EP0412897A1 - Zweistufengeschütz mit pyrotechnischer Treibladung und elektrischer Zündung - Google Patents

Zweistufengeschütz mit pyrotechnischer Treibladung und elektrischer Zündung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0412897A1
EP0412897A1 EP90402252A EP90402252A EP0412897A1 EP 0412897 A1 EP0412897 A1 EP 0412897A1 EP 90402252 A EP90402252 A EP 90402252A EP 90402252 A EP90402252 A EP 90402252A EP 0412897 A1 EP0412897 A1 EP 0412897A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
tubes
internal wall
tube
electro
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90402252A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0412897B1 (de
Inventor
Michel Roche
André Nicolas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
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Publication of EP0412897A1 publication Critical patent/EP0412897A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0412897B1 publication Critical patent/EP0412897B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/08—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile modified for electric ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/02—Hypervelocity missile propulsion using successive means for increasing the propulsive force, e.g. using successively initiated propellant charges arranged along the barrel length; Multistage missile propulsion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A19/00—Firing or trigger mechanisms; Cocking mechanisms
    • F41A19/58—Electric firing mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/10—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet
    • F42B5/105—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile with self-propelled bullet propelled by two propulsive charges, the rearwardly situated one being separated from the rest of the projectile during flight or in the barrel; Projectiles with self-ejecting cartridge cases

