EP0394848A1 - Wetting agent for alkaline textile treating baths - Google Patents
Wetting agent for alkaline textile treating baths Download PDFInfo
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- EP0394848A1 EP0394848A1 EP90107479A EP90107479A EP0394848A1 EP 0394848 A1 EP0394848 A1 EP 0394848A1 EP 90107479 A EP90107479 A EP 90107479A EP 90107479 A EP90107479 A EP 90107479A EP 0394848 A1 EP0394848 A1 EP 0394848A1
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- Prior art keywords
- alkyl
- alkali
- glycerol
- use according
- ammonium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/262—Sulfated compounds thiosulfates
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
- D06M11/32—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/36—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with oxygen, ozone, ozonides, oxides, hydroxides or percompounds; Salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond with oxides, hydroxides or mixed oxides; with salts derived from anions with an amphoteric element-oxygen bond
- D06M11/38—Oxides or hydroxides of elements of Groups 1 or 11 of the Periodic System
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
- D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
- D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S516/00—Colloid systems and wetting agents; subcombinations thereof; processes of
- Y10S516/01—Wetting, emulsifying, dispersing, or stabilizing agents
- Y10S516/03—Organic sulfoxy compound containing
- Y10S516/05—Organic amine, amide, or n-base containing
Definitions
- the invention relates to the use of mixtures containing A. unsaturated C16 ⁇ 22-carboxylic acid-C16 ⁇ 22-alkenyl ester sulfonates and B. at least one surfactant from the group of sulfates, as wetting agents in aqueous alkaline treatment agents for yarns or textile fabrics.
- Cotton contains natural impurities, for example waxes, wax-like substances, proteins, seed husks, fruit capsules and pectins, as well as impurities that are applied as foreign substances in the course of processing, such as paraffins and / or mineral oils.
- impurities for example waxes, wax-like substances, proteins, seed husks, fruit capsules and pectins, as well as impurities that are applied as foreign substances in the course of processing, such as paraffins and / or mineral oils.
- the contamination of wool, of regenerated fibers, such as viscose rayon, and of synthetic fibers, such as polyester and polyamide, comes from the treatment with preparation agents (Chwala / Anger in "Handbook of Textile Aids", pages 526-528, 537, 558 ff., Verlag Chemie Weinheim 1977).
- textile fiber materials in particular cellulose-containing textile fiber materials, are usually subjected to a pretreatment.
- Mercerizing liquors, bleaches, cleaning agents, decoction agents and degreasing agents are examples of pretreatment and bleaching agents.
- Wetting agents that are contained in such treatment agents must be water-soluble and alkali-stable and must ensure uniform wetting of the textile material. Furthermore, they should be able to be added to the treatment agents in a simple manner, i. H. be in a liquid state at room temperature. In addition, wetting agents should be ecologically harmless. H. biodegradable and have no toxic effects on aquatic organisms.
- the object of the invention was to develop liquid, water-soluble and alkali-stable wetting agents which can be used in alkaline treatment agents for textile fabrics or yarns.
- Mixtures in which the weight ratio of components A: B is between 4: 1 and 1: 1 are preferably used as wetting agents.
- Sulfonated, unsaturated C16 ⁇ 22-carboxylic acid-C16 ⁇ 22-alkenyl esters are known compounds which, according to DE 38 09 822, are obtained by sulfonating esters, prepared by reacting unsaturated C16 ⁇ 22-carboxylic acids with C16 ⁇ 22-alkenyl alcohols, and then neutralizing them Allow sulfonation products to be prepared with aqueous solutions of alkali and / or alkaline earth hydroxides, for example NaOH or KOH, ammonia or amines, such as ethanolamine or triethanolamine.
- alkali and / or alkaline earth hydroxides for example NaOH or KOH, ammonia or amines, such as ethanolamine or triethanolamine.
- Particularly suitable sulfonating agents are SO3-containing gas mixtures, for example SO3 / nitrogen or SO3 / air mixtures, with SO3 contents between 1 and 10 vol .-%. 0.6 to 1.8 moles of SO3, preferably 1.0 to 1.3 moles of SO3 are used per mole of olefinic double bond.
- the preparation of the sulfonated esters is carried out continuously or batchwise at temperatures between 15 and 80 ° C. in conventional reactors suitable and customary for the sulfonation of fatty acid esters, alkylbenzenes or olefins, preferably of the falling film reactor type.
- Suitable carboxylic acid components of the esters to be sulfonated are unsaturated C16 ⁇ 22 carboxylic acids of natural and / or synthetic origin, preferably unsaturated fatty acids with 16 to 22 C atoms, e.g. B. palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, petroselinic acid, gadoleic acid and / or erucic acid and / or technical fatty acid mixtures consisting predominantly of unsaturated C16 ⁇ 22 fatty acids.
- Fatty acids, fatty acid mixtures and technical fatty acid mixtures are obtained from vegetable and / or animal oils and / or fats, for example beef tallow, lard, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and / or sunflower oil.
- technical fatty acid mixtures can contain small amounts of saturated fatty acids with 16 to 22 carbon atoms, which, however, do not interfere.
- Suitable alcohol components of the esters to be sulfonated are C16 ⁇ 22 alkenyl alcohols of natural and / or synthetic origin, preferably unsaturated fatty alcohols with 16 up to 22 carbon atoms, for example palmitoleyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol and / or erucyl alcohol and / or technical fatty alcohol mixtures consisting predominantly of unsaturated fatty alcohols with 16 to 22 carbon atoms.
- the proportions of saturated fatty alcohols contained in technical fatty alcohol mixtures do not interfere.
- Fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol mixtures and technical fatty alcohol mixtures can be obtained by known processes from the vegetable and / or animal oils and / or fats listed above by way of example.
- Examples of particularly preferred unsaturated fatty acid fatty alkyl esters are eruclerucate and / or oleyl oleate.
- Alkyl and / or alkenyl sulfates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and / or amine salts are prepared in a manner known per se by sulfating the corresponding alkyl and / or alkenyl alcohols with chlorosulfonic acid or sulfur trioxide.
- the resulting sulfuric acid half-esters of the alcohols are then neutralized with, for example, alkali metal hydroxide solution, such as sodium hydroxide solution, aqueous solutions of alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonia or alkanolamines, such as monoethanolamine or triethanolamine (Winnacker / Küchler in "Chemical Technology", Volume 7, pages 120 - 123, Carl- Hanser Verlag, Kunststoff-Vienna, 1986).
