EP0415008A1 - Method of combustion in gasburner - Google Patents

Method of combustion in gasburner Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0415008A1
EP0415008A1 EP90110796A EP90110796A EP0415008A1 EP 0415008 A1 EP0415008 A1 EP 0415008A1 EP 90110796 A EP90110796 A EP 90110796A EP 90110796 A EP90110796 A EP 90110796A EP 0415008 A1 EP0415008 A1 EP 0415008A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
afterburning
flame
gas burner
burner according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90110796A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0415008B1 (en
Inventor
Detlef Bohmann
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Klockner Warmetechnik Zweigniederlassung Hechingen GmbH
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Klockner Warmetechnik Zweigniederlassung Hechingen GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/82—Preventing flashback or blowback
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/16—Radiant burners using permeable blocks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/105—Porous plates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2212/00—Burner material specifications
    • F23D2212/20—Burner material specifications metallic
    • F23D2212/201—Fibres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas burner for heating systems, furnaces, gas lances or the like.
  • an air / gas mixture can be supplied to a flame holding layer provided with a plurality of small passages and preventing a flashback, on the side opposite the mixture supply side Form the ignition of the combustion flames.
  • air / gas mixtures is also understood to mean mixtures of air and gasified or sprayed liquid fuels.
  • air / gas mixtures is also understood to mean mixtures of air and gasified or sprayed liquid fuels.
  • this object is achieved in that, on the flame side, in addition to the flame holding layer, a post-combustion layer which can be heated by the combustion flames and has a large number of small passages is provided.
  • the afterburning layer In the afterburning layer, the high CO contents generated in the flame holding layer are oxidized to CO2 and thereby removed. The anyway low stoichiometric composition NOx levels are not affected.
  • the oxidation of CO to CO2 takes place in the heated passages of the afterburning layer, the heating being carried out by the combustion flames on the flame holding layer.
  • the temperature of the afterburning layer can be adjusted by setting a distance, the number and the dimension of the passages, the total area and / or the housing design so that the temperature is sufficiently high for the oxidation of the CO components, but not so high that additional NOx Shares could arise.
  • the measures to achieve low pollutant levels with high efficiency are simple and can be implemented inexpensively, since only an additional afterburning layer has to be arranged after the flame holding layer.
  • the post-combustion layer is arranged at a distance from the flame-holding layer, a particularly simple and reliable setting of the temperature in the post-combustion layer for the oxidation of the CO is possible.
  • the combustion flames can at least partially extend into the afterburning layer.
  • the afterburning layer can also lie against the flame holding layer, the small passages in the afterburning layer having a configuration which allows combustion flames therein.
  • the combustion flames are thus integrated in the afterburning layer, which can also serve to increase safety.
  • the flame holding layer and the afterburning layer are expediently designed as a porous layer, as a fine wire mesh, as a wire pressed body, as a sintered body or as a layer provided with fine bores.
  • the formation of the porous layer as a foamed ceramic layer is particularly favorable.
  • the wire mesh or the wire pressing body can be made of metal wire. consist of ceramic fibers or of glass fibers.
  • the afterburning layer has coarser passages with respect to the flame holding layer, which allow combustion flames to be formed therein.
  • the flame holding layer and the afterburning layer can be formed as parallel, flat layers, which represents a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment. However, in order to increase the effective area, it is also possible to form the flame holding layer and the afterburning layer as concentric layers, in particular as circular cylindrical layers.
  • the flame holding layer is advantageously preceded by a mixing chamber, which may preferably have mixing elements.
  • the gas burner shown as the first exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 consists of a mixing chamber 10 first line 11 for the supply of air (L) or another oxygen-containing gas and a second line 12 for the supply of a combustion gas (G) such as natural gas, propane, butane, hydrogen or the like. flow into.
  • a combustion gas such as natural gas, propane, butane, hydrogen or the like.
  • a gasified or sprayed flammable liquid can also replace a gas.
  • the two lines 11, 12 open asymmetrically and essentially perpendicular to one another in the mixing chamber 10 in order to achieve thorough mixing.
  • the mixing chamber 10 is connected on the output side via a narrower passage 13 to the actual burner area 14, which initially widens conically steeply from the passage 13 and then opens into a circular-cylindrical area 15.
  • a circular disk-shaped flame holding layer 16 is arranged on the input side, with a likewise circular disk-shaped afterburning layer 17 being arranged at the exit parallel to the flame holding layer 16 and at a distance therefrom.
  • Both layers 16, 17 must have a large number of small passages in order to allow the passage of the mixture on the inlet side and the passage of the exhaust gas on the outlet side.
  • the layers are designed as porous layers, for example as foamed ceramic layers, or as fine wire mesh, as wire pressed bodies, as sintered bodies or as layers provided with fine bores.
  • porous layers for example as foamed ceramic layers, or as fine wire mesh, as wire pressed bodies, as sintered bodies or as layers provided with fine bores.
  • metal wire, ceramic fibers or glass fibers are used, for example.
  • the gas mixture mixed in the mixing chamber 10 is preferably fed in a stoichiometric composition via the passage 13 to the burner region 14, where it passes through the flame holding layer 16 and is distributed uniformly there.
  • the mixture is then ignited by a known ignition device (not shown in detail), as a result of which a large number of small flames are formed at the outlet of the flame holding layer 16 as a result of the many small passages and are distributed substantially uniformly over the flame holding layer 16.
  • a known ignition device not shown in detail
  • the afterburning layer 17 is designed such that the flames can also penetrate into this afterburning layer 17. Coarser passageways are generally required for this.
  • the temperature of the afterburning layer 17 is chosen by adjusting the distance and other measures so that the oxidation of CO to CO2 takes place in a favorable manner, but that the temperature required for the formation of NOx is not reached.
  • the already low NOx in such gas burners remains Preserve content while the CO content is further reduced. With this burner, NOx values and CO values of less than 5 ppm can be achieved with optimum efficiency.
  • FIG. 2 The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is basically the same, but there is a mixing chamber 18 as a tube narrowing when it flows into a burner area 19, air and gas being introduced from the tube inlet.
  • a spiral-shaped mixing element 20 is arranged in the mixing chamber 18 for better mixing.
  • this can also have other forms which are suitable for mixing.
  • the burner region 19 is of circular cylindrical design, a flame holding layer 21 and a post-combustion layer 17 being arranged one above the other as concentric tubes. In between there is an air gap in which the small flames can form.
  • part of the exhaust gas can be returned to the combustion process via exhaust gas guide elements 23. This takes place through openings 24 in the burner area 19, which are arranged concentrically around the junction of the mixing chamber 18.
  • the post-combustion layer having to be arranged downstream of the flame-holding layer in each case.
  • the flame-holding layer for example, polygonal, spherical, ellipsoidal, hemispherical or similar arrangements are also conceivable.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Abstract

