EP0408547B1 - Procede de production d'un fertilisant - Google Patents

Procede de production d'un fertilisant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0408547B1
EP0408547B1 EP88902882A EP88902882A EP0408547B1 EP 0408547 B1 EP0408547 B1 EP 0408547B1 EP 88902882 A EP88902882 A EP 88902882A EP 88902882 A EP88902882 A EP 88902882A EP 0408547 B1 EP0408547 B1 EP 0408547B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seaweed
digester
process according
slurry
animal manure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88902882A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0408547A1 (fr
Inventor
Roger West
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clearfield NV
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Clearfield NV
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Publication date
Application filed by Clearfield NV filed Critical Clearfield NV
Priority to AT88902882T priority Critical patent/ATE86238T1/de
Publication of EP0408547A1 publication Critical patent/EP0408547A1/fr
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Publication of EP0408547B1 publication Critical patent/EP0408547B1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
    • C12P27/00—Preparation of compounds containing a gibbane ring system, e.g. gibberellin
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
    • A01N65/03—Algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the production of fertiliser and more especially to a method of producing a concentrated stable liquid fertiliser by the anaerobic microbial conversion of a mixture of livestock manure and seaweed.
  • seaweed and animal manures are recognised for their fertiliser value in the cultivation of plants. Both contain the principal plant nutrients nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plus many minor elements (e.g. Magnesium, sulphur, sodium, calcium, zinc, iron, copper and manganese).
  • seaweed is known to contain a range of chemical substances which are collectively known as plant growth hormones (e.g. cytokinins, gibberellins and betaines).
  • a liquid fertiliser can be produced from seaweed by autoclaving seaweed meal at a temperature above 100°C and at superatmospheric pressure in an aqueous solution containing sodium or potassium bicarbonate, see G.B. 664,989.
  • a solution containing most of the nutrients can be obtained by filtration it is not believed to contain the more sensitive plant hormones. It is considered that such hormones would be reduced at such high processing temperatures and pressures.
  • a further disadvantage of this process is that chemicals have to be used to prevent the alginate in the seaweed causing the extracted concentrate to set like a jelly.
  • an anaerobic digester with a starting product as a slurry containing seaweed in a form that contains the desired plant growth hormones and animal manure, with a relatively low ratio between the respective solids contents of the seaweed and animal manure, the resulting digestion process is effective to solubilise not only the inorganic chemicals useful to plant growth but also the plant growth hormones of the seaweed.
  • the ratio of solids contents of the seaweed and animal manure may range, for example, between 1/3 and 3/1 animal manure/seaweed, with the solids content of the feed mixture preferably being in the region of 10-20%.
  • the process of the invention thus involves the use of an anaerobic digester, which is a closed, thermally insulated vessel fitted with facilities for heating and mixing the contents and outlets for digested slurry and biogas (methane and carbon dioxide) which evolves during the fermentation process.
  • anaerobic digester which is a closed, thermally insulated vessel fitted with facilities for heating and mixing the contents and outlets for digested slurry and biogas (methane and carbon dioxide) which evolves during the fermentation process.
  • the digestion can be operated under a batch regime, it is preferable to run the system semi-continuously, feeding and discharging small volumes of slurry several times a day to achieve the required volumetric retention time.
  • the retention time is determined according to the type of feed materials used but is typically in the range 10 to 20 days.
  • Digester operating temperature will be preferably in the mesophilic range, typically around 35°C.
  • Preparation of the digester feed material involves mixing seaweed, preferably in the form of seaweed meal, and livestock manure with, if necessary, additional water to form a slurry.
  • seaweed preferably in the form of seaweed meal
  • livestock manure with, if necessary, additional water to form a slurry.
  • the optimum ratio of seaweed to manure is dependent upon the particular raw materials used and the final product analysis required. The important factor is that the feed composition must be such as to promote the maintenance of healthy microbial populations. For example, the optimum ratio of seaweed to pig manure solds has been found to be around 1:1, with the feed dry solids analysis as high as 13%. There are usually inhibition problems with trying to digest animal slurries at high solids levels due to high ammonia levels.
  • the product of the process may be applied by sprayer as a foliar feed, in which case it is necessary to remove solid particles which would cause blockages.
  • Agricultural sprayers may typically have gauze filters as fine as 150 ⁇ m.
  • Solids removal can be achieved by use of a suitable filtration device such as a vacuum assisted filter belt press, designed to squeeze the liquid through a woven belt with sub 150 ⁇ m apertures.
  • the dewatered solids can be used as the basis for a soil conditioner byproduct.
  • the water is removed without the use of high temperatures.
  • This requirement can be met by the use of the principle of membrane separation in the form of reverse osmosis.
  • the filtrate supplied to the reverse osmosis plant is acidified from its natural pH in the typical range 7.8 - 8.3 to below pH7, for example using orthophosphoric acid or acetic acid. Strongly oxidising acids should be avoided as they are likely to denature the more sensitive growth hormones in the product.