- alkali metal hydroxide solution such as sodium hydroxide solution
- aqueous solutions of alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as alkaline earth metal hydroxides
- ammonia or alkanolamines such as monoethanolamine or triethanolamine
- Alkyl alcohols have 6 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl alcohols 16 to 18 carbon atoms.
- alkyl and / or alkenyl alcohols are hexyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, decyl, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl alcohol and mixtures of these alcohols.
- glycerol ether sulfates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and / or amine salts are base-catalyzed Reactions of glycerol and / or alkoxylated glycerols with double stoichiometric amounts of alkyl halides, preferably alkyl chlorides, are accessible.
- alkyl halides can be straight and / or branched and have 1 to 10 C atoms, preferably 4 to 8 C atoms.
- the OH groups of the glycerol ethers formed are sulfated under the abovementioned conditions and then the sulfuric acid half-esters formed are neutralized.
- Sulphated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers can be prepared by the process described in EP 299 370 by sulfating hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers of the general formula II R - O- (C n H 2n O) -CH2 - -R1 with chlorosulfonic acid or SO3 / inert gas mixtures and subsequent neutralization with, for example, alkali metal solutions, such as sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia, or amines, such as C1 ⁇ 4-alkylamines or triethanolamine.
- alkali metal solutions such as sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia, or amines, such as C1 ⁇ 4-alkylamines or triethanolamine.
- the ethers of the general formula II are according to EP 299 370 by reacting epoxides of the general formula III with alkoxylated, linear or branched chain alkyl alcohols of the general formula IV R - O- (C n H 2n O) -H at temperatures between 100 and 180 ° C, preferably between 150 and 160 ° C, in the presence of catalysts, for example sodium methylate.
- Suitable sulfated hydroxyalkylalkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers are those of the general formula I in which R is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, R 1 is a linear or branched chain alkyl radical having 6 to 18 C atoms, M is an alkali metal and / or ammonium cation and the indices n 2 or 3 and x represent a number between 2 and 10.
- the mixtures according to the invention to be used as wetting agents containing components A. and B., are prepared by mixing at temperatures between 18 and 25 ° C. If the mixtures contain several surfactants from the group of sulfates, the sulfates can be used with one another in any weight ratio.
- the mixtures to be used according to the invention may contain, as further constituents, straight and / or branched chain C2 ⁇ 12 alkyl alcohols of natural and / or synthetic origin, for example 2-ethylhexanol, n-octanol and / or n-decanol, and / or defoamers, for example alkyl phosphates, such as tri-n-butyl phosphate, and / or dialkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers such as C12 ⁇ 18 coconut fatty alkyl (OCH2CH2) 5-on-butyl.
- the weight ratio of components A. and B. to the optional components is between 10: 1 and 1: 1.
- the mixtures according to the invention are clear, aqueous, neutral to alkaline solutions with active substance contents between 30 and 80% by weight. They can be easily incorporated into pretreatment and bleaching agents for preferably cellulose-containing yarns or textile fabrics, such as woven, knitted or crocheted fabrics, and are characterized by good wetting properties combined with high stability to alkali.
- the mixtures according to the invention can be used in alkaline cold bleaching liquors, hot bleaching liquors, mercerizing liquors, alkaline boiling and degreasing agents, desizing processes and / or to improve the liquor uptake in dyeing processes.
- the content of mixtures to be used according to the invention without optional constituents is between 3.0 and 10 g / l, based on the active substance.
- Aqueous alkaline bleaching liquors in which the mixtures to be used according to the invention are preferably used, contain hydrogen peroxide or compounds which form hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution as the bleaching agent.
- the pH of these bleaching agents is adjusted to 10 to 14 with bases, for example with NaOH and / or KOH.
- the textile fabrics are bleached at temperatures between 15 and 90 ° C,
- the immersion wetting power was determined in a cold bleaching liquor at 20 ° C. in accordance with DIN 53 901.
- the cold bleaching liquor contained 0.15 g of MgSO4 ⁇ 7 H2O, 15 ml of sodium water glass, 38/40 ° Be, 16 ml of 50% by weight sodium hydroxide solution, 2 g of complexing agent per liter of liquor (Securon R 540, Henkel KGaA), 35 ml 35% by weight hydrogen peroxide and a wetting agent mixture specified under 1 or 2.
- the results are summarized in Table 1.
- the foaming power of the cold bleaching liquors of the above compositions was determined in accordance with DIN 53902 in the Götte whipped foam apparatus.
Abstract
Es werden Mischungen beschrieben, die A. ungesättigte C16-22-Carbonsäure-C16-22-alkenylestersulfonate und B. mindestens ein Tensid aus der Gruppe der Sulfate enthalten und die in wäßrigen alkalischen Behandlungsmitteln für Garne oder textile Flächengebilde als Netzmittel verwendet werden.Mixtures are described which contain A. unsaturated C16-22-carboxylic acid-C16-22-alkenyl ester sulfonates and B. at least one surfactant from the group of the sulfates and which are used as wetting agents in aqueous alkaline treatment agents for yarns or textile fabrics.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft die Verwendung von Mischungen, enthaltend A. ungesättigte C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäure-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenylestersulfonate und B. mindestens ein Tensid aus der Gruppe der Sulfate, als Netzmittel in wäßrigen alkalischen Behandlungsmitteln für Garne oder textile Flächengebilde.The invention relates to the use of mixtures containing A. unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂-carboxylic acid-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenyl ester sulfonates and B. at least one surfactant from the group of sulfates, as wetting agents in aqueous alkaline treatment agents for yarns or textile fabrics.
Baumwolle enthält natürliche Verunreinigungen, beispielsweise Wachse, wachsartige Substanzen, Proteine, Samenschalen, Fruchtkapseln und Pectine, sowie Verunreinigungen, die im Zuge der Verarbeitung als Fremdsubstanzen aufgebracht werden, wie Paraffine und/oder Mineralöle. Die Verunreinigungen von Wolle, von Regeneratfasern, wie Viskose-Reyon, und von Synthesefasern, wie Polyester und Polyamid, stammen aus der Behandlung mit Präparationsmitteln (Chwala/Anger in "Handbuch der Textilhilfsmittel", Seiten 526 - 528, 537, 558 ff., Verlag Chemie Weinheim 1977). Zur möglichst vollständigen Entfernung dieser beispielhaft aufgezählten Verunreinigungen werden Textilfasermaterialien, insbesondere cellulosehaltige Textilfasermaterialien, üblicherweise einer Vorbehandlung unterworfen.Cotton contains natural impurities, for example waxes, wax-like substances, proteins, seed husks, fruit capsules and pectins, as well as impurities that are applied as foreign substances in the course of processing, such as paraffins and / or mineral oils. The contamination of wool, of regenerated fibers, such as viscose rayon, and of synthetic fibers, such as polyester and polyamide, comes from the treatment with preparation agents (Chwala / Anger in "Handbook of Textile Aids", pages 526-528, 537, 558 ff., Verlag Chemie Weinheim 1977). To remove these impurities listed as completely as possible, textile fiber materials, in particular cellulose-containing textile fiber materials, are usually subjected to a pretreatment.
