EP0400740B1 - Kohlenvergasungsreaktor - Google Patents

Kohlenvergasungsreaktor Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0400740B1
EP0400740B1 EP90201333A EP90201333A EP0400740B1 EP 0400740 B1 EP0400740 B1 EP 0400740B1 EP 90201333 A EP90201333 A EP 90201333A EP 90201333 A EP90201333 A EP 90201333A EP 0400740 B1 EP0400740 B1 EP 0400740B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reactor
outlet
stack
slag
product gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP90201333A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0400740A1 (de
Inventor
Hendrikus Johannes Antonius Hasenack
Petrus H.W.M. Daverveldt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Original Assignee
Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV filed Critical Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij BV
Publication of EP0400740A1 publication Critical patent/EP0400740A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0400740B1 publication Critical patent/EP0400740B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
    • C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
    • C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
    • C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72—Other features
    • C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
    • C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/093—Coal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
    • C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
    • C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a reactor for carrying out a partial oxidation process of a finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel and an oxidant.
  • Finely divided solid carbon-containing fuels are applied in processes for the preparation of synthesis gas by the partial combustion of a finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel with an oxygen-containing gas in a reactor wherein liquid slag formed during the partial combustion process is removed through an outlet in the bottom of the reactor and passed by gravity through a slag discharge means into a water bath or slag quenching vessel where it is solidified by quenching.
  • finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel is generally meant coal or another solid fuel, such as brown coal, peat, wood, coke, soot etc., but mixtures of liquid or gas and particulate solid fuels, are also possible.
  • a moderator is also introduced into the reactor.
  • the object of the moderator is to exercise a moderating effect on the temperature on the reactor. This is ensured by endothermic reaction between the moderator and the reactants and/or products of the synthesis gas preparation.
  • Suitable moderators are steam and carbon dioxide.
  • the gasification is advantageously carried out at a temperature in the range from 1200 to 1700 °C and at a pressure in the range from 1 to 200 bar.
  • the reactor in which the preparation of synthesis gas takes place may have any suitable shape.
  • the supply of finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel and oxygen-containing gas to the reactor can take place in any manner suitable for the purpose and will not be described in detail.
  • Liquid slag formed in the partial combustion reaction drops down and is drained through the outlet located in the reactor bottom.
  • the fuel is fed from a supply device to a gasifier by means of a suitable carrier fluid.
  • the hot product gas usually contains sticky particles which lose their stickiness upon cooling.
  • the sticky particles in the hot product gas will cause problems in the plant where the product gas is further processed, since undesirable deposits of the particles on, for example, walls, valves or outlets will adversely affect the process. Moreover, such deposits are very hard to remove.
  • the sticky particles may be partly or completely in the molten state; they may comprise metals, salts or ashes, and, in general, these particles lose their stickiness at a temperature below about 800 °C.
  • the hot product gas is quenched in a quench section which is located above the product outlet on top of the reactor.
  • a suitable quench medium such as for example water or a gas is introduced into the product gas in order to cool the product gas.
  • the invention therefore provides a reactor for preventing slag lifting at the reactor top outlet and preventing slag droplets entrainment in the product gas in an exothermic partial oxidation process of a finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel and an oxidant, said reactor comprising a reactor vessel having an outlet for the product gas at its top, a slag outlet at its bottom, a plurality of burner openings in its side wall, a plurality of tangentially directed burners located on the same horizontal level at circumferential spaced points, with a specific firing angle, the reactor being provided with a quench above its outlet, characterized in that the reactor at its top outlet is connected to an extended pipe or stack, located between the reactor outlet and the quench inlet, and wherein on the lower part of said stack most of the slag leaving the said top outlet of the reactor during the partial oxidation process, will be deposited, said stack having a diameter which is considerably narrower than the diameter of the reactor and wherein the stack has a length-to-diameter ratio in the
  • GB-A-718,410 discloses a reactor for carrying out the partial oxidation of pulverized coal in a two-step combination process of exothermic and endothermic reactions in a primary reaction chamber and a secondary reaction chamber. In the second reaction chamber the production of synthesis gas is completed.
  • firing angle is defined as the angle between the symmetry axis of the burner jet and the line through the centre of the burner and the centre of the reactor at the same horizontal level.
  • a reactor vessel 1 has been shown.
  • the reactor vessel 1 is provided with a slag outlet 2 at its bottom, a plurality of tangentially fired burners 3, a gas outlet 4 at its top and a quench system 5 comprising a quench inlet 5a above the reactor outlet 4.
  • the tangentially directed burners 3 are located on the same horizontal level at circumferental spaced points and cause vortex flow in the reactor vessel 1.
  • the quench system 5 is at its outlet 6 connected to equipment for further treating the synthesis gas. Such equipment is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • equipment for further treating the synthesis gas.
  • Such equipment is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • fig. 2 the same reference numerals have been used as in fig. 1.
  • the reactor 1 is provided with an extended pipe or stack 4a at its outlet 4. This extension is located between the reactor outlet 4 and the quench inlet 5a and has a predetermined length-to-diameter ratio Ls/Ds.
  • the quench system 5 is located remote from the reactor outlet.
  • Ls/Ds is 4 to 6 and more in particular Ls/Ds is 5 (as shown in fig. 2).
  • Fig. 3a represents a tangential burner arrangement comprising 4 burners A, B, C, D.
  • the burners are arranged horizontally and are directed to a central point E, which means that the firing angles are 0 degrees.
  • Fig. 3b represents a tangential burner arrangement of the invention comprising 4 burners A', B', C', D' wherein the firing angles are 5 degrees.
  • the firing angles according to the present invention are in the range of 3 to 5 degrees.
  • the burners are directed to a central circle E′ having a determined area.
  • the stack will also reduce the turbulence of the syngas. This reduction and the fact that the stack wall immediately below the quench inlet is vertical and thus much steeper than the reactor roof in fig. 1 will be beneficial to prevent slag lifting or slag entrainment.

