EP0400740B1 - Kohlenvergasungsreaktor - Google Patents
Kohlenvergasungsreaktor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0400740B1 EP0400740B1 EP90201333A EP90201333A EP0400740B1 EP 0400740 B1 EP0400740 B1 EP 0400740B1 EP 90201333 A EP90201333 A EP 90201333A EP 90201333 A EP90201333 A EP 90201333A EP 0400740 B1 EP0400740 B1 EP 0400740B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- outlet
- stack
- slag
- product gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/485—Entrained flow gasifiers
- C10J3/487—Swirling or cyclonic gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/50—Fuel charging devices
- C10J3/506—Fuel charging devices for entrained flow gasifiers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1223—Heating the gasifier by burners
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/18—Details of the gasification process, e.g. loops, autothermal operation
- C10J2300/1846—Partial oxidation, i.e. injection of air or oxygen only
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a reactor for carrying out a partial oxidation process of a finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel and an oxidant.
- Finely divided solid carbon-containing fuels are applied in processes for the preparation of synthesis gas by the partial combustion of a finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel with an oxygen-containing gas in a reactor wherein liquid slag formed during the partial combustion process is removed through an outlet in the bottom of the reactor and passed by gravity through a slag discharge means into a water bath or slag quenching vessel where it is solidified by quenching.
- finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel is generally meant coal or another solid fuel, such as brown coal, peat, wood, coke, soot etc., but mixtures of liquid or gas and particulate solid fuels, are also possible.
- a moderator is also introduced into the reactor.
- the object of the moderator is to exercise a moderating effect on the temperature on the reactor. This is ensured by endothermic reaction between the moderator and the reactants and/or products of the synthesis gas preparation.
- Suitable moderators are steam and carbon dioxide.
- the gasification is advantageously carried out at a temperature in the range from 1200 to 1700 °C and at a pressure in the range from 1 to 200 bar.
- the reactor in which the preparation of synthesis gas takes place may have any suitable shape.
- the supply of finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel and oxygen-containing gas to the reactor can take place in any manner suitable for the purpose and will not be described in detail.
- Liquid slag formed in the partial combustion reaction drops down and is drained through the outlet located in the reactor bottom.
- the fuel is fed from a supply device to a gasifier by means of a suitable carrier fluid.
- the hot product gas usually contains sticky particles which lose their stickiness upon cooling.
- the sticky particles in the hot product gas will cause problems in the plant where the product gas is further processed, since undesirable deposits of the particles on, for example, walls, valves or outlets will adversely affect the process. Moreover, such deposits are very hard to remove.
- the sticky particles may be partly or completely in the molten state; they may comprise metals, salts or ashes, and, in general, these particles lose their stickiness at a temperature below about 800 °C.
- the hot product gas is quenched in a quench section which is located above the product outlet on top of the reactor.
- a suitable quench medium such as for example water or a gas is introduced into the product gas in order to cool the product gas.
- the invention therefore provides a reactor for preventing slag lifting at the reactor top outlet and preventing slag droplets entrainment in the product gas in an exothermic partial oxidation process of a finely divided solid carbon-containing fuel and an oxidant, said reactor comprising a reactor vessel having an outlet for the product gas at its top, a slag outlet at its bottom, a plurality of burner openings in its side wall, a plurality of tangentially directed burners located on the same horizontal level at circumferential spaced points, with a specific firing angle, the reactor being provided with a quench above its outlet, characterized in that the reactor at its top outlet is connected to an extended pipe or stack, located between the reactor outlet and the quench inlet, and wherein on the lower part of said stack most of the slag leaving the said top outlet of the reactor during the partial oxidation process, will be deposited, said stack having a diameter which is considerably narrower than the diameter of the reactor and wherein the stack has a length-to-diameter ratio in the
- GB-A-718,410 discloses a reactor for carrying out the partial oxidation of pulverized coal in a two-step combination process of exothermic and endothermic reactions in a primary reaction chamber and a secondary reaction chamber. In the second reaction chamber the production of synthesis gas is completed.