Wäßrige Behandlungsmittel zur Vorbehandlung und zum Bleichen von natürlichen Fasern, wie Baumwolle, oder von Mischungen aus natürlichen und synthetischen Fasern, wie Baumwolle/Polyester oder Baumwolle/Polyamid, erfordern den Zusatz von Netzmitteln, um einen rascheren und innigeren Kontakt zwischen dem Behandlungsmittel und dem Textilmaterial zu erzielen. Mercerisierlaugen, Bleichmittel, Reinigungsmittel, Abkochmittel und Entfettungsmittel sind Beispiele für Vorbehandlungs- und Bleichmittel. Netzmittel, die in solchen Behandlungsmitteln enthalten sind, müssen wasserlöslich und alkalistabil sein sowie eine gleichmäßige Netzung des Textilmaterials gewährleisten. Des weiteren sollen sie in einfacher Weise den Behandlungsmitteln zugesetzt werden können, d. h. bei Raumtemperatur in flüssigem Zustand vorliegen. Darüber hinaus sollen Netzmittel ökologisch unbedenklich sein, d. h. biologisch gut abgebaut werden und keine toxische Wirkung gegenüber Wasserorganismen besitzen.Aqueous treatment agents for the pretreatment and bleaching of natural fibers, such as cotton, or of mixtures of natural and synthetic fibers, such as cotton / polyester or cotton / polyamide, require the addition of wetting agents in order to achieve faster and more intimate contact between the treatment agent and the textile material to achieve. Mercerizing liquors, bleaches, cleaning agents, decoction agents and degreasing agents are examples of pretreatment and bleaching agents. Wetting agents that are contained in such treatment agents must be water-soluble and alkali-stable and must ensure uniform wetting of the textile material. Furthermore, they should be able to be added to the treatment agents in a simple manner, i. H. be in a liquid state at room temperature. In addition, wetting agents should be ecologically harmless. H. biodegradable and have no toxic effects on aquatic organisms.
Die Aufgabe der Erfindung bestand in der Entwicklung von flüssigen, wasserlöslichen und alkalistabilen Netzmitteln, die in alkalischen Behandlungsmitteln für textile Flächengebilde oder Garne eingesetzt werden können.The object of the invention was to develop liquid, water-soluble and alkali-stable wetting agents which can be used in alkaline treatment agents for textile fabrics or yarns.
Es wurde gefunden, daß die an Netzmittel gestellten hohen Anforderungen von sulfonierten, ungesättigten C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäure-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenylestern in Kombination mit mindestens einem Tensid aus der Gruppe der Sulfate weitgehend erfüllt werden.It has been found that the high demands placed on wetting agents by sulfonated, unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂ carboxylic acid C₁₆₋₂₂ alkenyl esters in combination with at least one surfactant from the group of sulfates are largely met.
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist dementsprechend die Verwendung von Mischungen, enthaltend
- A. ungesättigte C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäure-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenylestersulfonate in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze und
- B. C₆₋₁₈-Alkyl- und/oder C₁₆₋₁₈-Alkenylsulfate in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze und/oder
Glycerinethersulfate in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze, hergestellt durch basenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Glycerin und/oder alkoxylierten Glycerinen mit C₁₋₁₀-Alkylhalogeniden und anschließende Sulfatierung der gebildeten Glycerinether und/oder
sulfatierte Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyalkylenglycolether der allgemeinen Formel I
- A. unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂-carboxylic acid-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenyl ester sulfonates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and / or amine salts and
- B. C₆₋₁₈ alkyl and / or C₁₆₋₁₈ alkenyl sulfates in the form of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and / or amine salts and / or
Glycerol ether sulfates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and / or amine salts, prepared by base-catalyzed reaction of glycerol and / or alkoxylated glycerols with C₁₋₁₀ alkyl halides and subsequent sulfation of the glycerol ethers and / or
sulfated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers of the general formula I
Als Netzmittel werden vorzugsweise solche Mischungen verwendet, in denen das Gewichtsverhältnis der Komponenten A : B zwischen 4 : 1 und 1 : 1 liegt.Mixtures in which the weight ratio of components A: B is between 4: 1 and 1: 1 are preferably used as wetting agents.
