EP0397557A1 - Klimaanlage für einen Reisezugwagen - Google Patents

Klimaanlage für einen Reisezugwagen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0397557A1
EP0397557A1 EP90401219A EP90401219A EP0397557A1 EP 0397557 A1 EP0397557 A1 EP 0397557A1 EP 90401219 A EP90401219 A EP 90401219A EP 90401219 A EP90401219 A EP 90401219A EP 0397557 A1 EP0397557 A1 EP 0397557A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
condenser
tubes
floor
installation
compressor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90401219A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0397557B1 (de
Inventor
Georges Debresie
James Babin
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Faiveley Transport SA
Original Assignee
Faiveley Transport SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Faiveley Transport SA filed Critical Faiveley Transport SA
Publication of EP0397557A1 publication Critical patent/EP0397557A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0397557B1 publication Critical patent/EP0397557B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/006—General constructional features for mounting refrigerating machinery components
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning
    • B61D27/0018—Air-conditioning means, i.e. combining at least two of the following ways of treating or supplying air, namely heating, cooling or ventilating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
    • F25B2500/13—Vibrations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a compression air conditioning installation for a railway car intended in particular for a high-speed train.
  • such a compression air conditioning installation mainly comprises: - a compressor, in which a refrigerant is admitted, compressed and expelled under pressure in a downstream circuit; - connected to the outlet of said compressor, a condenser, in which the refrigerant is cooled by air from motor-fans, which causes its liquefaction; - A regulator followed by an evaporator, in which the refrigerant being subjected to a relatively very low pressure, vaporizes, which causes the lowering of its temperature and the production of the desired cold; - a circuit bringing the gaseous refrigerant to the inlet of the compressor after it has passed through an air treatment unit in which it has recharged calories.
  • the air conditioning system is usually located under the floor of the car, in a limited space between this floor, a wall parallel to this floor and side and transverse walls, said side walls being provided with openings for entry and the cooling air outlet.
  • the condenser of such an installation operates under a relatively high pressure corresponding to the condensing pressure of the refrigerant, while the evaporator operates under a relatively low pressure corresponding to the evaporation pressure of the fluid.
  • the high pressure circuit is connected to the low pressure circuit by the compressor on the one hand and the regulator on the other.
  • the condenser tubes in which the refrigerant liquefies are arranged horizontally between on the one hand the floor of the body and on the other hand a flat wall parallel to this floor and integral with the latter.
  • the tubes are fixed to two vertical parallel plates in which these ends are regularly distributed.
  • horizontal plates forming fins are arranged at regular intervals between the tubes, so as to channel the air flow produced by one or more fans with a horizontal axis.
  • the set of condenser tubes thus forms one or more layers of tubes, these layers being traversed by a flow of cooling air.
  • the object of the present invention is to overcome, at least partially, the various aforementioned drawbacks.
  • the subject of the present invention is a compression air conditioning installation for a railway car, intended in particular for a high-speed train, comprising: - a refrigerant compressor; - a condenser comprising tubes in which the compressed fluid is cooled by the circulation of air around the tubes and liquefied; - a regulator followed by an evaporator, supplying a refrigerating gas at low temperature, this air conditioning installation being located under the floor of the car body, in a space delimited by this floor, a wall parallel to this floor and walls side, said side walls being provided with openings for the inlet and outlet of the cooling air, characterized in that the condenser comprises at least one ply of tubes arranged obliquely relative to the floor.
  • the oblique arrangement of the condenser tubes has a priori an unfavorable aspect linked to the fact that, the cooling air flow being substantially horizontal, the air flow arriving on each surface unit of the oblique layer is less than that corresponding to the surface unit of the supposedly vertical tablecloth.
  • the calculation shows that the resulting reduction in heat exchanges can be neglected compared to the increase linked to the increase in the transverse dimension of the sheet.
  • these shock absorbers are made of blocks of elastic materials, for example rubber, having a vibratory frequency, fundamental or harmonic level, distant from the resonance frequency of the body of the car.
  • the high pressure circuit comprises, at the outlet of the compressor, an expansion pot provided a baffle allowing the circulation of the lubricating oil, the volume of said expansion pot being calculated for a vibration frequency far from that of the body.
  • these motor-fans are each provided with an envelope having, in its lower part, a thermal probe which, when it detects a temperature close to zero or negative, causes the corresponding motor-fan to stop.
  • a thermal probe which, when it detects a temperature close to zero or negative, causes the corresponding motor-fan to stop.
  • the cooling of the condenser may be sufficient without the addition of the flow of cooling air coming from the motor-fans, and this will be all the more true since, thanks to the first aspect of the invention , the overall refrigeration capacity being increased, the thermal load will be proportionally lower.
  • a refrigerant compressor 1 (see Figure 1) is connected to a condenser 2 by a high pressure line 3.
  • the condenser 2 comprises tubes 4 in which the refrigerant circulates under pressure.
