EP0405053B1 - Tile to cover walls and floors and process for its production - Google Patents
Tile to cover walls and floors and process for its production Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0405053B1 EP0405053B1 EP90102374A EP90102374A EP0405053B1 EP 0405053 B1 EP0405053 B1 EP 0405053B1 EP 90102374 A EP90102374 A EP 90102374A EP 90102374 A EP90102374 A EP 90102374A EP 0405053 B1 EP0405053 B1 EP 0405053B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- glaze
- varnish layer
- tile
- firing
- tiles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/08—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements only of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with a top layer of stone or stone-like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete or glass
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F13/00—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings
- E04F13/07—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor
- E04F13/08—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements
- E04F13/14—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass
- E04F13/142—Coverings or linings, e.g. for walls or ceilings composed of covering or lining elements; Sub-structures therefor; Fastening means therefor composed of a plurality of similar covering or lining elements stone or stone-like materials, e.g. ceramics concrete; of glass or with an outer layer of stone or stone-like materials or glass with an outer layer of ceramics or clays
Definitions
- the invention relates to a tile for wall and floor coverings, consisting of a ceramic plate, which is provided on the visible side with a colored glaze and on at least one, preferably on two adjacent side surfaces with a coating layer, and a method for producing the tile.
- Tiles of this type are usually produced by producing the ceramic plate by means of a so-called biscuit firing, glazing it by spraying and then feeding it to a second firing, the glaze or smooth firing.
- the ceramic plate itself is made of clay or a similar material.
- Such tiles are known from CH-A-444 451. These tiles are glazed on the visible surface and on two adjoining side surfaces from the four available.
- a disadvantage of these known tiles is that, in the case of fully opaque glazed side surfaces, the glaze in the modern kilns partially flows off laterally during the firing process. As a result, the tiles stick to the rollers of the furnace or the side surfaces are not covered by the glaze, so that the ceramic support remains visible. This is not a problem when tiling a surface, since the side surfaces lie in the joint and are covered by the masses used for the grouting.
- FR-A-2 627 178 it is known to coat an already fired tile on the side surfaces with a varnish layer which penetrates into the tile material and forms a glossy, waterproof layer after drying.
- the top side is treated in a conventional way to give the tile a final look.
- the layer created on the side surfaces only has the task of preventing the penetration of liquid into the tile. This substance should also not be seen from the outside. Rather, the tile can be seen in the association of a covering. The side surfaces are completely covered.
- a cured, pigmented lacquer layer which contains a binder based on a polyvinyl chloride copolymer or is prepared on an acrylic resin basis and is arranged on these side surfaces for the glaze.
- Lacquers of this type have proven to be particularly advantageous for the intended purpose. They can be produced by applying a suitable lacquer that hardens at room temperature.
- the lacquer layer is resistant to many stresses, such as occur in areas in which tile coverings are usually used. For example, it is not attacked in the sanitary area by detergents, personal care products, cosmetics or the like.
- the color of this varnish layer preferably corresponds to the color of the glaze and it practically has the effect of a glaze on the side surface.
- the lacquer layer adapts itself homogeneously to the glaze. Their manufacture is very inexpensive. Since it can be applied as required after the usual tiles intended for surface covering have been completed, the effort for storing different tiles is greatly reduced. It was surprising that a lacquer layer in such a material composition meets aesthetically and technically the requirements which were previously assumed to be achievable only with a glaze.
- the invention also relates to a method for producing a tile according to the invention, according to the features of claim 2.
- the lacquer layer can be applied by methods known per se, e.g. by brushing, spraying, flooding, dipping, rolling or knife coating. It is important to ensure that there is a uniform layer of lacquer that is seamlessly adjacent to the glaze applied to the visible side. Furthermore, it is of course important to ensure that the visible side of the tile is not contaminated with paint material.
- the lacquer layer can advantageously only be applied after the tiles have been laid. It has proven to be advantageous here to apply the lacquer layer before the jointing and adhesive material used when laying the tiles has completely hardened.
- a coloring glaze 2 is arranged on a ceramic plate 1.
- One side of the tile is covered by a hardened, pigmented lacquer layer 3, the color of the lacquer layer corresponding to the color of the glaze 2.
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Fliese für Wand- und Bodenbeläge, bestehend aus einer keramischen Platte, die auf der Sichtseite mit einer farbgebenden Glasur und auf wenigstens einer, vorzugsweise auf zwei benachbarten aneinandergrenzenden Seitenflächen mit einer Überzugsschicht versehen ist, und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der Fliese.The invention relates to a tile for wall and floor coverings, consisting of a ceramic plate, which is provided on the visible side with a colored glaze and on at least one, preferably on two adjacent side surfaces with a coating layer, and a method for producing the tile.
