EP0415847A1 - Röntgenröhre-Drehantikathode - Google Patents

Röntgenröhre-Drehantikathode Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0415847A1
EP0415847A1 EP90402388A EP90402388A EP0415847A1 EP 0415847 A1 EP0415847 A1 EP 0415847A1 EP 90402388 A EP90402388 A EP 90402388A EP 90402388 A EP90402388 A EP 90402388A EP 0415847 A1 EP0415847 A1 EP 0415847A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
fibers
anticathode
matrix
sic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90402388A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0415847B1 (de
Inventor
Dominique Gaillard
Didier Boya
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comurhex pour La Conversion de lUranium en Metal et Hexafluorure SA
Original Assignee
Comurhex pour La Conversion de lUranium en Metal et Hexafluorure SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comurhex pour La Conversion de lUranium en Metal et Hexafluorure SA filed Critical Comurhex pour La Conversion de lUranium en Metal et Hexafluorure SA
Publication of EP0415847A1 publication Critical patent/EP0415847A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0415847B1 publication Critical patent/EP0415847B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
    • H01J35/02—Details
    • H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
    • H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
    • H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
    • H01J35/108—Substrates for and bonding of emissive target, e.g. composite structures

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an X-ray tube anticathode designed so that it can rotate at very high speed.
  • the X-ray tube anticathodes are rotating discs made up of a support at least partially coated with an active layer of refractory metal. They are used in medical devices such as scanners.
  • the current trend of manufacturers of medical devices is to be able to increase the power received by the anticathode and / or to reduce the size of the impact spot of electronic bombardment so as to improve the definition of the image obtained.
  • This desire to increase the power or to decrease the size of the spot is limited by the slowness of the anticathode to dissipate the stored heat and, consequently, by the rise in the temperature of the foca track until the melting temperature of the material constituting the active layer of the anti-cathode on which this track is formed.
  • the support of the anticathode is made of a carbonaceous material consisting of a polycrystalline graphite whose coefficient of expansion is compatible with that of the refractory metal such as tungsten, a tungsten-rhenium alloy or a molybdenum-based alloy. which is fixed (for example by brazing) or deposited (for example in the vapor phase or electrolytically) on this support.
  • the refractory metal such as tungsten, a tungsten-rhenium alloy or a molybdenum-based alloy.
  • the coefficient of expansion of a carbon-carbon composite is 0.5.10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 at 25 ° C and 2.106 ° K ⁇ 1 at 1000 ° C
  • the coefficient of expansion of a metallic layer of tungsten-rhenium alloy is 4.10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 at 25 ° C and 4.5.10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 at 1000 ° C).
  • An anticathode is thus produced having a mechanical resistance which allows it to rotate at very high speed, but the manufacture of the anti cathode is complicated by the incompatibility of the expansion coefficients of the carbon-carbon composite support on the one hand and of the graphite-metallic layer assembly on the other hand.
  • the presence of a graphite substrate between the metallic layer and the composite support requires interposing between the graphite substrate and the metallic layer a very thin rhenium sublayer serving as an anti-carburizing barrier, as in conventional anodes. with graphite support. The temperature of use of the anticathode is thereby limited and its cost increased.
  • the present invention specifically relates to an X-ray tube anticathode designed so that it can rotate at very high speed without the risk of bursting, while having a simpler and less expensive structure than existing anticathodes and being able to be used for higher power densities or higher powers.
  • a rotating X-ray tube anticathode comprising a support at least partially coated with a layer of refractory metal, characterized in that the layer of refractory metal is in direct contact with the support, which is produced in a composite material formed of ceramic fibers embedded in a ceramic matrix (ceramic / ceramic composite), this material having a coefficient of dilation adapted to that of the refractory metal.
  • the speed of rotation of the anticathode can reach and even exceed 20,000 rpm without it being necessary to interpose between the support and the refractory metal an intermediate layer of graphite nor, consequently, an anti-carburizing sub-layer.
  • the anticathode can thus operate at much higher interface / active layer interface temperatures and therefore increase the performance of the X-ray tube.
  • the removal of the intermediate graphite layer and the rhenium sublayer leads at an appreciable price gain.
  • the support is made of a composite material chosen from a group comprising SiC fibers / SiC matrix; SiC fibers / Si3 N4 matrix; C fibers / SiC matrix; C fibers / B4C matrix; C fibers / Si3N4 matrix; SiC fibers / B4C matrix; and Ti B2 fibers / Ti B2 matrix.
  • a material formed of SiC fibers embedded in an SiC matrix will preferably be chosen.
  • the refractory metal is, in known manner, either tungsten or a tungsten-rhenium alloy.
  • the ceramic / ceramic composite used in accordance with the invention to produce the Support for a rotating X-ray tube anticathode comprises a fiber reinforcement which can be formed either by a stack of two-dimensional fabrics, or by a three-dimensional fabric. From this reinforcement, the composite is obtained by impregnating the fibrous tissue in the liquid or gas phase with the material constituting the ceramic matrix of the composite.
  • the density of the fibers in the composite material obtained is advantageously greater than 40% and the total porosity rate of this material is less than 20%.
  • the coefficient of expansion of this composite is approximately 3 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 to 25 ° C and 4 x 10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 at 1000 ° C.
  • This coefficient of expansion should be compared to that of the tungsten-rhenium alloy, of which it is recalled that it is approximately 4 x 10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 at 25 ° C and 4.5 x 10 ⁇ 6 ° K ⁇ 1 at 1000 ° C.
  • the metal active layer is placed in accordance with the invention directly in contact with the support of the anticathode.
  • the connection between the metallic active layer and the support can be achieved in different ways.
  • the metal layer can be made integral with the support of ceramic / ceramic material only by brazing, deposited on this support by electrolysis by molten salt, by vapor deposition (CVD), by cathode sputtering (PVD), by magnetron sputtering. , by plasma spraying, etc.
  • the metal layer can also be secured to the support by recess or embedding, so that the two materials are nested and made mechanically integral.
  • the support of the anticathode can also be made in other ceramic / ceramic composite materials which are chosen mainly so that their coefficient of expansion is as close as possible to the coefficient of expansion refractory metal with which this support is coated.
  • examples of other composite materials that can thus be used to carry out the support of the anticathode are given in table II below: TABLE II Fibers Matrix SiC Si3N4 VS SiC VS B4C VS Si3N4 SiC B4C TiB2 TiB2