  • the tubes 4 are cooled by an air flow, indicated by parallel arrows in FIG. 1, this air flow being produced by one or more motor-fans 5.
  • the cooling of the refrigerant maintained under pressure causes its liquefaction in the condenser 2.
  • the refrigerant is brought by the high pressure line 3 to a pressure reducer 7 in which it is expanded before passing into an evaporator 8 in which it vaporizes which causes a significant lowering of its temperature.
  • the evaporator 8 is itself located in an enclosure 9 where the car air treatment takes place and which is used in particular to extract the excess calories from this air by heat exchange with the refrigerant gas. After this heat exchange, the refrigerant gas returns to compressor 1.
  • FIG. 1 there is also indicated, at the high pressure outlet of the compressor 1 a pressure reducing valve 11 according to the invention (see FIG. 4) and there are shown, on either side of the compressor, two elements of flexible connection pipe 12 made of a material allowing them to work in torsion in order to be able to withstand certain jerks coming from the compressor, in particular during its start-up.
  • FIG. 2 the relative position of several of the main sub-assemblies of an air conditioning installation according to the invention is indicated diagrammatically.
  • the cooling air flow of the refrigerant is created by the suction of the fans 5.
  • the suction air flow first cools the compressor 1 then passes through the condenser tubes 2.
  • the installation is placed, at the bottom of the car, between a floor 31 and a substantially horizontal wall 32 attached to this floor by known means, not shown.
  • the cooling air enters through openings in a side wall 33 and exits through openings in a side wall 34 opposite the previous one.
  • the condenser 2 comprises a casing 13, connected in leaktight manner to the floor 31 and to the horizontal wall 32 as well as to the side walls 33, 34.
  • the casing 13 is shown partially cut away, which shows the arrangement of the tubes 4 containing the refrigerant.
  • These tubes 4 are separated by fins 14 whose flat surface makes an angle with the incident, substantially horizontal, direction of the flow of cooling air.
  • the fins 14 play the role of baffles with respect to the incident air flow and partially reflect the sound waves propagating with the air, which attenuates the sound level transmitted outside the car.
  • the casing 13 is fixed to the damping systems 16, which here consist of rubber blocks, by means of lugs 21.
  • the dampers 16 close to the floor 31 also contribute to damping the vibrations of the compressor 1, by adding their effects to those of dampers 19 placed at the base of the compressor on supports 20 integral with the condenser. A double suspension of the compressor 1 is thus produced, which is clearly more effective from the point of view of damping the vibrational phenomena which arise therein.
  • the expansion pot 11 shown schematically in FIG. 4, is connected to the HP outlet of the compressor 1 and is arranged near the latter. Its volume is determined so as not to transmit frequencies corresponding to the resonance frequency of the body, for example between 25 and 250 Hz.
  • the expansion pot 11 is designed so as to allow the collection and flow of oil droplets which come from the lubricating oil of the compressor 1 and which are entrained by the refrigerant outside the compressor.
  • it has a bottom wall 23 arranged in the extension of the bottom walls of the inlet duct and the outlet duct.
  • the pot 11 has baffles 22 provided with orifices 24 which are arranged in such a way that, near the wall 23, there is no obstacle to the circulation of the oil droplets entrained by the refrigerant.
  • FIG. 3 shows a part of the safety system intended to stop the engines of motorcycles. fans 5, when there is a risk of blockage of the blades by freezing or by accumulation of snow in their displacement volume; the system is designed so that this shutdown does not shutdown the rest of the air conditioning system.
  • each motor-fan 5 has an envelope 26, the lower part of which receives a thermal probe 27 adjusted to produce a triggering of the motor-fan 5, when the outside temperature takes a value close to zero degrees or negative without stopping the rest of the air conditioning system.
  • the various thermal probes 27 are mounted in series in a conventional manner, so that the triggering of only one of them causes the stopping of all the motors of the fans 5, but without causing the rest to stop of the air conditioning system.
  • Compressor 1 rotates at 1,500 rpm, which corresponds to a fundamental frequency of 25 Hz and to harmonics which may coincide with the resonance frequency of a railway car body, generally between 25 and 250 Hz.
  • the useful height under the car floor (between this floor and the chassis of the air conditioning system) is for example 600 mm.
  • the transverse pitch of these tubes 4 having a standardized value of 25.4 mm, the number of tubes of a single tablecloth, arranged vertically, is practically 22.
  • the available height becomes 920 mm, which corresponds practically to 35 tubes, for a single tube layer, an increase of more than 50% compared to the 22 tubes of a condenser arranged vertically.
  • This advantage is added to that provided by the inclination of the fins placed between the tubes, which allows them to act as traps for the sound waves conveyed by the cooling air.
  • the thermal powers can be respectively: - condenser: 60 kW; - evaporator: 40 kW; - compressor: 20 kW.
  • the arrangement of the tubes and the fins inside the condenser may be different from that shown in FIG. 3.
  • the tubes can also be staggered with respect to each other, these tubes being separated from each other by fins which extend in a direction perpendicular to that of the fins 14 shown in FIG. 3.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Passenger Equipment (AREA)
  • Air Humidification (AREA)
  • Pipe Accessories (AREA)
EP90401219A 1989-05-10 1990-05-09 Klimaanlage für einen Reisezugwagen Expired - Lifetime EP0397557B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8906109 1989-05-10
FR8906109A FR2646822B1 (fr) 1989-05-10 1989-05-10 Installation de climatisation pour voiture de chemin de fer