Sulfonierte, ungesättigte C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäure-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenylester sind bekannte Verbindungen, die sich gemäß DE 38 09 822 durch Sulfonierung von Estern, hergestellt durch Umsetzung ungesättigter C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäuren mit C₁₆₋₂₂-Alkenylalkoholen, und anschließende Neutralisation der Sulfonierungsprodukte mit wäßrigen Lösungen von Alkali- und/oder Erdalkalihydroxiden, beispielsweise NaOH oder KOH, Ammoniak oder Aminen, wie Ethanolamin oder Triethanolamin, herstellen lassen. Als Sulfonierungsmittel eignen sich insbesondere SO₃-haltige Gasgemische, beispielsweise SO₃/Stickstoff- oder SO₃/Luft-Gemische, mit SO₃-Gehalten zwischen 1 und 10 Vol.-%. Pro Mol olefinischer Doppelbindung werden 0,6 bis 1,8 Mol SO₃, vorzugsweise 1,0 bis 1,3 Mol SO₃ eingesetzt. Die Herstellung der sulfonierten Ester wird in üblichen, für die Sulfonierung von Fettsäureestern, Alkylbenzolen oder Olefinen geeigneten und gebräuchlichen Reaktoren, vorzugsweise vom Typ des Fallfilmreaktors, kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich bei Temperaturen zwischen 15 und 80 °C durchgeführt. Als Carbonsäurekomponente der zu sulfonierenden Ester eignen sich ungesättigte C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäuren natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Ursprungs, vorzugsweise ungesättigte Fettsäuren mit 16 bis 22 C-Atomen, z. B. Palmitoleinsäure, Ölsäure, Petroselinsäure, Gadoleinsäure und/oder Erucasäure und/oder technische, überwiegend aus ungesättigten C₁₆₋₂₂-Fettsäuren bestehende Fettsäuregemische. Fettsäuren, Fettsäuregemische sowie technische Fettsäuregemische werden aus pflanzlichen und/oder tierischen Ölen und/oder Fetten, beispielsweise Rindertalg, Schweineschmalz, Rapsöl, Sojaöl und/oder Sonnenblumenöl, gewonnen. In Abhängigkeit von den eingesetzten Fetten und/oder Ölen können technische Fettsäuregemische geringe Anteile gesättigter Fettsäuren mit 16 bis 22 C-Atomen enthalten, die jedoch nicht stören. Als Alkoholkomponente der zu sulfonierenden Ester eignen sich C₁₆₋₂₂-Alkenylalkohole natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Ursprungs, vorzugsweise ungesättigte Fettalkohole mit 16 bis 22 C-Atomen, beispielsweise Palmitoleylalkohol, Oleylalkohol, Gadoleylalkohol und/oder Erucylalkohol und/oder technische, überwiegend aus ungesättigten Fettalkoholen mit 16 bis 22 C-Atomen bestehende Fettalkoholgemische. Die in technischen Fettalkoholgemischen enthaltenen Anteile gesättigter Fettalkohole stören nicht. Fettalkohole, Fettalkoholgemische und technische Fettalkoholgemische sind nach bekannten Verfahren aus den obengenannten, beispielhaft aufgezählten pflanzlichen und/oder tierischen Ölen und/oder Fetten zugänglich. Beispiele für besonders bevorzugte ungesättigte Fettsäurefettalkylester sind Erucylerucat und/oder Oleyloleat.Sulfonated, unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂-carboxylic acid-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenyl esters are known compounds which, according to DE 38 09 822, are obtained by sulfonating esters, prepared by reacting unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂-carboxylic acids with C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenyl alcohols, and then neutralizing them Allow sulfonation products to be prepared with aqueous solutions of alkali and / or alkaline earth hydroxides, for example NaOH or KOH, ammonia or amines, such as ethanolamine or triethanolamine. Particularly suitable sulfonating agents are SO₃-containing gas mixtures, for example SO₃ / nitrogen or SO₃ / air mixtures, with SO₃ contents between 1 and 10 vol .-%. 0.6 to 1.8 moles of SO₃, preferably 1.0 to 1.3 moles of SO₃ are used per mole of olefinic double bond. The preparation of the sulfonated esters is carried out continuously or batchwise at temperatures between 15 and 80 ° C. in conventional reactors suitable and customary for the sulfonation of fatty acid esters, alkylbenzenes or olefins, preferably of the falling film reactor type. Suitable carboxylic acid components of the esters to be sulfonated are unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂ carboxylic acids of natural and / or synthetic origin, preferably unsaturated fatty acids with 16 to 22 C atoms, e.g. B. palmitoleic acid, oleic acid, petroselinic acid, gadoleic acid and / or erucic acid and / or technical fatty acid mixtures consisting predominantly of unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂ fatty acids. Fatty acids, fatty acid mixtures and technical fatty acid mixtures are obtained from vegetable and / or animal oils and / or fats, for example beef tallow, lard, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and / or sunflower oil. Depending on the fats and / or oils used, technical fatty acid mixtures can contain small amounts of saturated fatty acids with 16 to 22 carbon atoms, which, however, do not interfere. Suitable alcohol components of the esters to be sulfonated are C₁₆₋₂₂ alkenyl alcohols of natural and / or synthetic origin, preferably unsaturated fatty alcohols with 16 up to 22 carbon atoms, for example palmitoleyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol and / or erucyl alcohol and / or technical fatty alcohol mixtures consisting predominantly of unsaturated fatty alcohols with 16 to 22 carbon atoms. The proportions of saturated fatty alcohols contained in technical fatty alcohol mixtures do not interfere. Fatty alcohols, fatty alcohol mixtures and technical fatty alcohol mixtures can be obtained by known processes from the vegetable and / or animal oils and / or fats listed above by way of example. Examples of particularly preferred unsaturated fatty acid fatty alkyl esters are eruclerucate and / or oleyl oleate.
Die Herstellung von Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylsulfaten in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze erfolgt in an sich bekannter Weise durch Sulfatierung der entsprechenden Alkylund/oder Alkenylalkohole mit Chlorsulfonsäure oder Schwefeltrioxid. Die dabei entstehenden Schwefelsäurehalbester der Alkohole werden anschließend mit beispielsweise Alkalilauge, wie Natronlauge, wäßrigen Lösungen von Erdalkalihydroxiden, Ammoniak oder Alkanolaminen, wie Monoethanolamin oder Triethanolamin, neutralisiert (Winnacker/Küchler in "Chemische Technologie", Band 7, Seiten 120 - 123, Carl-Hanser-Verlag, München-Wien, 1986). Die Edukte Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylalkohole können gerad- und/oder verzweigtkettig, natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Ursprungs sein. Alkylalkohole besitzen 6 bis 18 C-Atome, vorzugsweise 8 bis 12 C-Atome, Alkenylalkohole 16 bis 18 C-Atome. Beispiele für Alkyl- und/oder Alkenylalkohole sind Hexyl-, Octyl-, 2-Ethylhexyl-, Decyl-, Lauryl-, Myristyl-, Cetyl-, Stearyl-, Oleylalkohol sowie Mischungen dieser Alkohole.Alkyl and / or alkenyl sulfates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and / or amine salts are prepared in a manner known per se by sulfating the corresponding alkyl and / or alkenyl alcohols with chlorosulfonic acid or sulfur trioxide. The resulting sulfuric acid half-esters of the alcohols are then neutralized with, for example, alkali metal hydroxide solution, such as sodium hydroxide solution, aqueous solutions of alkaline earth metal hydroxides, ammonia or alkanolamines, such as monoethanolamine or triethanolamine (Winnacker / Küchler in "Chemical Technology", Volume 7, pages 120 - 123, Carl- Hanser Verlag, Munich-Vienna, 1986). The starting materials alkyl and / or alkenyl alcohols can be straight and / or branched, natural and / or synthetic in origin. Alkyl alcohols have 6 to 18 carbon atoms, preferably 8 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl alcohols 16 to 18 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl and / or alkenyl alcohols are hexyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, decyl, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl alcohol and mixtures of these alcohols.