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electro-thermal two-stage launcher making it possible to achieve very high launching speeds of a projectile.
  • An electro-thermal launcher of known type that is to say with a single launch stage, comprises an electrically conductive tube, an electrode extending through the closure cover of the rear of the tube and opening into it. tube, the electrode being separated from the cover by an insulating joint at potential differences of a few tens of kilovolts.
  • An electrical circuit connects the electrode to the tube; it consists of a switch and a charged capacitor. When the switch closes, the capacitor discharges and an electric spark appears between the tube and the electrode opening into the latter. This spark detonates an explosive charge which is located near the cover and which sets a projectile in motion.
  • the speed that can be imparted to projectiles with such a launcher is limited under penalty of destroying the tube and the closure cover thereof. This speed is between 2 and 4 km / s in practice.
  • the invention makes it possible to avoid these drawbacks by combining a projectile of particular constitution and an electro-thermal launcher adapted to this projectile.
  • This launcher includes: - a first electrically conductive tube having an internal wall called the first internal wall, a first device for igniting a first explosive charge placed in the first tube, - a projectile, and it is characterized in that it further comprises: a second electrically conductive tube having an internal wall called the second internal wall and extending the first internal wall, - an electrically insulating sheath separating the two tubes, the projectile also being composed of a rear part, a front part and an envelope joining the rear part and the front part and containing a second explosive charge, the projectile being overall electrically conductive and long enough to occupy a firing position in which it is in contact with the first internal wall by its rear part and in contact with the second internal wall by its front part, and - a second device for igniting the second explosive charge, which includes electrical circuits to create a difference in electrical potential between the two tubes, identify that the projectile occupies the ignition position and then produce the explosion of the second explosive charge by passage of electric current between the rear and front parts
  • the projectile can be notched with longitudinal grooves on its lateral surface.
  • the second firing device may include an electrical circuit composed of a switch and a charged capacitor and connecting the two tubes as well as another circuit also connecting the two tubes and capable of producing a closing signal of the switch when the two tubes are short-circuited by the projectile.
  • the launcher comprises a first electrically conductive tube 1 having an internal wall called the first internal wall 3 which is cylindrical.
  • One end of the tube 1 is provided with a closure cover 2 which is bolted to it.
  • the cover 2 is bored in its center to leave sufficient space for an electrode 4 which passes right through it and which is separated from it by an electrically insulating seal 5; one end 6 of the electrode 4 opens into the first tube 1.
  • the other end 7 of the electrode 4 is electrically isolated from the external surface of the first tube 1 and connected by means of an electrical line 8 to a terminal of a first capacitor 9, the other terminal of which is connected to the first tube 1 via a first switch 10.
  • the assembly of the line 8, the first switch 10 and the first capacitor 9 constitutes a first firing device 11.
  • a first explosive charge 12 is found in the first tube 1 near the first end 6 of the electrode 4.
  • the section of the first tube 1 is bevelled, that is to say that, opposite to the cover 2, its outer wall 13 becomes conical and its thickness becomes increasingly thin.
  • This conical outer wall 13 is covered with an electrically insulating sheath 14 in the form of a conical sleeve, itself covered by a conical inner surface 15 of a second electrically conductive tube 16 which has a cylindrical internal wall 17 which is called the second wall internal, which is an extension of the first wall internal 3 and which has the same diameter as the latter.
  • the first and second tubes 1 and 16 are electrically insulated from each other in normal times by the insulating sleeve 14 and are joined by an electrical firing assembly 20 which comprises a first electrical circuit formed by a second switch 21 and a second capacitor 22 arranged in series on the same line 23 connecting the first and second tubes 1 and 16; the second switch 21 is located between the second capacitor 22 and the second tube 16.
  • the electrical assembly 20 further comprises: (a) a second electrical circuit formed by a first electrical resistance 24 whose terminals are respectively connected to the terminals of the second switch 21, (b) on a line 25 connecting the second tube 16 to the first tube 1, a second resistor 26 and a third capacitor 27 mounted in parallel, then a third resistor 28 in series and (c) an output line 29 beginning between the second and third resistors 26 and 28 and supplying an amplifier stage 30 whose output controls the switch 21.
  • the projectile 40 comprises a rear part 41 on the side of the cover 2 and a front part 42.
  • the rear and front parts 41 and 42 are electrically conductive and connected to each other by a cylindrical envelope 43 of electrically insulating material which contains a second explosive charge 44
  • the length of the cylindrical envelope 43 is sufficient so that, in a position shown in FIG. 1, the rear part 41 is in contact with the first tube 1 and the front part 42 with the second tube 16.
  • the projectile 40 can be provided laterally with longitudinal grooves 45, the section of which preferably is decreases from back to front.
  • This arrangement makes it possible to avoid crushing the cylindrical envelope 43 during the explosion of the first charge 12: the overpressure then enters the longitudinal grooves 45 and produces centripetal radial forces on the cylindrical envelope 43 and consolidates it. -with respect to the longitudinal forces produced by this overpressure via the rear part 41.
  • the section of the splines 45 makes it possible to adjust the pressure drops.
  • the optimal radial pressure on the cylindrical casing 43 is equal to half of the longitudinal pressure exerted on the rear part 41.
  • the section of the splines 45 shrinks forward - in order to avoid too much of the explosion energy of the first charge 12 being lost - and that the splines 45 are replaced , at the level of the envelope 43, by a continuous annular clearance between this envelope 43 and the internal walls 3 and 17, which makes it possible to obtain a good circumferential distribution of the radial pressures.
  • FIG. 2 represents a slightly different design of the launcher according to the invention.
  • the first tube referenced here 101 and the second tube referenced here 116 are not bevelled but joined end to end and connected by means of an electrically insulating sleeve or sleeve 114 of general biconical shape, that is to say the thickness of which increases when one goes towards the respective internal walls 103 and 117 of the tubes 101 and 116.
  • the insulating sleeve 14 or 114 defines between the internal walls 3 and 17 (or 103 and 117) a separation interval longer than the front part 42 of the projectile 40 and substantially the length of the cylindrical envelope 43.
  • the tubes 1 and 16 are assembled by force fitting; in that of FIG. 2, the tubes 101 and 116 are provided with a clamping system produced for example by means of two flanges 120 and 121 on either side of the insulating sheath 114 and joined by insulating bolts 122.
  • the launching of the projectile 40 (FIG. 1), first of all in contact with the first charge 12, takes place as follows.
  • the firing is triggered in a manner known per se when the first switch 10 is closed: the first capacitor 9, charged beforehand, discharges and a spark is created between the electrode 4 and the first tube 1, which detonates the first charge 12.
  • the projectile 40 is then propelled forward and quickly arrives at the position shown in FIG. 1, where its rear part 41 faces the first tube 3 and the front part 42 faces the second tube 17.
  • the projectile 40 achieves then a short circuit between the first and second tubes 1 and 16, which are at slightly different potentials, of a few tens of volts.
  • the electrical assembly 20 makes it possible to take part of the potential difference of the second capacitor 22, previously charged, to apply it between the first and second tubes 16.
  • a signal characterized by an increase in step and an exponential decrease traverses the output line 29 and, after amplification by the amplifier stage 30, makes it possible to close the second switch 21 in an extremely short time.
  • the second capacitor 22 then discharges, which causes a spark between the rear 41 and front 42 parts of the projectile 40: the second charge 44 is fired.
  • the cylindrical envelope 43 is then torn and the front part 42 projected at an increased speed.
  • the final speed may be several times higher than that obtained on the first launch stage.
  • a favorable case is moreover that for which the rear parts 41 and front 42 have the same mass, which makes it possible, with a second load 44 of appropriate size, to finally cancel the kinetic energy of the rear part 41.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Generation Of Surge Voltage And Current (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)
EP19900402252 1989-08-08 1990-08-06 Zweistufengeschütz mit pyrotechnischer Treibladung und elektrischer Zündung Expired - Lifetime EP0412897B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8910655A FR2650882B1 (fr) 1989-08-08 1989-08-08 Lanceur electrothermique a deux etages
FR8910655 1989-08-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0412897A1 true EP0412897A1 (de) 1991-02-13
EP0412897B1 EP0412897B1 (de) 1993-11-03