A gas burner for heating installations, furnaces, gas lances or the like is proposed, in which an airgas mixture can be fed to a flame-holding layer (16) which is provided with a multiplicity of small passages, prevents flashback and on the side of which opposite to the mixture feed side combustion flames form after ignition of the mixture. On the flame side next to the flame-holding layer (16), a postcombustion layer (17) is provided which can be heated by the combustion flames and has a multiplicity of small passages. In the heated postcombustion layer (17), CO fractions formed are oxidised to CO2, while the NOx constituents, which are anyway low, remain unchanged. As a result, the pollutant contents can be effectively reduced, with optimum efficiency.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Gasbrenner für Heizanlagen, Feuerungen, Gaslanzen od.dgl., bei dem ein Luft-/Gas-­Gemisch einer mit einer Vielzahl kleiner Durchgänge ver­sehenen, einen Flammenrückschlag verhindernden Flammen­halteschicht zuführbar ist, an deren der Gemisch-Zuführungs­seite gegenüberliegenden Seite sich nach Zündung des Gemisches Verbrennungsflammen ausbilden.The invention relates to a gas burner for heating systems, furnaces, gas lances or the like. In which an air / gas mixture can be supplied to a flame holding layer provided with a plurality of small passages and preventing a flashback, on the side opposite the mixture supply side Form the ignition of the combustion flames.

Derartige Gasbrenner sind in den verschiedensten Ausfüh­rungen für verschiedene Anwendungsfälle bekannt, beispiels­weise für die oben angeführten Anwendungsfälle. Dabei werden unter der Bezeichnung "Luft-/Gas-Gemische" auch Gemische aus Luft und vergasten oder versprühten flüssigen Brennstoffen verstanden. Bei derartigen Brennern ist es immer erstrebenswert, bei einem möglichst hohen Wirkungs­grad möglichst niedrige NOx- und CO-Werte zu erreichen. Bei den eingangs angegebenen, bekannten Gasbrennern werden zwar niedrige NOx-Werte erzielt, jedoch ist der CO-Gehalt relativ hoch. Man kann diesen CO-Gehalt zwar dadurch absenken, daß man eine größere Menge Sauerstoff zuführt, jedoch sinkt dann der Wirkungsgrad ab.Such gas burners are known in various designs for different applications, for example for the applications listed above. The term “air / gas mixtures” is also understood to mean mixtures of air and gasified or sprayed liquid fuels. With such burners, it is always desirable to achieve the lowest possible NOx and CO values with the highest possible efficiency. With the known gas burners mentioned at the beginning, low NOx values are achieved, but the CO content is relatively high. You can reduce this CO content reduce that you add a larger amount of oxygen, but then the efficiency drops.