Glycerinethersulfate in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze sind nach Williamson durch basenkatalysierte Umsetzungen von Glycerin und/oder alkoxylierten Glycerinen mit doppelt stöchiometischen Mengen an Alkylhalogeniden, vorzugsweise Alkylchloriden, zugänglich. Die Alkylhalogenide können gerad- und/oder verzweigtkettig sein und besitzen 1 bis 10 C-Atome, vorzugsweise 4 bis 8 C-Atome. Die OH-Gruppen der gebildeten Glycerinether werden unter den oben genannten Bedingungen sulfatiert und anschließend die gebildeten Schwefelsäurehalbester neutralisiert.According to Williamson, glycerol ether sulfates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and / or amine salts are base-catalyzed Reactions of glycerol and / or alkoxylated glycerols with double stoichiometric amounts of alkyl halides, preferably alkyl chlorides, are accessible. The alkyl halides can be straight and / or branched and have 1 to 10 C atoms, preferably 4 to 8 C atoms. The OH groups of the glycerol ethers formed are sulfated under the abovementioned conditions and then the sulfuric acid half-esters formed are neutralized.
Sulfatierte Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyalkylenglycolether lassen sich nach dem in EP 299 370 beschriebenen Verfahren durch Sulfatierung von Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyalkylenglycolethern der allgemeinen Formel II
R - O-(CnH2nO)
mit Chlorsulfonsäure oder SO₃/Inertgas-Gemischen und anschließender Neutralisation mit beispielsweise Alkalilaugen, wie Natronlauge, Ammoniak, oder Aminen, wie C₁₋₄-Alkylaminen oder Triethanolamin, herstellen. Die Ether der allgemeinen Formel II sind gemäß EP 299 370 durch Umsetzung von Epoxiden der allgemeinen Formel III
R - O-(CnH2nO)
bei Temperaturen zwischen 100 und 180 °C, vorzugsweise zwischen 150 und 160 °C, in Gegenwart von Katalysatoren, beispielsweise Natriummethylat, erhältlich. Als sulfatierte Hydroxyalkylalkylpolyalkylenglycolether eignen sich solche der allgemeinen Formel I, in der R einen gerad- oder verzweigtkettigen Alkylrest mit 1 bis 6 C-Atomen, R¹ einen linearen oder verzweigtkettigen Alkylrest mit 6 bis 18 C-Atomen, M ein Alkalimetall- und/oder Ammoniumkation und die Indices n 2 oder 3 und x eine Zahl zwischen 2 und 10 bedeuten. Sulfatierte Hydroxyalkylalkylpolyalkylenglycolether der allgemeinen Formel I, in der R einen gerad- oder verzweigtkettigen Alkylrest mit 2 bis 5 C-Atomen, R¹ einen gerad- oder verzweigtkettigen Alkylrest mit 8 bis 16 C-Atomen, M ein Alkalimetallkation und die indices n 2 und x eine Zahl zwische 2 und 6 bedeuten, werden bevorzugt in den erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen eingesetzt.Sulphated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers can be prepared by the process described in EP 299 370 by sulfating hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers of the general formula II
R - O- (C n H 2n O)
with chlorosulfonic acid or SO₃ / inert gas mixtures and subsequent neutralization with, for example, alkali metal solutions, such as sodium hydroxide solution, ammonia, or amines, such as C₁₋₄-alkylamines or triethanolamine. The ethers of the general formula II are according to EP 299 370 by reacting epoxides of the general formula III
R - O- (C n H 2n O)
at temperatures between 100 and 180 ° C, preferably between 150 and 160 ° C, in the presence of catalysts, for example sodium methylate. Suitable sulfated hydroxyalkylalkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers are those of the general formula I in which R is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical having 1 to 6 C atoms, R 1 is a linear or branched chain alkyl radical having 6 to 18 C atoms, M is an alkali metal and / or ammonium cation and the indices n 2 or 3 and x represent a number between 2 and 10. Sulphated hydroxyalkyl alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers of the general formula I in which R is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, R 1 is a straight or branched chain alkyl radical having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, M is an alkali metal cation and the indices n 2 and x one Numbers between 2 and 6 mean are preferably used in the mixtures according to the invention.
Die erfindungsgemäß als Netzmittel zu verwendenden Mischungen, enthaltend die Komponenten A. und B., werden durch Mischen bei Temperaturen zwischen 18 und 25 °C hergestellt. Sofern die Mischungen mehrere Tenside aus der Gruppe der Sulfate enthalten, können die Sulfate untereinander in jedem beliebigen Gewichtsverhältnis eingesetzt werden. Die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Mischungen können als weitere Bestandteile gerad- und/oder verzweigtkettige C₂₋₁₂-Alkylalkohole natürlichen und/oder synthetischen Ursprungs, beispielsweise 2-Ethylhexanol, n-Octanol und/oder n-Decanol, und/oder Entschäumer, beispielsweise Alkylphosphate, wie Tri-n-butylphosphat, und/oder Dialkylpolyalkylenglycolether, wie C₁₂₋₁₈-Kokosfettalkyl(OCH₂CH₂)₅-O-n-butyl, enthalten. Das Gewichtsverhältnis der Komponenten A. und B. zu den fakultativen Bestandteilen liegt zwischen 10 : 1 und 1 : 1.The mixtures according to the invention to be used as wetting agents, containing components A. and B., are prepared by mixing at temperatures between 18 and 25 ° C. If the mixtures contain several surfactants from the group of sulfates, the sulfates can be used with one another in any weight ratio. The mixtures to be used according to the invention may contain, as further constituents, straight and / or branched chain C₂₋₁₂ alkyl alcohols of natural and / or synthetic origin, for example 2-ethylhexanol, n-octanol and / or n-decanol, and / or defoamers, for example alkyl phosphates, such as tri-n-butyl phosphate, and / or dialkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers such as C₁₂₋₁₈ coconut fatty alkyl (OCH₂CH₂) ₅-on-butyl. The weight ratio of components A. and B. to the optional components is between 10: 1 and 1: 1.
