EP0413214B1 - Pressurized vaporising burner, particularly for field ranges - Google Patents

Pressurized vaporising burner, particularly for field ranges Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0413214B1
EP0413214B1 EP90114904A EP90114904A EP0413214B1 EP 0413214 B1 EP0413214 B1 EP 0413214B1 EP 90114904 A EP90114904 A EP 90114904A EP 90114904 A EP90114904 A EP 90114904A EP 0413214 B1 EP0413214 B1 EP 0413214B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
burning chamber
wall
fuel
burner
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EP90114904A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0413214A2 (en
EP0413214A3 (en
Inventor
Jürgen Binder
Michael Böhm
Dieter Endtner
Roland Schick
Helmut Stelzmüller
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Alfred Kaercher SE and Co KG
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Alfred Kaercher SE and Co KG
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Publication of EP0413214A3 publication Critical patent/EP0413214A3/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/002—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel gaseous or liquid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/443—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by the main burner flame
    • F23D11/445—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by the main burner flame the flame and the vaporiser not coming into direct contact

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a pressure evaporator burner, in particular for field cookers, with an essentially cylindrical, vertical combustion chamber surrounded by a wall and open on the underside, with a pressure atomizer nozzle for liquid fuel for preheating operation and a main nozzle for vaporized fuel arranged on the underside of the combustion chamber for normal operation and with an evaporator arranged in the combustion chamber and leading the liquid fuel from a supply line to the main nozzle, the combustion chamber carrying a diffuser at its open, upper end.
  • Pressure evaporator burners of this type are preferably used in field cookers where only liquid fuel is available.
  • the liquid fuel can easily be ignited by means of the pressure atomizing nozzle, which then heats up liquid fuel in the evaporator until it evaporates.
  • the vaporized fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber through the main nozzle and from then on carries the combustion process, so that the pressure atomizing nozzle can be closed after the preheating phase has ended (DE-A-37 18 994).
  • burners which can also be operated with gas in addition to liquid fuel.
  • a gas burner conversion insert is provided, which must be installed in the burner if it is to be switched to gas operation (DE-A-36 04 314). This is cumbersome and does not immediately enable the switch from liquid fuel to gaseous fuel.
  • a pressure evaporator burner for fossil, liquid fuels which has a second nozzle for gaseous fuel (GB-A-1027864).
  • the outlet from this nozzle is arranged on the underside of the combustion chamber, so that high temperatures occur in the area of the evaporator.
  • such a burner cannot be operated as a gas burner if liquid fuel from the previous combustion process still remains in the evaporator line, since this fuel would decompose due to the high temperatures and would block the evaporator line. It is therefore not readily possible with this known construction to switch from the operating mode with liquid fuels to the operating mode with gaseous fuels without further ado.
  • a pressure evaporator burner of the type described in the introduction in that a further nozzle for gaseous fuels is arranged on the underside of the cylindrical combustion chamber, which nozzle is fed with gaseous fuel from an independent supply line, and in that it directly contacts the nozzle for gaseous fuel Fuel connects a pipe section passing through the combustion chamber and reaching to its upper end below the diffuser.
  • This pipe section leads the gaseous fuel from the nozzle to the diffuser, so that combustion of the gaseous fuel only occurs in the area of the diffuser he follows. This avoids the occurrence of particularly high temperatures in the area of the evaporator, which can decompose the liquid fuel remaining in the evaporator.
  • the composition of the liquid fuel in the evaporator is retained so that it can be switched back to operation with liquid fuel at any time without the evaporator line being coked.
  • the pipe section has wall openings in its lower end region. Air is drawn in through these wall openings so that the pipe section serves as a mixing section for the gaseous fuel, which in this way already reaches the end of the pipe section in a combustible ratio. It can be provided that the pressure atomizing nozzle, the main nozzle, the nozzle for the gaseous fuel and optionally an air nozzle are arranged in a common nozzle block at the lower end of the combustion chamber. This results in a compact and very easy to assemble construction.
  • the evaporator can be formed by a helical pipe running along the wall of the combustion chamber.
  • the pressure evaporator burner shown in the drawing comprises a nozzle block 1 with a main nozzle 2, directed vertically upwards, for vaporous fuel, which delivers it into a region which widens conically upwards.
  • a pressure atomizing nozzle 3 is arranged in the nozzle block and is connected via a feed line 4 directly to a supply source for liquid fuel, not shown in the drawing.