- firing angle is defined as the angle between the symmetry axis of the burner jet and the line through the centre of the burner and the centre of the reactor at the same horizontal level.
- a reactor vessel 1 has been shown.
- the reactor vessel 1 is provided with a slag outlet 2 at its bottom, a plurality of tangentially fired burners 3, a gas outlet 4 at its top and a quench system 5 comprising a quench inlet 5a above the reactor outlet 4.
- the tangentially directed burners 3 are located on the same horizontal level at circumferental spaced points and cause vortex flow in the reactor vessel 1.
- the quench system 5 is at its outlet 6 connected to equipment for further treating the synthesis gas. Such equipment is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
- equipment for further treating the synthesis gas.
- Such equipment is known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
- fig. 2 the same reference numerals have been used as in fig. 1.
- the reactor 1 is provided with an extended pipe or stack 4a at its outlet 4. This extension is located between the reactor outlet 4 and the quench inlet 5a and has a predetermined length-to-diameter ratio Ls/Ds.
- the quench system 5 is located remote from the reactor outlet.
- Ls/Ds is 4 to 6 and more in particular Ls/Ds is 5 (as shown in fig. 2).
- Fig. 3a represents a tangential burner arrangement comprising 4 burners A, B, C, D.
- the burners are arranged horizontally and are directed to a central point E, which means that the firing angles are 0 degrees.
- Fig. 3b represents a tangential burner arrangement of the invention comprising 4 burners A', B', C', D' wherein the firing angles are 5 degrees.
- the firing angles according to the present invention are in the range of 3 to 5 degrees.
- the burners are directed to a central circle E′ having a determined area.
- the stack will also reduce the turbulence of the syngas. This reduction and the fact that the stack wall immediately below the quench inlet is vertical and thus much steeper than the reactor roof in fig. 1 will be beneficial to prevent slag lifting or slag entrainment.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Claims (4)
- Reaktor zum verhindern von Schlackeanhebung an dem Auslaß an der Reaktorspitze und zum Verhindern von Schlacketröpfchenabgabe in dem Produktgas bei einem exothermischen Teiloxidationsprozeß eines fein verteilten festen kohlenstoffhaltigen Brennstoffs und eines Oxidationsmittels, wobei der Reaktor einen Reaktorkessel mit einem Auslaß für das Produktgas an seiner Spitze, einen Schlackeauslaß an seinem Unterteil bzw. Boden, eine Vielzahl von Brenneröffnungen in seiner Seitenwand und eine vielzahl von tangential ausgerichteten Brennern, die auf der gleichen horizontalen Höhe an entlang des Umfangs beabstandeten Punkten mit einem spezifischen Feuerungswinkel angeordnet sind, aufweist, wobei der Reaktor mit einer Abschreckvorrichtung oberhalb seines Auslasses versehen,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß der Reaktor an seinem Auslaß an der Spitze an ein verlängertes Rohr oder einen verlängerten Schacht angeschlossen ist, das bzw. der zwischen dem Reaktorauslaß und Abschreckvorrichtungseinlaß angeordnet ist, und wobei an dem unteren Teil des Schachtes das meiste der Schlacke, die den Auslaß an der Reaktorspitze während des Teiloxidationsprozesses verläßt, abgeschieden wird, wobei der Schacht einen Durchmesser aufweist, der beträchtlich enger als der Durchmesser des Reaktors ist, und wobei der Schacht ein Verhältnis von Länge zu Durchmesser im Bereich von 4 bis 6 aufweist und wobei der Feuerungswinkel größer als 0° ist. - Der Reaktor nach Anspruch 1, wobei der Schacht ein Verhältnis von Länge zu Durchmesser von 5 hat.
- Der Reaktor nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, wobei Kreuzfäden zum Verringern des Wirbels des Produktgases in dem Schacht eingebaut sind.