Eine Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung besteht daher darin, einen Gasbrenner der eingangs genannten Gattung zu schaffen, der bei hohem Wirkungsgrad gleichzeitig niedrige NOx- und CO-Werte aufweist.It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a gas burner of the type mentioned at the outset, which at the same time has low NOx and CO values with high efficiency.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß auf der Flammenseite neben der Flammenhalteschicht eine von den Verbrennungsflammen erhitzbare, eine Vielzahl kleiner Durchgänge aufweisende Nachverbrennungsschicht vorgesehen ist.According to the invention, this object is achieved in that, on the flame side, in addition to the flame holding layer, a post-combustion layer which can be heated by the combustion flames and has a large number of small passages is provided.

In der Nachverbrennungsschicht werden die in der Flammen­halteschicht erzeugten hohen CO-Anteile zu CO₂ oxydiert und dadurch entfernt. Die bei stöchiometrischer Zusammen­setzung ohnehin niedrigen NOx-Anteile werden dabei nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Oxydation von CO zu CO₂ erfolgt in den erhitzten Durchgängen der Nachverbrennungsschicht, wobei die Erhitzung durch die Verbrennungsflammen an der Flammenhalteschicht erfolgt. Die Temperatur der Nach­verbrennungsschicht kann durch Einstellen eines Abstands, der Anzahl und der Abmessung der Durchgänge, der Gesamt­fläche und/oder der Gehäusegestaltung so erfolgen, daß die Temperatur ausreichend hoch zur Oxydation der CO-Bestand­teile ist, jedoch nicht so hoch, daß zusätzliche NOx-Anteile entstehen könnten. Die Maßnahmen zur Erzielung der niedrigen Schadstoffanteile bei hohem Wirkungsgrad sind einfach und kostengünstig realisierbar, da lediglich eine zusätz­liche Nachverbrennungsschicht der Flammenhalteschicht nachgeordnet werden muß.In the afterburning layer, the high CO contents generated in the flame holding layer are oxidized to CO₂ and thereby removed. The anyway low stoichiometric composition NOx levels are not affected. The oxidation of CO to CO₂ takes place in the heated passages of the afterburning layer, the heating being carried out by the combustion flames on the flame holding layer. The temperature of the afterburning layer can be adjusted by setting a distance, the number and the dimension of the passages, the total area and / or the housing design so that the temperature is sufficiently high for the oxidation of the CO components, but not so high that additional NOx Shares could arise. The measures to achieve low pollutant levels with high efficiency are simple and can be implemented inexpensively, since only an additional afterburning layer has to be arranged after the flame holding layer.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen und Verbesserungen des im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Gasbrenners möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments and improvements of the gas burner specified in claim 1.

Ordnet man die Nachverbrennungsschicht beabstandet von der Flammenhalteschicht an, so ist eine besonders einfache und sichere Einstellung der Temperatur in der Nachver­brennungsschicht zur Oxydation des CO möglich. Die Ver­brennungsflammen können dabei wenigstens teilweise in die Nachverbrennungsschicht hineinreichen. Zur kompakten Anordnung kann die Nachverbrennungsschicht jedoch auch an der Flammenhalteschicht anliegen, wobei die kleinen Durchgänge in der Nachverbrennungsschicht eine Verbrennungs­flammen darin gestattende Ausbildung aufweisen. Die Ver­brennungsflammen sind dadurch in der Nachverbrennungs­schicht integriert, was auch zur Erhöhung der Sicherheit dienen kann.If the post-combustion layer is arranged at a distance from the flame-holding layer, a particularly simple and reliable setting of the temperature in the post-combustion layer for the oxidation of the CO is possible. The combustion flames can at least partially extend into the afterburning layer. For a compact arrangement, however, the afterburning layer can also lie against the flame holding layer, the small passages in the afterburning layer having a configuration which allows combustion flames therein. The combustion flames are thus integrated in the afterburning layer, which can also serve to increase safety.

Die Flammenhalteschicht und die Nachverbrennungsschicht sind zweckmäßigerweise als poröse Schicht, als feines Drahtgeflecht, als Drahtpreßkörper, als Sinterkörper oder als mit feinen Bohrungen versehene Schicht ausge­bildet. Besonders günstig ist dabei die Ausbildung der porösen Schicht als geschäumte Keramikschicht. Das Draht­geflecht oder der Drahtpreßkörper kann aus Metalldraht. aus Keramikfasern oder aus Glasfasern bestehen.The flame holding layer and the afterburning layer are expediently designed as a porous layer, as a fine wire mesh, as a wire pressed body, as a sintered body or as a layer provided with fine bores. The formation of the porous layer as a foamed ceramic layer is particularly favorable. The wire mesh or the wire pressing body can be made of metal wire. consist of ceramic fibers or of glass fibers.

Die Nachverbrennungsschicht weist bezüglich der Flammen­halteschicht gröbere Durchgänge auf, die die Ausbildung von Verbrennungsflammen darin gestatten.The afterburning layer has coarser passages with respect to the flame holding layer, which allow combustion flames to be formed therein.

