EP0401482B1 - Verschleissfeste Sinterlegierung, insbesondere für Ventilsitzringe von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen - Google Patents

Verschleissfeste Sinterlegierung, insbesondere für Ventilsitzringe von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0401482B1
EP0401482B1 EP90105398A EP90105398A EP0401482B1 EP 0401482 B1 EP0401482 B1 EP 0401482B1 EP 90105398 A EP90105398 A EP 90105398A EP 90105398 A EP90105398 A EP 90105398A EP 0401482 B1 EP0401482 B1 EP 0401482B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
per cent
sintered alloy
weight per
parts
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Revoked
Application number
EP90105398A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0401482A2 (de
EP0401482A3 (de
Inventor
Kirit Dipl.-Ing. Dalal
Hans-Jochem Dr. Neuhäuser
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
DALAL, KIRIT
Original Assignee
DALAL Kirit
Goetze GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by DALAL Kirit, Goetze GmbH filed Critical DALAL Kirit
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Publication of EP0401482A3 publication Critical patent/EP0401482A3/de
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C33/0207—Using a mixture of prealloyed powders or a master alloy
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/22—Valve-seats not provided for in preceding subgroups of this group; Fixing of valve-seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wear-resistant sintered alloy based on iron as a matrix with embedded hard phases, its manufacture and its use for, in particular, valve seat rings for the lead-free and lead-containing fuel operation of internal combustion engines.
  • Valve seat rings of internal combustion engines are exposed to high mechanical loads, especially at the exhaust valve, under the simultaneous action of the very hot combustion gases and must accordingly consist of wear-resistant and heat-resistant materials.
  • Sintered materials best meet these conditions, so that today valve seat rings mostly consist of special sintered metal alloys with possibly additions to hard phases.
  • Organic lead compounds as additives to lead-containing fuels form lead combustion products during combustion in the engine, which are deposited in particular on the valve seat rings with the formation of coatings with a wear-protecting and corrosion-protecting effect.
  • sintered valve seat rings for lead-free operation are known, the matrix of which consists of a high-alloy steel alloy, in which 8 to 14 volume percent hard phases are finely distributed, consisting of a mixture of a chromium-tungsten-cobalt - Iron carbides are made with ferromolybdenum.
  • the free pores of the sintered material can additionally be filled with copper or copper alloys by impregnation or infiltration.
  • valve seat ring materials specially developed for lead-free fuels are not wear and corrosion resistant enough when operating with fuels containing lead. Deposits of lead combustion products lead to lead oxide corrosion phenomena with these sintered materials, and the vestile seat rings quickly become permeable during operation and show increased wear.
  • the sintered materials developed for lead-free operation are not yet ideally suited for mixed operation when used in lead-containing and lead-free fuels, as is common in practice.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing an inexpensive and therefore economical sintered material for valve seat rings for internal combustion engines in particular, which can be used in mixed operation with lead-free and lead-containing fuel with, above all, improved wear resistance, heat resistance, warm hardness and corrosion resistance.
  • the manufacture of the sintered material should be simple and inexpensive, above all due to its shape-specific processability.
  • this object is achieved by a sintered material, the matrix metal of which consists of a martensitic iron with 0.6 to 1.5 percent by weight of carbon and 0.2 to 2 percent by weight of manganese, as well as production-related impurities, and the finely divided hard phases of 5 to 20 percent by weight Intermetallic phases with iron, molybdenum, chromium and silicon exist.
  • the preferred intermetallic phase consists of an iron alloy with 20 to 40 weight percent molybdenum, 5 to 20 percent by weight of chromium, 0.5 to 4 percent by weight of silicon and iron as the remainder. To improve the heat resistance, the intermetallic phase can also contain 20 to 30 percent by weight of cobalt.
  • the embedded hard phase can also consist of a mixture of binary or ternary intermetallic phases from the metals iron-chromium-molybdenum-silicon, and a mixture of the intermetallic phases of ferro-molybdenum, molybdenum-silicon and is preferred as a mixture Chromium silicon is used, which is added to the matrix metal to 5 to 20 percent by weight.
  • the intermetallic phases are mixed together with the iron powder and pressed in the mold at a pressure between 600 and 800 MN / m2 to form valve seat rings, which are then sintered for 30 to 60 minutes at 1,100 to 1,300 ° C under protective gas or in a vacuum will.
  • the rings can be post-compacted at 800 to 900 MN / m2, and tempering treatment can be followed by one-hour austenitizing annealing at around 900 ° C, quenching in oil and tempering for one hour at around 250 ° C to form a martensitic structure that is as uniform as possible .
  • valve seat rings obtained were shown in Engine tests in mixed operation in lead-containing and lead-free fuels were tested, and after running times of over 500 hours, no significant signs of wear were found on the exhaust valve either.
  • the valve seat rings according to the invention show a uniformly improved corrosion behavior and thus improved wear behavior with good heat resistance at the same time.
  • the micrograph shows a predominantly martensitic basic structure of the matrix, in which the specified hard intermetallic phases are present undissolved and finely distributed.
  • the powder mixture as the starting material for sintering the valve seat rings has good flow properties and compressibility properties with low ejection resistance on the pressing tool. This increases the lifespan of the pressing tools and valve seat rings can be pressed to size. This enables economical mass production without significant mechanical reworking of the valve seat rings.
  • the iron powder used as the matrix metal is water-atomized iron powder, the content of dissolved 0.6 to 1.5 percent by weight of carbon ensures the formation of the martensitic structure. Less than 0.6 percent by weight of carbon in the basic structure would result in a ferritic structure, and contents of over 1.5 percent by weight would undesirably embrittle the matrix metal with the formation of cementite.
  • 1 to 5 percent by weight of nickel and / or 1 to 3 percent by weight of copper can be added to the sintered alloy. Smaller amounts than 1 percent by weight are not effective enough, and larger amounts than 3 to 5 percent by weight would deteriorate the dimensional accuracy and machinability of the sintered workpieces.
  • molybdenum disulfide and / or manganese sulfide can be added to the sintered powder mixture in amounts of 1 to 3 percent by weight.
  • the sulfides act as solid lubricants, with the manganese sulfide in particular facilitating the machining of the valve seat rings that may be required.
  • the finished sintered workpiece can also be impregnated or infiltrated with copper or copper alloys to improve the thermal conductivity. Corresponds to the free pores in the sintered material then the copper or copper alloy content between 10 and 20 percent by weight.
  • the invention thus creates a sintered material which is suitable for the production of valve seat rings for use with both lead-containing and lead-free fuels.
  • the corrosion resistance of the sintered material is equally good in both fuels, and at the same time the high wear resistance and heat resistance ensure a long service life of the sintered material when used as a valve seat ring.
  • the matrix metal used is only weakly alloyed and therefore inexpensive, and the intermetallic phases used are inexpensive commercially available.
  • the processability of the sintered powder mixture composed according to the invention is good and therefore economical.
  • the sintered powder mixture has good flow and compressibility properties, so that the powder mixture can also be used for the fully automated mass production of valve seat rings with low ejection resistance and therefore low tool wear.
  • the dimensional accuracy is so good that valve seat rings in particular can be pressed and sintered directly within the required dimensional tolerances. Expensive post-processing is eliminated or reduced to a minimum.
  • the sintered material according to the invention is preferred as a valve seat ring for exhaust valves in particular in mixed-mode internal combustion engines, it is also possible to use the sintered material according to the invention for the production of similarly loaded machine parts, especially in mixed-mode internal combustion engines. Particularly because of the good processability properties, the low price and the excellent technological properties, machine parts outside of the application for internal combustion engines can also advantageously be produced with the sintered material according to the invention.
  • the connected sintering takes place over 35 minutes at 1,190 ° C in a protective gas atmosphere made of 80% nitrogen and 20% hydrogen.
  • the sintered density of the sintered material is 6.9 g / cm3, and the subsequent pressing is carried out to a density of 7.25 g / cm3 at a pressure of 850 MN / m2.
  • the sintered bodies are austenitized for one hour at 900 ° C, quenched in oil and left in air for one hour at 250 ° C.
  • the micrograph shows the structure of the sintered alloy according to the invention in a magnification of 1,500 times.
  • the matrix metal 1 is martensitic and, in addition to the unfilled pores 2, contains the intermetallic hard phases 3 that are embedded.
  • the hot hardness of the sintered material is at room temperature 330 HB and at 600 ° C 200 HB
  • valve seat rings were over in the engine test Tested 500 hours corresponding to a mileage of 80,000 km in both unleaded and unleaded fuel.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
EP90105398A 1989-06-09 1990-03-22 Verschleissfeste Sinterlegierung, insbesondere für Ventilsitzringe von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen Revoked EP0401482B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3918875 1989-06-09
DE3918875 1989-06-09