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0397557A1 true EP0397557A1 (de) 1990-11-14
EP0397557B1 EP0397557B1 (de) 1994-12-07

Family

ID=9381527

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90401219A Expired - Lifetime EP0397557B1 (de) 1989-05-10 1990-05-09 Klimaanlage für einen Reisezugwagen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US5074122A (de)
EP (1) EP0397557B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH02310115A (de)
KR (1) KR950008506B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE115078T1 (de)
AU (1) AU5485790A (de)
CA (1) CA2016260C (de)
DE (2) DE69014711T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2018457T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2646822B1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0517081A1 (de) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-09 HAGENUK FAHRZEUGKLIMA GmbH Klimakompaktgerät
EP0794098A1 (de) * 1996-03-05 1997-09-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Wandlereinrichtung für elektrische Energie für elektrische Schienenfahrzeuge
DE29915543U1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-01-18 Liebherr-Verkehrstechnik Gmbh, Wien Unterflurlüftungs-, Heizung- und/oder Klimagerät

Families Citing this family (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8914423D0 (en) * 1989-06-23 1989-08-09 Temperature Ltd Railway carriage air conditioning systems
US5927089A (en) * 1995-11-13 1999-07-27 O'donnell; Dennis W. Air conditioner for a motor vehicle
US6134897A (en) * 1997-04-23 2000-10-24 O'donnell; Dennis W. Air conditioner for motor vehicle
US5966965A (en) * 1997-12-05 1999-10-19 White Consolidated Industries, Inc. Ambient temperature control for absorption refrigerator
JP4318328B2 (ja) * 1998-05-20 2009-08-19 三菱電機株式会社 鉄道車両用空気調和装置
PL1813498T3 (pl) * 2006-01-27 2011-10-31 Bombardier Transp Gmbh Chłodzący układ przeznaczony do stosowania w pojeździe
US8037704B2 (en) * 2008-05-22 2011-10-18 Thermo King Corporation Distributed refrigeration system
GB0911287D0 (en) * 2009-06-30 2009-08-12 Agco Sa Tractor cooling package
KR101523251B1 (ko) * 2011-05-03 2015-05-28 삼성전자 주식회사 제빙장치 및 이를 구비한 냉장고
WO2012164619A1 (ja) 2011-06-01 2012-12-06 三菱電機株式会社 車両用空気調和装置
EP2799306B1 (de) 2011-12-27 2020-04-22 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Klimaanlagensystem für ein fahrzeug
US9393972B2 (en) 2012-05-09 2016-07-19 Wabtec Holding Corp. Modular support frame for railway vehicle equipment
CN110260565A (zh) * 2018-03-12 2019-09-20 郑州宇通客车股份有限公司 一种车辆及其空调冷凝器总成
US10830522B2 (en) * 2019-03-08 2020-11-10 Whirlpool Corporation Condenser bracket
CN112815607A (zh) * 2021-02-21 2021-05-18 合肥雪祺电气有限公司 散热系统及冰箱