Die Flammenhalteschicht und die Nachverbrennungsschicht können als parallele, ebene Schichten ausgebildet sein, was eine besonders einfache und kostengünstige Ausgestal­tung darstellt. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, zur Erhöhung der wirksamen Fläche die Flammenhalteschicht und die Nachverbrennungsschicht als konzentrische Schichten auszu­bilden, insbesondere als kreiszylindrische Schichten.The flame holding layer and the afterburning layer can be formed as parallel, flat layers, which represents a particularly simple and inexpensive embodiment. However, in order to increase the effective area, it is also possible to form the flame holding layer and the afterburning layer as concentric layers, in particular as circular cylindrical layers.

Zur optimalen Vermischung der Gas- und Luftbestandteile ist der Flammenhalteschicht zweckmäßigerweise eine Misch­kammer vorgeschaltet, die vorzugsweise Vermischungselemente aufweisen kann.For optimum mixing of the gas and air components, the flame holding layer is advantageously preceded by a mixing chamber, which may preferably have mixing elements.

Zwei Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeich­nung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gasbrenners mit ebenen, parallelen Schichten und
  • Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel eines Gasbrenners mit konzentrischen, kreiszylindrischen Schichten.
Two embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of a gas burner with flat, parallel layers and
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of a gas burner with concentric, circular cylindrical layers.

Der in Fig. 1 als erstes Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellte Gasbrenner besteht aus einer Mischkammer 10. in die eine erste Leitung 11 zur Zuführung von Luft (L) oder einem sonstigen sauerstoffhaltigen Gas sowie eine zweite Leitung 12 zur Zuführung eines Verbrennungsgases (G) wie Erdgas, Propan, Butan, Wasserstoff od.dgl. einmünden. Anstelle eines Gases kann auch eine vergaste oder versprühte brenn­bare Flüssigkeit treten. Die beiden Leitungen 11,12 münden asymmetrisch und im wesentlichen senkrecht zueinander in die Mischkammer 10 ein, um eine gute Durchmischung zu erreichen.The gas burner shown as the first exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1 consists of a mixing chamber 10 first line 11 for the supply of air (L) or another oxygen-containing gas and a second line 12 for the supply of a combustion gas (G) such as natural gas, propane, butane, hydrogen or the like. flow into. A gasified or sprayed flammable liquid can also replace a gas. The two lines 11, 12 open asymmetrically and essentially perpendicular to one another in the mixing chamber 10 in order to achieve thorough mixing.

Die Mischkammer 10 ist ausgangsseitig über einen schmäleren Durchgang 13 mit dem eigentlichen Brennerbereich 14 ver­bunden, der sich zunächst vom Durchgang 13 aus steil konisch erweitert und dann in einen kreiszylindrischen Bereich 15 einmündet. In diesem kreiszylindrischen Bereich 15 ist eingangsseitig eine kreisscheibenförmige Flammen­halteschicht 16 angeordnet, wobei am Ausgang parallel zur Flammenhalteschicht 16 und beabstandet von dieser noch eine ebenfalls kreisscheibenförmige Nachverbrennungs­schicht 17 angeordnet ist. Beide Schichten 16,17 müssen eine Vielzahl kleiner Durchgänge aufweisen, um eingangs­seitig den Durchgang des Gemisches und ausgangsseitig den Durchgang des Abgases zu gestatten. Hierzu sind die Schichten als poröse Schichten, beispielsweise als ge­schäumte Keramikschichten, oder als feines Drahtgeflecht, als Drahtpreßkörper, als Sinterkörper oder als mit feinen Bohrungen versehene Schichten ausgebildet. Bei einer Ausführung als Drahtgeflecht oder Drahtpreßkörper werden beispielsweise Metalldraht, Keramikfasern oder Glasfasern verwendet.The mixing chamber 10 is connected on the output side via a narrower passage 13 to the actual burner area 14, which initially widens conically steeply from the passage 13 and then opens into a circular-cylindrical area 15. In this circular-cylindrical region 15, a circular disk-shaped flame holding layer 16 is arranged on the input side, with a likewise circular disk-shaped afterburning layer 17 being arranged at the exit parallel to the flame holding layer 16 and at a distance therefrom. Both layers 16, 17 must have a large number of small passages in order to allow the passage of the mixture on the inlet side and the passage of the exhaust gas on the outlet side. For this purpose, the layers are designed as porous layers, for example as foamed ceramic layers, or as fine wire mesh, as wire pressed bodies, as sintered bodies or as layers provided with fine bores. In the case of a design as a wire mesh or wire pressed body, metal wire, ceramic fibers or glass fibers are used, for example.