  • a venting nozzle 5 is also provided in the nozzle block, which in turn is connected via an air line 5a to a source for compressed air, also not shown in the drawing, for example a tank for compressed air or an air pump.
  • a cylindrical wall 6 is arranged above the nozzle block 1 concentrically to the axis of the main nozzle 2 and is at a distance from the nozzle block 1 and is open on the underside. Inside this wall 6 there is coaxial to this another cylindrical inner wall 7, which maintains a distance from the wall 6, so that an annular space 8 is formed between the wall 6 and the inner wall 7 is.
  • the inner wall 7 protrudes downward from the wall 6 and has a lower edge 9 which is bevelled with respect to the longitudinal axis.
  • the inner wall 7 is pulled further down on one side; this side is diametrically opposite the position of the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5, which in turn are at a distance from the central axis of the inner wall 7 defined by the main nozzle 2.
  • the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5 are inclined somewhat in the direction of the axis of the main nozzle 2, so that the jets emerging from them can enter the interior 10, which is defined by the inner wall 7. This entry is made possible by the beveling of the inner wall 7, although the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5 are laterally offset with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the interior 10.
  • the annular space 8 is closed at the top, the inner wall 7, which projects upwards above the wall 6, carries an expanding diffuser 11 with lateral flame outlet openings 12.
  • a feed line 13 for liquid fuel is laid in the annular space 8 in the form of a helix 14 and leads to the main nozzle 2 via a connecting line 15.
  • nozzle block 1 there is an additional gas nozzle 16 which is also directed upwards into the interior 10 and which via a gas supply line 17 with a supply of gaseous substances, not shown in the drawing Fuel is connected, for example with a public gas network or a gas bottle.
  • a pipe section 18 which extends vertically upwards through the interior 10 and which ends at the upper end of the inner wall 7 in the region of the diffuser 11 and which has wall openings 20 at its lower end 19 adjacent to the gas nozzle 16 the ambient air can be sucked in.
  • the burner must be preheated in normal operation with liquid fuel.
  • the liquid fuel is first injected via the pressure atomizer nozzle 3 into the interior 10 forming a combustion chamber, the fuel particles being atomized into very fine droplets by the pressure atomizer nozzle.
  • air is injected through the air nozzle 5, this combustible mixture is then ignited and burns in the interior 10.
  • the coil 14 is heated, in which liquid fuel is also located. This liquid fuel evaporates through the heating, so that after the end of the preheating phase and after opening the main nozzle 2 evaporated fuel from this enters the interior 10, which burns in this interior and continuously evaporates the liquid fuel in the coil 14 in further operation .
  • the preheating phase is ended, the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5 can be closed, since the stream of the vaporized fuel emerging from the main nozzle draws sufficient combustion air from the surroundings.
  • this burner with gaseous fuel
  • This is passed through the pipe section 18 into the diffuser and can be ignited there, the flames burning in this case after exiting the flame outlet openings 12, the diffuser acting as a flame holder.
  • the combustible gas mixture essentially arises already in the pipe section 18, which sucks in air through the wall openings 20 and mixes it with the gaseous fuel on the way to the diffuser.
  • a further air intake takes place in the area of the outlet from the pipe section 18.
  • the described burner makes it possible to use a pressure evaporator burner either as a burner for liquid fuel or as a normal gas burner without conversions and without complicated design changes, the changeover being able to be carried out at any time simply by opening and closing the corresponding supply lines.
  • the construction is extremely robust and therefore also well suited for practical use in field cookers etc.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Druckverdampferbrenner, insbesondere für Feldkochherde, mit einem im wesentlichen zylindrischen, senkrechten, von einer Wand umgebenen, an der Unterseite offenen Brennraum, mit einer an der Unterseite des Brennraumes angeordneten Druckzerstäuberdüse für flüssigen Brennstoff für den Vorheizungsbetrieb und einer Hauptdüse für verdampften Brennstoff für den Normalbetrieb sowie mit einem im Brennraum angeordneten, den flüssigen Brennstoff von einer Zufuhrleitung zur Hauptdüse führenden Verdampfer, wobei der Brennraum an seinem offenen, oberen Ende einen Diffusor trägt.The invention relates to a pressure evaporator burner, in particular for field cookers, with an essentially cylindrical, vertical combustion chamber surrounded by a wall and open on the underside, with a pressure atomizer nozzle for liquid fuel for preheating operation and a main nozzle for vaporized fuel arranged on the underside of the combustion chamber for normal operation and with an evaporator arranged in the combustion chamber and leading the liquid fuel from a supply line to the main nozzle, the combustion chamber carrying a diffuser at its open, upper end.