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0401482A2 EP0401482A2 (de) 1990-12-12
EP0401482A3 EP0401482A3 (de) 1991-05-02
EP0401482B1 true EP0401482B1 (de) 1994-06-15

Family

ID=6382431

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90105398A Revoked EP0401482B1 (de) 1989-06-09 1990-03-22 Verschleissfeste Sinterlegierung, insbesondere für Ventilsitzringe von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0401482B1 (es)
DE (1) DE59006107D1 (es)
ES (1) ES2055200T3 (es)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2698808B1 (fr) * 1992-12-07 1995-01-20 Renault Matériau pour pièces de friction opérant en milieu lubrifié, et son procédé d'obtention.
JP3011076B2 (ja) * 1995-10-31 2000-02-21 トヨタ自動車株式会社 内燃機関のシリンダヘッド
JP3346321B2 (ja) * 1999-02-04 2002-11-18 三菱マテリアル株式会社 高強度Ｆｅ基焼結バルブシート
GB0105721D0 (en) * 2001-03-08 2001-04-25 Federal Mogul Sintered Prod Sintered ferrous materials
CN103357863B (zh) * 2013-06-21 2016-12-28 安徽吉思特智能装备有限公司 一种高耐磨粉末冶金气门座及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4123265A (en) * 1974-02-21 1978-10-31 Nippon Piston Ring Co., Ltd. Method of producing ferrous sintered alloy of improved wear resistance
JPS56249A (en) * 1979-06-13 1981-01-06 Mazda Motor Corp Hard-grain-dispersed sintered alloy for valve seat
JPS5925959A (ja) * 1982-07-28 1984-02-10 Nippon Piston Ring Co Ltd 焼結合金製バルブシ−ト
JPS5985847A (ja) * 1982-11-08 1984-05-17 Mitsubishi Metal Corp 内燃機関の摺動部材用Ｆｅ基焼結材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0401482A2 (de) 1990-12-12
ES2055200T3 (es) 1994-08-16
DE59006107D1 (de) 1994-07-21
EP0401482A3 (de) 1991-05-02

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