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2111905A (en) * 1935-02-08 1938-03-22 Thermal Engineering Corp Railway car air conditioning system
CH396966A (de) * 1962-11-21 1965-08-15 Luwa Ag Klimagerät für Klimaanlage in Fahrzeugen
EP0187906A2 (de) * 1985-01-17 1986-07-23 AURORA Konrad G. Schulz GmbH & Co Vorrichtung zur Beheizung von Fahrgasträumen od.dgl., insbesondere in Omnibussen

Family Cites Families (13)

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US1886607A (en) * 1927-03-14 1932-11-08 Frigidaire Corp Refrigerating system
US1769119A (en) * 1928-01-06 1930-07-01 Chicago Pneumatic Tool Co Condensing system
US2150076A (en) * 1935-12-12 1939-03-07 York Ice Machinery Corp Refrigeration
US2100834A (en) * 1936-07-31 1937-11-30 Gen Electric Air conditioning system
US3218820A (en) * 1964-08-14 1965-11-23 Wayne Cooling Equipment Corp Air conditioning apparatus for buses and other vehicles, especially to arrangement and support of high side of refrigerating system
JPS47383U (de) * 1971-01-20 1972-08-01
US3853174A (en) * 1971-12-06 1974-12-10 D Kramer Dual voltage speed control for forced air heat exchanger
US3785167A (en) * 1972-12-11 1974-01-15 Amana Refrigeration Inc Noise reduction means for connecting refrigerant compressors in air conditioners
JPS5146741A (en) * 1974-10-18 1976-04-21 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Kukichowakino seigyosochi
JPS5530877A (en) * 1978-08-28 1980-03-04 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Coil winding for induction device
JPS5746210U (de) * 1980-08-29 1982-03-15
JPS62221913A (ja) * 1986-02-17 1987-09-30 Hitachi Ltd 車両用ヒ−トポンプ空調装置
KR960007043B1 (ko) * 1987-04-30 1996-05-27 가부시기가이샤 히다찌 세이사꾸쇼 철도차량용 공기조화장치

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2111905A (en) * 1935-02-08 1938-03-22 Thermal Engineering Corp Railway car air conditioning system
CH396966A (de) * 1962-11-21 1965-08-15 Luwa Ag Klimagerät für Klimaanlage in Fahrzeugen
EP0187906A2 (de) * 1985-01-17 1986-07-23 AURORA Konrad G. Schulz GmbH & Co Vorrichtung zur Beheizung von Fahrgasträumen od.dgl., insbesondere in Omnibussen

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0517081A1 (de) * 1991-06-05 1992-12-09 HAGENUK FAHRZEUGKLIMA GmbH Klimakompaktgerät
EP0794098A1 (de) * 1996-03-05 1997-09-10 Hitachi, Ltd. Wandlereinrichtung für elektrische Energie für elektrische Schienenfahrzeuge
DE29915543U1 (de) * 1999-09-03 2001-01-18 Liebherr-Verkehrstechnik Gmbh, Wien Unterflurlüftungs-, Heizung- und/oder Klimagerät

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR950008506B1 (ko) 1995-07-31
ATE115078T1 (de) 1994-12-15
CA2016260C (en) 1993-10-05
FR2646822B1 (fr) 1992-05-29
ES2018457A4 (es) 1991-04-16
EP0397557B1 (de) 1994-12-07
JPH02310115A (ja) 1990-12-25
KR900017858A (ko) 1990-12-20
US5074122A (en) 1991-12-24
CA2016260A1 (en) 1990-11-10
ES2018457T3 (es) 1995-04-01
FR2646822A1 (fr) 1990-11-16
AU5485790A (en) 1990-11-15
DE69014711D1 (de) 1995-01-19
DE397557T1 (de) 1991-03-21
DE69014711T2 (de) 1995-07-06

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