Derartige Druckverdampferbrenner werden vorzugsweise in Feldkochherden eingesetzt, bei denen lediglich flüssiger Brennstoff zur Verfügung steht. In der Vorheizphase kann mittels der Druckzerstäuberdüse ohne weiteres der flüssige Brennstoff entzündet werden, der dann flüssigen Brennstoff in dem Verdampfer aufheizt, bis dieser verdampft. Sobald dieser Punkt erreicht ist, wird der verdampfte Brennstoff durch die Hauptdüse in den Brennraum eingeleitet und trägt ab diesem Zeitpunkt den Brennvorgang, so daß nach der Beendung der Vorheizphase die Druckzerstäuberdüse geschlossen werden kann (DE-A-37 18 994).Pressure evaporator burners of this type are preferably used in field cookers where only liquid fuel is available. In the preheating phase, the liquid fuel can easily be ignited by means of the pressure atomizing nozzle, which then heats up liquid fuel in the evaporator until it evaporates. As soon as this point is reached, the vaporized fuel is introduced into the combustion chamber through the main nozzle and from then on carries the combustion process, so that the pressure atomizing nozzle can be closed after the preheating phase has ended (DE-A-37 18 994).

Es sind daneben Brenner bekannt, die außer mit flüssigem Brennstoff auch mit Gas betrieben werden können. Bei einem bekannten Brenner ist dazu ein Gasbrenner-Umrüsteinsatz vorgesehen, der in den Brenner eingebaut werden muß, wenn auf Gasbetrieb umgestellt werden soll (DE-A-36 04 314). Dies ist umständlich und ermöglicht nicht sofort die Umstellung von flüssigem Brennstoff auf gasförmigen Brennstoff.In addition, burners are known which can also be operated with gas in addition to liquid fuel. In a known burner, a gas burner conversion insert is provided, which must be installed in the burner if it is to be switched to gas operation (DE-A-36 04 314). This is cumbersome and does not immediately enable the switch from liquid fuel to gaseous fuel.

Bei anderen bekannten Brennern sind separate Ringkammern vorgesehen, durch die alternativ gasförmiger Brennstoff zugeführt werden kann (DE-A-35 12 702, DE-B-271 636). Dies bedingt gegenüber einem reinen Brenner für flüssige Brennstoffe eine erhebliche Abänderung der Konstruktion, die durch die genannten Ringkammern wesentlich komplizierter wird. In ähnlicher Weise ist bei einem weiteren bekannten Brenner eine separate, zwischen zwei Blenden angeordnete Kammer für eine zusätzliche Gaszufuhr vorgesehen (EP-B1 0 048 438).In other known burners, separate annular chambers are provided, through which gaseous fuel can alternatively be supplied (DE-A-35 12 702, DE-B-271 636). Compared to a pure burner for liquid fuels, this requires a considerable change in the design, which is considerably more complicated due to the ring chambers mentioned. Similarly, in a further known burner, a separate chamber arranged between two orifices is provided for an additional gas supply (EP-B1 0 048 438).