Family

ID=9384566

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19900402252 Expired - Lifetime EP0412897B1 (de) 1989-08-08 1990-08-06 Zweistufengeschütz mit pyrotechnischer Treibladung und elektrischer Zündung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0412897B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69004377T2 (de)
FR (1) FR2650882B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2287778A (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-27 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Hybrid cannon
US6237494B1 (en) * 1997-09-24 2001-05-29 Giat Industries Ignition component for a pyrotechnic composition or propellant charge
EP1126233A2 (de) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-22 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Treibladungskartusche mit einem mehrstufigen Anzündsystem
EP1286126A1 (de) * 2001-08-02 2003-02-26 RUAG Munition Bereitstellung der Zündenergie sowie trennung der energiezuleitung beim Abschuss eines Munitionskorpers
EP1877718A1 (de) * 2005-05-03 2008-01-16 BAE Systems Bofors AB Anordnung zur übertragung von elektrischer energie in einer waffe

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR917369A (fr) * 1945-11-14 1947-01-06 Dispositif spécial de lancement des projectiles d'arme à feu
US3013472A (en) * 1958-12-04 1961-12-19 Kahn Henry High velocity multi-stage guns
US3388633A (en) * 1967-02-01 1968-06-18 Army Usa Multi-staged ballistic device
US3413888A (en) * 1966-09-14 1968-12-03 Victor B. Kaley Electrically-actuated cartridge
DE1936973A1 (de) * 1969-06-27 1971-02-18 Arama S A Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abfeuern von Geschossen aus Rohren und Laeufen

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR917369A (fr) * 1945-11-14 1947-01-06 Dispositif spécial de lancement des projectiles d'arme à feu
US3013472A (en) * 1958-12-04 1961-12-19 Kahn Henry High velocity multi-stage guns
US3413888A (en) * 1966-09-14 1968-12-03 Victor B. Kaley Electrically-actuated cartridge
US3388633A (en) * 1967-02-01 1968-06-18 Army Usa Multi-staged ballistic device
DE1936973A1 (de) * 1969-06-27 1971-02-18 Arama S A Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abfeuern von Geschossen aus Rohren und Laeufen

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2287778A (en) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-27 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Hybrid cannon
FR2717888A1 (fr) * 1994-03-25 1995-09-29 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Canon hybride électrothermique à poudre.
US5546844A (en) * 1994-03-25 1996-08-20 Rheinmetall Industrie Gmbh Hybrid propellant/electrothermal gun
GB2287778B (en) * 1994-03-25 1997-12-24 Rheinmetall Ind Gmbh Hybrid cannon
US6237494B1 (en) * 1997-09-24 2001-05-29 Giat Industries Ignition component for a pyrotechnic composition or propellant charge
EP1126233A2 (de) * 2000-02-14 2001-08-22 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Treibladungskartusche mit einem mehrstufigen Anzündsystem
EP1126233A3 (de) * 2000-02-14 2002-03-27 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Treibladungskartusche mit einem mehrstufigen Anzündsystem
US7047885B1 (en) 2000-02-14 2006-05-23 Alliant Techsystems Inc. Multiple pulse cartridge ignition system
EP1286126A1 (de) * 2001-08-02 2003-02-26 RUAG Munition Bereitstellung der Zündenergie sowie trennung der energiezuleitung beim Abschuss eines Munitionskorpers
EP1877718A1 (de) * 2005-05-03 2008-01-16 BAE Systems Bofors AB Anordnung zur übertragung von elektrischer energie in einer waffe
EP1877718A4 (de) * 2005-05-03 2011-05-18 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Anordnung zur übertragung von elektrischer energie in einer waffe

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0412897B1 (de) 1993-11-03
FR2650882B1 (fr) 1994-04-01
FR2650882A1 (fr) 1991-02-15
DE69004377D1 (de) 1993-12-09
DE69004377T2 (de) 1994-05-11

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