Das in der Mischkammer 10 vermischte Gasgemisch wird vorzugsweise in stöchiometrischer Zusammensetzung über den Durchgang 13 dem Brennerbereich 14 zugeleitet, wo es die Flammenhalteschicht 16 passiert und sich dort gleichmäßig verteilt. Durch eine nicht näher dargestellte, bekannte Zündeinrichtung wird das Gemisch dann entzündet, wodurch sich am Ausgang der Flammenhalteschicht 16 infolge der vielen kleinen Durchgänge eine Vielzahl von kleinen Flammen ausbildet, die im wesentlichen gleichmäßig über der Flammenhalteschicht 16 verteilt sind. Das Material und die Ausbildung der kleinen Durchgänge in der Flammen­halteschicht sind dabei so gewählt, daß in bekannter Weise ein Flammenrückschlag nicht möglich ist.The gas mixture mixed in the mixing chamber 10 is preferably fed in a stoichiometric composition via the passage 13 to the burner region 14, where it passes through the flame holding layer 16 and is distributed uniformly there. The mixture is then ignited by a known ignition device (not shown in detail), as a result of which a large number of small flames are formed at the outlet of the flame holding layer 16 as a result of the many small passages and are distributed substantially uniformly over the flame holding layer 16. The material and the formation of the small passages in the flame holding layer are chosen so that a flame flashback is not possible in a known manner.

Die vielen kleinen Flammen im Zwischenraum zwischen der Flammenhalteschicht 16 und der Nachverbrennungsschicht 17 erhitzen diese Nachverbrennungsschicht 17, wodurch dort eine Aufoxydation von entstehendem CO zu CO₂ statt­findet. Die Nachverbrennungsschicht 17 ist dabei so ausge­bildet, daß die Flammen auch in diese Nachverbrennungs­schicht 17 eindringen können. Hierzu sind im allgemeinen gröbere Durchgänge erforderlich.The many small flames in the space between the flame holding layer 16 and the afterburning layer 17 heat this afterburning layer 17, as a result of which an oxidation of CO to CO₂ takes place there. The afterburning layer 17 is designed such that the flames can also penetrate into this afterburning layer 17. Coarser passageways are generally required for this.

Die Temperatur der Nachverbrennungsschicht 17 wird durch Einstellung des Abstands und sonstige Maßnahmen so ge­wählt, daß die Oxydation von CO zu CO₂ in günstiger Weise stattfindet, daß jedoch nicht die zur Bildung von NOx erforderliche Temperatur erreicht wird. Hierdurch bleibt der bei solchen Gasbrennern an sich schon niedrige NOx-­ Gehalt erhalten, während sich der CO-Gehalt weiter redu­ziert. Mit diesem Brenner lassen sich bei optimalem Wirkungs­grad NOx-Werte und CO-Werte von jeweils weniger als 5 ppm erreichen.The temperature of the afterburning layer 17 is chosen by adjusting the distance and other measures so that the oxidation of CO to CO₂ takes place in a favorable manner, but that the temperature required for the formation of NOx is not reached. As a result, the already low NOx in such gas burners remains Preserve content while the CO content is further reduced. With this burner, NOx values and CO values of less than 5 ppm can be achieved with optimum efficiency.

Das in Fig. 2 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel ist prinzi­piell gleich aufgebaut, jedoch ist dort eine Mischkammer 18 als sich bei der Einmündung in einen Brennerbereich 19 verengendes Rohr ausgebaut, wobei Luft und Gas jeweils vom Rohreingang her eingebracht werden. Zur besseren Vermischung ist ein spiralförmiges Vermischungselement 20 in der Mischkammer 18 angeordnet. Dieses kann jedoch auch andere Formen aufweisen, die zur Vermischung geeignet sind.The exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is basically the same, but there is a mixing chamber 18 as a tube narrowing when it flows into a burner area 19, air and gas being introduced from the tube inlet. A spiral-shaped mixing element 20 is arranged in the mixing chamber 18 for better mixing. However, this can also have other forms which are suitable for mixing.

Der Brennerbereich 19 ist kreiszylindrisch ausgebildet, wobei eine Flammenhalteschicht 21 und eine Nachverbrennungs­schicht 17 als konzentrische Rohre übereinander angeordnet sind. Dazwischen befindet sich wiederum ein Luftspalt, in dem sich die kleinen Flammen ausbilden können.The burner region 19 is of circular cylindrical design, a flame holding layer 21 and a post-combustion layer 17 being arranged one above the other as concentric tubes. In between there is an air gap in which the small flames can form.

Zur weiteren Verbesserung des Abgases und Reduzierung von Schadstoffen kann ein Teil des Abgases über Abgas-­Leitelemente 23 wieder in den Verbrennungsprozeß rück­geführt werden. Dies erfolgt durch Öffnungen 24 im Brenner­bereich 19, die konzentrisch um die Einmündungsstelle der Mischkammer 18 angeordnet sind.To further improve the exhaust gas and reduce pollutants, part of the exhaust gas can be returned to the combustion process via exhaust gas guide elements 23. This takes place through openings 24 in the burner area 19, which are arranged concentrically around the junction of the mixing chamber 18.