Es ist auch ein Druckverdampferbrenner für fossile, flüssige Brennstoffe bekannt, der eine zweite Düse für gasförmigen Brennstoff aufweist (GB-A-1027864). Bei dieser Konstruktion ist vorgesehen, daß der Austritt aus dieser Düse an der Unterseite des Brennraums angeordnet ist, so daß hohe Temperaturen im Bereich des Verdampfers auftreten. Dadurch kann ein solcher Brenner nicht als Gasbrenner betrieben werden, wenn in der Verdampferleitung noch flüssiger Brennstoff vom vorhergehenden Brennvorgang verbleibt, da sich dieser Brennstoff aufgrund der hohen Temperaturen zersetzen und die Verdampferleitung verstopfen würde. Es ist daher nicht ohne weiteres möglich, mit dieser bekannten Konstruktion von der Betriebsart mit flüssigen Brennstoffen ohne weiteres umzuschalten auf die Betriebsart mit gasförmigen Brennstoffen.A pressure evaporator burner for fossil, liquid fuels is also known, which has a second nozzle for gaseous fuel (GB-A-1027864). In this construction it is provided that the outlet from this nozzle is arranged on the underside of the combustion chamber, so that high temperatures occur in the area of the evaporator. As a result, such a burner cannot be operated as a gas burner if liquid fuel from the previous combustion process still remains in the evaporator line, since this fuel would decompose due to the high temperatures and would block the evaporator line. It is therefore not readily possible with this known construction to switch from the operating mode with liquid fuels to the operating mode with gaseous fuels without further ado.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen an sich für flüssige Brennstoffe konzipierten Druckverdampferbrenner so abzuändern, daß bei geringstem Konstruktionsaufwand wahlweise auch ohne Umbauten vom Flüssigbrennstoffbetrieb auf den Gasbrennstoffbetrieb und umgekehrt umgeschaltet werden kann.It is an object of the invention to modify a pressure evaporator burner designed per se for liquid fuels in such a way that, with the least design effort, it is also possible to switch from liquid fuel operation to gas fuel operation and vice versa without any modifications.

Diese Aufgabe wird bei einem Druckverdampferbrenner der eingangs beschriebenen Art erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß an der Unterseite des zylindrischen Brennraumes eine weitere Düse für gasförmige Brennstoffe angeordnet ist, die aus einer unabhängigen Versorgungsleitung mit gasförmigem Brennstoff gespeist wird, und daß sich unmittelbar an die Düse für gasförmigen Brennstoff ein den Brennraum durchsetzendes, bis an dessen oberes Ende unterhalb des Diffusors reichendes Rohrstück anschließt.This object is achieved according to the invention in a pressure evaporator burner of the type described in the introduction in that a further nozzle for gaseous fuels is arranged on the underside of the cylindrical combustion chamber, which nozzle is fed with gaseous fuel from an independent supply line, and in that it directly contacts the nozzle for gaseous fuel Fuel connects a pipe section passing through the combustion chamber and reaching to its upper end below the diffuser.

Dieses Rohrstück führt den gasförmigen Brennstoff von der Düse bis zum Diffusor, so daß erst im Bereich des Diffusors eine Verbrennung des gasförmigen Brennstoffes erfolgt. Dadurch wird vermieden, daß im Bereich des Verdampfers besonders hohe Temperaturen entstehen, die den im Verdampfer verbliebenen flüssigen Brennstoff zersetzen können. Der flüssige Brennstoff im Verdampfer bleibt in seiner Zusammensetzung erhalten, so daß jederzeit wieder auf Betrieb mit flüssigem Brennstoff umgestellt werden kann, ohne daß eine Verkokung der Verdampferleitung erfolgen wird.This pipe section leads the gaseous fuel from the nozzle to the diffuser, so that combustion of the gaseous fuel only occurs in the area of the diffuser he follows. This avoids the occurrence of particularly high temperatures in the area of the evaporator, which can decompose the liquid fuel remaining in the evaporator. The composition of the liquid fuel in the evaporator is retained so that it can be switched back to operation with liquid fuel at any time without the evaporator line being coked.

Es ist auch vorteilhaft, wenn das Rohrstück in seinem unteren Endbereich Wanddurchbrechungen aufweist. Durch diese Wanddurchbrechungen wird Luft angesaugt, so daß das Rohrstück als Mischstrecke für den gasförmigen Brennstoff dient, der auf diese Weise bereits im brennfähigen Verhältnis das Ende des Rohrstückes erreicht. Es kann vorgesehen sein, daß die Druckzerstäüberdüse, die Hauptdüse, die Düse für den gasförmigen Brennstoff und gegebenenfalls eine Luftdüse in einem gemeinsamen Düsenblock am unteren Ende des Brennraumes angeordnet sind. Dadurch wird eine kompakte und sehr leicht montierbare Konstruktion erreicht.It is also advantageous if the pipe section has wall openings in its lower end region. Air is drawn in through these wall openings so that the pipe section serves as a mixing section for the gaseous fuel, which in this way already reaches the end of the pipe section in a combustible ratio. It can be provided that the pressure atomizing nozzle, the main nozzle, the nozzle for the gaseous fuel and optionally an air nozzle are arranged in a common nozzle block at the lower end of the combustion chamber. This results in a compact and very easy to assemble construction.