Derartige Fliesen werden üblicherweise hergestellt, in dem durch einen sogenannten Biskuitbrand die keramische Platte erzeugt, diese durch Spritzen glasiert und dann einem zweiten Brand, dem Glasur- oder Glattbrand, zugeführt wird. Die keramische Platte selbst besteht aus Ton oder einem ähnlichen Material.Tiles of this type are usually produced by producing the ceramic plate by means of a so-called biscuit firing, glazing it by spraying and then feeding it to a second firing, the glaze or smooth firing. The ceramic plate itself is made of clay or a similar material.
Solche Fliesen sind aus der CH-A-444 451 bekannt. Diese Fliesen werden auf der Sichtfläche und auf zwei aneinander stoßenden von den vier vorhandenen Seitenflächen mit einer Glasur versehen.Such tiles are known from CH-A-444 451. These tiles are glazed on the visible surface and on two adjoining side surfaces from the four available.
Nachteilig bei diesen bekannten Fliesen ist, daß bei volldeckend glasierten Seitenflächen die Glasur in den modernen Brennöfen beim Brennvorgang teilweise seitlich abfließt. Als Folge dessen bleiben die Fliesen an den Rollen des Ofens kleben oder die Seitenflächen sind nicht von der Glasur bedeckt, so daß der keramische Träger sichtbar bleibt. Bei der Verfliesung einer Fläche stellt dies kein Problem dar, da die Seitenflächen in der Fuge liegen und durch die zur Verfugung verwendeten Massen verdeckt werden.A disadvantage of these known tiles is that, in the case of fully opaque glazed side surfaces, the glaze in the modern kilns partially flows off laterally during the firing process. As a result, the tiles stick to the rollers of the furnace or the side surfaces are not covered by the glaze, so that the ceramic support remains visible. This is not a problem when tiling a surface, since the side surfaces lie in the joint and are covered by the masses used for the grouting.
Technisch sauber überglasierte Seitenflächen würden aber erhebliche Mehrkosten verursachen, die nicht nur die Aufgabe des Kostenreduzierungseffektes der modernen Brenntechnologien, Sortieranlagen usw. bedingen, sondern auch technisch bei der Verlegung des Materials eine deutliche Reduzierung der Flankenhaftung des Fugenmaterials, also ein Erschwernis bei der Verarbeitung zur Folge haben. Hinzu kommen noch zusätzliche Aufwendungen für eine separate Bedarfserfassung, eine separate Verpackung und eine gesonderte Lagerhaltung.Technically clean glazed side surfaces would, however, cause considerable additional costs, which not only result in the cost reduction effect of modern firing technologies, sorting systems etc., but also technically in the laying of the material a significant reduction in the flank adhesion of the joint material, i.e. a complication during processing to have. In addition, there are additional expenses for separate recording of requirements, separate packaging and separate storage.
Möglich ist es auch, für den Eckbereich speziell an einer Seite abgerundete Fliesen zu verwenden. Diese werden jedoch seit geraumer Zeit aus Kostengründen kaum hergestellt. Die seitdem verwandten, an mindestens einer Seite überschnittenen Fliesen haben den Nachteil, daß dieser Randbereich extrem dünn ausfällt. Er ist damit sehr empfindlich und kann leicht beschädigt werden. Auch die Herstellung der hinterschnittenen Fliesen ist teuer und bedingt ebenso wie die Verwendung der abgerundeten Fliesen eine aufwendige gesonderte Lagerhaltung.It is also possible to use rounded tiles specially for one corner for the corner area. For some time now, however, these have hardly been produced for cost reasons. The tiles that have been used since then and have been cut over on at least one side have the disadvantage that this edge area is extremely thin. It is therefore very sensitive and can easily be damaged. The production of the undercut tiles is also expensive and, like the use of the rounded tiles, requires extensive separate storage.
Aus der FR-A-2 627 178 ist bekannt, eine bereits gebrannte Fliese an den Seitenflächen mit einer Firnisschicht zu überziehen, die in das Fliesenmaterial eindringt und nach dem Trocknen eine glänzende, wasserdichte Schicht bildet. Die obere Seite wird dabei in herkömmlicher Weise behandelt, um der Fliese ein endgültiges Aussehen zu geben.From FR-A-2 627 178 it is known to coat an already fired tile on the side surfaces with a varnish layer which penetrates into the tile material and forms a glossy, waterproof layer after drying. The top side is treated in a conventional way to give the tile a final look.
