Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
  • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
  • A23K—FODDER
  • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
  • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
  • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
  • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
  • Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a feed additive for cultivated fishes such as yellowtails, sea breams, eels and sweetfishes.
• feeds for cultivated fishes containing mugwort (Artemisia indica) powder, licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Powder or turmeric (Curcumae rhizoma) powder in order to maintain the cultivated fishes' health, to prevent deterioration of liver function and to prevent rancidity of live feeds are commercially available.
• the present invention has been completed on the basis of a finding that when a feed containing a combination of at least two specific Chinese orthodox medicines (chinese herbal remedies) is given to cultivated fishes, diseases of the fishes can be quite effectively prevented and, therefore, the body weight of the fishes can be efficiently increased.
• the present invention provides a feed additive for cultivated fishes characterized by comprising (a) weeping forsythia(Forsythiae fructus or Forsythiae suspensa Vahl) and (b) at least one of licorice (Glycyrrhizae radix or Glycyrrhiza glabra), bupleurum (Bupleuri radix) and cnidium rnizome (Cnidii rhizoma or Cnidium officinale Makino).
• the present invention provides also a feed for cultivated fishes containing such a feed additive.
• the weeping forsythia (Forsythiae fructus) used as the indispensable ingredient (a) of the present invention is either a dried product or extract of Forsythia suspensa vahl which is a deciduous shrub of Oleaceae or fruits thereof. Further, forsythia fruit KOREA is also usable as the ingredient (a).
• the licorice used as one of the indispensable ingredients (b) is either a dried product or extract of a leguminous plant containing glycyrrhizic acid or its salt as the main ingredient.
• the salt is preferably an alkali metal salt (including a partial salt) such as sodium, potassium or lithium salt thereof. Tripotassium salt thereof is particularly preferred.
• the licorice is preferably a dry extract thereof prepared by drying a licorice extract.
• the bupleurum is either a dry product or extract from a perennial plant of umbelliferae containing buplerum saponin as the main ingredient. The dry root thereof is particularly preferred.
• Cnidium rhizome is also a dry product or extract from a perennial plant of Umbelliferae containing cnidium lactone and sedanonic acid as the main ingredients.
• the dry root thereof is particularly preferred.
• Dry cnidium extract prepared by drying a soft extract obtained by extracting cnidium with water is preferred.
• the present invention is characterized by using the combination of the ingredients (a) and (b).
• the ratio between the ingredients is not particularly limited, the weight ratio of the ingredient (a) to the ingredient (b) is usually 9/1 to 1/9, preferably 8/2 to 2/8. At least one of the ingredients (b) is used in combination with the ingredient (a). A further improved effect can be obtained when at least two of the ingredients (b) are used. In such a case, the weight ratio between the two ingredients (b) is preferably 9/1 to 1/9. A very excellent effect can be obtained when three ingredients (b) are used in combination with the ingredient (a) in the present invention. In this case, the weight ratio of licorice/bupleurum/cnidium is 1/(0.5 to 5)/(0.1 to 2).
• the feed additive for cultivated fishes can be used in the form of a powdery mixture of the ingredients. Further it can be also in any form such as granules having any desired granular size prepared by using a granulating agent or binder.
• the feed additive for cultivated fishes according to the present invention may further contain vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, antibiotics, antibacterial agents, etc.
• the feed additive of the present invention can be added to an ordinary feed for cultivated fishes in an amount of 1 to 30 g (0.1 to 3%), preferably 3 to 15 g (0.3 to 1.5%) per kilogram of the feed.
• the feeds are ordinary ones such as live feeds, mixed feeds, pelletized feeds and moist pelletized feeds.
• live feeds include minced fish, cutted fish and whole fish such as sardine and anchovy.
• the mixted feeds are prepared by mixing fish meal as a main ingredient with vegitable oil residues, cereals and the like.
• the pelletized feeds comprise fish meal and wheat flour as main ingredients, while the moist pelletized feeds mean Oregon Moist Pellets which comprise about 50% by weight of the live feeds and about 50% by weigth of the mixed feeds.