Der Verdampfer kann von einer schraubenförmig an der Wand des Brennraumes entlanggeführten Rohrleitung gebildet sein.The evaporator can be formed by a helical pipe running along the wall of the combustion chamber.

Vorteilhaft ist es auch, wenn sich an der Innenseite des Verdampfers ein Einsatz in Form eines konzentrisch zur Wand des Brennraumes angeordneten Rohrstückes befindet, welches vorzugsweise den Diffusor trägt.It is also advantageous if there is an insert on the inside of the evaporator in the form of a pipe section which is arranged concentrically with the wall of the combustion chamber and which preferably carries the diffuser.

Die nachfolgende Beschreibung einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung dient im Zusammenhang mit der Zeichnung der näheren Erläuterung. Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Schnittansicht eines Druckverdampferbrenners für kombinierten Einsatz mit flüssigem oder gasförmigem Brennstoff und
Fig. 2
eine Schnittansicht längs Linie 2-2 in Fig. 1
The following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention serves in conjunction with the drawing the detailed explanation. Show it:
Fig. 1
is a schematic sectional view of a pressure evaporator burner for combined use with liquid or gaseous fuel and
Fig. 2
a sectional view taken along line 2-2 in Fig. 1st

Der in der Zeichnung dargestellte Druckverdampferbrenner umfaßt einen Düsenblock 1 mit einer senkrecht nach oben gerichteten Hauptdüse 2 für dampfförmigen Brennstoff, die diesen in einen sich nach oben kegelförmig erweiternden Bereich abgibt. Außerdem ist in dem Düsenblock eine Druckzerstäüberdüse 3 angeordnet, die über eine Zufuhrleitung 4 unmittelbar mit einer in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Vorratsquelle für flüssigen Brennstoff verbunden ist. Daneben ist in dem Düsenblock weiterhin eine Lüftdüse 5 vorgesehen, die ihrerseits über eine Luftleitung 5a mit einer in der Zeichnung ebenfalls nicht dargestellten Quelle für komprimierte Luft verbunden ist, beispielsweise einem Tank für komprimierte Luft oder einer Luftpumpe.The pressure evaporator burner shown in the drawing comprises a nozzle block 1 with a main nozzle 2, directed vertically upwards, for vaporous fuel, which delivers it into a region which widens conically upwards. In addition, a pressure atomizing nozzle 3 is arranged in the nozzle block and is connected via a feed line 4 directly to a supply source for liquid fuel, not shown in the drawing. In addition, a venting nozzle 5 is also provided in the nozzle block, which in turn is connected via an air line 5a to a source for compressed air, also not shown in the drawing, for example a tank for compressed air or an air pump.

