EP0406481B1 - Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Unterbindung bzw. Beseitigung von Verstopfungen im Auslaufbereich von Zyklon-Wärmetauschern - Google Patents

Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Unterbindung bzw. Beseitigung von Verstopfungen im Auslaufbereich von Zyklon-Wärmetauschern Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0406481B1
EP0406481B1 EP89121270A EP89121270A EP0406481B1 EP 0406481 B1 EP0406481 B1 EP 0406481B1 EP 89121270 A EP89121270 A EP 89121270A EP 89121270 A EP89121270 A EP 89121270A EP 0406481 B1 EP0406481 B1 EP 0406481B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lance
heat exchanger
cyclone
cyclone heat
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP89121270A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0406481A1 (de
Inventor
Wolfgang Bossmann
Wilfried Kreft
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CNH Industrial Baumaschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
O&K Orenstein and Koppel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by O&K Orenstein and Koppel GmbH filed Critical O&K Orenstein and Koppel GmbH
Priority to AT89121270T priority Critical patent/ATE89918T1/de
Publication of EP0406481A1 publication Critical patent/EP0406481A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0406481B1 publication Critical patent/EP0406481B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D25/00—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag
    • F27D25/001—Devices or methods for removing incrustations, e.g. slag, metal deposits, dust; Devices or methods for preventing the adherence of slag comprising breaking tools, e.g. hammers, drills, scrapers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/22—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed with cleaning means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cyclone heat exchanger with a tool for preventing or removing blockages in the outlet area thereof, in which the essentially flour-shaped material flows vertically through the cyclone from top to bottom and can be removed in an outlet area narrowed with respect to the feed area, the tool is arranged at an acute angle in the outlet area of the cyclone and is formed from a lance which can be actuated by means of a cylinder and can be translationally inserted into the outlet area and at least one housing surrounding it.
  • Such a cyclone heat exchanger is known from DE-A-32 12 700.
  • an apparatus for separating an agglomerated particulate material is provided.
  • a lance which can be passed through an opening in the wall and which has an actuating device for forcibly extending the lance from its retracted position outside the container into a position which moves into the container.
  • the lance is along a line in the container movable, which runs downwards and forms an acute angle with the direction of flow of the material.
  • the lance is provided with a tip in the area of its free end.
  • a hydraulic cylinder is used as the actuating device, which introduces the lance into the area of the container at constant speed, the boundary edge being formed on the one hand by the wall and on the other hand by the upper part of the outlet.
  • the lance can thus be inserted into the material accumulating in the outlet area. Since the lance only carries out a translational movement, it can happen here that the lance tip only digs a hole in the agglomerated baked material and the blockage cannot therefore be completely removed. Furthermore, the lance is not able to penetrate deeper into the outlet area (drain pipe) of the container in order to be able to specifically remove any blockages that may occur here.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a quasi-automatically mechanical tool for improving the cleaning of enclosed spaces, in particular the cyclone heat exchanger outputs.
  • blockages should be able to be removed safely not only in the immediate outlet area of the cyclone but also in lower-lying areas of the drain pipe, without interfering with the operating process.
  • a corresponding control system must also be provided, which automatically triggers the cleaning process upon detection of impending blockages.
  • the tool has a corresponding freedom of movement
  • the entire device can be rotated about a swivel axis.
  • the axis of rotation is defined by the pivot point on the lower mounting flange and a bracket attached to the casing tube.
  • the entire device is cooled with ambient air, which preferably feeds in a radial fan or is sucked in by the system vacuum. After cooling, the air leaves the device and enters the cyclone flour chute. When the cleaning device is in the rest position, it can be shut off to the hot area of the cyclone with an automatically operating slide. In this way, false air does not get into the furnace system unnecessarily and the components of the device are protected against damage.
  • the lance tip as a drill head in connection with an alternating reciprocating rotary movement, a very strong milling or tearing movement is generated within the container outlet, which in conjunction with the intermittent translational movement of the lance leads to optimal tearing of blockages both in the outlet area of the Cyclone heat exchanger as well as in lower lying areas of the adjoining drain pipe.
  • the respective angle of rotation is preferably between 150 ° and 250 °.
  • the drill head consists of at least one interchangeable cutting edge and a plurality of fangs arranged axially evenly distributed over the circumference thereof, the cutting edge being designed as a flat chisel according to a further concept of the invention.
  • the cutting tip which is kept flat in one plane, acts as a tearing tool and, in contrast to the pointed design according to DE-OS 32 12 700, can bring about a much better dissolution of caking.
  • the lance is provided on the outer circumference with guide elements abutting the inner circumference of the housing (casing tube), which come to rest on the chute area of the cyclone heat exchanger outlet when the lance is extended and thus guide the lance.
  • the lance should not only clear the outlet area of the cyclone heat exchanger but also lower areas of the drain pipe of blockages.
  • the lance may be used for this latter purpose must be extended several meters, but the guidance takes place exclusively in the housing (casing tube), this results in a long lever mounted on one side, which is also still under the influence of the flowing material.
  • the angle of inclination of the chute is preferably selected so that it corresponds to the inclination of the housing, so that the lance can extend on this chute without any risk of being bent at any point.