Die auf den Seitenflächen entstandene Schicht hat dabei lediglich die Aufgabe, das Eindringen von Flüssigkeit in die Fliese zu verhindern. Diese Substanz soll auch nicht von außen gesehen werden. Vielmehr ist die Fliese im Verband eines Belages zu sehen. Die Seitenflächen sind völlig abgedeckt.The layer created on the side surfaces only has the task of preventing the penetration of liquid into the tile. This substance should also not be seen from the outside. Rather, the tile can be seen in the association of a covering. The side surfaces are completely covered.
Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, die geschilderten Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu vermeiden und eine Fliese für Stufen- und Kantenbereiche anzugeben, die preiswert herstellbar und leicht handhabbar ist.It is an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a tile for step and edge areas that is inexpensive to manufacture and easy to handle.
Überraschenderweise wurde nun gefunden, daß diese Aufgabe durch eine ausgehärtete, pigmentierte Lackschicht, die ein Bindemittel auf der Basis eines Polyvinylchlorid-mischpolymerisats enthält oder auf Acrylharzbasis hergestellt ist und für die Glasur auf diesen Seitenflächen angeordnet ist, gelöst werden kann.Surprisingly, it has now been found that this object can be achieved by a cured, pigmented lacquer layer which contains a binder based on a polyvinyl chloride copolymer or is prepared on an acrylic resin basis and is arranged on these side surfaces for the glaze.
Derartige Lacke haben sich für den gegebenen Einsatzzweck als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen. Sie können durch Aufbringen eines entsprechenden Lacks hergestellt werden, der bei Raumtemperatur aushärtet. Die Lackschicht ist beständig gegenüber vielen Beanspruchungen, wie sie in Bereichen auftreten, in denen Fliesenbeläge üblicherweise eingesetzt werden. So wird sie z.B. im Sanitärbereich durch Reinigungsmittel, Körperpflegemittel, Kosmetika oder dergleichen nicht angegriffen. Die Farbe dieser Lackschicht entspricht vorzugsweise der Farbe der Glasur und es wird damit praktisch die Wirkung einer Glasur auf der Seitenfläche erzielt. Die Lackschicht paßt sich homogen der Glasur an. Ihre Herstellung ist sehr preisgünstig. Da sie nach Fertigstellung der üblichen, für eine Flächenbedeckung vorgesehenen Fliesen je nach Bedarf aufgebracht werden kann, wird der Aufwand für die Lagerhaltung unterschiedlicher Fliesen stark reduziert. Es war überraschend, daß eine Lackschicht in einer derartigen stofflichen Zusammensetzung in ästhetischer und technischer Hinsicht den Anforderungen genügt, von denen bisher angenommen wurde, daß sie nur durch eine Glasur erfüllbar sind.Lacquers of this type have proven to be particularly advantageous for the intended purpose. They can be produced by applying a suitable lacquer that hardens at room temperature. The lacquer layer is resistant to many stresses, such as occur in areas in which tile coverings are usually used. For example, it is not attacked in the sanitary area by detergents, personal care products, cosmetics or the like. The color of this varnish layer preferably corresponds to the color of the glaze and it practically has the effect of a glaze on the side surface. The lacquer layer adapts itself homogeneously to the glaze. Their manufacture is very inexpensive. Since it can be applied as required after the usual tiles intended for surface covering have been completed, the effort for storing different tiles is greatly reduced. It was surprising that a lacquer layer in such a material composition meets aesthetically and technically the requirements which were previously assumed to be achievable only with a glaze.
Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Fliese, gemäß den Merkmalen des Anspruches 2.The invention also relates to a method for producing a tile according to the invention, according to the features of
Das Aufbringen der Lackschicht kann nach an sich bekannten Verfahren erfolgen, z.B. durch Streichen, Spritzen, Fluten, Tauchen, Walzen oder Rakeln. Hierbei ist darauf zu achten, daß sich eine gleichmäßige Lackschicht ergibt, die nahtlos an die auf der Sichtseite aufgebrachte Glasur angrenzt. Weiterhin ist selbstverständlich darauf zu achten, daß die Sichtseite der Fliese nicht mit Lack-material verschmutzt wird.The lacquer layer can be applied by methods known per se, e.g. by brushing, spraying, flooding, dipping, rolling or knife coating. It is important to ensure that there is a uniform layer of lacquer that is seamlessly adjacent to the glaze applied to the visible side. Furthermore, it is of course important to ensure that the visible side of the tile is not contaminated with paint material.