Oberhalb des Düsenblocks 1 ist konzentrisch zur Achse der Hauptdüse 2 eine zylinderförmige Wand 6 angeordnet, die von dem Düsenblock 1 einen Abstand hat und an der Unterseite offen ist. Im Inneren dieser Wand 6 befindet sich koaxial zu dieser eine weitere zylinderförmige Innenwand 7, die von der Wand 6 einen Abstand einhält, so daß zwischen der Wand 6 und der Innenwand 7 ein Ringraum 8 ausgebildet ist. Die Innenwand 7 steht nach unten aus der Wand 6 hervor und weist einen gegenüber der Längsachse abgeschrägten unteren Rand 9 auf. Dadurch ist die Innenwand 7 auf einer Seite weiter heruntergezogen, diese Seite liegt der Position der Druckzerstäuberdüse 3 und der Luftdüse 5 diametral gegenüber, die ihrerseits von der von der Hauptdüse 2 definierten Mittelachse der Innenwand 7 einen Abstand einnehmen. Die Druckzerstäuberdüse 3 und die Luftdüse 5 sind in Richtung auf die Achse der Hauptdüse 2 etwas geneigt, so daß die aus ihnen austretenden Strahlen in den Innenraum 10 eintreten können, der durch die Innenwand 7 definiert wird. Durch die Abschrägung der Innenwand 7 wird dieser Eintritt möglich, obwohl die Druckzerstäuberdüse 3 und die Luftdüse 5 seitlich gegenüber der Längsmittelachse des Innenraumes 10 versetzt sind.A cylindrical wall 6 is arranged above the nozzle block 1 concentrically to the axis of the main nozzle 2 and is at a distance from the nozzle block 1 and is open on the underside. Inside this wall 6 there is coaxial to this another cylindrical inner wall 7, which maintains a distance from the wall 6, so that an annular space 8 is formed between the wall 6 and the inner wall 7 is. The inner wall 7 protrudes downward from the wall 6 and has a lower edge 9 which is bevelled with respect to the longitudinal axis. As a result, the inner wall 7 is pulled further down on one side; this side is diametrically opposite the position of the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5, which in turn are at a distance from the central axis of the inner wall 7 defined by the main nozzle 2. The pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5 are inclined somewhat in the direction of the axis of the main nozzle 2, so that the jets emerging from them can enter the interior 10, which is defined by the inner wall 7. This entry is made possible by the beveling of the inner wall 7, although the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5 are laterally offset with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the interior 10.

Der Ringraum 8 ist an der Oberseite verschlossen, die nach oben über die Wand 6 hervorragende Innenwand 7 trägt einen sich erweiternden Diffusor 11 mit seitlichen Flammaustrittsöffnungen 12.The annular space 8 is closed at the top, the inner wall 7, which projects upwards above the wall 6, carries an expanding diffuser 11 with lateral flame outlet openings 12.

Eine Zufuhrleitung 13 für flüssigen Brennstoff ist in dem Ringraum 8 in Form einer Wendel 14 verlegt und führt über eine Verbindungsleitung 15 zu der Hauptdüse 2.A feed line 13 for liquid fuel is laid in the annular space 8 in the form of a helix 14 and leads to the main nozzle 2 via a connecting line 15.

In dem Düsenblock 1 befindet sich eine zusätzliche Gasdüse 16, die ebenfalls nach oben in den Innenraum 10 gerichtet ist und die über eine Gaszufuhrleitung 17 mit einem in der Zeichnung nicht dargestellten Vorrat für gasförmigen Brennstoff verbunden ist, beispielsweise mit einem öffentlichen Gasnetz oder einer Gasflasche. Unmittelbar an die Gasdüse 16 schließt sich ein senkrecht nach oben durch den Innenraum 10 hindurchführendes Rohrstück 18 an, welches am oberen Ende der Innenwand 7 im Bereich des Diffusors 11 endet und welches an seinem unteren, der Gasdüse 16 benachbarten Ende 19 Wanddurchbrüche 20 aufweist, durch die Umgebungsluft angesaugt werden kann.In the nozzle block 1 there is an additional gas nozzle 16 which is also directed upwards into the interior 10 and which via a gas supply line 17 with a supply of gaseous substances, not shown in the drawing Fuel is connected, for example with a public gas network or a gas bottle. Immediately adjacent to the gas nozzle 16 is a pipe section 18 which extends vertically upwards through the interior 10 and which ends at the upper end of the inner wall 7 in the region of the diffuser 11 and which has wall openings 20 at its lower end 19 adjacent to the gas nozzle 16 the ambient air can be sucked in.