Bei beiden Ausführungsbeispielen ist es möglich, die Flammenhalteschicht und die Nachverbrennungsschicht anein­ anderstoßend anzuordnen, um einen kompakteren Brenner­bereich zu erzielen. Die kleinen Flammen bilden sich dann in der Nachverbrennungsschicht 17 aus, deren kleine Durchgänge entsprechend dimensioniert werden müssen.In both exemplary embodiments, it is possible to combine the flame holding layer and the afterburning layer to be arranged abutting to achieve a more compact burner area. The small flames then form in the afterburning layer 17, the small passages of which must be dimensioned accordingly.

Weitere Anordnungen von Flammenhalteschichten und Nach­verbrennungsschichten sind selbstverständlich ebenfalls möglich, wobei jeweils der Flammenhalteschicht ausgangs­seitig die Nachverbrennungsschicht nachgeordnet sein muß. So sind beispielsweise auch mehrkantige, kugelförmige, ellipsoidförmige, halbkugelförmige oder ähnliche Anord­nungen denkbar.Further arrangements of flame-holding layers and afterburning layers are of course also possible, the post-combustion layer having to be arranged downstream of the flame-holding layer in each case. For example, polygonal, spherical, ellipsoidal, hemispherical or similar arrangements are also conceivable.

Claims (10)

1. Gasbrenner für Heizanlagen, Feuerungen, Gaslanzen od.dgl., bei dem ein Luft-/Gas- Gemisch einer mit einer Vielzahl kleiner Durchgänge versehenen, einen Flammenrück­schlag verhindernden Flammenshalteschicht zuführbar ist, an deren der Gemisch-Zuführungsseite gegenüberliegenden Seite sich nach Zündung des Gemisches Verbrennungsflammen ausbilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Flammen­seite neben der Flammehalteschicht (16;21) eine von den Verbrennungsflammen erhitzbare, eine Vielzahl kleiner Durchgänge aufweisende Nachverbrennungsschicht (17;22) vorgesehen ist.1. Gas burner for heating systems, furnaces, gas lances or the like., In which an air / gas mixture can be supplied with a plurality of small passages provided with a flame retardant flame retardant layer, on the opposite side of the mixture supply side after ignition of the Forming mixed combustion flames, characterized in that a post-combustion layer (17; 22) which can be heated by the combustion flames and has a plurality of small passages is provided on the side of the flame next to the flame retention layer (16; 21). 2. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverbrennungsschicht (17;22) beabstandet von der Flammenhalteschicht (16;21) angeordnet ist, wobei vorzugsweise die Verbrennungsflammen wenigstens teil­weise in die Nachverbrennungsschicht (17;22) hineinreichen.2. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the afterburning layer (17; 22) is arranged at a distance from the flame holding layer (16; 21), wherein the combustion flames preferably extend at least partially into the afterburning layer (17; 22). 3. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverbrennungsschicht an der Flammenhalteschicht anliegt, wobei die kleinen Durchgangsöffnungen in der Nachverbrennungs­schicht eine Verbrennungsflammen darin gestattende Ausbildung aufweisen.3. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the afterburning layer bears against the flame holding layer, the small through openings in the afterburning layer having a combustion flame configuration therein. 4. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flammenhalteschicht (16;21) und die Nachverbrennungsschicht (17;22) als poröse Schicht, als feines Drahtgeflecht, als Drahtpreßkörper, als Sinter­körper oder als mit feinen Bohrungen versehene Schicht ausge­bildet ist.4. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flame holding layer (16; 21) and the afterburning layer (17; 22) is designed as a porous layer, as a fine wire mesh, as a wire pressing body, as a sintered body or as a layer provided with fine bores . 5. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die poröse Schicht als geschäumte Keramikschicht ausgebildet ist, und/oder daß das Drahtgeflecht oder der Drahtpreßkörper aus Metalldraht, aus Keramikfasern oder aus Glasfasern besteht.5. Gas burner according to claim 4, characterized in that the porous layer is designed as a foamed ceramic layer, and / or that the wire mesh or the wire pressed body consists of metal wire, ceramic fibers or glass fibers. 6. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverbrennungsschicht (17;22) bezüglich der Flammenhalteschicht (16;21) gröbere Durchgänge aufweist.6. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the afterburning layer (17; 22) with respect to the flame holding layer (16; 21) has coarser passages. 7. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Flammenhalteschicht (16) und die Nachverbrennungsschicht (17) als parallele, ebene Schich­ten ausgebildet sind.7. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flame holding layer (16) and the afterburning layer (17) are designed as parallel, flat layers. 8. Gasbrenner nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch ge­kennzeichnet, daß die Flammenhalteschicht (21) und die Nach­verbrennungsschicht (22) als konzentrische, insbesondere kreiszylindrische Schichten ausgebildet sind.8. Gas burner according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the flame holding layer (21) and the afterburning layer (22) are designed as concentric, in particular circular cylindrical layers. 9. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Flammenhalteschicht (16;21) eine Mischkammer (10;18) vorgeschaltet ist, in der vorzugswei­se Vermischungselemente (20) vorgesehen sind.9. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the flame holding layer (16; 21) is preceded by a mixing chamber (10; 18), in which preferably mixing elements (20) are provided. 10. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein Teil der Abgase wieder zur Eingangsseite der Flammenhalteschicht (21) insbesondere mittels Abgasleitelementen (23) rückgeführt wird.10. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that part of the exhaust gases is returned to the input side of the flame holding layer (21) in particular by means of exhaust gas guide elements (23).
EP90110796A 1989-08-12 1990-06-07 Method of combustion in gasburner Expired - Lifetime EP0415008B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3926699 1989-08-12
DE3926699A DE3926699A1 (en) 1989-08-12 1989-08-12 GAS BURNER