  • a method for controlling the tool of a cyclone heat exchanger is characterized according to the invention in that the lance retraction process is started in dependence on the caking determined by means of a gamma emitter with associated receiver, in such a way that the drives for generating the intermittent translation and the superimposed rotational movement are activated and the lance is moved into the hot part of the cyclone heat exchanger, the working cycle of the lance being maintained until the temperature sensor detects an internal lance temperature above 150 ° C and the automatic extension of the lance into the colder area outside the cyclone heat exchanger brings about.
  • the lance can preferably be automatically retracted into the hot area of the cyclone heat exchanger if the internal temperature is below 80 ° C.
  • This control device forms a safety device which, on the one hand, guarantees automatic operation and, on the other hand, virtually eliminates damage to the lance. Operational interruptions are only necessary if there are blockages in the tube of the cyclone that are lower than the maximum extension length of the lance itself. Here, however, there is also the option of decoupling the rotary drive and flanging extension rods onto the lance, so that areas that were previously inaccessible can also be detected.
  • FIG. 1 shows an approach profile, as is often the case when walking through cyclone heat exchangers.
  • the lowest heat exchanger stage 1, 2 with the outlet areas 3, 4 and the rotary kiln 5 is shown.
  • the heat exchangers 1, 2 represent enclosed rooms 6, 7 with corresponding gas outlets 8, 9, gas and material inlets 12, 12 'and corresponding ones Spouts 10.11 are provided.
  • Blockages in the outlet areas 10, 11 can occur in that detachments of projections 13 take place in places, which can arise due to the effects of temperature and circulation processes and block the discharge of flour from time to time. If such a case occurs, the furnace operation must be interrupted.
  • the corresponding blockage must be removed by cleaning personnel, the cleaning personnel being exposed to considerable dangers due to the still relatively high temperatures in the area of the cyclone.
  • FIG. 2 shows the tool 14 for essentially automatically removing or preventing blockages.
  • the cyclone preheater 1 with its outlet area 10 (drain pipe) is shown in broken lines.
  • the tool 14 is provided outside the cyclone 1 and is arranged on a lower fastening flange 15.
  • the tool 14 can be pivoted about a fulcrum 16, which is defined on the one hand by the lower fastening flange 15 and on the other hand by a bracket 17. This measure ensures that, as a result of the swiveling away of the entire tool 14, in the event of a blockage 13 (FIG. 1) building up from the furnace in the direction of the cyclone heat exchanger 1, rod magazines can be introduced into the outlet area 10 (drain pipe).
  • the tool 14 consists of an outer casing tube 18 (housing), a running tube 19, within which an impact and rotary tool 20 is arranged in the form of a lance.
  • a pneumatic cylinder 21 Connected to the lance 20 here is a pneumatic cylinder 21, which is arranged in the inner tube 22 such that it can be moved back and forth in a translatory and intermittent manner.
  • Rotating device 23 and the rotary drive 24 is superimposed on the abrupt translational movement of the lance 20 a rotary movement (150 ° to 200 ° alternating).
  • the rotary drive 24 is fastened on a motor console 25 on the housing 18.
  • the power transmission is preferably carried out via a chain drive 26.
  • the entire tool 14 is cooled with ambient air, which feeds a radial fan, not shown.
  • an automatically operated gate valve 28 is provided between the mounting flange 15 and the tool 14, which separates the tool 14 from the hot part of the heat exchanger system 1 in the rest position.
  • the area 29 is to be regarded as an intermediate piece between the cyclone 1 and the drain pipe 10.
  • the center line 30 of the lance 20 corresponds approximately to the center line 31 of the drain pipe 10.
  • the guide elements of the lance 20, not shown in this figure, come to rest on the chute area 32 of the intermediate piece 29, provided the lance 20 is inserted deeper into the drain pipe 10 thus prevent the lance 20 from bending too much.
  • a device 33 for generating gamma rays with an associated receiver 34 is provided, which automatically starts the entire tool 14 as soon as ticks appear. Additional gamma emitters can also be provided in the drain pipe 10 in order to be able to react as quickly as possible to impending blockages.
  • FIG. 3 shows the tool 14 in a side view.
  • the housing 18, the lance 20 and the flange 15 and the bracket 17 can be seen, by means of which the entire tool 14 can be fastened to the cyclone heat exchanger 1 shown in FIG.
  • the lance 20 is displaceable relative to the housing 18 by means of guide elements 35, which come to rest on the chute area 32 shown in FIG.
  • a drill head 36 is provided on the lance tip, which is formed on the one hand from a flat chisel 37 and on the other hand from fangs 38.
  • the wear elements 37 and 38 are displaceably displaced on the drill head 36. For the exchange, only the bolt or screw connection 39 has to be loosened, so that here the wear elements 37 and 38 can be easily changed outside the cyclone heat exchanger 1.
  • the rotary drive (not shown here) is flanged in the area 25.
  • the lines 40 and 41 serve on the one hand to act upon the pneumatic cylinder 21 and on the other hand to cool the entire tool 14 with ambient air.
  • a temperature sensor 42 is provided which, in order to avoid damage to the drill head 36 or the entire tool 14, causes the lance 20 to automatically move into the colder area outside the cyclone heat exchanger at an internal lance temperature above 150 ° C. 1 is retracted. If the temperature has dropped below 80 ° C. again, the lance 20 can be moved back into the cyclone heat exchanger 1 or its region 29 or the drain pipe 10 if necessary.
  • Figure 4 shows a section along the line a-b.
  • the housing 18, the lance 20 with the guide elements 35 and the pneumatic cylinder 21 can be seen.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP89121270A 1989-06-16 1989-11-17 Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Unterbindung bzw. Beseitigung von Verstopfungen im Auslaufbereich von Zyklon-Wärmetauschern Expired - Lifetime EP0406481B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT89121270T ATE89918T1 (de) 1989-06-16 1989-11-17 Einrichtung und verfahren zur unterbindung bzw. beseitigung von verstopfungen im auslaufbereich von zyklon-waermetauschern.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3919717A DE3919717C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1989-06-16 1989-06-16
DE3919717 1989-06-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0406481A1 EP0406481A1 (de) 1991-01-09
EP0406481B1 true EP0406481B1 (de) 1993-05-26