Im normalen Betrieb mit flüssigem Brennstoff muß der Brenner vorgeheizt werden. Zu diesem Zweck wird der flüssige Brennstoff zunächst über die Druckzerstäuberdüse 3 in den einen Brennraum bildenden Innenraum 10 eingespritzt, wobei die Brennstoffteilchen durch die Druckzerstäuberdüse zu feinsten Tröpfchen zerstäubt werden. Gleichzeitig wird durch die Luftdüse 5 Luft eingespritzt, dieses brennfähige Gemisch wird dann entzündet und brennt im Innenraum 10. Dabei wird die Wendel 14 aufgeheizt, in der sich ebenfalls flüssiger Brennstoff befindet. Dieser flüssige Brennstoff verdampft durch die Aufheizung, so daß nach der Beendigung der Vorheizphase und nach Öffnung der Hauptdüse 2 verdampfter Brennstoff aus dieser in den Innenraum 10 eintritt, der in diesem Innenraum brennt und im weiteren Betrieb den nachgeführten flüssigen Brennstoff in der Wendel 14 laufend verdampft. Die Vorheizphase ist damit beendet, die Druckzerstäüberdüse 3 und die Luftdüse 5 können geschlossen werden, da der aus der Hauptdüse austretende Strom des verdampften Brennstoffes aus der Umgebung ausreichend Verbrennungsluft ansaugt.The burner must be preheated in normal operation with liquid fuel. For this purpose, the liquid fuel is first injected via the pressure atomizer nozzle 3 into the interior 10 forming a combustion chamber, the fuel particles being atomized into very fine droplets by the pressure atomizer nozzle. At the same time, air is injected through the air nozzle 5, this combustible mixture is then ignited and burns in the interior 10. The coil 14 is heated, in which liquid fuel is also located. This liquid fuel evaporates through the heating, so that after the end of the preheating phase and after opening the main nozzle 2 evaporated fuel from this enters the interior 10, which burns in this interior and continuously evaporates the liquid fuel in the coil 14 in further operation . The preheating phase is ended, the pressure atomizing nozzle 3 and the air nozzle 5 can be closed, since the stream of the vaporized fuel emerging from the main nozzle draws sufficient combustion air from the surroundings.

Wird alternativ dazu der Betrieb dieses Brenners mit gasförmigem Brennstoff gewünscht, genügt es, die für den Betrieb mit flüssigem Brennstoff notwendigen Düsen zu schließen und stattdessen Gas über die Gasdüse 16 austreten zu lassen. Dieses wird durch das Rohrstück 18 bis in den Diffusor geleitet und kann dort entzündet werden, wobei die Flammen in diesem Falle nach dem Austritt aus den Flammaustrittsöffnungen 12 brennen, der Diffusor wirkt insoweit als Flammhalter. Das brennfähige Gasgemisch entsteht im wesentlichen bereits in dem Rohrstück 18, das durch die Wanddurchbrüche 20 Luft ansaugt und diese auf dem Weg bis zum Diffusor mit dem gasförmigen Brennstoff vermischt. Eine weitere Luftansaugung erfolgt im Bereich des Austritts aus dem Rohrstück 18.If, alternatively, the operation of this burner with gaseous fuel is desired, it is sufficient for the operation to close necessary nozzles with liquid fuel and instead to let gas escape through the gas nozzle 16. This is passed through the pipe section 18 into the diffuser and can be ignited there, the flames burning in this case after exiting the flame outlet openings 12, the diffuser acting as a flame holder. The combustible gas mixture essentially arises already in the pipe section 18, which sucks in air through the wall openings 20 and mixes it with the gaseous fuel on the way to the diffuser. A further air intake takes place in the area of the outlet from the pipe section 18.

Der beschriebene Brenner ermöglicht es ohne Umbauten und ohne komplizierte Konstruktionsänderungen einen Druckverdampferbrenner wahlweise als Brenner für Flüssigbrennstoff oder als normalen Gasbrenner einzusetzen, wobei die Umstellung jederzeit allein durch Öffnen und Schließen der entsprechenden Zufuhrleitungen vorgenommen werden kann. Die Konstruktion ist außerordentlich robust und daher auch für den praktischen Einsatz in Feldkochherden etc. gut geeignet.The described burner makes it possible to use a pressure evaporator burner either as a burner for liquid fuel or as a normal gas burner without conversions and without complicated design changes, the changeover being able to be carried out at any time simply by opening and closing the corresponding supply lines. The construction is extremely robust and therefore also well suited for practical use in field cookers etc.