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EP0415008A1 true EP0415008A1 (en) 1991-03-06
EP0415008B1 EP0415008B1 (en) 1994-07-20

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AT (1) ATE108883T1 (en)
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WO1993010399A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-05-27 Witteveen Gustaaf J LOW NOx PREMIX GAS BURNER
WO1994009326A1 (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-04-28 Hynek Mikusek Mixing and heat-exchange system for condensing gas boilers
US5348468A (en) * 1990-11-02 1994-09-20 Chamottewaren-Und Thonofenfabrick Aug. Rath Jun. Aktiengesellschaft Fiber brick and burner with such fiber brick
WO1997049952A1 (en) * 1996-06-25 1997-12-31 Koehne Heinrich Surface-combustion liquid-fuel burner and method of operating it
NL1005800C2 (en) * 1996-11-16 1999-05-10 Fasto Nefit Bv Porous body for gas-burner - has open space at igniter between successive zones
EP1010940A2 (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-06-21 Bray Technologies Plc Gas Burner
DE19901145A1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-20 Krieger Gmbh & Co Kg Infrared heater designed as a surface heater
EP0899507B1 (en) * 1997-08-29 2003-11-12 Tokyo Gas Company Limited A leak preventive structure for a case of a surface combustion burner
US6709264B2 (en) * 2001-11-20 2004-03-23 General Motors Corporation Catalytic combuster
WO2005100856A1 (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-27 Tiax Llc Burner apparatus
EP1715247A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-25 Paul Scherrer Institut Burner
DE102008000010A1 (en) 2008-01-07 2009-07-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Plate-shaped ceramic heat radiating body of an infrared surface radiator
CN101018982B (en) * 2004-07-13 2011-01-12 菲舍尔和佩克尔应用有限公司 Gas heating appliance
CN102563639A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 西安交通大学 Porous medium and heat pipe combustor for liquid fuel
EP3055616A4 (en) * 2013-10-07 2017-05-31 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Pre-mixed fuel burner with perforated flame holder
EP3184892A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-28 Bosch Termotecnologia S.A. Burner device
EP3055615A4 (en) * 2013-10-07 2017-08-09 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Horizontally fired burner with a perforated flame holder
US10458649B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2019-10-29 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Horizontally fired burner with a perforated flame holder
EP3049724B1 (en) * 2013-09-23 2020-06-17 ClearSign Technologies Corporation Porous flame holder for low nox combustion and method
DE102020125351A1 (en) 2020-09-29 2022-03-31 Vaillant Gmbh gas heater