  • the resultant concentrate has a typical dry solids analysis of 15%, with which soluble additives may be blended to meet particular product requirements.
  • Stabilisation of the product can be achieved in two ways. Firstly, acidification of the concentrate, preferably to below pH 6.5, inhibits further microbial acitivity and keeps ammoniacal nitrogen in solution. Secondly, the addition of formaldehyde solution at the rate of up to 2% by volume to the concentrated product acts as a biocide and odour modifier.
  • the process raw materials were pig slurry with a dry solids concentration of 10%, i.e. dung and urine collected beneath slats in an intensive meal-fed pig fattening unit, and commercial Ascophyllum seaweed, in the form of meal with a dried solids content of 89%.
  • Such seaweed meal is commercially available in the form of dried, ground seaweed and is conventionally used for the production of alginate.
  • the blended feed slurry comprised 50% pig solids and 50% seaweed solids with a mixture dry solids concentration of approximately 13%. This was achieved by calculating the solids present in the given volume of pig slurry and adding seaweed meal to give the equivalent dry solids.
  • the anaerobic digester comprises a closed tower 1 provided in the region of the lower end with an inlet 2 through which the starting materials can be pumped from a preliminary mixing tank 3. At the upper end the tower is provided with an outlet 4 for biogas, and a weir 5 constructed in the form of a branched outlet pipe having an upwardly directed vent outlet 6 and a downwardly directed outlet 7 for the product of the digester.
  • the lower region of the tower 1 is provided with an plurality of heat exchangers 8, typically four in number, constructed in the form of hollow tubular jackets through which heating medium can be recirculated via pipe work not shown and connected, for example, to a heating system fired by the biogas product from the digester.
  • the outlet 4 of the digester is coupled on the one hand to an outlet 9 connected to a gas storage system, and on the other hand to an inlet of a recirculating pump 10 by means of which the biogas can be recirculated through injectors 11 directed upwardly into the bases of the vertical hollow heat exchangers 8.
  • a distributor valve 12 may serve to connect each injector 11 in turn to the outlet of the pump 10, so that jets of the biogas are forced through each of the heat exchangers 8 at regular intervals. Efficient dispersal of the solid content of the starting product into the contents of the digester can thus be achieved whilst promoting circulation thereof through the heat exchangers.
  • An anaerobic digester was operated under steady state conditions in a semi-continuous mode, the heat exchangers being controlled to maintain a temperature of 37°C, and the rate of feed of starting product from the mixing tank 3 being such as to achieve hydraulic retention times of 10, 15 and 20 days, depending upon production requirements.
  • the digester was fed hourly during the day, with simultaneous mixing in the manner described above to disperse the feed into the digester contents.
  • Digested slurry with a dry solids content of 8.5% was displaced over the digester overflow weir 5 to a vacuum assisted belt press 13, fitted with a woven textile belt with approximately 125 ⁇ m apertures.
  • the resultant filtered liquid of 4.7% dry solids content was stored in a holding tank 14.
  • Dewatered fibre of 24% dry solids content was also produced as indicated by outlet arrow 15.
  • Concentration of the filtered liquid was achieved by firstly acidifying with orthophosphoric acid to reduce the pH from 7.8 to 6.0, then recirculating through a reverse osmosis unit 16, operating at 40 bar pressure and a temperature of 35°C, until a product solids concentration of 15% was reached, as indicated diagrammatically by outlet arrow 17, waste water being discharged at 18.
  • Product stabilisation and odour modification was achieved by adding 1% v/v formaldehyde solution prior to storage.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour extraire des hormones de croissance de plantes d'algues marines, caractérisé en ce que les algues marines sont amenées à un digesteur anaérobie sous la forme d'une boue en mélange avec du fumier animal, d'où il résulte que les hormones sont obtenues dans la phase liquide du produit du digesteur.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la boue d'algues marines et de fumier animal est préparée en utilisant les algues sous la forme de farine d'algues.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel le fumier animal est du lisier de porc.
  4. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la boue d'algues marines et de fumier animal a un rapport des algues au fumier animal compris entre 1:3 et 3:1 de teneur en solides, en poids.
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 4, dans lequel ledit rapport est environ 1:1.
  6. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, dans lequel le digesteur fonctionne pour procurer un temps de séjour hydraulique du contenu allant de 10 à 20 jours, le contenu du digesteur étant maintenu à la température d'une plage mésophile.
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, dans lequel la température est d'environ 35°C.
  8. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, dans lequel la teneur en solides initiale de la boue d'algues marines et de fumier animal est comprise entre 10 et 15% en poids.
  9. Procédé selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel les solides contenus dans la boue à l'intérieur du digesteur anaérobie sont maintenus en suspension par recyclage forcé du biogaz produit dans le digesteur à travers des buses d'injecteurs situés dans la région inférieure du digesteur.
  10. Produit d'alimentation foliaire organique liquide obtenu par filtration et concentration du produit du procédé de digestion selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9.
EP88902882A 1988-03-28 1988-03-28 Procede de production d'un fertilisant Expired - Lifetime EP0408547B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88902882T ATE86238T1 (de) 1988-03-28 1988-03-28 Verfahren zur herstellung von duengemittel.