Claims (6)

  1. Pressurized vaporizing burner, in particular for camping stoves, having a substantially cylindrical, vertical burning chamber which is surrounded by a wall and is open on the underside, having a pressurized atomizer nozzle arranged on the underside of the burning chamber for liquid fuel for the preheating operation and a main nozzle for vaporized fuel for normal operation, and having a vaporizer which is arranged in the burning chamber and guides the liquid fuel from a supply line to the main nozzle, the burning chamber bearing a diffuser at its open, upper end, characterized in that a further nozzle (16) for gaseous fuels is arranged on the underside of the cylindrical burning chamber (10) and is fed with gaseous fuel from an independent supply line (17), and in that a pipe section (18) which passes through the burning chamber (10) as far as the upper end thereof below the diffuser (11) directly adjoins the nozzle (16) for gaseous fuel.
  2. Burner according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pipe section (18) has wall apertures (20) in its lower end region (19).
  3. Burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pressurized atomizer nozzle (3), the main nozzle (2), the nozzle (16) for the gaseous fuel and where appropriate an air nozzle (5) are arranged in a common nozzle block (1) at the lower end of the burning chamber (10).
  4. Burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the vaporizer is formed by a pipeline (14) guided helically along against the wall of the burning chamber (10).
  5. Burner according to Claim 4, characterized in that there is an insert in the form of a pipe section arranged concentrically with respect to the wall of the burning chamber (10) on the inside of the vaporizer (14).
  6. Burner according to Claim 5, characterized in that the pipe section (7) carries the diffuser (11).
EP90114904A 1989-08-17 1990-08-03 Pressurized vaporising burner, particularly for field ranges Expired - Lifetime EP0413214B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3927159A DE3927159C2 (en) 1989-08-17 1989-08-17 Pressure evaporator burner, especially for field cookers
DE3927159 1989-08-17

Publications (3)

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EP0413214A2 EP0413214A2 (en) 1991-02-20
EP0413214A3 EP0413214A3 (en) 1991-05-15
EP0413214B1 true EP0413214B1 (en) 1994-12-14

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EP90114904A Expired - Lifetime EP0413214B1 (en) 1989-08-17 1990-08-03 Pressurized vaporising burner, particularly for field ranges

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EP (1) EP0413214B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3927159C2 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITRM20050260A1 (en) * 2005-05-25 2005-08-24 Luca Bidolli DEVICE FOR BURNING LIQUID LIQUID FUELS.
DE102006034479B4 (en) * 2006-07-26 2010-08-19 Holger Dr. Meyer Process for the evaporation and combustion of liquid fuel
CN102954465A (en) * 2011-08-26 2013-03-06 曾寿塘 Combustor
JP2016223641A (en) * 2015-05-27 2016-12-28 日野自動車株式会社 burner

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE271636C (en) *
US2097771A (en) * 1936-07-23 1937-11-02 Hauck Mfg Co Combined atomizing and vaporizing torch
GB1027864A (en) * 1963-02-11 1966-04-27 Maywick Appliances Ltd Improvements in liquid fuel heaters
DE2807922A1 (en) * 1974-11-12 1979-08-30 Anton Lurz Vapour burner with variable vaporising heat input - has adjustable sleeve to vary proportion of flame deflected onto vaporising chamber
US4128388A (en) * 1977-05-12 1978-12-05 Challenge-Cook Bros., Inc. Geyseric burner assembly and method for combusting fuels
DE3035707A1 (en) * 1980-09-22 1982-04-08 Deutsche Forschungs- und Versuchsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V., 5000 Köln OIL AND GAS BURNERS FOR INSTALLATION IN HEATING AND STEAM GENERATING BOILERS
DE3223108C2 (en) * 1982-06-21 1985-08-01 Progress-Werk Oberkirch Ag, 7602 Oberkirch Evaporation oil burner
EP0097315B1 (en) * 1982-06-21 1987-03-18 Progress-Werk Oberkirch Ag Oil burner arrangement for field ranges
DE3512702A1 (en) * 1985-04-09 1986-10-09 Martin 6349 Mittenaar Gabriel Burner for liquid and gaseous fuels on a heating boiler
DE3604314A1 (en) * 1986-02-12 1987-08-13 Webasto Werk Baier Kg W Heating apparatus, in particular additional heating apparatus
DE3718994A1 (en) * 1987-06-06 1988-12-22 Kaercher Gmbh & Co Alfred Pressure evaporation burner, preferably for use in a field cooking stove

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3927159C2 (en) 1994-06-09
DE59007996D1 (en) 1995-01-26
EP0413214A2 (en) 1991-02-20
EP0413214A3 (en) 1991-05-15
DE3927159A1 (en) 1991-02-21

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