- Der Reaktor nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, wobei der Feuerungswinkel 3 bis 5° beträgt.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB898912316A GB8912316D0 (en) | 1989-05-30 | 1989-05-30 | Coal gasification reactor |
GB8912316 | 1989-05-30 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0400740A1 EP0400740A1 (de) | 1990-12-05 |
EP0400740B1 true EP0400740B1 (de) | 1994-08-03 |
Family
ID=10657536
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP90201333A Expired - Lifetime EP0400740B1 (de) | 1989-05-30 | 1990-05-23 | Kohlenvergasungsreaktor |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0400740B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP2932198B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN1025345C (de) |
AU (1) | AU618195B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2017635C (de) |
DE (1) | DE69011216T2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0400740T3 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2058754T3 (de) |
GB (1) | GB8912316D0 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA904064B (de) |
Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102007044726A1 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-19 | Uhde Gmbh | Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung |
WO2009036985A1 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-26 | Uhde Gmbh | Vergasungsreaktor und verfahren zur flugstromvergasung |
DE102008012734A1 (de) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-10 | Uhde Gmbh | Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung |
DE102008015801A1 (de) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
WO2009118082A2 (de) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von synthesegas mit einem vergasungsreaktor mit anschliessendem quenchraum |
DE102008057410A1 (de) | 2008-11-14 | 2010-05-20 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstelllung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
DE102009005464A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-08-05 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
US8690973B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2014-04-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Entrained flow reactor for gasifying solid and liquid energy sources |
US8960651B2 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2015-02-24 | Shell Oil Company | Vessel for cooling syngas |
US9051522B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2015-06-09 | Shell Oil Company | Gasification reactor |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3364013B2 (ja) * | 1994-08-31 | 2003-01-08 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 石炭燃焼器 |
UA89671C2 (uk) * | 2005-05-02 | 2010-02-25 | Шелл Інтернаціонале Рісерч Маатшаппідж Б.В. | Спосіб виробництва синтез-газу |
CN101003755B (zh) * | 2006-01-19 | 2010-09-29 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | 一种多喷嘴气化炉及其气化方法 |
EP1918352B1 (de) | 2006-11-01 | 2009-12-09 | Shell Internationale Researchmaatschappij B.V. | Feste kohlenstoffhaltige Zuführung für Flüssigverfahren |
CN101200650B (zh) * | 2006-11-01 | 2012-01-18 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 将固体含碳供给料处理成液体的方法 |
DE102007027601A1 (de) | 2007-06-12 | 2008-12-18 | Uhde Gmbh | Herstellung und Kühlung von gasförmigen Kohlevergasungsprodukten |
AU2008294832B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2011-05-19 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Spray nozzle manifold and process for quenching a hot gas using such an arrangement |
US8012436B2 (en) | 2007-09-04 | 2011-09-06 | Shell Oil Company | Quenching vessel |
US8048178B2 (en) | 2007-11-20 | 2011-11-01 | Shell Oil Company | Process for producing a purified synthesis gas stream |
CN101909738B (zh) | 2008-01-16 | 2013-11-06 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 向加压反应器供应微粒固体材料的方法 |
CN102046566B (zh) * | 2008-04-24 | 2014-10-01 | 国际壳牌研究有限公司 | 制备含烯烃产品或汽油产品的方法 |
EP2133414A1 (de) * | 2008-06-11 | 2009-12-16 | Basf Se | Anwendungen und Verfahren zur Vorbeugung und/oder Behandlung von Mundgeruch |
WO2010023306A2 (en) | 2008-09-01 | 2010-03-04 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Self cleaning arrangement |
WO2010040764A2 (en) | 2008-10-08 | 2010-04-15 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Process to prepare a gas mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide |
WO2010040291A1 (zh) * | 2008-10-09 | 2010-04-15 | 中科合成油技术有限公司 | 含碳固体燃料的分级液化方法和设备 |
EP2373602B1 (de) | 2008-12-22 | 2013-08-21 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Verfahren zur herstellung von methanol und/oder dimethylether |
US8360342B2 (en) | 2010-04-30 | 2013-01-29 | General Electric Company | Fuel injector having differential tip cooling system and method |
