeitstrennungsscheibe
US5182019A (en) Cartridge of hybrid frameless arrays of hollow fiber membranes and module containing an assembly of cartridges
US5460720A (en) Pleated membrane crossflow fluid separation device
US7264725B2 (en) Hollow fiber membrane contactor and method of making same
EP0581544B1 (de) Membranelement für ein Trennverfahren
US5114582A (en) Filter element and spiral-wound membrane cartridge containing same
US5084178A (en) Corrugated filter arrangement with support layer and flow channels
US7998348B2 (en) Spiral membrane element and process for producing the same
US5366625A (en) Cartridge of hybrid unitary wafers of hollow fiber membranes and module containing a stack of post-potted cartridges
EP2269715A1 (de) Verteileradapterplatte für eine Filtervorrichtung
JP4936435B2 (ja) スパイラル型膜エレメント及びその製造方法
CA2134238A1 (en) Cassette membrane system and method of use for low pressure separations
CA1320141C (en) Multi-leaf membrane module
EP3894055B1 (de) Spiralförmig gewickelte filtrationsvorrichtung und herstellungsverfahren
IE49886B1 (en) A modular block for osmotic methods of separation
KR20200066345A (ko) 나선형 권취 요소를 위한 가교 지지체 및 축소된 공급물 스페이서
US5164081A (en) Apparatus for separation and for treatment of fluid feedstreams, wafers for use therein and related methods
US5000855A (en) Transverse sheet membrane separation module, components thereof and related methods
KR102496293B1 (ko) 일체형 압력 모니터링을 포함하는 와권형 모듈 조립체
US3948777A (en) Solution separating and recovering equipment
CA1321552C (en) Filter arrangement
EP0585614A2 (de) Hohlfasern-Permeationsvorrichtung mit Vorform für Rohrplatte
JPS5962326A (ja) ガス分離モジユ−ル

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19910912

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19930616

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): BE DE FR GB IT NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69008086

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19940519

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
ET Fr: translation filed
PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19950615

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19950619

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19950623

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19950628

Year of fee payment: 6

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19950712

Year of fee payment: 6

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19960912

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Effective date: 19960930

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19960930

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING CY

Effective date: 19960930

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19970401

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 19960912

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19970401

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Effective date: 19970603

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050912