Landscapes

  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
  • X-Ray Techniques (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Vessels, Lead-In Wires, Accessory Apparatuses For Cathode-Ray Tubes (AREA)
EP90402388A 1989-08-31 1990-08-29 Röntgenröhre-Drehantikathode Expired - Lifetime EP0415847B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8911441 1989-08-31
FR8911441A FR2651370B1 (fr) 1989-08-31 1989-08-31 Anticathode tournante de tube a rayons x.

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0415847A1 true EP0415847A1 (de) 1991-03-06
EP0415847B1 EP0415847B1 (de) 1994-12-07

Family

ID=9385037

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90402388A Expired - Lifetime EP0415847B1 (de) 1989-08-31 1990-08-29 Röntgenröhre-Drehantikathode

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5031201A (de)
EP (1) EP0415847B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE115333T1 (de)
DE (1) DE69014779D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2651370B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL9000061A (nl) * 1990-01-10 1991-08-01 Philips Nv Roentgendraaianode.
DE19626094C2 (de) * 1996-05-02 2000-10-19 Siemens Ag Anodenkörper für eine Röntgenröhre
JP3143086B2 (ja) * 1997-10-14 2001-03-07 核燃料サイクル開発機構 ＳｉＣ複合材料スリーブおよびその製造方法
DE10021716B4 (de) * 2000-05-04 2005-01-05 Siemens Ag Drehkolbenröhre
US20070207338A1 (en) * 2006-03-01 2007-09-06 Plasma Processes, Inc. X-ray target and method for manufacturing same
DE102011083064B4 (de) 2011-09-20 2013-06-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Drehanode und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Grundkörpers für eine Drehanode
WO2015142762A1 (en) 2014-03-17 2015-09-24 Brown Roy A Surgical targeting systems and methods

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3314881A1 (de) * 1983-04-25 1984-10-25 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Anode fuer roentgenroehren
EP0323366A1 (de) * 1987-12-30 1989-07-05 General Electric Cgr S.A. Herstellungsverfahren einer Röntgenröhren-Drehanode

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6012653A (ja) * 1983-07-01 1985-01-23 Hitachi Ltd Ｘ線管用タ−ゲツト
JPH0719533B2 (ja) * 1984-06-22 1995-03-06 株式会社日立製作所 Ｘ線管用回転ターゲットの製造方法
JPS643947A (en) * 1987-06-25 1989-01-09 Hitachi Ltd Rotary anode target for x-ray tube
JPS6454648A (en) * 1987-08-26 1989-03-02 Hitachi Ltd Rotating anode target for x-ray tube

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3314881A1 (de) * 1983-04-25 1984-10-25 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Anode fuer roentgenroehren
EP0323366A1 (de) * 1987-12-30 1989-07-05 General Electric Cgr S.A. Herstellungsverfahren einer Röntgenröhren-Drehanode

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN, vol. 13, no. 173 (E-748)[3521], 24 avril 1989; & JP-A-1 003 947 (HITACHI) 09-01-1989 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5031201A (en) 1991-07-09
FR2651370B1 (fr) 1991-12-06
ATE115333T1 (de) 1994-12-15
FR2651370A1 (fr) 1991-03-01
DE69014779D1 (de) 1995-01-19
EP0415847B1 (de) 1994-12-07

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