Die erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen sind klare, wäßrige, neutrale bis alkalische Lösungen mit Aktivsubstanzgehalten zwischen 30 und 80 Gew.-%. Sie lassen sich in einfacher Weise in Vorbehandlungs- und Bleichmitteln für vorzugsweise cellulosehaltige Garne oder textile Flächengebilde, wie Gewebe, Gewirke oder Gestricke, einarbeiten und zeichnen sich durch gute Netzeigenschaften kombiniert mit hoher Alkalistabilität aus. Die erfindungsgemäßen Mischungen können in alkalischen Kaltbleichflotten, Heißbleichflotten, Mercerisierlaugen, alkalischen Abkoch- und Entfettungsmitteln, Entschlichtungsprozessen und/oder zur Verbesserung der Flottenaufnahme in Färbeprozessen eingesetzt werden. In den Flotten liegt der Gehalt an erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Mischungen ohne fakultative Bestandteile zwischen 3,0 und 10 g/l, bezogen auf Aktivsubstanz.The mixtures according to the invention are clear, aqueous, neutral to alkaline solutions with active substance contents between 30 and 80% by weight. They can be easily incorporated into pretreatment and bleaching agents for preferably cellulose-containing yarns or textile fabrics, such as woven, knitted or crocheted fabrics, and are characterized by good wetting properties combined with high stability to alkali. The mixtures according to the invention can be used in alkaline cold bleaching liquors, hot bleaching liquors, mercerizing liquors, alkaline boiling and degreasing agents, desizing processes and / or to improve the liquor uptake in dyeing processes. In the liquors, the content of mixtures to be used according to the invention without optional constituents is between 3.0 and 10 g / l, based on the active substance.
Wäßrige alkalische Bleichflotten, in denen die erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Mischungen vorzugsweise eingesetzt werden, enthalten als bleichendes Agenz Wasserstoffperoxid oder Verbindungen, die in wäßriger Lösung Wasserstoffperoxid bilden. Der pH-Wert dieser Bleichmittel wird mit Basen, beispielsweise mit NaOH und/oder KOH auf 10 bis 14 eingestellt. Die zum Bleichen von natürlichen Fasern, beispielsweise Baumwolle und/oder Wolle, oder von Mischungen aus natürlichen und synthetischen Fasern, beispielsweise Baumwolle/Polyester oder Baumwolle/Polyamid, verwendeten Bleichflotten enthalten typischerweise pro Liter 10 bis 100 ml Wasserstoffperoxid, 35 Gew.-%ig, 5 bis 20 g Basen aus der Gruppe Natriumhydroxid und/oder Kaliumhydroxid, 5 bis 50 ml Stabilisatoren, beispielsweise Natronwasserglas (Na₂O : SiO₂ = 1 : 2, 38 bis 40 °Be) und/oder Ethylendiamintetraessigsäure in Form ihrer Salze und/oder Polyphosphate, 0,1 bis 1,0 g Magnesiumsalze, beispielsweise Magnesiumsulfat, 0,5 bis 10 g Sequestriermittel, zum Beispiel SecuronR540, Henkel KGaA, und 3 bis 10 g, bezogen auf Ak tivsubstanz, der erfindungsgemäß zu verwendenden Mischungen ohne fakultative Bestandteile. Die textilen Flächengebilde werden bei Temperaturen zwischen 15 und 90 °C, vorzugsweise bei einer Temperatur von etwa 20 °C (Kaltbleiche) gebleicht.Aqueous alkaline bleaching liquors, in which the mixtures to be used according to the invention are preferably used, contain hydrogen peroxide or compounds which form hydrogen peroxide in aqueous solution as the bleaching agent. The pH of these bleaching agents is adjusted to 10 to 14 with bases, for example with NaOH and / or KOH. The bleaching liquors used to bleach natural fibers, for example cotton and / or wool, or mixtures of natural and synthetic fibers, for example cotton / polyester or cotton / polyamide, typically contain 10 to 100 ml of hydrogen peroxide, 35% by weight, per liter , 5 to 20 g bases from the group sodium hydroxide and / or potassium hydroxide, 5 to 50 ml stabilizers, for example sodium water glass (Na₂O: SiO₂ = 1: 2, 38 to 40 ° Be) and / or ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid in the form of its salts and / or polyphosphates , 0.1 to 1.0 g of magnesium salts, for example magnesium sulfate, 0.5 to 10 g of sequestering agent, for example Securon R 540, Henkel KGaA, and 3 to 10 g, based on Ak active substance, the mixtures to be used according to the invention without optional constituents. The textile fabrics are bleached at temperatures between 15 and 90 ° C, preferably at a temperature of about 20 ° C (cold bleach).
- a) In einem Rührgefäß wurden 40 g wäßriges Oleyloleat-disulfonat, Dinatriumsalz, 62 Gew.-%ig, 20 g wäßriges 2-Ethylhexylsulfat, Natriumsalz, 35 Gew.-%ig, 20 g 2-Ethylhexanol und 20 g C₁₂₋₁₈-Kokosfettalkohol x 5 Mol Ethylenoxid, umgesetzt mit n-Butylchlorid, 98 Gew.-%ig bei 22 °C bis zur Bildung einer homogenen Mischung verrührt.a) 40 g of aqueous oleyl oleate disulfonate, disodium salt, 62% by weight, 20 g of aqueous 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, sodium salt, 35% by weight, 20 g of 2-ethylhexanol and 20 g of C₁₂₋₁₈- were placed in a stirred vessel. Coconut fatty alcohol x 5 moles of ethylene oxide, reacted with n-butyl chloride, 98% by weight at 22 ° C., stirred until a homogeneous mixture is formed.
- b) Analog 1.a) wurde eine Mischung aus 45 g wäßrigem Oleyloleat-disulfonat, Natriumsalz, 62 Gew.-%ig, 45 g wäßriges Glycerinethersulfat, Natriumsalz, hergestellt durch basenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Glycerin mit n-Hexylchlorid und anschließende Sulfatierung mit SO₃, 29 Gew.-%ig und 10 g Tri-n-butylphosphat hergestellt.b) Analogously to 1.a), a mixture of 45 g of aqueous oleyl oleate disulfonate, sodium salt, 62% by weight, 45 g of aqueous glycerol ether sulfate, sodium salt was prepared by base-catalyzed reaction of glycerol with n-hexyl chloride and subsequent sulfation with SO₃, 29 wt .-% and 10 g of tri-n-butyl phosphate.