Die Lackschicht kann vorteilhaft erst nach dem Verlegen der Fliesen aufgebracht werden. Hierbei hat es sich als günstig erwiesen, die Lackschicht aufzubringen, bevor das beim Verlegen der Fliesen verwendete Fugen- und Kleb-material völlig ausgehärtet ist.The lacquer layer can advantageously only be applied after the tiles have been laid. It has proven to be advantageous here to apply the lacquer layer before the jointing and adhesive material used when laying the tiles has completely hardened.
Im folgenden wird ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Die Figur zeigt eine erfindungsgemäße Fliese in perspektivischer Darstellung.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. The figure shows a tile according to the invention in perspective.
Auf einer keramischen Platte 1 ist eine farbgebende Glasur 2 angeordnet. Die eine Seite der Fliese ist durch eine ausgehärtete, pigmentierte Lackschicht 3 angedeckt, wobei die Farbe der Lackschicht der Farbe der Glasur 2 entspricht.A
Claims (5)
- A tile for wall and floor coverings, consisting of a ceramic slab (1) having a colour-imparting glaze (2) on the visible side and a surface coating at least on one, and preferably on two, adjacent contiguous side surfaces, characterised in that a cured pigmented varnish layer (3) is disposed on said side, surfaces, the colour of the varnish layer corresponding to that of the glaze (2), the varnish layer containing a binder based on a polyvinyl chloride copolymer or being made on an acrylic resin basis.
- A method of producing a tile according to claim 1, in which, by a first firing, a ceramic slab is produced and said slab is coated with a colour-imparting glaze on the visible side, and in a second firing the glaze is hardened, characterised in that after, the second firing a curing pigmented varnish layer (3) is applied to at least one, and preferably two, adjacent contiguous uncoated side surfaces, such varnish layer containing a binder based on a polyvinyl chloride copolymer or being made on an acrylic resin basis, and the same is then cured.
- A method according to claim 2, characterised in that the varnish layer (3) is applied by spreading, spraying, flow coating, immersion, rolling or blade coating.
- A method according to claim 2, characterised in that the varnish layer is applied after the tiles have been laid.
- A method according to claim 1 to 4, characterised in that the varnish layer is applied before the joint or adhesive material used for laying the tiles is completely cured.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT90102374T ATE88786T1 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1990-02-07 | TILE FOR WALL AND FLOOR COVERINGS AND PROCESS FOR THEIR MANUFACTURE. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE8907980U DE8907980U1 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1989-06-30 | |
| DE8907980U | 1989-06-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0405053A1 EP0405053A1 (en) | 1991-01-02 |
| EP0405053B1 true EP0405053B1 (en) | 1993-04-28 |
Family
ID=6840635
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90102374A Expired - Lifetime EP0405053B1 (en) | 1989-06-30 | 1990-02-07 | Tile to cover walls and floors and process for its production |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0405053B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE88786T1 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE8907980U1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2040519T3 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100382927C (en) * | 2005-04-06 | 2008-04-23 | 广东科达机电股份有限公司 | Glazed tile grinding process and glaze-eliminating grinding head for the process |
| EP2266769A1 (en) * | 2009-06-25 | 2010-12-29 | Iniziativa Otto S.r.l. | A process for manufacturing very slim ceramic tiles |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CH444451A (en) * | 1966-01-28 | 1967-09-30 | Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag | tile |
| US4301634A (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1981-11-24 | Pilkington's Tiles Limited | Manufacture of tiles |
| FR2627178A1 (en) * | 1988-02-15 | 1989-08-18 | Fernandez Joaquim | Sealing terracotta tiles by applying coats of varnish - to their sides and bases to give finish pref. using polyurethane based varnish |
-
1989
- 1989-06-30 DE DE8907980U patent/DE8907980U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-02-07 DE DE9090102374T patent/DE59001293D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 EP EP90102374A patent/EP0405053B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-02-07 AT AT90102374T patent/ATE88786T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1990-02-07 ES ES199090102374T patent/ES2040519T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES2040519T3 (en) | 1993-10-16 |
| ATE88786T1 (en) | 1993-05-15 |
| DE8907980U1 (en) | 1990-10-25 |
| DE59001293D1 (en) | 1993-06-03 |
| EP0405053A1 (en) | 1991-01-02 |
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