• the feeds for cultivated fishes can be easily produced by mixing the feed additive with an ordinary reed by an ordinary process.
• the present invention thus provides a feed additive for cultivated fishes which comprises a combination of two kinds of chinese orthodox medicines and which is capable of quite effectively preventing diseases of the cultivated fishes by the synergism of the two ingredients and thereby efficiently increasing the body weight of the fishes, though the mechanism thereof has not yet been fully elucidated.
• Both components (a) and (b) are water-soluble, and they can be applied over a wide range.
• the feeds containing the additive for cultivated fishes can be continuously given to young and adult cultivated fishes such as yellowtails, flatfishes, salmons, swellfishes, breams, trouts, carps, eels and sweetfishes.
• a dried extract of Forsythia suspensa vahl was used as the weeping forsythia powder while a dried extract containing tripotassium salt of glycyrrhizic acid was used as the licorice powder.
• the feed used was Oregon Moist Pellets. This feed was given to 17,000 young yellowtails for 90 days and the number of dead fishes was recorded.
• Example 1 1% by weight of a mixture of weeping forsythia powder, licorice powder, bupleurum powder and cnidium rhizome powder in a weight ratio of 2/1/3/1 was added to the same feed as that of Example 1 to prepare the feed of the present invention for cultivated fishes.
• the weeping forsythia powder and the licorice powder were the same as those used in Example 1.
• a dry extract from a perennial plant of umbelliferae containing buplerum saponin as the main ingredient was used as the bupleurum powder and a dry extract from a perennial plant of Umbelliferae containing cnidium lactone and sedanonic acid as the main ingredients was used as the Cnidium rhizome poentrée.
• the feed was given to 12,000 young yellowtails for 90 days and the number of dead fishes was recorded.
• a mixture of weeping forsythia powder, licorice powder, bupleurum powder and cnidium powder in a weight ratio of 2/1/3/1 was added to Mixed Feed F-2 (a product of Fuji Seifun Co., Ltd. comprising 75% by weight of a fish meal, 22% by weight of ⁇ -starch and 3% by weight of calcium phosphate, calcium carbonate, etc.) to prepare the feed of the present invention for cultivated fishes.
• the mixture was the same as that used in Example 2.
• the feed was given to eels for 50 days and the average number of dead eels per day was recorded.
• Table 1 Test group Number of cultivated eels Average number of dead eels 1 4,300 0.6 2 20,900 0.5 3 22,200 0.6 4 20,100 1.0 5 23,100 1.4 6 16,700 2.5 Average - 1.1
• the main cause for the death during the test period was Edwardsiellosis.
• 7 to 8 eels died a day on average. It is apparent from the results shown in Table 1 that when the feed of the present invention for cultivated fishes is used, the number of the dead eels can be efficiently reduced (the rate of survival can be increased).

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• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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• Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
• Food Science & Technology (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Zoology (AREA)
• Animal Husbandry (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
• Birds (AREA)
• Obesity (AREA)
• Hematology (AREA)
• Diabetes (AREA)
• Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Physiology (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Molecular Biology (AREA)
• Fodder In General (AREA)
• Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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Cited By (2)

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Citations (3)

• 1989
  • 1989-04-20 JP JP1101082A patent/JP2550411B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 1990
  • 1990-04-17 CA CA002014695A patent/CA2014695C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-04-19 NO NO901742A patent/NO176543C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1990-04-19 DE DE90107426T patent/DE69002120T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1990-04-19 EP EP90107426A patent/EP0394837B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-04-19 MX MX020366A patent/MX170685B/es unknown
  • 1990-04-19 ES ES199090107426T patent/ES2042130T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1990-04-19 IE IE139290A patent/IE64025B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation

Patent Citations (3)

Non-Patent Citations (4)

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