Claims (4)

  1. Reaktor zum verhindern von Schlackeanhebung an dem Auslaß an der Reaktorspitze und zum Verhindern von Schlacketröpfchenabgabe in dem Produktgas bei einem exothermischen Teiloxidationsprozeß eines fein verteilten festen kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffs und eines Oxidationsmittels, wobei der Reaktor einen Reaktorkessel mit einem Auslaß für das Produktgas an seiner Spitze, einen Schlackeauslaß an seinem Unterteil bzw. Boden, eine Vielzahl von Brenneröffnungen in seiner Seitenwand und eine vielzahl von tangential ausgerichteten Brennern, die auf der gleichen horizontalen Höhe an entlang des Umfangs beabstandeten Punkten mit einem spezifischen Feuerungswinkel angeordnet sind, aufweist, wobei der Reaktor mit einer Abschreckvorrichtung oberhalb seines Auslasses versehen,
       dadurch gekennzeichnet,
       daß der Reaktor an seinem Auslaß an der Spitze an ein verlängertes Rohr oder einen verlängerten Schacht angeschlossen ist, das bzw. der zwischen dem Reaktorauslaß und Abschreckvorrichtungseinlaß angeordnet ist, und wobei an dem unteren Teil des Schachtes das meiste der Schlacke, die den Auslaß an der Reaktorspitze während des Teiloxidationsprozesses verläßt, abgeschieden wird, wobei der Schacht einen Durchmesser aufweist, der beträchtlich enger als der Durchmesser des Reaktors ist, und wobei der Schacht ein Verhältnis von Länge zu Durchmesser im Bereich von 4 bis 6 aufweist und wobei der Feuerungswinkel größer als 0° ist.
  2. Der Reaktor nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Schacht ein Verhältnis von Länge zu Durchmesser von 5 hat.
  3. Der Reaktor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei Kreuzfäden zum Verringern des Wirbels des Produktgases in dem Schacht eingebaut sind.
  4. Der Reaktor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Feuerungswinkel 3 bis 5° beträgt.
EP90201333A 1989-05-30 1990-05-23 Kohlenvergasungsreaktor Expired - Lifetime EP0400740B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB898912316A GB8912316D0 (en) 1989-05-30 1989-05-30 Coal gasification reactor
GB8912316 1989-05-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0400740A1 EP0400740A1 (de) 1990-12-05
EP0400740B1 true EP0400740B1 (de) 1994-08-03

Family

ID=10657536

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90201333A Expired - Lifetime EP0400740B1 (de) 1989-05-30 1990-05-23 Kohlenvergasungsreaktor

Country Status (10)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0400740B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2932198B2 (de)
CN (1) CN1025345C (de)
AU (1) AU618195B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2017635C (de)
DE (1) DE69011216T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0400740T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2058754T3 (de)
GB (1) GB8912316D0 (de)
ZA (1) ZA904064B (de)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007044726A1 (de) 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Uhde Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung
WO2009036985A1 (de) 2007-09-18 2009-03-26 Uhde Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor und verfahren zur flugstromvergasung
DE102008012734A1 (de) 2008-03-05 2009-09-10 Uhde Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung
WO2009118082A2 (de) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur herstellung von synthesegas mit einem vergasungsreaktor mit anschliessendem quenchraum
DE102008015801A1 (de) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum
DE102008057410A1 (de) 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstelllung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum
DE102009005464A1 (de) 2009-01-21 2010-08-05 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum
US8690973B2 (en) 2006-12-14 2014-04-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Entrained flow reactor for gasifying solid and liquid energy sources
US8960651B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2015-02-24 Shell Oil Company Vessel for cooling syngas
US9051522B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2015-06-09 Shell Oil Company Gasification reactor