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AT400753B (en) * 1994-05-06 1996-03-25 Vaillant Gmbh METHOD FOR PRODUCING A SINTERMETAL BURNER PLATE
US6135061A (en) * 1995-04-04 2000-10-24 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Air inlets for water heaters
US6196164B1 (en) 1995-04-04 2001-03-06 Srp 687 Pty. Ltd. Ignition inhibiting gas water heater
US6295951B1 (en) 1995-04-04 2001-10-02 Srp 687 Pty. Ltd. Ignition inhibiting gas water heater
US6085699A (en) * 1995-04-04 2000-07-11 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Air inlets for water heaters
US5797355A (en) 1995-04-04 1998-08-25 Srp 687 Pty Ltd Ignition inhibiting gas water heater
US6003477A (en) * 1995-04-04 1999-12-21 Srp 687 Pty. Ltd. Ignition inhibiting gas water heater
US6155211A (en) * 1995-04-04 2000-12-05 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Air inlets for water heaters
US6223697B1 (en) 1998-08-21 2001-05-01 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Water heater with heat sensitive air inlet
US6293230B1 (en) 1998-10-20 2001-09-25 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Water heaters with flame traps
US6269779B2 (en) 1998-08-21 2001-08-07 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Sealed access assembly for water heaters
US6302062B2 (en) 1998-08-21 2001-10-16 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Sealed access assembly for water heaters
US6142106A (en) * 1998-08-21 2000-11-07 Srp 687 Pty Ltd. Air inlets for combustion chamber of water heater
US5950573A (en) * 1998-10-16 1999-09-14 Srp 687 Pty. Ltd. Power vented water heater with air inlet
DE102006012168B4 (en) * 2006-03-14 2009-05-07 Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh Burner for combustion of liquid fuel
DE102007037971B4 (en) * 2007-08-11 2018-11-29 Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh Heat Guns
CN105437523A (en) * 2014-08-21 2016-03-30 佛山市中豹科技发展有限公司 Vacuum plastic-absorbing machine with combustion gas
DE102016206247A1 (en) 2016-04-14 2017-11-02 Gvp Gesellschaft Zur Vermarktung Der Porenbrennertechnik Mbh surface burner
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Cited By (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5348468A (en) * 1990-11-02 1994-09-20 Chamottewaren-Und Thonofenfabrick Aug. Rath Jun. Aktiengesellschaft Fiber brick and burner with such fiber brick
US5375998A (en) * 1991-11-14 1994-12-27 Witteveen; Gustaaf J. Low NOx premix gas burner
WO1993010399A1 (en) * 1991-11-14 1993-05-27 Witteveen Gustaaf J LOW NOx PREMIX GAS BURNER
WO1994009326A1 (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-04-28 Hynek Mikusek Mixing and heat-exchange system for condensing gas boilers
WO1997049952A1 (en) * 1996-06-25 1997-12-31 Koehne Heinrich Surface-combustion liquid-fuel burner and method of operating it
NL1005800C2 (en) * 1996-11-16 1999-05-10 Fasto Nefit Bv Porous body for gas-burner - has open space at igniter between successive zones
EP0899507B1 (en) * 1997-08-29 2003-11-12 Tokyo Gas Company Limited A leak preventive structure for a case of a surface combustion burner
EP1010940A3 (en) * 1998-12-16 2001-03-07 Bray Technologies Plc Gas Burner
EP1010940A2 (en) * 1998-12-16 2000-06-21 Bray Technologies Plc Gas Burner
DE19901145A1 (en) * 1999-01-14 2000-07-20 Krieger Gmbh & Co Kg Infrared heater designed as a surface heater
US6709264B2 (en) * 2001-11-20 2004-03-23 General Motors Corporation Catalytic combuster
WO2005100856A1 (en) * 2004-04-06 2005-10-27 Tiax Llc Burner apparatus
US7857616B2 (en) 2004-04-06 2010-12-28 Tiax Llc Burner apparatus
US7895999B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2011-03-01 Fisher & Paykel Appliances Limited Cooking appliance
US8479721B2 (en) 2004-07-13 2013-07-09 Fisher & Paykel Appliances Limited Gas heating appliance
CN101018982B (en) * 2004-07-13 2011-01-12 菲舍尔和佩克尔应用有限公司 Gas heating appliance
EP1715247A1 (en) * 2005-04-19 2006-10-25 Paul Scherrer Institut Burner
DE102008000010B4 (en) * 2008-01-07 2010-10-14 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Plate-shaped ceramic heat radiating body of an infrared surface radiator
DE102008000010A1 (en) 2008-01-07 2009-07-09 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Plate-shaped ceramic heat radiating body of an infrared surface radiator
CN102563639A (en) * 2011-12-30 2012-07-11 西安交通大学 Porous medium and heat pipe combustor for liquid fuel
CN102563639B (en) * 2011-12-30 2014-01-29 西安交通大学 Porous medium and heat pipe combustor for liquid fuel
US10458649B2 (en) 2013-02-14 2019-10-29 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Horizontally fired burner with a perforated flame holder
EP3049724B1 (en) * 2013-09-23 2020-06-17 ClearSign Technologies Corporation Porous flame holder for low nox combustion and method
EP3055616A4 (en) * 2013-10-07 2017-05-31 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Pre-mixed fuel burner with perforated flame holder
EP3055615A4 (en) * 2013-10-07 2017-08-09 Clearsign Combustion Corporation Horizontally fired burner with a perforated flame holder
US10808927B2 (en) 2013-10-07 2020-10-20 Clearsign Technologies Corporation Pre-mixed fuel burner with perforated flame holder
EP3184892A1 (en) * 2015-12-22 2017-06-28 Bosch Termotecnologia S.A. Burner device
DE102020125351A1 (en) 2020-09-29 2022-03-31 Vaillant Gmbh gas heater

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0415008B1 (en) 1994-07-20
DE3926699A1 (en) 1991-02-14
ATE108883T1 (en) 1994-08-15
DE59006485D1 (en) 1994-08-25

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