- c) Analog 1.a) wurde eine Mischung aus 38 g wäßrigem Oleyloleat-disulfonat, Natriumsalz, 62 Gew.-%ig, 40 g sulfatiertem Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyethylenglycolether der allgemeinen Formel I (R = n-Butyl, R¹ = n-Decyl, M = Na, n = 2 und x = 2; 56 Gew.-%ige wäßrige Lösung), 20 g C₁₂₋₁₈-Kokosfettalkohol x 5 Mol Ethylenoxid, umgesetzt mit n-Butylchlorid, 98 Gew.-%ig und 2 g 2-Ethylhexanol hergestellt.c) Analogously to 1.a), a mixture of 38 g of aqueous oleyl oleate disulfonate, sodium salt, 62% by weight, 40 g of sulfated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyethylene glycol ether of the general formula I (R = n-butyl, R¹ = n-decyl, M = Na, n = 2 and x = 2; 56% by weight aqueous solution), 20 g C₁₂₋₁₈ coconut fatty alcohol x 5 mol ethylene oxide, reacted with n-butyl chloride, 98% by weight and 2 g 2 -Ethylhexanol produced.
- a) Analog 1.a) wurde eine Mischung aus 60 g wäßrigem 2-Ethylhexylsulfat, Natriumsalz, 35 Gew.-%ig, 20 g 2-Ethylhexanol und 20 g C₁₂₋₁₈-Kokosfettalkohol x 5 Mol Ethylenoxid, umgesetzt mit n-Butylchlorid, 98 Gew.-%ig, hergestellt.a) Analogously to 1.a), a mixture of 60 g of aqueous 2-ethylhexyl sulfate, sodium salt, 35% by weight, 20 g of 2-ethylhexanol and 20 g of C₁₂₋₁₈ coconut oil alcohol x 5 moles of ethylene oxide was reacted with n-butyl chloride , 98% by weight.
- b) Analog 1.a) wurde eine Mischung aus 90 g wäßrigem Glycerinethersulfat, Natriumsalz, hergestellt durch basenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Glycerin mit n-Hexylchlorid und anschließende Sulfatierung mit SO₃, 29 Gew.-%ig und 10 g Tri-n-butylphosphat, hergestellt.b) Analogously to 1.a), a mixture of 90 g of aqueous glycerol ether sulfate, sodium salt, prepared by base-catalyzed reaction of glycerol with n-hexyl chloride and subsequent sulfation with SO₃, 29% by weight and 10 g of tri-n-butyl phosphate was prepared .
- c) Analog 1.a) wurde eine Mischung aus 78 g wäßrigem, sulfatiertem Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyethylenglycolether der allgemeinen Formel I (R = n-Butyl, R¹ = n-Decyl, M = Na, n = 2 und x = 2 ; 56 Gew.-%ig), 20 g C₁₂₋₁₈-Kokosfettalkohol x 5 Mol Ethylenoxid, umgesetzt mit n-Butylchlorid, 98 Gew.-%ig und 2 g 2-Ethylhexanol, hergestellt.c) Analogously to 1.a), a mixture of 78 g of aqueous, sulfated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyethylene glycol ether of the general formula I (R = n-butyl, R¹ = n-decyl, M = Na, n = 2 and x = 2; 56 wt .-%), 20 g of C₁₂₋₁₈ coconut fatty alcohol x 5 moles of ethylene oxide, reacted with n-butyl chloride, 98% by weight and 2 g of 2-ethylhexanol.
- d) 100 g wäßriges Oleyloleat-disulfonat, Dinatriumsalz, 21 Gew.-%ig ohne weitere Bestandteile.d) 100 g of aqueous oleyl oleate disulfonate, disodium salt, 21% by weight without further constituents.
Das Tauchnetzvermögen wurde in einer Kaltbleichflotte bei 20 °C gemäß DIN 53 901 bestimmt. Die Kaltbleichflotte enthielt pro Liter Flotte 0,15 g MgSO₄ · 7 H₂O, 15 ml Natronwasserglas, 38/40 °Be, 16 ml 50 Gew.-%ige Natronlauge, 2 g Komplexbildner (SecuronR540, Henkel KGaA), 35 ml 35 Gew.-%iges Wasserstoffperoxid und eine unter 1. oder 2. angegebene Netzmittelmischung. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 1 zusammengefaßt.
Die Alkalistabilität wurde bei 20 °C in Kaltbleichflotten obiger Zusammensetzungen nach einer Stunde bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse sind in Tabelle 2 zusammengefaßt.
Das Schaumvermögen der Kaltbleichflotten obiger Zusammensetzungen wurde gemäß DIN 53902 in der Götte-Schlagschaumapparatur bestimmt.
Claims (6)
A. sulfonierte, ungesättigte C₁₆₋₂₂-Carbonsäure-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenylester in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze und
B. C₆₋₁₈-Alkyl- und/oder C₁₆₋₁₈-Alkenylsulfate in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze und/oder
Glycerinethersulfate in Form ihrer Alkali-, Erdalkali-, Ammonium- und/oder Aminsalze, hergestellt durch basenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Glycerin und/oder alkoxylierten Glycerinen mit C₁₋₁₀-Alkylhalogeniden und anschließende Sulfatierung der gebildeten Glycerinether und/oder
sulfatierte Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyalkylenglycolether der allgemeinen Formel I
im Gewichtsverhältnis A : B zwischen 5 : 1 und 1 : 5 als Netzmittel in wäßrigen alkalischen Behandlungsmitteln für textile Flächengebilde oder Garne.1. Use of mixtures containing
A. sulfonated, unsaturated C₁₆₋₂₂-carboxylic acid-C₁₆₋₂₂-alkenyl esters in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium and / or amine salts and
B. C₆₋₁₈ alkyl and / or C₁₆₋₁₈ alkenyl sulfates in the form of their alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and / or amine salts and / or
Glycerol ether sulfates in the form of their alkali, alkaline earth metal, ammonium and / or amine salts, prepared by base-catalyzed reaction of glycerol and / or alkoxylated glycerols with C₁₋₁₀ alkyl halides and subsequent sulfation of the glycerol ethers and / or
sulfated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers of the general formula I
in the weight ratio A: B between 5: 1 and 1: 5 as wetting agent in aqueous alkaline treatment agents for textile fabrics or yarns.