Families Citing this family (18)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3364013B2 (ja) * 1994-08-31 2003-01-08 三菱重工業株式会社 石炭燃焼器
EP1877522B1 (de) * 2005-05-02 2018-02-28 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Verfahren zur abkühlung von synthesegas
CN101003755B (zh) * 2006-01-19 2010-09-29 神华集团有限责任公司 一种多喷嘴气化炉及其气化方法
EP1918352B1 (de) 2006-11-01 2009-12-09 Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. Feste kohlenstoffhaltige Zuführung für Flüssigverfahren
AU2007231719B2 (en) * 2006-11-01 2012-02-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Solid carbonaceous feed to liquid process
DE102007027601A1 (de) 2007-06-12 2008-12-18 Uhde Gmbh Herstellung und Kühlung von gasförmigen Kohlevergasungsprodukten
AU2008294831B2 (en) 2007-09-04 2012-02-02 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Quenching vessel
CN101547730B (zh) 2007-09-04 2012-02-01 国际壳牌研究有限公司 喷嘴总管以及利用这种布置结构的高温气体骤冷方法
EP2222595B1 (de) 2007-11-20 2011-07-06 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Verfahren zur herstellung eines gereinigten synthesegasstroms
WO2009090216A2 (en) 2008-01-16 2009-07-23 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process to provide a particulate solid material to a pressurised reactor
CN102046566B (zh) * 2008-04-24 2014-10-01 国际壳牌研究有限公司 制备含烯烃产品或汽油产品的方法
EP2133414A1 (de) * 2008-06-11 2009-12-16 Basf Se Anwendungen und Verfahren zur Vorbeugung und/oder Behandlung von Mundgeruch
EP2321388B1 (de) 2008-09-01 2015-09-30 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Selbstreinigende anordnung
WO2010040764A2 (en) 2008-10-08 2010-04-15 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Process to prepare a gas mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide
CA2736006C (en) * 2008-10-09 2014-06-17 Minli Cui Method and equipment for multistage liquefying of carbonaceous solid fuel
EP2373602B1 (de) 2008-12-22 2013-08-21 Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. Verfahren zur herstellung von methanol und/oder dimethylether
US8360342B2 (en) 2010-04-30 2013-01-29 General Electric Company Fuel injector having differential tip cooling system and method
US9079199B2 (en) 2010-06-14 2015-07-14 General Electric Company System for increasing the life of fuel injectors

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DE911313C (de) * 1943-11-21 1954-05-13 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Einrichtung zur Vergasung staubfoermiger oder feinkoerniger Brennstoffe
GB718410A (en) * 1953-01-05 1954-11-10 Babcock & Wilcox Co Method of and apparatus for gasification of a solid fuel containing carbon
GB840700A (en) * 1958-06-20 1960-07-06 Sumitomo Chemical Co A method of gasifying pulverised coal
GB840699A (en) * 1958-06-20 1960-07-06 Sumitomo Chemical Co Method of gasifying pulverised coal in vortex flow
EP0050863A1 (de) * 1980-10-24 1982-05-05 Hitachi, Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Kohle

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9051522B2 (en) 2006-12-01 2015-06-09 Shell Oil Company Gasification reactor
US8690973B2 (en) 2006-12-14 2014-04-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Entrained flow reactor for gasifying solid and liquid energy sources
WO2009036985A1 (de) 2007-09-18 2009-03-26 Uhde Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor und verfahren zur flugstromvergasung
DE102007044726A1 (de) 2007-09-18 2009-03-19 Uhde Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung
US9290709B2 (en) 2007-09-18 2016-03-22 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Gasification reactor and process for entrained-flow gasification
DE102008012734A1 (de) 2008-03-05 2009-09-10 Uhde Gmbh Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung
WO2009118082A2 (de) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur herstellung von synthesegas mit einem vergasungsreaktor mit anschliessendem quenchraum
DE102008015801A1 (de) 2008-03-27 2009-10-01 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum
KR101617899B1 (ko) 2008-03-27 2016-05-03 티센크루프 인더스트리얼 솔루션스 아게 가스화 반응기 및 연결 켄칭챔버를 구비한 합성가스 제조장치
DE102008015801B4 (de) 2008-03-27 2019-02-28 Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum
DE102008057410A1 (de) 2008-11-14 2010-05-20 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstelllung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum
US8960651B2 (en) 2008-12-04 2015-02-24 Shell Oil Company Vessel for cooling syngas
DE102009005464A1 (de) 2009-01-21 2010-08-05 Uhde Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2017635A1 (en) 1990-11-30
DE69011216D1 (de) 1994-09-08
JP2932198B2 (ja) 1999-08-09
ZA904064B (en) 1991-02-27
AU5602290A (en) 1990-12-06
JPH0324195A (ja) 1991-02-01
AU618195B2 (en) 1991-12-12
CA2017635C (en) 2000-05-09
ES2058754T3 (es) 1994-11-01
EP0400740A1 (de) 1990-12-05
DK0400740T3 (da) 1994-08-29
GB8912316D0 (en) 1989-07-12
CN1047688A (zh) 1990-12-12
DE69011216T2 (de) 1995-02-16
CN1025345C (zh) 1994-07-06

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