US9079199B2 (en) | 2010-06-14 | 2015-07-14 | General Electric Company | System for increasing the life of fuel injectors |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE911313C (de) * | 1943-11-21 | 1954-05-13 | Koppers Gmbh Heinrich | Einrichtung zur Vergasung staubfoermiger oder feinkoerniger Brennstoffe |
GB718410A (en) * | 1953-01-05 | 1954-11-10 | Babcock & Wilcox Co | Method of and apparatus for gasification of a solid fuel containing carbon |
GB840699A (en) * | 1958-06-20 | 1960-07-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | Method of gasifying pulverised coal in vortex flow |
GB840700A (en) * | 1958-06-20 | 1960-07-06 | Sumitomo Chemical Co | A method of gasifying pulverised coal |
EP0050863A1 (de) * | 1980-10-24 | 1982-05-05 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Vergasen von Kohle |
-
1989
- 1989-05-30 GB GB898912316A patent/GB8912316D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-05-23 DE DE69011216T patent/DE69011216T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-05-23 EP EP90201333A patent/EP0400740B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-23 DK DK90201333.3T patent/DK0400740T3/da active
- 1990-05-23 ES ES90201333T patent/ES2058754T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-28 CN CN90103807A patent/CN1025345C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-28 ZA ZA904064A patent/ZA904064B/xx unknown
- 1990-05-28 AU AU56022/90A patent/AU618195B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-05-28 JP JP2135525A patent/JP2932198B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1990-05-28 CA CA002017635A patent/CA2017635C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9051522B2 (en) | 2006-12-01 | 2015-06-09 | Shell Oil Company | Gasification reactor |
US8690973B2 (en) | 2006-12-14 | 2014-04-08 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Entrained flow reactor for gasifying solid and liquid energy sources |
WO2009036985A1 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-26 | Uhde Gmbh | Vergasungsreaktor und verfahren zur flugstromvergasung |
DE102007044726A1 (de) | 2007-09-18 | 2009-03-19 | Uhde Gmbh | Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung |
US9290709B2 (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2016-03-22 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Gasification reactor and process for entrained-flow gasification |
DE102008012734A1 (de) | 2008-03-05 | 2009-09-10 | Uhde Gmbh | Vergasungsreaktor und Verfahren zur Flugstromvergasung |
DE102008015801A1 (de) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
WO2009118082A2 (de) | 2008-03-27 | 2009-10-01 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur herstellung von synthesegas mit einem vergasungsreaktor mit anschliessendem quenchraum |
KR101617899B1 (ko) | 2008-03-27 | 2016-05-03 | 티센크루프 인더스트리얼 솔루션스 아게 | 가스화 반응기 및 연결 켄칭챔버를 구비한 합성가스 제조장치 |
DE102008015801B4 (de) | 2008-03-27 | 2019-02-28 | Thyssenkrupp Industrial Solutions Ag | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
DE102008057410A1 (de) | 2008-11-14 | 2010-05-20 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstelllung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungsreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
US8960651B2 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2015-02-24 | Shell Oil Company | Vessel for cooling syngas |
DE102009005464A1 (de) | 2009-01-21 | 2010-08-05 | Uhde Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Synthesegas mit einem Vergasungreaktor mit anschließendem Quenchraum |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB8912316D0 (en) | 1989-07-12 |
AU5602290A (en) | 1990-12-06 |
CA2017635C (en) | 2000-05-09 |
DE69011216D1 (de) | 1994-09-08 |
JPH0324195A (ja) | 1991-02-01 |
CN1025345C (zh) | 1994-07-06 |
ZA904064B (en) | 1991-02-27 |
CN1047688A (zh) | 1990-12-12 |
DE69011216T2 (de) | 1995-02-16 |
AU618195B2 (en) | 1991-12-12 |
EP0400740A1 (de) | 1990-12-05 |
ES2058754T3 (es) | 1994-11-01 |
CA2017635A1 (en) | 1990-11-30 |
DK0400740T3 (da) | 1994-08-29 |
JP2932198B2 (ja) | 1999-08-09 |
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Legal Events
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PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
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Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): BE DE DK ES GB IT NL SE |
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17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19901220 |
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17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19920626 |
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