C₈₋₁₂-Alkyl- und/oder C₁₆₋₁₈-Alkenylsulfate in Form ihrer Alkalisalze und/oder
Glycerinethersulfate in Form ihrer Alkalisalze, hergestellt durch basenkatalysierte Umsetzung von Glycerin mit C₄₋₈-Alkylchloriden und anschließende Sulfatierung der gebildeten Glycerinether und/oder
sulfatierte Hydroxyalkyl-alkylpolyalkylenglycolether der allgemeinen Formel I, in der R einen Alkylrest mit 2 bis 5 C-Atomen, R¹ einen Alkylrest mit 8 bis 16 C-Atomen, M ein Alkalimetallkation und die Indices n 2 und x eine Zahl zwischen 2 und 6 bedeuten,
verwendet werden.3. Use according to one or both of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that as component B
C₈₋₁₂ alkyl and / or C₁₆₋₁₈ alkenyl sulfates in the form of their alkali salts and / or
Glycerol ether sulfates in the form of their alkali salts, produced by base-catalyzed reaction of glycerol with C₄₋₈-alkyl chlorides and subsequent sulfation of the glycerol ethers formed and / or
sulfated hydroxyalkyl-alkyl polyalkylene glycol ethers of the general formula I, in which R is an alkyl radical having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, R 1 is an alkyl radical having 8 to 16 carbon atoms, M is an alkali metal cation and the indices n 2 and x are a number between 2 and 6 ,
be used.
C₈₋₁₂-Alkyl-und/oder C₁₆₋₁₈-Alkenylsulfate in Form ihrer Alkalisalze und/oder
Glycerinethersulfate in Form ihrer Alkalisalze
verwendet werden.4. Use according to one or more of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that as component B.
C₈₋₁₂ alkyl and / or C₁₆₋₁₈ alkenyl sulfates in the form of their alkali salts and / or
Glycerin ether sulfates in the form of their alkali salts
be used.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3914060 | 1989-04-28 | ||
| DE3914060A DE3914060A1 (en) | 1989-04-28 | 1989-04-28 | WETTING AGENTS FOR USE IN AQUEOUS, ALKALINE TREATMENT AGENTS FOR YARNS OR TEXTILE AREAS |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0394848A1 true EP0394848A1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
Family
ID=6379679
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90107479A Withdrawn EP0394848A1 (en) | 1989-04-28 | 1990-04-19 | Wetting agent for alkaline textile treating baths |
| EP90906192A Pending EP0470106A1 (en) | 1989-04-28 | 1990-04-19 | A wetting agent for alkaline textile treatment agents |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP90906192A Pending EP0470106A1 (en) | 1989-04-28 | 1990-04-19 | A wetting agent for alkaline textile treatment agents |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5158692A (en) |
| EP (2) | EP0394848A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04504884A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920700325A (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9007325A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3914060A1 (en) |
| TR (1) | TR24739A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1990013700A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0638685A1 (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-02-15 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Welling agent for mercerising |
| EP0696661A1 (en) * | 1994-08-11 | 1996-02-14 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Multifunctionnal textile agents compositions |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3914060A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kgaa | WETTING AGENTS FOR USE IN AQUEOUS, ALKALINE TREATMENT AGENTS FOR YARNS OR TEXTILE AREAS |
| US5538672A (en) * | 1991-08-03 | 1996-07-23 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Free-flowing water-containing alkyl sulfate pastes |
| US7612136B2 (en) * | 2006-11-03 | 2009-11-03 | Cognis Ip Management Gmbh | Anionic and other derivatives of non-ionic surfactants, methods for making, and uses in emulsion polymerization and polymer dispersions |
| CN107881760A (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2018-04-06 | 鲁丰织染有限公司 | High-whiteness cotton/polyamide fibre blended yarn weaved fabric continuous processing technology |
| JP6777349B1 (en) * | 2019-09-13 | 2020-10-28 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | Treatment agent for synthetic fibers and synthetic fibers |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0299370A2 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-18 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Sulphatizated hydroxy-mixed ethers, process for their preparation and their use |
| DE3809822A1 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1989-10-05 | Henkel Kgaa | SULPHONATE OF ESTERS OF UNFILTERED FATSAEURS WITH UNSATURATED FAT ALCOHOLS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5149725A (en) * | 1974-10-25 | 1976-04-30 | Konishiroku Photo Ind | |
| DD266711A3 (en) * | 1983-09-07 | 1989-04-12 | Juergen Peschel | HIGHLY ADHESIVE FIBER PRAEPARATION FOR SYNTHETIC HIGH POLYMER FAEDES |
| US4877896A (en) * | 1987-10-05 | 1989-10-31 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Sulfoaroyl end-capped ester of oligomers suitable as soil-release agents in detergent compositions and fabric-conditioner articles |
| JPH06104955B2 (en) * | 1988-01-09 | 1994-12-21 | 竹本油脂株式会社 | Oil agent for synthetic fiber processing |
| DE3914060A1 (en) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Henkel Kgaa | WETTING AGENTS FOR USE IN AQUEOUS, ALKALINE TREATMENT AGENTS FOR YARNS OR TEXTILE AREAS |
-
1989
- 1989-04-28 DE DE3914060A patent/DE3914060A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1990
- 1990-04-11 TR TR90/0348A patent/TR24739A/en unknown
- 1990-04-19 EP EP90107479A patent/EP0394848A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-04-19 BR BR909007325A patent/BR9007325A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-04-19 EP EP90906192A patent/EP0470106A1/en active Pending
- 1990-04-19 US US07/775,941 patent/US5158692A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1990-04-19 KR KR1019900702681A patent/KR920700325A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1990-04-19 JP JP2505976A patent/JPH04504884A/en active Pending
- 1990-04-19 WO PCT/EP1990/000628 patent/WO1990013700A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0299370A2 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-18 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft auf Aktien | Sulphatizated hydroxy-mixed ethers, process for their preparation and their use |
| DE3723354A1 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-26 | Henkel Kgaa | SULFATED HYDROXY MIXERS, METHOD FOR THEIR PRODUCTION AND THEIR USE |
| DE3809822A1 (en) * | 1988-03-23 | 1989-10-05 | Henkel Kgaa | SULPHONATE OF ESTERS OF UNFILTERED FATSAEURS WITH UNSATURATED FAT ALCOHOLS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0638685A1 (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-02-15 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Welling agent for mercerising |
| US5464547A (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-11-07 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Mercerization wetting composition |
| US5494486A (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1996-02-27 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | Mercerization wetting composition |
| EP0696661A1 (en) * | 1994-08-11 | 1996-02-14 | Ciba-Geigy Ag | Multifunctionnal textile agents compositions |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TR24739A (en) | 1992-03-01 |
| US5158692A (en) | 1992-10-27 |
| BR9007325A (en) | 1992-04-28 |
| DE3914060A1 (en) | 1990-10-31 |
| KR920700325A (en) | 1992-02-19 |
| JPH04504884A (en) | 1992-08-27 |
| WO1990013700A1 (en) | 1990-11-15 |
| EP0470106A1 (en) | 1992-02-12 |
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