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/GB1988/000234 WO1989009199A1 (fr) 1988-03-28 1988-03-28 Procede de production d'un fertilisant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0408547A1 EP0408547A1 (fr) 1991-01-23
EP0408547B1 true EP0408547B1 (fr) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=10629579

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88902882A Expired - Lifetime EP0408547B1 (fr) 1988-03-28 1988-03-28 Procede de production d'un fertilisant

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0408547B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03504845A (fr)
AT (1) ATE86238T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU620030B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE3878928T2 (fr)
DK (1) DK221590A (fr)
GB (1) GB2236313B (fr)
NO (1) NO904214L (fr)
WO (1) WO1989009199A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2717796B1 (fr) * 1994-03-22 1996-08-30 Berre Erwan Le Engrais liquide odorant et procédé de fabrication d'un tel engrais.
GB2313116A (en) * 1996-05-13 1997-11-19 Biomass Recycling Ltd Treatment of wastes
CN109650971B (zh) * 2018-12-24 2022-10-21 贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司 一种促进烟草油分分泌的叶面肥及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1146820A (fr) * 1956-02-16 1957-11-15 Procédé de destruction des déchets urbains et ménagers
AU480689B2 (en) * 1971-11-11 1974-05-09 Samamatic Tanks Proprietary Limited Method for anaerobic fermentation
DE2354270A1 (de) * 1973-10-30 1975-05-07 Alfred Hoehn Verfahren zur schnellkompostierung und aufbereitung von schwimm- und wasserpflanzen
IT1011210B (it) * 1974-04-02 1977-01-20 Liquichimica Spa Metodo di decolorazione fisiologica di alghe
FR2398110A1 (fr) * 1977-07-21 1979-02-16 Grenet Edouard Perfectionnements aux procede et dispositif de valorisation de dechets organiques par fermentation anaerobie avec production de methane
FR2516542A1 (fr) * 1981-11-18 1983-05-20 Inst Francais Du Petrole Procede de production d'un gaz combustible par digestion anaerobie des algues
WO1985002398A1 (fr) * 1983-11-30 1985-06-06 Clearfield N.V. Engrais
GB2150551A (en) * 1983-11-30 1985-07-03 Clearfield Nv Fertiliser from seaweed
FR2567148B1 (fr) * 1984-07-09 1986-11-14 Comp Generale Electricite Procede pour obtenir du methane par fermentation d'algues

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Equinoxe, no. 3, June/July 1985, (Nantes,FR), P. Manclière:"Méthanisation des algues:De l'énergie à revendre ?", pages 7-12, see pages 10-11 *
Progress in Energy and Combustion Science, volume 8, no. 2, 1982, Pergamon Press Ltd, (Oxford,GB),P.N. Hobson et al.:"Production and use of biogas in agriculture", pages 135-158, see page 152, left-hand column, lines 10-30 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO904214D0 (no) 1990-09-27
AU620030B2 (en) 1992-02-13
GB9021355D0 (en) 1990-11-28
DE3878928T2 (de) 1993-06-17
DK221590D0 (da) 1990-09-14
AU1498488A (en) 1989-10-16
GB2236313B (en) 1992-02-12
JPH03504845A (ja) 1991-10-24
EP0408547A1 (fr) 1991-01-23
DE3878928D1 (de) 1993-04-08
DK221590A (da) 1990-09-14
NO904214L (no) 1990-09-27
ATE86238T1 (de) 1993-03-15
WO1989009199A1 (fr) 1989-10-05
GB2236313A (en) 1991-04-03

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