Family

ID=6382886

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP89121270A Expired - Lifetime EP0406481B1 (de) 1989-06-16 1989-11-17 Einrichtung und Verfahren zur Unterbindung bzw. Beseitigung von Verstopfungen im Auslaufbereich von Zyklon-Wärmetauschern

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0406481B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE89918T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (2) DE3919717C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3259376B1 (en) * 2015-02-17 2019-11-06 Tata Steel Limited Lance unblocking method and apparatus
CN108773592B (zh) * 2018-06-27 2019-12-31 芜湖万向新元环保科技有限公司 一种下料斗装置
CN109046810B (zh) * 2018-09-20 2020-10-27 苏州市信睦知识产权服务有限公司 用于餐厨废弃油脂收集设备的变温疏通装置
CN111115032A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-05-08 张顺元 一种清除预热器仓室结料的装置
CN113776348B (zh) * 2021-08-11 2023-10-31 广西鱼峰水泥股份有限公司 一种水泥窑旋风预热器清堵用防喷涌烫伤装置

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2848066A (en) * 1955-09-28 1958-08-19 Svenska Flaektfabriken Ab Device for a simultaneous cleansing of the outlets for dust and clean-gas in cyclones
FR1363005A (fr) * 1963-07-13 1964-06-05 Boehler & Co Ag Geb Couronne de curetage
US4449671A (en) * 1981-04-15 1984-05-22 Hylsa, S.A. Apparatus for separating agglomerated particulate matter
JPS61209291A (ja) * 1985-03-13 1986-09-17 Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk> コ−クス炉ガスによるコ−キング付着物の除去方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE89918T1 (de) 1993-06-15
DE58904514D1 (de) 1993-07-01
EP0406481A1 (de) 1991-01-09
DE3919717C1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1990-10-18

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